plebs

Latin > English

plebs plebis N F :: common people, commons, general citizens, plebeians; lower class/ranks; mob/mass

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

plebs: (in inscriptions often PLEPS), -bis, and archaic plēbēs (‡ plēbis), is and ĕi (plebium, Prud. στεφ. 10, 709:
I plebibus, Aug. Ep. 166), f. root ple-, fill; whence Gr. πίμπλημι, πλήρης; cf. πλῆ θος, multitude.
I Lit., the common people, the commons or commonalty, the plebeians (opp. the patricians, senators, and knights; whereas populus signifies the collective people, including, therefore, the Senate), Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 10: plebes in hoc regi antistat loco, licet Lacrumare plebi, regi honeste non licet, Enn. ap. Hier. Epit. Nep. p. 590 Mign. (Trag. v. 271 Vahl.): plebs a populo eo differt quo species a genere: nam appellatione populi universi cives significantur, connumeratis etiam patriciis et senatoribus: plebis autem appellatione sine patribus et senatu ceteri cives significantur, Just. Inst. 1, 2, 4; cf. Gai. Inst. 1, 3: plebes dominandi studio permota a patribus secessit, Sall. C. 33, 3: ita tribuni plebei creati duo, Liv. 2, 33, 2: dum decem tribunos plebi faceret, id. 3, 65, 4: non enim populi, sed plebis eum (sc.: tribunum plebis) magistratum esse, Liv. 2, 56: populo plebique Romanae, Cic. Mur. 1, 1: in duas partes ego civitatem divisam arbitror in patres, et plebem, Sall. Or. ad Caes. 2, 5; Liv. 2, 56: Martia Roma triplex equitatu, plebe, senatu, Aus. Idyll. 11, 78.—
II Transf., in gen.
   A The great mass, the multitude: in Hyrcaniā, plebs publicos alit canes, optimates domesticos, Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108: plebem et infimam multitudinem delinire, id. Mil. 35, 95.—
   B With accessory notion of contempt, the populace, the lower class or order, the mass (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): multitudo de plebe, Liv. 5, 39: si quadringentis sex septem millia desunt, Plebs eris, you shall be plebeian, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 59: misera, id. S. 1, 8, 10: ventosa, id. Ep. 1, 19, 37: immensa nimiaque, Juv. 11, 194.—Among the gods: plebs Superūm, Fauni, Satyrique, Laresque, Fluminaque, et Nymphae, Semideūmque genus, Ov. Ib. 81.—Of bees, a stock, swarm, hive (meaning the great mass, opp. to the queen); in plur. (rare): tres alveorum plebes, Col. 9, 11, 1: corona plebium, Prud. στεφ. 10, 709.—
   C The whole people, nation, community, = populus (late Lat.), Vulg. Gen. 23, 13: plebs tua Israel, id. Luc. 2, 32 et saep.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

plēbs,⁶ bis, f.,
1 la plèbe, les plébéiens [oppos. aux patriciens] : Cic. Leg. 3, 10
2 rare le bas peuple, le menu peuple, les classes inférieures, la populace, le vulgaire : Cic. Mil. 95 ; Hor. S. 1, 8, 10 ; Juv. 11, 194 ; superum [gén. pl.] Ov. Ib. 81, les demi-dieux || [en parl. des abeilles] foule, essaim : pl., Col. Rust. 9, 11, 1 || v. plebes.

Latin > German (Georges)

plēbs, plēbis, f. (plēre, πληθος), die Volksmenge, dah. I) der Bürgerstand, die Bürgerlichen, das Volk, die Plebejer (Ggstz. patricii, patres, senatus, während populus auch diese umfaßt), Cic.: dictator de plebe dictus, Liv.: consulem de plebe non accipiebat, Cic.: Plur., Apul. de dogm. Plat. 2, 24. Augustin. epist. 105, 1: urbanae et rusticae plebes, Lact. de mort. pers. 23, 2: corona plebium, Prud. perist. 10, 709. – II) übtr., der große Haufe, die Menge, das Volk, die geringere (arme) Klasse, die Armen (Ggstz. divites), verächtl. der Pöbel (Ggstz. optimates), Cic. u.a.: verb. plebs et infima multitudo, Cic. – plebs eris, du bleibst Pöbel, Hor. – plebs deorum, die niedere Götterschar, Ov. u. Mart.: u. so plebs superûm, Fauni Satyrique etc., Ov.: legentium plebs, die gewöhnlichen Leser, Macr. – tres alveorum plebes in unum contribuere, drei Stöcke vereinigen, Colum. 9, 11, 1. – / In Inschr. sehr oft pleps, zB. Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 34 u. 53; 3, 2920; 5, 331 u. ö.

Latin > Chinese

plebs, ebis. f. :: 庶民。市井人。平民。— Superum 諸次等之神。— eris 汝將列庶民。