θάνατος: Difference between revisions
τίς γὰρ ἁδονᾶς ἄτερ θνατῶν βίος ποθεινὸς ἢ ποία τυραννίς; τᾶς ἄτερ οὐδὲ θεῶν ζηλωτὸς αἰών → What human life is desirable without pleasure, or what lordly power? Without it not even the life of the gods is enviable.
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|Definition=[<b class="b3">θᾰ], ὁ,</b> (θνῄσκω) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">death</b>, whether natural or violent, Hom., etc.; <b class="b3">τῶν ὑπαλευάμενος θάνατον</b> <b class="b2">the death threatened</b> by them, <span class="bibl">Od.15.275</span>; ὣς θάνον οἰκτίστῳ θανάτῳ <span class="bibl">11.412</span>; <b class="b3">θάνατόνδε</b> <b class="b2">to death</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.693</span>, <span class="bibl">22.297</span>; <b class="b3">θανάτου τέλος, μοῖρα</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>906</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>917</span> (anap.), etc.; <b class="b3">θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς</b> for life and <b class="b2">death</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.29</span>; θ. ἢ βίον φέρει <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>802</span>; θάνατος μὲν τάδ' ἀκούειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>529</span>; θανάτῳ ἴσον πάθος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 215</span>; ἐν ἀγχόναις θάνατον λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>201</span>; <b class="b3">πόλεώς ἐστι θ., ἀνάστατον γενέσθαι</b> it is its <b class="b2">death</b>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.61</span>; <b class="b3">γῆρας ζῶν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>12</span>; <b class="b3">θάνατον ἀποθνῄσκειν, τελευτᾶν</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Crass.</span>25</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.76</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Law, <b class="b2">death-penalty</b>, <b class="b3">θάνατον καταγνῶναί τινος</b> to pass <b class="b2">sentence of death</b> on one, <span class="bibl">Th.3.81</span>; <b class="b3">θανάτου δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">57</span>; θανάτου κρίνειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.14.6</span>; περὶ θανάτου διώκειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.3.6</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς τοὺς ἐχθροὺς . . ἀγωνίσασθαι περὶ θ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.4.47</span>; <b class="b3">θ. τῆς ζημίας ἐπικειμένης</b> the penalty is <b class="b2">death</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.50</span>; ellipt., <b class="b3">παιδίον κεκος μημένον τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">στολήν</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.109</span>; τὴν ἐπὶ θ. προσαγαγεῖν τινα <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Alex.</span>44</span>; but <b class="b3">δῆσαί τινα τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">δέσιν</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.119</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ ἔξοδον ποιεῖσθαι</b> to go to <b class="b2">execution</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.7.223</span>; ἐπὶ θάνατον ἄγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.3.14</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ἐπιτρέψαι περὶ σφῶν αὐτῶν πλὴν θανάτου</b> for any penalty short of <b class="b2">death</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.54</span>; εὐθύνας εἶναι πλὴν φυγῆς καὶ θανάτου καὶ ἀτιμίας <span class="title">IG</span>12.39.73; <b class="b3">εἰργόμενον θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ἀνάπηρον ποιῆσαι</b> short <b class="b2">of death</b> or maiming, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.183</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> pl., <b class="b3">θάνατοι</b> <b class="b2">kinds of death</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.341</span>; <b class="b2">the deaths</b> of several persons, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1200</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>628</span> (both lyr.); poet., of one person, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>53</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>496</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>206</span> (all lyr.); οὐχ ἑνός, οὐδὲ δυοῖν ἄξια θανάτοιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>908e</span>; πολλῶν θ., οὐχ ἑνὸς ἄξιος <span class="bibl">D.21.21</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">19.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>483</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.24</span>; δεύτερος θ. <b class="b2">*apoc</b>. <span class="bibl">2.11</span>, cf. Plu.2.942f; esp. of <b class="b2">violent death</b>, θ. αὐθένται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1572</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>879</span> (lyr.); εἰς θανάτους ἰέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>399b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> as pr. n., <b class="b3">Θάνατος</b> <span class="title">Death</span>, Ὕπνῳ . . κασιγνήτῳ Θανάτοιο <span class="bibl">Il.14.231</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>854</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>797</span>, etc.; μόνος θεῶν γὰρ Θ. οὐ δώρων ἐρᾷ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>161</span>; <b class="b3">ὃν [ἰὸν] τέκετο Θ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 834</span>; character in E.<span class="title">Alc.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">corpse</b>, θ. ἀτύμβευτος <span class="title">AP</span>9.439 (Crin.).</span> | |Definition=[<b class="b3">θᾰ], ὁ,</b> (θνῄσκω) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">death</b>, whether natural or violent, Hom., etc.; <b class="b3">τῶν ὑπαλευάμενος θάνατον</b> <b class="b2">the death threatened</b> by them, <span class="bibl">Od.15.275</span>; ὣς θάνον οἰκτίστῳ θανάτῳ <span class="bibl">11.412</span>; <b class="b3">θάνατόνδε</b> <b class="b2">to death</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.693</span>, <span class="bibl">22.297</span>; <b class="b3">θανάτου τέλος, μοῖρα</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>906</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>917</span> (anap.), etc.; <b class="b3">θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς</b> for life and <b class="b2">death</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.29</span>; θ. ἢ βίον φέρει <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>802</span>; θάνατος μὲν τάδ' ἀκούειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>529</span>; θανάτῳ ἴσον πάθος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 215</span>; ἐν ἀγχόναις θάνατον λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>201</span>; <b class="b3">πόλεώς ἐστι θ., ἀνάστατον γενέσθαι</b> it is its <b class="b2">death</b>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.61</span>; <b class="b3">γῆρας ζῶν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>12</span>; <b class="b3">θάνατον ἀποθνῄσκειν, τελευτᾶν</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Crass.</span>25</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.76</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Law, <b class="b2">death-penalty</b>, <b class="b3">θάνατον καταγνῶναί τινος</b> to pass <b class="b2">sentence of death</b> on one, <span class="bibl">Th.3.81</span>; <b class="b3">θανάτου δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">57</span>; θανάτου κρίνειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.14.6</span>; περὶ θανάτου διώκειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.3.6</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς τοὺς ἐχθροὺς . . ἀγωνίσασθαι περὶ θ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.4.47</span>; <b class="b3">θ. τῆς ζημίας ἐπικειμένης</b> the penalty is <b class="b2">death</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.50</span>; ellipt., <b class="b3">παιδίον κεκος μημένον τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">στολήν</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.109</span>; τὴν ἐπὶ θ. προσαγαγεῖν τινα <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Alex.</span>44</span>; but <b class="b3">δῆσαί τινα τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">δέσιν</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.119</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ ἔξοδον ποιεῖσθαι</b> to go to <b class="b2">execution</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.7.223</span>; ἐπὶ θάνατον ἄγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.3.14</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ἐπιτρέψαι περὶ σφῶν αὐτῶν πλὴν θανάτου</b> for any penalty short of <b class="b2">death</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.54</span>; εὐθύνας εἶναι πλὴν φυγῆς καὶ θανάτου καὶ ἀτιμίας <span class="title">IG</span>12.39.73; <b class="b3">εἰργόμενον θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ἀνάπηρον ποιῆσαι</b> short <b class="b2">of death</b> or maiming, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.183</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> pl., <b class="b3">θάνατοι</b> <b class="b2">kinds of death</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.341</span>; <b class="b2">the deaths</b> of several persons, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1200</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>628</span> (both lyr.); poet., of one person, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>53</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>496</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>206</span> (all lyr.); οὐχ ἑνός, οὐδὲ δυοῖν ἄξια θανάτοιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>908e</span>; πολλῶν θ., οὐχ ἑνὸς ἄξιος <span class="bibl">D.21.21</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">19.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>483</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.24</span>; δεύτερος θ. <b class="b2">*apoc</b>. <span class="bibl">2.11</span>, cf. Plu.2.942f; esp. of <b class="b2">violent death</b>, θ. αὐθένται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1572</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>879</span> (lyr.); εἰς θανάτους ἰέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>399b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> as pr. n., <b class="b3">Θάνατος</b> <span class="title">Death</span>, Ὕπνῳ . . κασιγνήτῳ Θανάτοιο <span class="bibl">Il.14.231</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>854</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>797</span>, etc.; μόνος θεῶν γὰρ Θ. οὐ δώρων ἐρᾷ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>161</span>; <b class="b3">ὃν [ἰὸν] τέκετο Θ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 834</span>; character in E.<span class="title">Alc.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">corpse</b>, θ. ἀτύμβευτος <span class="title">AP</span>9.439 (Crin.).</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1186.png Seite 1186]] ὁ ([[θανεῖν]]), der Tod, sowohl der natürliche, als der gewaltsame Todtschlag, Mord, Hom. u. Folgde; οἰκτίστῳ θανάτῳ [[θανεῖν]], des jämmerlichsten Todes sterben, Od. 11, 412 (aber στρατηγοῦ θάνατον ἀποθνήσκειν Plut. comp. Sull. 4, wie ὀξύν Crass. 25; τὸν ῥᾷστον θάνατον τελευτᾶν D. Hal. 4, 76; a. Sp.); im plur. die Todesarten, πάντες μὲν στυγεροὶ θάνατοι δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν Od. 12, 341; auch der Tod, Mord von mehreren, μελέους θανάτους εὕροντο Aesch. Spt. 860; θανάτοις αὐθένταισι Ag. 1554; δεσποτῶν θανάτοισι Ch. 52; εἰ σέβεις θανάτους ἀγαθῶν Eur. Heracl. 629; Plat. ἔν τε ζωῇ καὶ ἐν πᾶσι θανάτοις, Legg. X, 904 e; εἰς τραύματα ἢ εἰς θανάτους ἰόντος Todesgefahren, Rep. III, 399 a; μυρίων ἄξια θανάτων D. Hal. 4, 24; ἱκανοὺς νομίζεις [[δῆτα]] θανάτους [[εἴκοσι]] Ar. Plut. 483. – Bei den Attikern bes. die gerichtliche Todesstrafe, Hinrichtung, ἀτιμίαις καὶ θανάτοις κολάζειν Plat. Rep. VI, 492 d; θάνατον καταγιγνώσκειν τινός, die Todesstrafe gegen Einen erkennen, Thuc. u. A.; τὸν παῖδα ἀγόμενον ἐπὶ θανάτῳ Her. 3, 14; τοὺς ἄλλους κατέδησαν τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ 5, 72, vgl. ἐπί; ἡ ἐπὶ θανάτῳ, sc. [[ζημία]], Todesstrafe; θανάτου δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι, einen Proceß haben, wo der Tod die Strafe ist, Thuc. 3, 37; ähnl. κρίνεσθαι τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ, sc. δίκην, Ath. XIII, 590 d; ὑπάγειν τινὰ θανάτου, Einen auf Tod u. Leben anklagen, Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 12. Auch übertr., wie bei uns, [[θάνατος]] μὲν τάδ' ἀκούειν, das zu hören ist der Tod, Soph. O. C. 523, vgl. θανάτῳ γὰρ ἴσον [[πάθος]] ἐκπεύσει Ai. 214. – Bei Crinag. 35 (IX, 439), ἀτυμβεύτου θανάτοιο [[λείψανον]], steht es für Leichnam. – S. auch nom. pr. | |||
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Revision as of 19:27, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
[θᾰ], ὁ, (θνῄσκω)
A death, whether natural or violent, Hom., etc.; τῶν ὑπαλευάμενος θάνατον the death threatened by them, Od.15.275; ὣς θάνον οἰκτίστῳ θανάτῳ 11.412; θάνατόνδε to death, Il.16.693, 22.297; θανάτου τέλος, μοῖρα, A.Th.906 (lyr.), Pers.917 (anap.), etc.; θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς for life and death, Pi.N.9.29; θ. ἢ βίον φέρει S. Aj.802; θάνατος μὲν τάδ' ἀκούειν Id.OC529; θανάτῳ ἴσον πάθος Id.Aj. 215; ἐν ἀγχόναις θάνατον λαβεῖν E.Hel.201; πόλεώς ἐστι θ., ἀνάστατον γενέσθαι it is its death, Lycurg.61; γῆρας ζῶν θ. Secund.Sent.12; θάνατον ἀποθνῄσκειν, τελευτᾶν, Plu.Crass.25, D.H.4.76. 2 in Law, death-penalty, θάνατον καταγνῶναί τινος to pass sentence of death on one, Th.3.81; θανάτου δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι ib.57; θανάτου κρίνειν X.Cyr.1.2.14, Plb.6.14.6; περὶ θανάτου διώκειν X.HG7.3.6; πρὸς τοὺς ἐχθροὺς . . ἀγωνίσασθαι περὶ θ. D.4.47; θ. τῆς ζημίας ἐπικειμένης the penalty is death, Isoc.8.50; ellipt., παιδίον κεκος μημένον τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. στολήν) Hdt.1.109; τὴν ἐπὶ θ. προσαγαγεῖν τινα Luc.Alex.44; but δῆσαί τινα τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. δέσιν) Hdt.3.119; τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ ἔξοδον ποιεῖσθαι to go to execution, Id.7.223; ἐπὶ θάνατον ἄγεσθαι Id.3.14; τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ἐπιτρέψαι περὶ σφῶν αὐτῶν πλὴν θανάτου for any penalty short of death, Th.4.54; εὐθύνας εἶναι πλὴν φυγῆς καὶ θανάτου καὶ ἀτιμίας IG12.39.73; εἰργόμενον θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ἀνάπηρον ποιῆσαι short of death or maiming, Aeschin.1.183. 3 pl., θάνατοι kinds of death, Od.12.341; the deaths of several persons, S.OT1200, E.Heracl.628 (both lyr.); poet., of one person, A.Ch.53, S.OT496, El.206 (all lyr.); οὐχ ἑνός, οὐδὲ δυοῖν ἄξια θανάτοιν Pl.Lg.908e; πολλῶν θ., οὐχ ἑνὸς ἄξιος D.21.21, cf.19.16, Ar.Pl.483, D.H.4.24; δεύτερος θ. *apoc. 2.11, cf. Plu.2.942f; esp. of violent death, θ. αὐθένται A.Ag.1572 (lyr.), cf. Th.879 (lyr.); εἰς θανάτους ἰέναι Pl.R.399b. II as pr. n., Θάνατος Death, Ὕπνῳ . . κασιγνήτῳ Θανάτοιο Il.14.231, cf. S.Aj.854, Ph.797, etc.; μόνος θεῶν γὰρ Θ. οὐ δώρων ἐρᾷ A.Fr.161; ὃν [ἰὸν] τέκετο Θ. S.Tr. 834; character in E.Alc. III corpse, θ. ἀτύμβευτος AP9.439 (Crin.).
German (Pape)
[Seite 1186] ὁ (θανεῖν), der Tod, sowohl der natürliche, als der gewaltsame Todtschlag, Mord, Hom. u. Folgde; οἰκτίστῳ θανάτῳ θανεῖν, des jämmerlichsten Todes sterben, Od. 11, 412 (aber στρατηγοῦ θάνατον ἀποθνήσκειν Plut. comp. Sull. 4, wie ὀξύν Crass. 25; τὸν ῥᾷστον θάνατον τελευτᾶν D. Hal. 4, 76; a. Sp.); im plur. die Todesarten, πάντες μὲν στυγεροὶ θάνατοι δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν Od. 12, 341; auch der Tod, Mord von mehreren, μελέους θανάτους εὕροντο Aesch. Spt. 860; θανάτοις αὐθένταισι Ag. 1554; δεσποτῶν θανάτοισι Ch. 52; εἰ σέβεις θανάτους ἀγαθῶν Eur. Heracl. 629; Plat. ἔν τε ζωῇ καὶ ἐν πᾶσι θανάτοις, Legg. X, 904 e; εἰς τραύματα ἢ εἰς θανάτους ἰόντος Todesgefahren, Rep. III, 399 a; μυρίων ἄξια θανάτων D. Hal. 4, 24; ἱκανοὺς νομίζεις δῆτα θανάτους εἴκοσι Ar. Plut. 483. – Bei den Attikern bes. die gerichtliche Todesstrafe, Hinrichtung, ἀτιμίαις καὶ θανάτοις κολάζειν Plat. Rep. VI, 492 d; θάνατον καταγιγνώσκειν τινός, die Todesstrafe gegen Einen erkennen, Thuc. u. A.; τὸν παῖδα ἀγόμενον ἐπὶ θανάτῳ Her. 3, 14; τοὺς ἄλλους κατέδησαν τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ 5, 72, vgl. ἐπί; ἡ ἐπὶ θανάτῳ, sc. ζημία, Todesstrafe; θανάτου δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι, einen Proceß haben, wo der Tod die Strafe ist, Thuc. 3, 37; ähnl. κρίνεσθαι τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ, sc. δίκην, Ath. XIII, 590 d; ὑπάγειν τινὰ θανάτου, Einen auf Tod u. Leben anklagen, Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 12. Auch übertr., wie bei uns, θάνατος μὲν τάδ' ἀκούειν, das zu hören ist der Tod, Soph. O. C. 523, vgl. θανάτῳ γὰρ ἴσον πάθος ἐκπεύσει Ai. 214. – Bei Crinag. 35 (IX, 439), ἀτυμβεύτου θανάτοιο λείψανον, steht es für Leichnam. – S. auch nom. pr.
