ὀφρῦς: Difference between revisions
Βίος κέκληται δ' ὡς βίᾳ πορίζεται → Vi quia paratur vita, vita dicitur → Weil's auf gewaltsamem Streben beruht, heißt's Lebensgut
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|Definition=ύος, ἡ, acc. <b class="b3">ὀφρῦν</b>, in late Poets <b class="b3">ὀφρύα</b>, <span class="title">AP</span>12.186 (Strat.), <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>4.405</span>, <span class="bibl">Q.S.4.361</span>: acc. pl. <b class="b3">ὀφρύας</b> (in the fourth foot) <span class="bibl">Od.9.389</span>; but <b class="b3">ὀφρῦς</b> (before caesura) <span class="bibl">Il.16.740</span>, and so in Att. (v. infr.). [ῡ in nom. and acc., which are accented <b class="b3">ὀφρῦς, -ῦν</b> by Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.937</span>: the accentuation <b class="b3">ὀφρύς, ὀφρύν</b> may be admitted in late writers: compds. have ῠ<b class="b3">, εὔοφρυς, λεύκοφρυς</b>, etc.] (Cf. Skt. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> [[bhrūs]], gen. [[bhruvas]], Slav. [[brǔvǐ]], OE. [[brú]] 'brow'.):— | |Definition=ύος, ἡ, acc. <b class="b3">ὀφρῦν</b>, in late Poets <b class="b3">ὀφρύα</b>, <span class="title">AP</span>12.186 (Strat.), <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>4.405</span>, <span class="bibl">Q.S.4.361</span>: acc. pl. <b class="b3">ὀφρύας</b> (in the fourth foot) <span class="bibl">Od.9.389</span>; but <b class="b3">ὀφρῦς</b> (before caesura) <span class="bibl">Il.16.740</span>, and so in Att. (v. infr.). [ῡ in nom. and acc., which are accented <b class="b3">ὀφρῦς, -ῦν</b> by Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.937</span>: the accentuation <b class="b3">ὀφρύς, ὀφρύν</b> may be admitted in late writers: compds. have ῠ<b class="b3">, εὔοφρυς, λεύκοφρυς</b>, etc.] (Cf. Skt. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> [[bhrūs]], gen. [[bhruvas]], Slav. [[brǔvǐ]], OE. [[brú]] 'brow'.):—[[brow]], [[eyebrow]], τὸν . . ὑπ' ὀφρύος οὖτα <span class="bibl">Il.14.493</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ὀ. ἡ δεξιά, ἡ ἀριστερά</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>671b32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>878b28</span>: elsewh. in pl., ὑπ' ὀφρύσι δάκρυα λεῖβον <span class="bibl">Il.13.88</span>, al.; ὑπ' ὀ. πῦρ ἀμάρυσσεν <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>827</span>, etc.: freq. of signs, <b class="b3">ἐπ' ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">ἐπένευσε ὀφρύσι</b>, <b class="b2">nodded assent</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.528</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἡ δ' ἄρ' ἐπ' ὀ. νεῦσε</b> [[nodded]] to him to do a thing, <span class="bibl">Od.16.164</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνὰ δ' ὀφρύσι νεῦον ἑκάστῳ</b> <b class="b2">made a sign</b> not to do, <span class="bibl">9.468</span>; ὀφρύσι νευστάζων <span class="bibl">12.194</span>: in various phrases expressing emotions, <b class="b3">τὰς ὀ. ἀνασπᾶν</b>, in token of grief, τὰς ὀφρῦς ἀνεσπακώς, ὥσπερ τι δεινὸν ἀγγελῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>1069</span>; ἀνασπάσας τις τὰς ὀφρῦς οἴμοι λαλεῖ <span class="bibl">Men.556.3</span>; of pride (cf. [[ὀφρυόομαι]]), <span class="bibl">D.19.314</span>; οἱ τὰς ὀφρῦς αἴροντες <span class="bibl">Men.39</span>; ὀφρῦν ἐπαίρειν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1040</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Amphis 13</span>; τὰς ὀ. ἔχειν ἐπάνω τῆς κορυφῆς <span class="bibl">Alex.16.6</span>; ὑπὲρ αὐτοὺς κροτάφους ὑπεραίρειν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>54</span>; ὀφρῦς ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>925</span>; ὀφρῦν ἐφέλκεσθαι <span class="title">AP</span>7.440.6 (Leon., interpol.?); <b class="b3">ἐρύσσαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.215</span> (Agath.); ἀνελκταῖς ὀφρύσι σεμνός <span class="bibl">Cratin.355</span>: contrariwise, <b class="b3">τὰς ὀφρῦς συνάγειν</b> knit <b class="b2">the brows, frown</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>582</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>756</span>, etc.; τὰς ὀ. συνέλκειν <span class="bibl">Antiph.307</span>; συσπᾶν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Vit.Auct.</span>7</span>; κατεσπακώς <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.3</span>: on the other hand, <b class="b3">καταβαλεῖν, λῦσαι, μεθεῖναι τὰς ὀ</b>. or <b class="b3">τὴν ὀ</b>., let down or unknit <b class="b2">the brow</b>, become calm or cheerful again, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>167</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>290</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IA</span>648</span>; ὀ. μὴ καθειμένη Zeno Stoic.1.58; σχάζεσθαι τὰς ὀ. <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.32</span>; καθέσθαι Plu. 2.1062f: the brow was also the seat of smiles and joy, ἀγανᾷ χλοαρὸν γελάσσαις ὀφρύϊ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>358</span>; or gravity, στυγνὸν ὀφρύων νέφος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>[172]</span>; ὁρᾶτε ὡς σπουδαῖαι μὲν αὐτοῦ αἱ ὀφρύες <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>8.3</span>; on their physiognomical character, v. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>491b14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phgn.</span> 812b26</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ὀφρῦς</b> alone, [[scorn]], [[pride]], AP7.409 (Antip.), 9.43 (Parmen.), <span class="bibl">10.122</span> (Lucill.), etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> from like ness of shape, <b class="b2">brow of</b> <b class="b2">a hill, crag</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.20.151</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.106</span>; [[embankment]], ὀ. ἀπότομος <span class="bibl">Plb. 36.8.3</span>; <b class="b2">overhanging bank</b> of a river, <span class="bibl">Id.2.33.7</span>, etc.; ἐπ' ὀφρύων ποταμοῦ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.68.9</span> (i A. D.); of the sea, <span class="bibl">A.R.1.178</span>, etc.; of a ditch, <span class="bibl">Str.5.3.7</span> (cf. [[ὀφρύη]]); of the [[rim]] of joint-cavities, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span> 1.15</span>, al.; of the woodwork enclosing the bore of a torsion-engine, <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>57.7</span>: in Archit., [[architrave]], Procop.Gaz.<span class="bibl">p.157</span> B. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> a plant, <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>26.164</span>.</span> | ||
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{{StrongGR | {{StrongGR |
Revision as of 10:02, 30 June 2020
English (LSJ)
ύος, ἡ, acc. ὀφρῦν, in late Poets ὀφρύα, AP12.186 (Strat.), Opp.C.4.405, Q.S.4.361: acc. pl. ὀφρύας (in the fourth foot) Od.9.389; but ὀφρῦς (before caesura) Il.16.740, and so in Att. (v. infr.). [ῡ in nom. and acc., which are accented ὀφρῦς, -ῦν by Hdn.Gr.2.937: the accentuation ὀφρύς, ὀφρύν may be admitted in late writers: compds. have ῠ, εὔοφρυς, λεύκοφρυς, etc.] (Cf. Skt.
A bhrūs, gen. bhruvas, Slav. brǔvǐ, OE. brú 'brow'.):—brow, eyebrow, τὸν . . ὑπ' ὀφρύος οὖτα Il.14.493; ἡ ὀ. ἡ δεξιά, ἡ ἀριστερά, Arist.PA671b32, cf. Pr.878b28: elsewh. in pl., ὑπ' ὀφρύσι δάκρυα λεῖβον Il.13.88, al.; ὑπ' ὀ. πῦρ ἀμάρυσσεν Hes. Th.827, etc.: freq. of signs, ἐπ' ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων, i.e. ἐπένευσε ὀφρύσι, nodded assent, Il.1.528, etc.; ἡ δ' ἄρ' ἐπ' ὀ. νεῦσε nodded to him to do a thing, Od.16.164; ἀνὰ δ' ὀφρύσι νεῦον ἑκάστῳ made a sign not to do, 9.468; ὀφρύσι νευστάζων 12.194: in various phrases expressing emotions, τὰς ὀ. ἀνασπᾶν, in token of grief, τὰς ὀφρῦς ἀνεσπακώς, ὥσπερ τι δεινὸν ἀγγελῶν Ar.Ach.1069; ἀνασπάσας τις τὰς ὀφρῦς οἴμοι λαλεῖ Men.556.3; of pride (cf. ὀφρυόομαι), D.19.314; οἱ τὰς ὀφρῦς αἴροντες Men.39; ὀφρῦν ἐπαίρειν E.Fr.1040, cf. Amphis 13; τὰς ὀ. ἔχειν ἐπάνω τῆς κορυφῆς Alex.16.6; ὑπὲρ αὐτοὺς κροτάφους ὑπεραίρειν Luc.Am.54; ὀφρῦς ἔχειν Ar.Ra.925; ὀφρῦν ἐφέλκεσθαι AP7.440.6 (Leon., interpol.?); ἐρύσσαι ib.5.215 (Agath.); ἀνελκταῖς ὀφρύσι σεμνός Cratin.355: contrariwise, τὰς ὀφρῦς συνάγειν knit the brows, frown, Ar.Nu.582, Pl.756, etc.; τὰς ὀ. συνέλκειν Antiph.307; συσπᾶν Luc.Vit.Auct.7; κατεσπακώς Alciphr.3.3: on the other hand, καταβαλεῖν, λῦσαι, μεθεῖναι τὰς ὀ. or τὴν ὀ., let down or unknit the brow, become calm or cheerful again, E.Cyc.167, Hipp.290, IA648; ὀ. μὴ καθειμένη Zeno Stoic.1.58; σχάζεσθαι τὰς ὀ. Pl.Com.32; καθέσθαι Plu. 2.1062f: the brow was also the seat of smiles and joy, ἀγανᾷ χλοαρὸν γελάσσαις ὀφρύϊ Pi.P.9.38, cf. h.Cer.358; or gravity, στυγνὸν ὀφρύων νέφος E.Hipp.[172]; ὁρᾶτε ὡς σπουδαῖαι μὲν αὐτοῦ αἱ ὀφρύες X.Smp.8.3; on their physiognomical character, v. Arist.HA491b14, Phgn. 812b26. 2 ὀφρῦς alone, scorn, pride, AP7.409 (Antip.), 9.43 (Parmen.), 10.122 (Lucill.), etc. II from like ness of shape, brow of a hill, crag, Il.20.151, Pi.O.13.106; embankment, ὀ. ἀπότομος Plb. 36.8.3; overhanging bank of a river, Id.2.33.7, etc.; ἐπ' ὀφρύων ποταμοῦ PAmh.2.68.9 (i A. D.); of the sea, A.R.1.178, etc.; of a ditch, Str.5.3.7 (cf. ὀφρύη); of the rim of joint-cavities, Gal.UP 1.15, al.; of the woodwork enclosing the bore of a torsion-engine, Ph.Bel.57.7: in Archit., architrave, Procop.Gaz.p.157 B. III a plant, Plin.HN26.164.
English (Strong)
perhaps from ὀπτάνομαι (through the idea of the shading or proximity to the organ of vision); the eye-"brow" or forehead, i.e. (figuratively) the brink of a precipice: brow.
Greek Monotonic
ὀφρῦς: [ῡ], ἡ, γεν. -ύος [ῠ], αιτ. ὀφρύν, πληθ. ὀφρύας, συνηρ. ὀφρῦς,
I. 1. φρύδι, τριχώδες δέρμα πάνω από τα μάτια, Λατ. supercilium, κυρίως στον πληθ., φρύδια, σε Όμηρ.· ἐπ' ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων, δηλ. έγνεψε καταφατικά με τα φρύδια, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· ἀνὰδ' ὀφρύσι νεῦσεν ἑκάστῳ, τους έκανε ένα νεύμα αποτροπής, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· χρησιμ. για να δηλώσει λύπη, περιφρόνηση, υπερηφάνεια: τὰς ὀφρῦς ἀνασπᾶν, σε Αριστοφ.· ὀφρῦς ἐπαίρειν, σε Ευρ. κ.λπ.· τὰς ὀφρῦς συνάγειν, σουφρώνω τα φρύδια μου, συνοφρυώνομαι, σε Αριστοφ.· επίσης, καταβάλλειν, λύειν, μεθιέναι τὰς ὀφρῦς, αφήνω τα φρύδια μου να επανέλθουν στη θέση τους, χαλαρώνω τα φρύδια μου, σε Ευρ.
2. το ὀφρὺς μόνο του, όπως το Λατ. supercilium, περιφρόνηση, υπερηφάνια, αλαζονεία, σε Ανθ.
II. το χείλος προς τον γκρεμό ενός λόφου, απόκρημνος βράχος, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ. κ.λπ.
Frisk Etymological English
-ύος
Grammatical information: f., most plur.
Meaning: the eyebrows, metaph. elevated edge, brow of a hill (Il.; details on the inflection Schwyzer 571 β).
Compounds: As 2. member a.o. in σύν-οφρυς with grown together eyebrows (Arist.).
Derivatives: ὀφρύ-διον n. dimin. (H. s. ἐπισκύνιον, Theognost.), NGr. (ὀ)φρύδι; ὀφρύη, -α elevation (Hdt., Argos) like ἰχθύ-η, -α a.o. (Schwyzer 463); -όεις situated on an edge, terraced (Χ 411; Bowra JHSt. 80, 18f.), -ώδης protrusive (Gal.). Denom. verbs: 1. ὀφρυ-όομαι to be haughty (Timo, Luc.) with -ωσις f. elevation, edge (Paul. Aeg.), older συν-οφρυόομαι to knit ones brows (S., E.); κατ- ὀφρῦς in κατωφρυωμένος to be provided with brows (Philestr. VA, Luc.); 2. -άζω to beckon with the eyebrows, also as expression of pride (Amips. Com. V--IVa); 3. -άω to be hilly (Str.); 4. ὀφρυγνᾳ̃ ὁμοίως (i.e. = -άζει). Βοιωτοί H. (unclear; after ὀριγνάομαι? doubting Schwyzer 695 n. 2).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [172] cf. 142 *h₃bhreuH- eyebrow
Etymology: Old name of the eyebrows, except for the ὀ- identical with Skt. bhrū́-h, acc. bhrúv-am f.: IE *h₃bhruH́-s f.; thus from Celt. a. Germ. OIr. for-bru acc. pl., OS brū. Several enlargements: OCS brъv-ь, Lith. brùv-ė, -ìs, OWNo. brū-n, MPers. brū-k, Toch. B pärw-ā-ne (du.); also with dental in Av. brvat̃-byąm dat. pl. f., MIr. brūad gen. du. and in ἀβροῦτες ὀφρῦς. Μακεδόνες H. (Kretschmer Einleitung 287 w. n. 1 instead improbable (?) ἀβροῦϜες). -- Here also OHG brāwa f. eyebrew, wint-prāwa eyelash, which belongs with OS brāha id. to OE bræw m. eyebrew, OWNo. brā f. eyelash (more in WP. 2, 169, Pok. 142). Combinations to be rejected by Specht Ursprung 83 a. 162. -- WP. 2, 206f., Pok. 172f., Mayrhofer s. bhrū́ḥ, Fraenkel s. briaunà (quite doubtful), Vasmer s. brovь (w. lit. a. many details). Older lit. also in Bq. The nom. was *h₃bhreuH-s, (gen. *h₃bhruH-os), which explains the OHG form etc.
Frisk Etymology German
ὀφρῦς: -ύος
{ophrũs}
Grammar: f., meist im Plur.
Meaning: die Augenbrauen, übertr. erhöhter Rand, Hügelrand (seit Il.; Einzelheiten zur Flexion Schwyzer 571 β).
Composita : Als Hinterglied u.a. in σύνοφρυς mit zusammengewachsenen Brauen (Arist. u.a.).
Derivative: Davon ὀφρύδιον n. Demin. (H. s. ἐπισκύνιον, Theognost.), ngr. (ὀ)φρύδι; ὀφρύη, -α Erhöhung (Hdt., Argos u.a.) wie ἰχθύη, -α u.a. (Schwyzer 463); -όεις am Rand gelegen, terrassiert (Χ 411 u.a.; Bowra JHSt. 80, 18f.), -ώδης vorspringend (Gal. u.a.). Denom. Verba: 1. ὀφρυόομαι hochmütig sein (Timo, Luk. u.a.) mit -ωσις f. Erhöhung, Rand (Paul. Aeg.), älter συνοφρυόομαι die Brauen zusammenziehen (S., E. u.a.); κατ- ~ in κατωφρυωμένος mit Brauen versehen sein (Philestr. VA, Luk.); 2. -άζω mit den Brauen winken, auch als Ausdruck des Hochmuts (Amips. Kom. V—IVa u.a.); 3. -άω hügelig sein (Str.); 4. ὀφρυγνᾷ· ὁμοίως (d.h. = -άζει). Βοιωτοί H. (unklar; nach ὀριγνάομαι? fragend Schwyzer 695 A. 2).
Etymology : Alte Benennung der Augenbrauen, bis auf das anlaut. ὀ- (worüber Schwyzer 411 f.) mit aind. bhrū́-h, Akk. bhrúv-am f. identisch : idg. *bhrū́-s f.; ebenso aus dem Kelt. u. Germ. air. for-bru Akk. pl., ags. brū. Verschiedene Erweiterungen: aksl. brъv-ь, lit. brùv-ė, -ìs, awno. brū-n, mpers. brū-k, toch. B pärw-ā-ne (Du.); auch mit Dental in aw. brvat̃-byąm Dat. pl. f., mir. brūad Gen. du. und in ἀβροῦτες· ὀφρῦς. Μακεδόνες H. (Kretschmer Einleitung 287 m. A. 1 dafür unwahrscheinlich ἀβροῦϝες). — Fern bleibt ahd. brāwa f. Braue, wint-prāwa Wimper, das mit asächs. brāha ib. zu ags. brǣw m. Augenlid, awno. brā f. Wimper gehört (weiteres bei WP. 2, 169, Pok. 142). Abzulehnende Kombinationen bei Specht Ursprung 83 u. 162. — WP. 2, 206f., Pok. 172f., Mayrhofer s. bhrū́ḥ, Fraenkel s. briaunà (ganz fraglich), Vasmer s. brovь (m. Lit. u. vielen Einzelheiten). Ältere Lit. auch bei Bq.
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Chinese
原文音譯:ÑfrÚj 哦弗呂士
詞類次數:名詞(1)
原文字根:眉
字義溯源:眼眉^,懸崖邊緣,崖;或出自(ὀπτάνομαι)*=注視)
出現次數:總共(1);路(1)
譯字彙編:
1) 崖(1) 路4:29