gravitas: Difference between revisions
ἀναγκαιότεραι μὲν οὖν πᾶσαι ταύτης, ἀμείνων δ᾽ οὐδεμία → accordingly, although all other sciences are more necessary than this, none is more excellent (Aristotle, Metaphysics A 983a10)
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|lshtext=<b>grăvĭtas</b>: ātis, f. [[gravis]],<br /><b>I</b> [[weight]], [[heaviness]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., in gen.: omnibus ejus (terrae) partibus in [[medium]] vergentibus [[nihil]] interrumpat, quo labefactari possit tanta [[contentio]] gravitatis et ponderum, Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116; cf.: per [[inane]] moveri [[gravitate]] et pondere, id. Fat. 11, 24; Lucr. 3, 1054; cf. also: cuncta [[necesse]] est Aut [[gravitate]] sua ferri [[primordia]] rerum, Aut, etc., id. 2, 84: nostros [[propter]] gravitatem armorum, [[quod]], etc., Caes. B. G. 5, 16, 1: tum [[etiam]] [[gravitate]] et tarditate navium impediebantur, id. B. C. 1, 58, 3: ignava nequeunt [[gravitate]] moveri, Ov. M. 2, 821: me mea defendit [[gravitas]] (corresp. to [[moles]] and [[pondus]]), id. ib. 9, 39.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf.<br /> <b>1</b> Of [[smell]], [[rankness]], [[offensiveness]], fetidness: quorundam odorum suavitati [[gravitas]] inest, Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 37: a quibusdam vocatur [[cynozolon]] [[propter]] gravitatem odoris ([[shortly]] [[before]]: odore gravissimo), id. 22, 18, 21, § 47: animae, id. 20, 9, 35, § 91: [[halitus]], id. 30, 6, 15, § 44: oris, id. 28, 12, 51, § 190.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[bodily]] [[condition]], [[health]], [[severity]], [[vehemence]], [[violence]], unwholesomeness; [[heaviness]], [[dulness]], [[faintness]], [[sickness]]: corpore vix [[sustineo]] gravitatem hujus caeli, Cic. Att. 11, 22, 2: caeli aquarumque, Liv. 23, 34, 11: loci, id. 25, 26, 13: morbi, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76: [[pressus]] [[gravitate]] soporis, Ov. M. 15, 21; cf. id. ib. 11, 618: an [[quod]] corporis gravitatem et dolorem [[animo]] judicamus, animi morbum corpore non sentimus? [[painful]], [[diseased]] [[condition]], Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2 Kühn.; cf. membrorum, id. Fin. 4, 12, 31; and Lucr. 3, 478: capitis, Plin. 27, 12, 105, § 130: aurium, id. 20, 11, 44, § 115; cf. [[auditus]], id. 23, 4, 42, § 85: audiendi, id. 28, 11, 48, § 176: oris et dentium, id. 37, 10, 54, § 143.—<br /> <b>3</b> Pressure of [[price]], [[dearness]]: annonae, Tac. A. 6, 13; 11, 4.—<br /> <b>4</b> The [[burden]] of pregnancy: tendebat [[gravitas]] uterum mihi, Ov. M. 9, 287 (cf. [[onus]], id. ib. 10, 504). —<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In a [[bad]] [[sense]], [[heaviness]], [[slowness]], [[severity]]: gaudere [[gravitate]] linguae sonoque vocis agresti, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 42: injuria [[gravitate]] tutior est, [[severity]], [[cruelty]], Sall. Orat. Licin. (Hist. Fragm. 3, 22 Gerl.): fessi diuturnitate et [[gravitate]] belli, Liv. 31, 7, 3: crudelitatem [[quoque]] gravitati addidit, id. 24, 45, 13 Weissenb. —<br /> <b>B</b> In a [[good]] [[sense]], [[weight]], [[dignity]], [[importance]], [[seriousness]], [[gravity]] (syn.: [[magnitudo]], [[dignitas]], [[auctoritas]], [[pondus]]): hos cum [[Suevi]] [[propter]] amplitudinem gravitatemque civitatis finibus expellere non potuissent, [[importance]], i. e. [[power]], Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 4; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 32: omnium sententiarum [[gravitate]], omnium verborum ponderibus est utendum, [[importance]], [[weight]], id. de Or. 2, 17, 72; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 12, 34: [[genus]] hoc sermonum positum in hominum veterum auctoritate [[plus]] videtur habere gravitatis, id. Lael. 1, 4: quanta [[illa]], di immortales, fuit [[gravitas]]! quanta in oratione majestas! id. ib. 25, 96: [[tristitia]] et in omni re [[severitas]] habet [[illa]] [[quidem]] gravitatem, id. ib. 18, 66; cf.: erat in [[illo]] viro comitate condita [[gravitas]], id. de Sen. 4, 10: [[gravitate]] mixtus [[lepos]], id. Rep. 2, 1; cf. also id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1: illud me [[praeclare]] admones, cum illum videro, ne [[nimis]] [[indulgenter]] et ut cum [[gravitate]] [[potius]] loquar, id. Att. 9, 9, 2; 9, 19, 3; id. Fam. 5, 16, 5: de virtute et [[gravitate]] Caesaris, [[quam]] in summo dolore adhibuisset, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 3: personae gravitatem intuentes, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 49; cf.: ego has partes lenitatis et misericordiae [[semper]] egi [[libenter]]: illam [[vero]] gravitatis severitatisque personam non appetivi, id. Mur. 3, 6: haec genera dicendi in senibus gravitatem non habent, id. Brut. 95, 326; id. Rep. 1, 10 fin.: majestas [[quam]] [[vultus]] gravitasque oris [[prae]] se ferebat, Liv. 5, 41, 8: ([[senarius]]) [[quantum]] accipit celeritatis, [[tantum]] gravitatis amittit, Quint. 9, 4, 140. | |lshtext=<b>grăvĭtas</b>: ātis, f. [[gravis]],<br /><b>I</b> [[weight]], [[heaviness]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., in gen.: omnibus ejus (terrae) partibus in [[medium]] vergentibus [[nihil]] interrumpat, quo labefactari possit tanta [[contentio]] gravitatis et ponderum, Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116; cf.: per [[inane]] moveri [[gravitate]] et pondere, id. Fat. 11, 24; Lucr. 3, 1054; cf. also: cuncta [[necesse]] est Aut [[gravitate]] sua ferri [[primordia]] rerum, Aut, etc., id. 2, 84: nostros [[propter]] gravitatem armorum, [[quod]], etc., Caes. B. G. 5, 16, 1: tum [[etiam]] [[gravitate]] et tarditate navium impediebantur, id. B. C. 1, 58, 3: ignava nequeunt [[gravitate]] moveri, Ov. M. 2, 821: me mea defendit [[gravitas]] (corresp. to [[moles]] and [[pondus]]), id. ib. 9, 39.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf.<br /> <b>1</b> Of [[smell]], [[rankness]], [[offensiveness]], fetidness: quorundam odorum suavitati [[gravitas]] inest, Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 37: a quibusdam vocatur [[cynozolon]] [[propter]] gravitatem odoris ([[shortly]] [[before]]: odore gravissimo), id. 22, 18, 21, § 47: animae, id. 20, 9, 35, § 91: [[halitus]], id. 30, 6, 15, § 44: oris, id. 28, 12, 51, § 190.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[bodily]] [[condition]], [[health]], [[severity]], [[vehemence]], [[violence]], unwholesomeness; [[heaviness]], [[dulness]], [[faintness]], [[sickness]]: corpore vix [[sustineo]] gravitatem hujus caeli, Cic. Att. 11, 22, 2: caeli aquarumque, Liv. 23, 34, 11: loci, id. 25, 26, 13: morbi, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76: [[pressus]] [[gravitate]] soporis, Ov. M. 15, 21; cf. id. ib. 11, 618: an [[quod]] corporis gravitatem et dolorem [[animo]] judicamus, animi morbum corpore non sentimus? [[painful]], [[diseased]] [[condition]], Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2 Kühn.; cf. membrorum, id. Fin. 4, 12, 31; and Lucr. 3, 478: capitis, Plin. 27, 12, 105, § 130: aurium, id. 20, 11, 44, § 115; cf. [[auditus]], id. 23, 4, 42, § 85: audiendi, id. 28, 11, 48, § 176: oris et dentium, id. 37, 10, 54, § 143.—<br /> <b>3</b> Pressure of [[price]], [[dearness]]: annonae, Tac. A. 6, 13; 11, 4.—<br /> <b>4</b> The [[burden]] of pregnancy: tendebat [[gravitas]] uterum mihi, Ov. M. 9, 287 (cf. [[onus]], id. ib. 10, 504). —<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In a [[bad]] [[sense]], [[heaviness]], [[slowness]], [[severity]]: gaudere [[gravitate]] linguae sonoque vocis agresti, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 42: injuria [[gravitate]] tutior est, [[severity]], [[cruelty]], Sall. Orat. Licin. (Hist. Fragm. 3, 22 Gerl.): fessi diuturnitate et [[gravitate]] belli, Liv. 31, 7, 3: crudelitatem [[quoque]] gravitati addidit, id. 24, 45, 13 Weissenb. —<br /> <b>B</b> In a [[good]] [[sense]], [[weight]], [[dignity]], [[importance]], [[seriousness]], [[gravity]] (syn.: [[magnitudo]], [[dignitas]], [[auctoritas]], [[pondus]]): hos cum [[Suevi]] [[propter]] amplitudinem gravitatemque civitatis finibus expellere non potuissent, [[importance]], i. e. [[power]], Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 4; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 32: omnium sententiarum [[gravitate]], omnium verborum ponderibus est utendum, [[importance]], [[weight]], id. de Or. 2, 17, 72; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 12, 34: [[genus]] hoc sermonum positum in hominum veterum auctoritate [[plus]] videtur habere gravitatis, id. Lael. 1, 4: quanta [[illa]], di immortales, fuit [[gravitas]]! quanta in oratione majestas! id. ib. 25, 96: [[tristitia]] et in omni re [[severitas]] habet [[illa]] [[quidem]] gravitatem, id. ib. 18, 66; cf.: erat in [[illo]] viro comitate condita [[gravitas]], id. de Sen. 4, 10: [[gravitate]] mixtus [[lepos]], id. Rep. 2, 1; cf. also id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1: illud me [[praeclare]] admones, cum illum videro, ne [[nimis]] [[indulgenter]] et ut cum [[gravitate]] [[potius]] loquar, id. Att. 9, 9, 2; 9, 19, 3; id. Fam. 5, 16, 5: de virtute et [[gravitate]] Caesaris, [[quam]] in summo dolore adhibuisset, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 3: personae gravitatem intuentes, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 49; cf.: ego has partes lenitatis et misericordiae [[semper]] egi [[libenter]]: illam [[vero]] gravitatis severitatisque personam non appetivi, id. Mur. 3, 6: haec genera dicendi in senibus gravitatem non habent, id. Brut. 95, 326; id. Rep. 1, 10 fin.: majestas [[quam]] [[vultus]] gravitasque oris [[prae]] se ferebat, Liv. 5, 41, 8: ([[senarius]]) [[quantum]] accipit celeritatis, [[tantum]] gravitatis amittit, Quint. 9, 4, 140. | ||
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{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>grăvĭtās</b>,⁸ ātis, f., ([[gravis]]),<br /><b>1</b> pesanteur, lourdeur : armorum Cæs. G. 5, 16, 1 ; navium Cæs. C. 1, 58, 3, pesanteur des armes, des navires ; gravitate et pondere moveri Cic. Fato 24, se mouvoir sous l’effet de la pesanteur et du poids [atomes], cf. Cic. Nat. 2, 93<br /><b>2</b> [fig.] <b> a)</b> importance, poids, force, vigueur : civitatis Cæs. G. 4, 3, 4, importance d’une cité ; sententiarum Cic. de Or. 3, 72, la force des pensées ; [[genus]] [[hoc]] sermonum [[plus]] videtur habere gravitatis Cic. Læl. 4, ce genre d’entretien paraît avoir [[plus]] de poids, cf. Cic. Leg. 3, 40 ; [[acrior]] verborum Cic. Off. 1, 136, une énergie [[plus]] accentuée dans les paroles ; cf. Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2 ; morbi Cic. Nat. 3, 76, force (violence) d’une maladie ; <b> b)</b> dignité, élévation, noblesse, solennité : personæ gravitatem intuentes Cic. Tusc. 2, 49, en considérant la grandeur du personnage ; verborum [[vel]] sententiarum Cic. Br. 35, noblesse de l’expression et des pensées ; <b> c)</b> fermeté et dignité de caractère : [[virtus]] et [[gravitas]] [[quam]] in [[summo]] dolore adhibuit Cic. Q. 3, 8, 3, le courage et la fermeté qu’il a montrés dans une douleur si cruelle, cf. Cic. Fl. 36 ; Nat. 1, 1 ; Ac. 3, 53 ; Att. 9, 19, 3 || gravité, dignité, sérieux : comitate condita [[gravitas]] Cic. CM 10, gravité relevée de bonne grâce ; gravitate [[mixtus]] [[lepos]] Cic. Rep. 2, 1, enjouement mêlé de gravité, cf. Cic. Br. 143 ; 158 ; <b> d)</b> dureté, rigueur : illam gravitatis severitatisque personam [[non]] appetivi Cic. Mur. 6, ce rôle de la rigueur et de la sévérité, je ne l’ai pas recherché ; <b> e)</b> élévation, cherté : annonæ Tac. Ann. 6, 13, cherté des vivres, [ou] difficulté d’approvisionnement, cf. Tac. Ann. 11, 4 ; <b> f)</b> force pénétrante d’une odeur : Plin. 21, 37 ; 22, 47 || fétidité de l’haleine : Plin. 20, 91 ; 30, 44 ; 28, 190 ; <b> g)</b> état malsain, insalubrité : cæli Cic. Att. 11, 22, 2 ; loci Cic. Att. 11, 21, 2, insalubrité d’un climat, d’un lieu, cf. Liv. 23, 34, 11 ; 25, 26, 13<br /><b>3</b> état de lourdeur, d’embarras ; incommodité, malaise : si in sensibus [[est]] [[aliqua]] [[gravitas]] Cic. Ac. 2, 53, s’il y a qq. pesanteur dans ses organes ; membrorum Cic. Fin. 4, 31 ; corporis Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, lourdeur des membres, malaise physique ; capitis Plin. 27, 130, pesanteur de tête ; aurium, audiendi Plin. 20, 115 ; 28, 176, dureté d’oreille ; [[gravitas]] [[senilis]] Ov. M. 7, 478, pesanteur de la vieillesse || linguæ Cic. de Or. 3, 42, lourdeur de la prononciation<br /><b>4</b> état de grossesse : Ov. M. 9, 287. | |||
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Revision as of 06:55, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
grăvĭtas: ātis, f. gravis,
I weight, heaviness.
I Lit., in gen.: omnibus ejus (terrae) partibus in medium vergentibus nihil interrumpat, quo labefactari possit tanta contentio gravitatis et ponderum, Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116; cf.: per inane moveri gravitate et pondere, id. Fat. 11, 24; Lucr. 3, 1054; cf. also: cuncta necesse est Aut gravitate sua ferri primordia rerum, Aut, etc., id. 2, 84: nostros propter gravitatem armorum, quod, etc., Caes. B. G. 5, 16, 1: tum etiam gravitate et tarditate navium impediebantur, id. B. C. 1, 58, 3: ignava nequeunt gravitate moveri, Ov. M. 2, 821: me mea defendit gravitas (corresp. to moles and pondus), id. ib. 9, 39.—
B Transf.
1 Of smell, rankness, offensiveness, fetidness: quorundam odorum suavitati gravitas inest, Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 37: a quibusdam vocatur cynozolon propter gravitatem odoris (shortly before: odore gravissimo), id. 22, 18, 21, § 47: animae, id. 20, 9, 35, § 91: halitus, id. 30, 6, 15, § 44: oris, id. 28, 12, 51, § 190.—
2 Of bodily condition, health, severity, vehemence, violence, unwholesomeness; heaviness, dulness, faintness, sickness: corpore vix sustineo gravitatem hujus caeli, Cic. Att. 11, 22, 2: caeli aquarumque, Liv. 23, 34, 11: loci, id. 25, 26, 13: morbi, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76: pressus gravitate soporis, Ov. M. 15, 21; cf. id. ib. 11, 618: an quod corporis gravitatem et dolorem animo judicamus, animi morbum corpore non sentimus? painful, diseased condition, Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2 Kühn.; cf. membrorum, id. Fin. 4, 12, 31; and Lucr. 3, 478: capitis, Plin. 27, 12, 105, § 130: aurium, id. 20, 11, 44, § 115; cf. auditus, id. 23, 4, 42, § 85: audiendi, id. 28, 11, 48, § 176: oris et dentium, id. 37, 10, 54, § 143.—
3 Pressure of price, dearness: annonae, Tac. A. 6, 13; 11, 4.—
4 The burden of pregnancy: tendebat gravitas uterum mihi, Ov. M. 9, 287 (cf. onus, id. ib. 10, 504). —
II Trop.
A In a bad sense, heaviness, slowness, severity: gaudere gravitate linguae sonoque vocis agresti, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 42: injuria gravitate tutior est, severity, cruelty, Sall. Orat. Licin. (Hist. Fragm. 3, 22 Gerl.): fessi diuturnitate et gravitate belli, Liv. 31, 7, 3: crudelitatem quoque gravitati addidit, id. 24, 45, 13 Weissenb. —
B In a good sense, weight, dignity, importance, seriousness, gravity (syn.: magnitudo, dignitas, auctoritas, pondus): hos cum Suevi propter amplitudinem gravitatemque civitatis finibus expellere non potuissent, importance, i. e. power, Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 4; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 32: omnium sententiarum gravitate, omnium verborum ponderibus est utendum, importance, weight, id. de Or. 2, 17, 72; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 12, 34: genus hoc sermonum positum in hominum veterum auctoritate plus videtur habere gravitatis, id. Lael. 1, 4: quanta illa, di immortales, fuit gravitas! quanta in oratione majestas! id. ib. 25, 96: tristitia et in omni re severitas habet illa quidem gravitatem, id. ib. 18, 66; cf.: erat in illo viro comitate condita gravitas, id. de Sen. 4, 10: gravitate mixtus lepos, id. Rep. 2, 1; cf. also id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1: illud me praeclare admones, cum illum videro, ne nimis indulgenter et ut cum gravitate potius loquar, id. Att. 9, 9, 2; 9, 19, 3; id. Fam. 5, 16, 5: de virtute et gravitate Caesaris, quam in summo dolore adhibuisset, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 3: personae gravitatem intuentes, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 49; cf.: ego has partes lenitatis et misericordiae semper egi libenter: illam vero gravitatis severitatisque personam non appetivi, id. Mur. 3, 6: haec genera dicendi in senibus gravitatem non habent, id. Brut. 95, 326; id. Rep. 1, 10 fin.: majestas quam vultus gravitasque oris prae se ferebat, Liv. 5, 41, 8: (senarius) quantum accipit celeritatis, tantum gravitatis amittit, Quint. 9, 4, 140.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
grăvĭtās,⁸ ātis, f., (gravis),
1 pesanteur, lourdeur : armorum Cæs. G. 5, 16, 1 ; navium Cæs. C. 1, 58, 3, pesanteur des armes, des navires ; gravitate et pondere moveri Cic. Fato 24, se mouvoir sous l’effet de la pesanteur et du poids [atomes], cf. Cic. Nat. 2, 93
2 [fig.] a) importance, poids, force, vigueur : civitatis Cæs. G. 4, 3, 4, importance d’une cité ; sententiarum Cic. de Or. 3, 72, la force des pensées ; genus hoc sermonum plus videtur habere gravitatis Cic. Læl. 4, ce genre d’entretien paraît avoir plus de poids, cf. Cic. Leg. 3, 40 ; acrior verborum Cic. Off. 1, 136, une énergie plus accentuée dans les paroles ; cf. Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2 ; morbi Cic. Nat. 3, 76, force (violence) d’une maladie ; b) dignité, élévation, noblesse, solennité : personæ gravitatem intuentes Cic. Tusc. 2, 49, en considérant la grandeur du personnage ; verborum vel sententiarum Cic. Br. 35, noblesse de l’expression et des pensées ; c) fermeté et dignité de caractère : virtus et gravitas quam in summo dolore adhibuit Cic. Q. 3, 8, 3, le courage et la fermeté qu’il a montrés dans une douleur si cruelle, cf. Cic. Fl. 36 ; Nat. 1, 1 ; Ac. 3, 53 ; Att. 9, 19, 3
