λάτρον: Difference between revisions
Ἔπαινον ἕξεις, ἂν κρατῇς, ὧν δεῖ κρατεῖν → Laus est, si, quibus est imperandum, tu imperes → Lob hast du, wenn du herrschst, worüber zu herrschen gilt
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[payment]], [[hire]] (A. Supp. 1011), = <b class="b3">μισθός</b> (Suid., EM).<br />Derivatives: Beside it, prob. as deriv. (Schwyzer 462 A. 3), <b class="b3">λάτρις</b>, <b class="b3">-ιος</b> m. f. [[hired servant]], [[handmaid]] (Thgn., S., E.); <b class="b3">λάτριος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a hired servant or to the payment etc.</b> (Pi., Man.); <b class="b3">λατρεύω</b>, El. <b class="b3">-είω</b> <b class="b2">serve (for hire), serve a god (with prayer a. sacrifice)</b> (Sol., Olympia VIa, trag., Isoc., X.) with <b class="b3">λατρεία</b> (trag., Pl., LXX, Ep. Rom. u. a.), <b class="b3">λατρεύματα</b> pl. (S., E.) <b class="b2">service, s. of gods</b>, <b class="b3">λατρευ-τός</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">-τικός</b> (Ptol.) <b class="b2">belonging to a servant, servile</b>; <b class="b3">λατρεύς</b> [[servant]] (Lyc.; from <b class="b3">λατρεύω</b> or <b class="b3">λάτρον</b>, Boßhardt 66), <b class="b3">λατρώδης</b> [[servile]] (Vett. Val.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: As (north) west Greek word <b class="b3">λάτρον</b> etc. was not only foreign to the Aeolians and Ionians, but orig. also in Athens (v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. 389, Bechtel Dial. 1, 207, E. Kretschmer Glotta 17, 79). There is no convincing IE connection. Usually <b class="b3">λά-τρον</b> (on the formation Chantraine Form. 331) is considered as the zero grade parallel of some words occurring in Germ., Balt.-Slav., Indo-Iran., which all go back on a full grade IE <b class="b2">*lē(i</b>)-'provide, possession' (WP. 2, 394, Pok. 665). This is, however, impossible as a root <b class="b2">*le-</b> = <b class="b2">*leh₁-</b> would not give <b class="b3">λα-</b> in Greek. Skt. <b class="b2">rātí-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">rāiti-</b> | |etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[payment]], [[hire]] (A. Supp. 1011), = <b class="b3">μισθός</b> (Suid., EM).<br />Derivatives: Beside it, prob. as deriv. (Schwyzer 462 A. 3), <b class="b3">λάτρις</b>, <b class="b3">-ιος</b> m. f. [[hired servant]], [[handmaid]] (Thgn., S., E.); <b class="b3">λάτριος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a hired servant or to the payment etc.</b> (Pi., Man.); <b class="b3">λατρεύω</b>, El. <b class="b3">-είω</b> <b class="b2">serve (for hire), serve a god (with prayer a. sacrifice)</b> (Sol., Olympia VIa, trag., Isoc., X.) with <b class="b3">λατρεία</b> (trag., Pl., LXX, Ep. Rom. u. a.), <b class="b3">λατρεύματα</b> pl. (S., E.) <b class="b2">service, s. of gods</b>, <b class="b3">λατρευ-τός</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">-τικός</b> (Ptol.) <b class="b2">belonging to a servant, servile</b>; <b class="b3">λατρεύς</b> [[servant]] (Lyc.; from <b class="b3">λατρεύω</b> or <b class="b3">λάτρον</b>, Boßhardt 66), <b class="b3">λατρώδης</b> [[servile]] (Vett. Val.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: As (north) west Greek word <b class="b3">λάτρον</b> etc. was not only foreign to the Aeolians and Ionians, but orig. also in Athens (v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. 389, Bechtel Dial. 1, 207, E. Kretschmer Glotta 17, 79). There is no convincing IE connection. Usually <b class="b3">λά-τρον</b> (on the formation Chantraine Form. 331) is considered as the zero grade parallel of some words occurring in Germ., Balt.-Slav., Indo-Iran., which all go back on a full grade IE <b class="b2">*lē(i</b>)-'provide, possession' (WP. 2, 394, Pok. 665). This is, however, impossible as a root <b class="b2">*le-</b> = <b class="b2">*leh₁-</b> would not give <b class="b3">λα-</b> in Greek. Skt. <b class="b2">rātí-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">rāiti-</b> [[prepared to give]], f. [[liberality]], [[gift]]; the Indo-Ir. words are uncertain because of the <b class="b2">r-</b>; the whole combination rests on a weak foundation. So we can be rather sure that the word is of Pre-Greek origin. - From hell. <b class="b3">*λάτρων</b> Lat. [[latrō]] [[hired soldier]] (Leumann Sprache 1, 207). | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj |
Revision as of 10:40, 1 July 2020
English (LSJ)
τό,
A pay, hire (λ.· ὁ μισθός, Suid., EM557.35), λάτρων ἄτερθεν without charge or payment, A. Supp.1011.
German (Pape)
[Seite 19] τό, Arbeitslohn, Sold, Aesch. Suppl. 989, wo λατρῶν accentuirt ist; Callim. frg. 238.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
λάτρον: τό, πληρωμή, μισθός, λάτρων ἄτερθε, ἄνευ πληρωμῆς, Αἰσχύλ. Ἱκέτ. 1011· ― λάτρον ὁ μισθὸς Σουΐδ., Ἐτυμολ. Μέγ. 557. 35.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ου (τό) :
salaire, rémunération.
Étymologie: DELG ?
Greek Monolingual
λάτρον, τὸ (Α)
μισθός εργασίας, πληρωμή.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Ο τ. λάτρον εμφανίζει επίθημα -τρον (πρβλ. σήμαν-τρον). Η σύνδεση με γερμαν. βαλτοσλαβ. και ινδοϊρανικές λ. (πρβλ. γοτθ. le?) «γαιοκτησία», αρχ. σλαβ. lětb, ρωσ. letb «επιτρέπεται, είναι ελεύθερο», λιθουαν. lieta «όφελος, συμφέρον», αρχ. ινδ. rāti, αβεστ. rāiti- «δίνω πρόθυμα, γενναιοδωρία») προσκρούει σε σημασιολογικές και μορφολογικές δυσχέρειες].
Greek Monotonic
λάτρον: τό, πληρωμή, μισθός, σε Αισχύλ., στον πληθ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
λάτρον: τό плата за службу, (вообще) вознаграждение, плата: λάτρων ἄτερθεν Aesch. безвозмездно.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: payment, hire (A. Supp. 1011), = μισθός (Suid., EM).
Derivatives: Beside it, prob. as deriv. (Schwyzer 462 A. 3), λάτρις, -ιος m. f. hired servant, handmaid (Thgn., S., E.); λάτριος belonging to a hired servant or to the payment etc. (Pi., Man.); λατρεύω, El. -είω serve (for hire), serve a god (with prayer a. sacrifice) (Sol., Olympia VIa, trag., Isoc., X.) with λατρεία (trag., Pl., LXX, Ep. Rom. u. a.), λατρεύματα pl. (S., E.) service, s. of gods, λατρευ-τός (LXX), -τικός (Ptol.) belonging to a servant, servile; λατρεύς servant (Lyc.; from λατρεύω or λάτρον, Boßhardt 66), λατρώδης servile (Vett. Val.).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: As (north) west Greek word λάτρον etc. was not only foreign to the Aeolians and Ionians, but orig. also in Athens (v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. 389, Bechtel Dial. 1, 207, E. Kretschmer Glotta 17, 79). There is no convincing IE connection. Usually λά-τρον (on the formation Chantraine Form. 331) is considered as the zero grade parallel of some words occurring in Germ., Balt.-Slav., Indo-Iran., which all go back on a full grade IE *lē(i)-'provide, possession' (WP. 2, 394, Pok. 665). This is, however, impossible as a root *le- = *leh₁- would not give λα- in Greek. Skt. rātí-, Av. rāiti- prepared to give, f. liberality, gift; the Indo-Ir. words are uncertain because of the r-; the whole combination rests on a weak foundation. So we can be rather sure that the word is of Pre-Greek origin. - From hell. *λάτρων Lat. latrō hired soldier (Leumann Sprache 1, 207).
Middle Liddell
λάτρον, ου, τό,
pay, hire, Aesch. in pl.
Frisk Etymology German
λάτρον: {látron}
Grammar: n.
Meaning: Bezahlung, Vergütung (A. Supp. 1011), = μισθός (Suid., EM).
Derivative: Daneben, wohl als Ableitung (Schwyzer 462 A. 3), λάτρις, -ιος m. f. ‘Lohnarbeiter(in), Dienstmädchen’ (Thgn., S., E. usw); λάτριος ‘zum Lohnarbeiter od. zur Bezahlung gehörig’ (Pi., Man.); λατρεύω, el. -είω ‘(um Lohn) dienen, einem Gott (mit Gebet u. Opfer) dienen’ (Sol., Olympia VIa, Trag., Isok., X. usw.) mit λατρεία (Trag., Pl., LXX, Ep. Rom. u. a.), λατρεύματα pl. (S., E.) Dienst, Gottesdienst, λατρευτός (LXX), -τικός (Ptol.) ‘zum Diener ge- hörig, dienstwillig’; λατρεύς Lohndiener (Lyk.; von λατρεύω od. λάτρον, Boßhardt 66), λατρώδης dienstwillig (Vett. Val.).
Etymology : Als (nord) westgriechisches Wort war λάτρον u. Verw. nicht nur den Aeolern und Ioniern, sondern urspr. auch in Athen fremd (v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. 389, Bechtel Dial. 1, 207, E. Kretschmer Glotta 17, 79). Eine überzeugende idg. Anknüpfung fehlt. Gewöhnlich wird λάτρον (zur Bildung Chantraine Form. 331) als schwundstufiges Seitenstück zu einigen im Germ., Balt.-Slav., Indo-Iran. vorkommenden Wörtern betrachtet, die alle auf ein hochstufiges idg. lē(i)-’gewähren, Besitz’, Med. erwerben, gewinnen, urspr. ‘(über-)- lassen’ zurückgehen sollen (WP. 2, 394, Pok. 665, W. -Hofmann s. latrō nach Fick, Persson u.a.): germ., z.B. got. *leþ n. Grundbesitz (= awno. lāð n. ib.) in un-lēþs arm; slav., z. B. aksl. lětь, russ. letь es ist erlaubt, steht frei, balt. z. B. lit. líeta Nutzen, Vorteil, Ding, Angelegenheit, aind. rātí-, aw. rāiti- willig zu geben, f. Freigebigkeit, Gabe. Von diesen Wörtern scheidet lit. líeta unmittelbar aus (s. Fraenkel Wb. s. v. m. Lit.); slav. lětь gehört wohl zunächst zu lit. lė̃tas langsam, ruhig, zurückhaltend (Vasmer s. letь, Fraenkel s. lė́nas), das sich zwar mit gelassen vertragen läßt, aber von der Bed. gewähren, erwerben weit entfernt ist; die indoir. Wörter sind wegen des r- überhaupt mehrdeutig; die ganze Kombination ruht somit auf einer gebrechlichen Grundlage. — Aus hell. *λάτρων lat. latrō Mietsoldat, Söldner (Leumann Sprache 1, 207).
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