σῴζω: Difference between revisions
ἆρά γε λόγον ἔχει δυοῖν ἀρχαῖν, ὑλικῆς τε καὶ δραστικῆς → does it in fact have the function of two principles, the material and the active?
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|astxt=[[σώζω]] (on the more accurate [[σῴζω]], v. WH, Intr., §410; Bl., §3, 1-3), [in LXX chiefly for ישׁע hi., also for מלט ni., נצל ni., etc.;] <br />to save from peril, injury or suffering: Mt 8:25, Mk 13:20, Lk 23:35, al.; τ. ψυχήν, Mt 16:25, al.; seq. ἐκ, Jo 12:27, He 5:7, Ju 5; of healing, restoring to health: Mt 9:22, Mk 5:34, al. In NT, esp. of salvation from spiritual disease and death, in which sense it is "spoken of in Scripture as either (1) past, (2) present, or (3) future, according as redemption, grace, or glory is the point in view. Thus (1) Ro 8:24, Eph 2:5, 8 II Ti 1:9, Tit 3:5; (2) Ac 2:47, I Co 1:18, 15:2, II Co 2:15; (3) Mt 10:22, Ro 13:11, Phl 2:12, He 9:28" (Vau. on Ro 5:9). Seq. [[ἀπό]], Mt 1:21, Ac 2:40, Ro 5:9; ἐκ, Ja 5:20, Ju 23 (cf. Cremer, 532ff.). | |astxt=[[σώζω]] (on the [[more]] [[accurate]] [[σῴζω]], v. WH, Intr., §410; Bl., §3, 1-3), [in LXX [[chiefly]] for ישׁע hi., [[also]] for מלט ni., נצל ni., etc.;] <br />to [[save]] [[from]] [[peril]], [[injury]] or [[suffering]]: Mt 8:25, Mk 13:20, Lk 23:35, al.; τ. ψυχήν, Mt 16:25, al.; seq. ἐκ, Jo 12:27, He 5:7, Ju 5; of [[healing]], restoring to [[health]]: Mt 9:22, Mk 5:34, al. In NT, esp. of [[salvation]] [[from]] [[spiritual]] [[disease]] and [[death]], in [[which]] [[sense]] it is "[[spoken]] of in Scripture as [[either]] (1) [[past]], (2) [[present]], or (3) [[future]], according as [[redemption]], [[grace]], or [[glory]] is the [[point]] in [[view]]. Thus (1) Ro 8:24, Eph 2:5, 8 II Ti 1:9, Tit 3:5; (2) Ac 2:47, I Co 1:18, 15:2, II Co 2:15; (3) Mt 10:22, Ro 13:11, Phl 2:12, He 9:28" (Vau. on Ro 5:9). Seq. [[ἀπό]], Mt 1:21, Ac 2:40, Ro 5:9; ἐκ, Ja 5:20, Ju 23 (cf. Cremer, 532ff.). | ||
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Revision as of 15:42, 25 August 2017
English (LSJ)
with ι wherever ζ follows ω, as σῴζω, EM741.27, and so (written σωιζ-) in Inscrr. and Papyri down to iii B.C., e.g. IG12.625.4, 22.687.35, 1611.378, Isyll.75 (lapis), PCair.Zen.482.17, 532.23 (iii B.C.), Test.Epict. 1.6 (iii/ii B.C.), (ἀνα-) IG22.492.13, also in cod. Laur. of S.El.993, al., but otherwise without it, e.g.
A ἔσωσε IG9(2).257.11 (Thess., v B.C.); but Didym. (and many Hellenistic and later Inscrr. and Papyri) rejected the ι everywhere, v. EMl.c., and on the other hand Inscrr. show σῳσ- (always written σωισ-) from v B.C., ἔσῳσεν IG12.1085.5, 22.1236.6, συνδιασῴσαντες GDI1612.9 (Dyme, iii B.C.), σῴσαι (3sg. opt.) IG5(2).357.152 (Stymphalus, iii B.C.), διέσῳσαν OGI56.18 (Canopus, iii B.C.), cf. PPetr.3p.72 (iii B.C.); σοζ[, i.e. σωζ[, occurs in IG12.590: fut. σώσω S.Ph.1391, Th.1.137, etc.; early Att. σωῶ IG12.188.30: pf. σέσωκα, also σέσῳκα, v. ἀνασῴζω:— Med., fut. σώσομαι E.Ba.793, (ἐκ-) A.Pers.360, (δια-) X.Cyr.4.2.28: aor. ἐσωσάμην Ar.Ec.402:—Pass., fut. σωθήσομαι Th.5.111, Ar.Nu.77, Hp.Prog.1, etc.: aor. ἐσώθην Th.1.110, al., SIG167.37 (Mylasa, iv B.C.) (ἐσώσθην only in Hsch.): pf. σέσωσμαι A.Th. [821 (820) ], σέσωσται E.IT607, D.56.33, σεσώσμεθα S.Tr.83, etc.; but σέσωται Pl.Criti.109d, cf. 110a, σεσωμένος PCair.Zen.331.8 (iii B.C.); said to be Att. by Phot.; διασεσῳμένους is found in IG22.435.11 (after 336 B.C.) and διασεσῳμένοι in PCair.Zen.240.11 (iii B.C.); later σέσῳσται IG12(7).386.25 (Amorgos, iii B.C.).--The foll. forms are found in Hom. and dialects, 1 pres. part. σώζων Od.5.490; 3sg. ind. or opt. σώζει (-οι) Hes.Op.376 (v.l. for εἴη): pres. part. Pass. σωζόμενοι (-ομένοισι) Thgn.68,235 (s.v.l.). 2 from σᾰόω, 3sg. σαοῖ Thgn. 868, Call.Del.22, etc.; 3pl. σαοῦσι Tyrt.11.13; 2sg. imper. σάου h.Hom.13.3, Call.Epigr.35 (as v.l.), etc.: fut. σαώσω Il.10.44: aor. ἐσάωσα 21.611, Pi.Fr.231: aor. inf. Pass. σαωθῆναι Il.15.503, Od.10.473; imper. σαωθήτω Il.17.228; Ep. 3pl. ἐσάωθεν Od.3.185: fut. Med. σαώσομαι 21.309. 3 from σάωμι, Aeol. 2sg. σάως Alc.73 (fort. σάῳς); 2sg. imper. σάω Od.13.230, 17.595, Call. l.c., etc.: σάω as 3sg.impf., Il.16.363, 21.238. 4 from σώω, part. σώοντες Od.9.430; Ion. impf. σώεσκον Il.8.363; σώετε, σώεσθαι, A.R.4.197, 2.610. 5 from σόω, subj. σόῃς, -ῃ, -ωσι, Il.9.681,424,393 vulg., where Tyrannio ap.Hdn.Gr.2.66 reads σοῷς, σοῷ, σοῶσι; in 9.681 Aristarch. read both σαῷς and σοῷς; the forms σοῷς, σοῷ perh. arise from σαόω, by contraction and 'distraction': but σόωσι from σώωσι acc. to Hdn.Gr.l.c.; Hsch. cites also σόεις, σοῦται as = σώζεις, σώζεται. 6 Lacon. σωάδδει· παρατηρεῖ, Hsch.: but also σχολι-σοΐδδω, aor. ἀπέσοιξεν· ἀπέσωσεν, Λάκωνες, Id. 7 σωννύω, Dinol.5:—save, keep, 1 of persons, save from death, keep alive, σώοντες ἑταίρους Od.9.430; ζωοὺς σάω Il.21.238; ὄτ' ἄσφ' ἀπολλυμένοις σάως Alc.73, cf. Th.1.91, X.An.3.1.38; πόδες καὶ γοῦνα σ. τινά Il.21.611; νὺξ στρατὸν σ. 9.78; spare, Od.22.357:—Pass., to be saved, kept alive, preserved, opp. ἀπολέσθαι, Il.15.503, Od.3.185, etc.; ἀγαπητῶς σεσωσμένους Lys.16.16; keep a whole skin, escape destruction, οἱ σωθησόμενοι Pl.Tht.176d; so in pres. σωζόμενος, Thgn.68,235 (s.v.l.); to be healed, recover from sickness, Hp.Coac.136, Is.1.10 (dub. l.); ὑγιαίνοντες καὶ σωζόμενοι IG22.1028.89 (i B.C.); σώζεο, as a wish, God bless you, farewell, Call.Del.150, AP5.240 (Paul. Sil.), 9.372; σώζοισθε ib.171 (Pall.); also, save oneself, escape, σώθητι Pl.Cri.44b; μόγις or μόλις σῴζεσθαι escape with difficulty, Id.Ep.332c, D.S.2.48, etc.; χαλεπῶς σ. Thgn.675. b esp. in NT, of God or Christ, 1 Ep.Cor.1.21, etc.; σ. τὸ ἀπολωλός Ev.Luc.19.10; σ. τὸν κόσμον Ev.Jo.12.47:—freq. in Pass., to be saved or in a state of salvation, Ev.Matt.19.25, etc.; οἱ σῳζόμενοι Ev.Luc.13.23, Act.Ap.2.47. 2 of things, keep safe, preserve, rare in Hom., σάω μὲν ταῦτα, σάω δ' ἐμέ Od.13.230; σπέρμα πυρὸς σώζων 5.490; πόλιν καὶ ἄστυ σ. Il.17.144; σαώσει Ἀργείους καὶ νῆας 10.44, cf. 9.230: freq. in Trag. and Att., σ. φάρμακον S.Tr.686; τὰ τόξα Id.Ph.766; τὰ σκεύη, παῖδας οἶκον χρήματα, καρπούς, Ar.Pax730 (anap.), Av.380 (troch.), 1062 (lyr.); τὰ πατρῷα, τὰ ὑπάρχοντα, Id.Th.820 (lyr.), Th.1.70; σ. πόλιν preserve the city or the state, Hdt.8.34, A. Th.749 (lyr.), S.Ant.1058, Pl.R.417a, cf. Grg.512b, etc.; τὰ πράγματα Th.1.74; τὴν Ἑλλάδα Ar.Lys.525 (lyr.); τὰς πολιτείας, τὴν δημοκρατίαν, etc., Arist.Pol.1309b15,36; τόνδε γὰρ [λόγον] σῴζων keeping it secret, A.Pr.524, cf. S.OC1530; σ. καιρόν save or recover an opportunity, D.19.6, cf. 23.4:—Med., keep or preserve for oneself, τὴν εὐλάβειαν S.El.993, cf. E.Alc.146, etc.; αὐτὸς αὑτῷ σ. τι Ar.Ec.402, cf.Eq.1017 (hex.):—Pass., τὸ ἄπραγμον οὐ σῴζεται is not secure, Th.2.63; ἡ . . πόλις οὐκ ἂν ἐσῴζετο; Ar.Ec.219; to be preserved or extant, of books, Longin. ap. Porph.Plot.20, Gal.15.705, D.C.70.2. 3 keep, observe, maintain laws, etc., σ. ἐφετμάς A.Eu.241; τὸν παρόντα νοῦν Id.Pr.394; τοὺς καθεστῶτας νόμους S.Ant.1114, cf. Arist.VV1250b17; τοὺς σοὺς λόγους E.Hel.1552; τὸ μόρσιμον ib.613; τὰ πρὸς τοὺς κατοίκους δίκαια BGU562.19 (ii A.D.); confirm, τὸ τοῦ ποιήσαντος Arist.Mu.400b24, cf. Antig.Mir.45 (Pass.); πρὸς τὸ τὰ φαινόμενα σῴζειν to retain the observed facts, Procl.Hyp.5.10; κατὰ ποσὸν σῴζει τὴν πρὸς τὸ μῶλυ ἐμφέρειαν retains, i.e. does not lack, a certain resemblance to... Dsc.3.46, cf. 98, Sor.Fasc.8:—Pass., to be maintained, τοῦ μήκους σῳζομένου Arist.Mete.386a2; ἐφ' ᾧ τοῖς θεοῖς τὰ ἱερὰ σωθήσεσθαι PHib.1.77.7 (iii B.C.). 4 keep in mind, remember, E.Hel.266, Pl. R.486c: more freq. in Med., παρῆκα θεσμῶν οὐδέν, ἀλλ' ἐσῳζόμην . . ὅπως δύσνιπτον ἐκ δέλτου γραφήν S.Tr.682, cf. El.1257; μηδ' ἂ ἔμαθε σῴζοιτο Pl.R.455b; in full, μνήμην σῴζομαι στρατεύματος E.IA302 (lyr.), cf. Pl.Grg.501a, Tht.163d. II Constr.: 1 simply c. acc., v. supr. 2 with a sense of motion to a place, bring one safe to, τὸν δ' ἐσάωσεν ἐς ποταμοῦ προχοάς Od.5.452; ἐς ὅμιλον Il.19.401; πόλινδε 5.224, etc.; ἐς οἴκους S.Ph.311; εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τὴν ἐπουράνιον 2 Ep.Ti.4.18:—Pass., come safe to a place, σωθέντος ἐμεῦ ὀπίσω ἐς οἶκον Hdt.4.97, cf. 9.104; πρὸς ἤπειρον σεσῶσθαι A.Pers.737; δεῦρο E.Ph.725; οἴκαδε X.HG1.6.7; σῴζεσθαι ἐπὶ τὴν ὑμετέρην [χώρην] Hdt.5.98; ἐς δόμους σωθέντ' S.Tr.611; σωθῶμεν ἐπὶ θάλατταν X.An. 6.5.20: c. dat. pers., μόλις ὔμμιν ἐσώθην Theoc.15.4. 3 σ. τινὰ ἐκ φλοίσβοιο, ἐκ πολέμου, carry off safe, rescue from . ., Il.5.469, 11.752; ἐκ ποταμοῖο 21.274; ἐκ θανάτοιο Od.4.753; ἐκ πολλῶν πόνων S.El. 1356; ἀπὸ στρατείας A.Ag.603; διὰ δεινῶν πραγμάτων σεσωσμένοι X. An.5.5.8: c. gen., σώσας ἐχθρῶν χθόνα having rescued it from them, S.Ant.1162; σῶσαί τινα κακοῦ Id.Ph.919; σεαυτὸν νούσου Ath.Mitt. 56.124 (Smyrna); σωθῆναι κακῶν E.Or.779.--Both constructions may be combined, σ. τινὰ ἐκ πολέμοιο νῆας ἔπι Il.17.452; ἐκ π. μετὰ νῆας 12.123; ἐξ Αἰγίνης δεῦρο Pl.Grg.511d. 4 c. acc. et dat. pers., save for another, υἷά τινι Od.4.765; ἡμῖν τὸν βίον Pl.Prt.356e, etc.:— Pass., σῴζεταί τί τινι Ar.Pax1022, X.An.7.7.56. 5 c. inf., [σπονδαὶ] αἵ σε σῴζουσιν θανεῖν which save thee from dying, E.Ph.600 (troch.). 6 c. part., σῴζεσθαι φεύγοντες by flight, X.Cyr.3.3.51. 7 abs., τὰ σώσοντα what is likely to save, D.6.5; ἡ σῴζουσα [ψῆφος] Luc.Harm.3. b σώζων, ὁ, Saviour, of a god, JRS14.28 (Iconium); epith. of Apollo, CR19.368 (Sizma). c σῴζουσα, ἡ, = ἀρτεμισία, Ps.-Dsc.3.113.
French (Bailly abrégé)
f. σώσω, ao. ἔσωσα, qqf ἔσῳσα, pf. σέσωκα;
Pass. ao. ἐσώθην, pf. σέσῳσμαι ou σέσωμαι;
conserver sain et sauf, d’où
1 mettre à l’abri d’un danger, préserver ou tirer d’un danger, sauver : τινα ou τι qqn ou qch ; σ. υἷά τινι OD sauver le fils de qqn ; τινα ἔκ τινος ou ἀπό τινος, ou simpl. τινος tirer qqn de qqe danger ; avec un gén. de pers. ἐχθρῶν Καδμείαν χθόνα SOPH délivrer la terre de Cadmos de ses ennemis ; ἡ σῴζουσα (ψῆφος) LUC suffrage qui sauve, qui acquitte ; ‒ Pass. être sauvé, se sauver, échapper au danger, être sain et sauf ; en parl. de malades être rétabli, se tirer d’affaire ; fig. être sauvé moralement, être amendé ; être en vie, continuer de vivre, exister ; avec un n. de chose comme suj. πόλις σῴζεται ESCHL la cité est sauvée;
2 ne pas tuer, laisser vivre, épargner;
3 ne pas perdre, conserver : σ. σπέρμα πυρός OD conserver des charbons allumés sous la cendre ; σ. φάρμακον SOPH conserver, tenir en réserve un poison ; τὰ ἑαυτῶν XÉN conserver son bien ; πόλιν HDT conserver ou sauver la cité ; τὰ πράγματα THC maintenir les affaires en bonne situation ; σῷζε τὸν παρόντα νοῦν ESCHL garde cette opinion, reste fidèle à cette opinion ; avec double rég. σ. τὰς πόλεις Φαρναβάζῳ XÉN conserver les villes à Pharnabaze, faire qu’elles ne lui fassent pas défection;
4 conserver avec soi, garder dans sa mémoire : λόγον ESCHL un discours ; conserver en gén. : τὸ ἄπραγμον οὐ σῴζεται THC le repos ne peut pas subsister ; avec un rég. de mouv. ramener sain et sauf : τινα πόλινδε IL qqn à la ville ; ἐς ὅμιλον IL dans l’assemblée ; ἐς οἴκους SOPH dans sa maison ; Pass. σῴζεσθαι ἐς οἶκον HDT, οἴκαδε XÉN revenir sain et sauf dans sa maison, dans sa patrie;
5 observer : τοὺς νόμους SOPH les lois ; ἐφετμὰς χρηστηρίους ESCHL les ordres de l’oracle;
Moy. σῴζομαι;
1 conserver pour soi, acc.;
2 conserver dans son esprit, dans son souvenir, acc..
Étymologie: σῶος.
English (Abbott-Smith)
σώζω (on the more accurate σῴζω, v. WH, Intr., §410; Bl., §3, 1-3), [in LXX chiefly for ישׁע hi., also for מלט ni., נצל ni., etc.;]
to save from peril, injury or suffering: Mt 8:25, Mk 13:20, Lk 23:35, al.; τ. ψυχήν, Mt 16:25, al.; seq. ἐκ, Jo 12:27, He 5:7, Ju 5; of healing, restoring to health: Mt 9:22, Mk 5:34, al. In NT, esp. of salvation from spiritual disease and death, in which sense it is "spoken of in Scripture as either (1) past, (2) present, or (3) future, according as redemption, grace, or glory is the point in view. Thus (1) Ro 8:24, Eph 2:5, 8 II Ti 1:9, Tit 3:5; (2) Ac 2:47, I Co 1:18, 15:2, II Co 2:15; (3) Mt 10:22, Ro 13:11, Phl 2:12, He 9:28" (Vau. on Ro 5:9). Seq. ἀπό, Mt 1:21, Ac 2:40, Ro 5:9; ἐκ, Ja 5:20, Ju 23 (cf. Cremer, 532ff.).