νεῦρον: Difference between revisions

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χωρὶς ὑγιείας βίος ἄβιος ἐστίwithout health life is no-life, without health life is unlivable

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|Beta Code=neu=ron
|Beta Code=neu=ron
|Definition=τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">sinew, tendon</b>, once in Hom., in pl., of the <b class="b2">tendons</b> at the feet, περὶ δ' ἔγχεος αἰχμῇ νεῦρα διεσχίσθη <span class="bibl">Il.16.316</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span> 11</span>, etc.; τὰ ν. οἷα ἐπιτείνεσθαι καὶ ἀνίεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>98c</span>; <b class="b3">ν. ἐξ ἰνῶν [γίγνεται</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>82c</span>; <b class="b3">σάρκες καὶ ν</b>. ibid.; σύγκειταί μου τὸ σῶμα ἐξ ὀστῶν καὶ ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>98c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>515a27</span>, al.: used adjectivally, ib.<span class="bibl">540a18</span> (s.v.l.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> ν. ἔναιμον <b class="b2">vein</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Liqu.</span>2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ruf. <span class="title">Onom.</span>208</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., in pl., <b class="b2">nerves, sinews</b>, <b class="b3">τὰ ν. τῆς τραγῳδίας</b>, of the lyric odes, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>862</span>; ὑποτέτμηται τὰ ν. τῶν πραγμάτων <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.166</span>; ἕως ἐκτέμῃ ὥσπερ ν. ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>411b</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκτ. τὰ ν. [οἴνου</b>] Plu.2.692c; also <b class="b3">πόλις ἥτις μὴ νεῦρ' ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας</b> ἔχει <span class="bibl">D.19.283</span>: less freq. in sg., τὸ ν. ὑποκόπτοντες τῆς δυνάμεως <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span> 5.1.4</span>; χρήματα ν. πολέμου <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>4.99</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">cord made of sinew</b>, e. g. bowstring, <span class="bibl">Il.4.122</span>; string fastening the head of the arrow to the shaft, ib.<span class="bibl">151</span>; also δέρματα συρράπτειν νεύρῳ βοός <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>544</span>; <b class="b2">cord of a sling</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Q.S.11.112</span>; <b class="b2">bowstring</b>, <span class="bibl">Ach.Tat.3.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> = [[νευρά]] <span class="bibl">3</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.4.56.3</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>107</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">string</b> of a lyre, <span class="title">AP</span>9.584.9, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMar.</span>1.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> in pl., <b class="b2">fibres</b> of plants, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span> 280c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">nerves</b>, as organs of sensation, first in Erasistr. ap. Gal.5.602; <b class="b3">ν. πρακτικά, αἰσθητικά</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Ruf.<span class="title">Onom.</span>211</span>; <b class="b3">ν. κινητικά, προαιρετικά</b>, Gal.2.613, 739; ν. ἀκουστικόν <span class="bibl">Alex.Aphr.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1.71</span>, cf. Gal.2.831, <span class="bibl">Plot.4.3.23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">penis</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.173.19</span>, Gal.8.442. (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">snā´van-</b>, Avest. <b class="b2">snāvar[schwa]</b>, 'sinew', 'bond'.)</span>
|Definition=τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">sinew, tendon</b>, once in Hom., in pl., of the <b class="b2">tendons</b> at the feet, περὶ δ' ἔγχεος αἰχμῇ νεῦρα διεσχίσθη <span class="bibl">Il.16.316</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span> 11</span>, etc.; τὰ ν. οἷα ἐπιτείνεσθαι καὶ ἀνίεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>98c</span>; <b class="b3">ν. ἐξ ἰνῶν [γίγνεται</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>82c</span>; <b class="b3">σάρκες καὶ ν</b>. ibid.; σύγκειταί μου τὸ σῶμα ἐξ ὀστῶν καὶ ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>98c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>515a27</span>, al.: used adjectivally, ib.<span class="bibl">540a18</span> (s.v.l.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> ν. ἔναιμον <b class="b2">vein</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Liqu.</span>2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ruf. <span class="title">Onom.</span>208</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., in pl., <b class="b2">nerves, sinews</b>, <b class="b3">τὰ ν. τῆς τραγῳδίας</b>, of the lyric odes, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>862</span>; ὑποτέτμηται τὰ ν. τῶν πραγμάτων <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.166</span>; ἕως ἐκτέμῃ ὥσπερ ν. ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>411b</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκτ. τὰ ν. [οἴνου</b>] Plu.2.692c; also <b class="b3">πόλις ἥτις μὴ νεῦρ' ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας</b> ἔχει <span class="bibl">D.19.283</span>: less freq. in sg., τὸ ν. ὑποκόπτοντες τῆς δυνάμεως <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span> 5.1.4</span>; χρήματα ν. πολέμου <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>4.99</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">cord made of sinew</b>, e. g. bowstring, <span class="bibl">Il.4.122</span>; string fastening the head of the arrow to the shaft, ib.<span class="bibl">151</span>; also δέρματα συρράπτειν νεύρῳ βοός <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>544</span>; <b class="b2">cord of a sling</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Q.S.11.112</span>; <b class="b2">bowstring</b>, <span class="bibl">Ach.Tat.3.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> = [[νευρά]] <span class="bibl">3</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.4.56.3</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>107</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">string</b> of a lyre, <span class="title">AP</span>9.584.9, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMar.</span>1.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> in pl., <b class="b2">fibres</b> of plants, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span> 280c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">nerves</b>, as organs of sensation, first in Erasistr. ap. Gal.5.602; <b class="b3">ν. πρακτικά, αἰσθητικά</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Ruf.<span class="title">Onom.</span>211</span>; <b class="b3">ν. κινητικά, προαιρετικά</b>, Gal.2.613, 739; ν. ἀκουστικόν <span class="bibl">Alex.Aphr.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1.71</span>, cf. Gal.2.831, <span class="bibl">Plot.4.3.23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">penis</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.173.19</span>, Gal.8.442. (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">snā´van-</b>, Avest. <b class="b2">snāvar[schwa]</b>, 'sinew', 'bond'.)</span>
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|lstext='''νεῦρον''': τό, (ἴδε ἐν τέλ.)· Ι. τὸ «[[νεῦρον]]», ἡ λευκὴ καὶ στιλπνὴ [[ἄκρα]] τοῦ μυός, δι’ ἧς [[οὗτος]] προσκολλᾶται εἰς τὸ [[ὀστοῦν]], ἐπί τε ζῴων καὶ ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπων (παρὰ τοῖς [[μετέπειτα]] συγγραφεῦσι [[τένων]], [[τόνος]], καὶ παρὰ τοῖς μεταγεν. Ἰατρ. [[ἀπονεύρωσις]])· ἐπὶ τῆς σημασίας ταύτης παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ μόνον [[ἅπαξ]], ἐν τῷ πληθ., ἐπὶ τῶν τενόντων τῶν ποδῶν, περὶ δ’ ἔγχεος αἰχμῇ [[νεῦρα]] διεσχίσθη Ἰλ. Π. 316· [[συχνάκις]] παρ’ Ἱππ. καὶ Ἀττ.: τὰ [[νεῦρα]] οἷα ἐπιτείνεσθαι καὶ ἐφίεσθαι [τὰ ὀστᾶ] Πλάτ. Φαίδων 98D· ν. ἐξ ἰνῶν [γίγνεται] ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Τιμ. 82C· σάρκες καὶ ν. [[αὐτόθι]]· ξύγκειταί μοι τὸ [[σῶμα]] ἐξ ὀστῶν καὶ ν. ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Φαίδωνι 98C· [[συχνάκις]] παρ’ Ἀριστ.· (π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 5. 2, 9 κεῖται ἐπιθετικῶς, ἀλλ’ [[ἴσως]] ἡ ἀληθὴς γραφὴ [[εἶναι]] νεύρινον, ὅμοιον πρὸς [[νεῦρον]]): ― [[ὡσαύτως]], [[νεῦρον]] ἔναιμον, [[φλέψ]], Ἱππ. 425. 48. 2) μεταφορ. ἐν τῷ πληθ., «[[νεῦρα]]», [[ῥώμη]], [[ἰσχύς]], [[δύναμις]], [[δραστηριότης]], τὰ [[νεῦρα]] τῆς τραγῳδίας, ἐπὶ τῶν λυρικῶν ᾠδῶν, Ἀριστοφ. Βάτρ. 862· ὑποτέτμηται τὰ [[νεῦρα]] τῶν πραγμάτων Αἰσχίν. 77. 27· [[οὕτως]], ἐκτέμνειν [[ὥσπερ]] τὰ [[νεῦρα]] ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς Πλάτ. Πολ. 411B· ἐκτέμνειν τὰ [[νεῦρα]] [οἴνου] Πλούτ. 2. 692C· πρβλ. [[ἐκνευρίζω]]· [[ὡσαύτως]], [[νεῦρα]] ἔχειν Δημ. 432. 10· πρβλ. ἴς. ΙΙ. χορδὴ ἢ [[σχοινίον]] ἐκ νεύρων κατεσκευασμένον, νεῦρόν τε καὶ ὄγκους, «[[νεῦρον]] μὲν ἐν ᾧ δέδεται τὸ [[σίδηρον]] τοῦ βέλους πρὸς τὸν κάλαμον, ὄγκους δὲ τὰς ἀκίδας καὶ ἐξοχὰς τοῦ βέλους» (Σχόλ.), Ἰλ. Δ. 151· οὕτω, δέρματα συρράπτειν νεύρῳ βοὸς Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 542· ἡ χορδὴ σφενδόνης, Ξεν. Ἀν. 3. 4, 17, πρβλ. Κόϊντ. Σμ. 11. 112· ― [[ὡσαύτως]], ἡ χορδὴ τόξου, ὡς τὸ [[νευρά]], γλυφίδας τε λαβὼν καὶ [[νεῦρα]] βόεια, πιάσας [[ὁμοῦ]] τὰς παρὰ τοῖς πτεροῖς ἐντομὰς τοῦ βέλους καὶ τὴν νευράν, Ἰλ. Δ. 122, Πολύβ. 4. 56, 3, Ἀππ. Μιθρ. 107, Νόνν., κλ.· ― ἡ χορδὴ λύρας, Ἀνθ. Π. 9. 584, Λουκ. Ἐνάλ. Διάλ. 1. 4. ΙΙΙ. ἐπὶ τῶν ἰνῶν τῶν φυτῶν, Πλάτ. Πολιτικ. 280C. IV. ἐπὶ τῶν νεύρων, [[ἤτοι]] τῶν ὀργάνων τῆς αἰσθήσεως ἐκπορευομένων ἐκ τοῦ ἐγκεφάλου, ἡ [[χρῆσις]] οὐχὶ πρὸ τῶν χρόνων τοῦ Γαληνοῦ. V. ὡς τὸ Λατ. nervus = penis, τὸ [[πέος]], [[τρίγλη]] οὐκ ἐθέλει νεύρων περιήρανος [[εἶναι]], παρθένου γὰρ Ἀρτέμιδος ἔφυ καὶ στύματα μισεῖ Πλάτ. Κωμικ. ἐν «Φάωνι» 1. 20. (Πρὸς τὰς λ. νευρά, νεῦρον, πρβλ. Λατ. ner-vus, nerv-iae (ἐξ ἐντέρων χορδαί), nerv-osus· ― ἀλλ’ ἡ [[ῥίζα]] φαίνεται ἦτο snar, πρβλ. Ἀρχ. Γερμ. snar-a, snar-ahha, snu-or (snare), καὶ πιθαν. Σανσκρ. snâ-yus, snâ-sâ (tendo, nervus), Ζενδ. śna (tendo)).
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Revision as of 10:28, 5 August 2017

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Full diacritics: νεῦρον Medium diacritics: νεῦρον Low diacritics: νεύρον Capitals: ΝΕΥΡΟΝ
Transliteration A: neûron Transliteration B: neuron Transliteration C: neyron Beta Code: neu=ron

English (LSJ)

τό,

   A sinew, tendon, once in Hom., in pl., of the tendons at the feet, περὶ δ' ἔγχεος αἰχμῇ νεῦρα διεσχίσθη Il.16.316, cf. Hp.Art. 11, etc.; τὰ ν. οἷα ἐπιτείνεσθαι καὶ ἀνίεσθαι Pl.Phd.98c; ν. ἐξ ἰνῶν [γίγνεται] Id.Ti.82c; σάρκες καὶ ν. ibid.; σύγκειταί μου τὸ σῶμα ἐξ ὀστῶν καὶ ν. Id.Phd.98c, cf. Arist.HA515a27, al.: used adjectivally, ib.540a18 (s.v.l.).    b ν. ἔναιμον vein, Hp.Liqu.2, cf. Ruf. Onom.208.    2 metaph., in pl., nerves, sinews, τὰ ν. τῆς τραγῳδίας, of the lyric odes, Ar.Ra.862; ὑποτέτμηται τὰ ν. τῶν πραγμάτων Aeschin.3.166; ἕως ἐκτέμῃ ὥσπερ ν. ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς Pl.R.411b; ἐκτ. τὰ ν. [οἴνου] Plu.2.692c; also πόλις ἥτις μὴ νεῦρ' ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας ἔχει D.19.283: less freq. in sg., τὸ ν. ὑποκόπτοντες τῆς δυνάμεως J.BJ 5.1.4; χρήματα ν. πολέμου App.BC4.99.    II cord made of sinew, e. g. bowstring, Il.4.122; string fastening the head of the arrow to the shaft, ib.151; also δέρματα συρράπτειν νεύρῳ βοός Hes.Op.544; cord of a sling, X.An.3.4.17, Q.S.11.112; bowstring, Ach.Tat.3.8.    2 = νευρά 3, Plb.4.56.3, App.Mith.107.    3 string of a lyre, AP9.584.9, Luc.DMar.1.4.    III in pl., fibres of plants, Pl.Plt. 280c.    IV nerves, as organs of sensation, first in Erasistr. ap. Gal.5.602; ν. πρακτικά, αἰσθητικά, etc., Ruf.Onom.211; ν. κινητικά, προαιρετικά, Gal.2.613, 739; ν. ἀκουστικόν Alex.Aphr.Pr.1.71, cf. Gal.2.831, Plot.4.3.23.    V penis, Pl.Com.173.19, Gal.8.442. (Cf. Skt. snā´van-, Avest. snāvar[schwa], 'sinew', 'bond'.)

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

νεῦρον: τό, (ἴδε ἐν τέλ.)· Ι. τὸ «νεῦρον», ἡ λευκὴ καὶ στιλπνὴ ἄκρα τοῦ μυός, δι’ ἧς οὗτος προσκολλᾶται εἰς τὸ ὀστοῦν, ἐπί τε ζῴων καὶ ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπων (παρὰ τοῖς μετέπειτα συγγραφεῦσι τένων, τόνος, καὶ παρὰ τοῖς μεταγεν. Ἰατρ. ἀπονεύρωσις)· ἐπὶ τῆς σημασίας ταύτης παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ μόνον ἅπαξ, ἐν τῷ πληθ., ἐπὶ τῶν τενόντων τῶν ποδῶν, περὶ δ’ ἔγχεος αἰχμῇ νεῦρα διεσχίσθη Ἰλ. Π. 316· συχνάκις παρ’ Ἱππ. καὶ Ἀττ.: τὰ νεῦρα οἷα ἐπιτείνεσθαι καὶ ἐφίεσθαι [τὰ ὀστᾶ] Πλάτ. Φαίδων 98D· ν. ἐξ ἰνῶν [γίγνεται] ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Τιμ. 82C· σάρκες καὶ ν. αὐτόθι· ξύγκειταί μοι τὸ σῶμα ἐξ ὀστῶν καὶ ν. ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Φαίδωνι 98C· συχνάκις παρ’ Ἀριστ.· (π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 5. 2, 9 κεῖται ἐπιθετικῶς, ἀλλ’ ἴσως ἡ ἀληθὴς γραφὴ εἶναι νεύρινον, ὅμοιον πρὸς νεῦρον): ― ὡσαύτως, νεῦρον ἔναιμον, φλέψ, Ἱππ. 425. 48. 2) μεταφορ. ἐν τῷ πληθ., «νεῦρα», ῥώμη, ἰσχύς, δύναμις, δραστηριότης, τὰ νεῦρα τῆς τραγῳδίας, ἐπὶ τῶν λυρικῶν ᾠδῶν, Ἀριστοφ. Βάτρ. 862· ὑποτέτμηται τὰ νεῦρα τῶν πραγμάτων Αἰσχίν. 77. 27· οὕτως, ἐκτέμνειν ὥσπερ τὰ νεῦρα ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς Πλάτ. Πολ. 411B· ἐκτέμνειν τὰ νεῦρα [οἴνου] Πλούτ. 2. 692C· πρβλ. ἐκνευρίζω· ὡσαύτως, νεῦρα ἔχειν Δημ. 432. 10· πρβλ. ἴς. ΙΙ. χορδὴ ἢ σχοινίον ἐκ νεύρων κατεσκευασμένον, νεῦρόν τε καὶ ὄγκους, «νεῦρον μὲν ἐν ᾧ δέδεται τὸ σίδηρον τοῦ βέλους πρὸς τὸν κάλαμον, ὄγκους δὲ τὰς ἀκίδας καὶ ἐξοχὰς τοῦ βέλους» (Σχόλ.), Ἰλ. Δ. 151· οὕτω, δέρματα συρράπτειν νεύρῳ βοὸς Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 542· ἡ χορδὴ σφενδόνης, Ξεν. Ἀν. 3. 4, 17, πρβλ. Κόϊντ. Σμ. 11. 112· ― ὡσαύτως, ἡ χορδὴ τόξου, ὡς τὸ νευρά, γλυφίδας τε λαβὼν καὶ νεῦρα βόεια, πιάσας ὁμοῦ τὰς παρὰ τοῖς πτεροῖς ἐντομὰς τοῦ βέλους καὶ τὴν νευράν, Ἰλ. Δ. 122, Πολύβ. 4. 56, 3, Ἀππ. Μιθρ. 107, Νόνν., κλ.· ― ἡ χορδὴ λύρας, Ἀνθ. Π. 9. 584, Λουκ. Ἐνάλ. Διάλ. 1. 4. ΙΙΙ. ἐπὶ τῶν ἰνῶν τῶν φυτῶν, Πλάτ. Πολιτικ. 280C. IV. ἐπὶ τῶν νεύρων, ἤτοι τῶν ὀργάνων τῆς αἰσθήσεως ἐκπορευομένων ἐκ τοῦ ἐγκεφάλου, ἡ χρῆσις οὐχὶ πρὸ τῶν χρόνων τοῦ Γαληνοῦ. V. ὡς τὸ Λατ. nervus = penis, τὸ πέος, τρίγλη οὐκ ἐθέλει νεύρων περιήρανος εἶναι, παρθένου γὰρ Ἀρτέμιδος ἔφυ καὶ στύματα μισεῖ Πλάτ. Κωμικ. ἐν «Φάωνι» 1. 20. (Πρὸς τὰς λ. νευρά, νεῦρον, πρβλ. Λατ. ner-vus, nerv-iae (ἐξ ἐντέρων χορδαί), nerv-osus· ― ἀλλ’ ἡ ῥίζα φαίνεται ἦτο snar, πρβλ. Ἀρχ. Γερμ. snar-a, snar-ahha, snu-or (snare), καὶ πιθαν. Σανσκρ. snâ-yus, snâ-sâ (tendo, nervus), Ζενδ. śna (tendo)).