ἄσθμα: Difference between revisions

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Ἐσθλῷ γὰρ ἀνδρὶ τἆσθλὰ καὶ διδοῖ θεός → Bonis hominibus quid nisi bona det deus? → Dem edlen Mann gibt Gott auch das, was edel ist

Menander, Monostichoi, 141
m (Text replacement - "<b class="b2">([\w]+)<\/b>" to "$1")
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|Transliteration C=asthma
|Transliteration C=asthma
|Beta Code=a)/sqma
|Beta Code=a)/sqma
|Definition=ατος, τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">short-drawn breath, panting</b>, ἄσθμα καὶ ἱδρώς <span class="bibl">Il. 15.241</span>; <b class="b3">ἀργαλέῳ ἄσθματι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">10</span>; ὑπ' ἄσθματος κενοί <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>484</span>; ἄσθματι στρευγόμενος <span class="bibl">Tim.<span class="title">Pers.</span>93</span>; ὑπὸ ἄσθματος ἀδυνατεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 568d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">556d</span>; as symptom of anger, Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.27 W.; <b class="b2">death-rattle</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.74</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Medic., [[asthma]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>3.22</span>(pl.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">breath, breathing</b>, <span class="bibl">Mosch.3.53</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>11.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Philum.<span class="title">Ven.</span>36.3</span>; [[blast]], ἀρκτῴοις ἄσθμασι <span class="title">AP</span>9.677 (Agath.); ἄ. φλογός <span class="bibl">Coluth.179</span>; κεραυνοῦ <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>1.2</span>. (On the accent v. Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.522</span>.)</span>
|Definition=ατος, τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">short-drawn breath, panting</b>, ἄσθμα καὶ ἱδρώς <span class="bibl">Il. 15.241</span>; <b class="b3">ἀργαλέῳ ἄσθματι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">10</span>; ὑπ' ἄσθματος κενοί <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>484</span>; ἄσθματι στρευγόμενος <span class="bibl">Tim.<span class="title">Pers.</span>93</span>; ὑπὸ ἄσθματος ἀδυνατεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 568d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">556d</span>; as symptom of anger, Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.27 W.; <b class="b2">death-rattle</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.74</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Medic., [[asthma]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>3.22</span>(pl.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[breath]], [[breathing]], <span class="bibl">Mosch.3.53</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>11.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Philum.<span class="title">Ven.</span>36.3</span>; [[blast]], ἀρκτῴοις ἄσθμασι <span class="title">AP</span>9.677 (Agath.); ἄ. φλογός <span class="bibl">Coluth.179</span>; κεραυνοῦ <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>1.2</span>. (On the accent v. Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.522</span>.)</span>
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Revision as of 09:15, 30 June 2020

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ἄσθμα Medium diacritics: ἄσθμα Low diacritics: άσθμα Capitals: ΑΣΘΜΑ
Transliteration A: ásthma Transliteration B: asthma Transliteration C: asthma Beta Code: a)/sqma

English (LSJ)

ατος, τό,

   A short-drawn breath, panting, ἄσθμα καὶ ἱδρώς Il. 15.241; ἀργαλέῳ ἄσθματι ib.10; ὑπ' ἄσθματος κενοί A.Pers.484; ἄσθματι στρευγόμενος Tim.Pers.93; ὑπὸ ἄσθματος ἀδυνατεῖν Pl.R. 568d, cf. 556d; as symptom of anger, Phld.Ir.p.27 W.; death-rattle, Pi.N.10.74.    II Medic., asthma, Hp.Aph.3.22(pl.), etc.    III breath, breathing, Mosch.3.53, Luc.DDeor.11.2, Philum.Ven.36.3; blast, ἀρκτῴοις ἄσθμασι AP9.677 (Agath.); ἄ. φλογός Coluth.179; κεραυνοῦ Nonn.D.1.2. (On the accent v. Hdn.Gr.1.522.)

Greek Monolingual

το (AM ἄσθμα και ἆσθμα)
ιατρ. η ασθένεια, το άσθμα
αρχ.-μσν.
1. η πνοή, η αναπνοή
2. η ισχυρή πνοή, το δυνατό φύσημα (ζώου ή του ανέμου)
αρχ.
1. το λαχάνιασμα
2. ο επιθανάτιος ρόγχος.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Πιθ. άσθμα < άνσθμα, που ανάγεται στην ΙΕ. ρίζα an()- «φυσώ, πνέω» του τ. άνεμος. Η λ. σχηματίζεται με το ινδοευρωπαϊκό επίθημα -, το οποίο στην Ελληνική συχνά εμφανίζεται παρεκτεταμένο μ' ένα οδοντικό (πρβλ. ίθμα), ενώ το -σ- του τ. παραμένει ανεξήγητο (πρβλ. ισθμός). Επίσης αμφισβητείται η ποσότητα του α- που παραδίδεται και ως μακρό.
ΠΑΡ. ασθμαίνω, ασθματικός, ασθματώδης].

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: short-drawn breath, panting, as medic. term asthma (Il.).
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: Unclear. -θμα is known as a suffix (cf. ἴ-θμα), but derivation from h₂enh₁- breathe in ἄνεμος seems impossible: it would give ἀνε- (also as the result of zero grade *h₂nh₁-). For the -σ- cf. ἰ-σθμός. Chantr. gives the difficult comment: "dans le cas de ἄσθμα le σ donne une certaine valeur d'harmonie imitative." If he means that it is onomatopoetic, this could be supposed for the (whole) root ἀσ-.

Frisk Etymology German

ἄσθμα: {ásthma}
Grammar: n.
Meaning: schweres, kurzes Atmen, Keuchen, als mediz. Terminus Asthma (ion. poet. seit Il.).
Derivative: Davon das von den Medizinern gebrauchte Adj. ἀσθματικός, vereinzelt ἀσθματίας, ἀσθματώδης; ferner das Denominativum ἀσθμαίνω schwer atmen, keuchen (seit Il.); daneben die späte Bildung ἀσθμάζω (AB); unsicher ἀσθμάομαι (Pap., vgl. Kapsomenakis Voruntersuchungen 26 A. 4), wovon immerhin ἄσθμησις (Gloss.).
Etymology : Die Bildung von ἄσθμα ist im einzelnen etwas unklar. Jedenfalls ist es eine θμα-Ableitung (vgl. ἴθμα usw.), wahrscheinlich von an(ə)- atmen in ἄνεμος (s. d.). In der so gewonnenen Grundform *ἄνσθμα (vgl. die Literatur bei Schwyzer 337) bleibt das -σ- noch zu rechtfertigen; vgl. indessen ἰσθμός; ähnlich lat. hālāre hauchen, falls nach geläufiger Auffassung aus *an-slā- (denominativ). — Ältere Erklärungen bei Bq.
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