ξάνθιον
English (LSJ)
τό, a plant used for dyeing the hair yellow,
A xanthium, Xanthium strumarium, broad-leaved burweed, Dsc.4.136, Gal.12.87.
II = ξυρίς (Iris foetidissima, stinking iris, gladdon, Gladwin iris, roast-beef plant, stinking gladwin), Ps.-Dsc.4.22.
German (Pape)
[Seite 274] τό, die Spitzklette, eine Pflanze zum Gelbfärben der Haare, Diosc.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ξάνθιον: τό, φυτόν τι δι’ οὗ ἐβάπτετο ἡ κόμη ξανθή, Xanthium strumarium, Sprengel εἰς Διοσκ. 4. 136.
Greek Monolingual
το (Α ξάνθιον)
ποώδες μονοετές φυτό της οικογένειας τών συνθέτων, με άνθη κίτρινα και καρπούς μεγάλους και ακανθώδεις και με δύο είδη, γνωστά σήμερα και με τις κοινές ονομασίες κολλητσίδα και ασπράγκαθο
αρχ.
ξυρίς.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < ξανθός. Το φυτό ονομάστηκε έτσι, επειδή το χρησιμοποιούσαν για να ξανθύνουν το τρίχωμα τών αλόγων].
Wikipedia EN
Xanthium strumarium (rough cocklebur, clotbur, common cocklebur, large cocklebur, woolgarie bur) is a species of annual plants of the family Asteraceae. It probably originates in North America and has been extensively naturalized elsewhere.
Iris foetidissima, the stinking iris, gladdon, Gladwin iris, roast-beef plant, or stinking gladwin, is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae, found in open woodland, hedgebanks and on sea-cliffs.
Its natural range is Western Europe, including England (south of Durham) and also Ireland, and from France south and east to N. Africa, Italy and Greece.
It is one of two iris species native to Britain, the other being the yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus).
It has tufts of dark green leaves. Its flowers are usually of a dull, leaden-blue colour, or dull buff-yellow tinged with blue. The petals have delicate veining. It blooms between June and July, but the flowers only last a day or so. The green seed capsules, which remain attached to the plant throughout the winter, are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long; and the seeds are scarlet.
It is known as "stinking" because some people find the smell of its leaves unpleasant when crushed or bruised, an odour that has been described as "beefy". Its common names of 'gladdon' and 'gladwyn' or 'gladwin', are in reference to an old word for a sword, (latin 'gladius') due to the shape of the irises leaves.
This plant is cultivated in gardens in the temperate zones. Both the species and its cultivar 'Variegata' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Translations
Xanthium strumarium
as: অগৰা; azb: پیتیراق; az: adi pıtraq; ba: тилермән; be: дурнічнік звычайны; bn: আগরা; ca: llepassa; cs: řepeň durkoman; cy: penfachog garw; de: Gewöhnliche Spitzklette; eu: basalapatx; fa: زردینه; fi: karheasappiruoho; fr: lampourde glouteron; he: לכיד הנחלים; hr: obična dikica; hy: դառնափուշ սովորական; ja: オナモミ; ka: ღორის ბირკა; kbd: банэдэгу; ko: 도꼬마리; ml: അരിഷ്ട; my: ဝက်မြီးကပ်; ne: भेडेकुरो; nl: late stekelnoot; pl: rzepień pospolity; pnb: چمبڑ بوٹی; ru: дурнишник обыкновенный; th: ผักกระชับ; uk: нетреба звичайна; vi: ké đầu ngựa; zh: 苍耳
