ὀφείλω: Difference between revisions
Περὶ τοῦ ἐπέκεινα τοῦ νοῦ κατὰ μὲν νόησιν πολλὰ λέγεται, θεωρεῖται δὲ ἀνοησίᾳ κρείττονι νοήσεως → On the subject of that which is beyond intellect, many statements are made on the basis of intellection, but it may be immediately cognised only by means of a non-intellection superior to intellection
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|Definition=impf. <b class="b3">ὤφειλον</b>; Ep. ὀφέλλω (also Aeol., <span class="title">IG</span>12(2).67.7 (Mytil.), and Arc., ib.<span class="bibl">5(2).343.27</span> (Orchom. Arc., iv B. C.)), impf. <b class="b3">ὤφελλον</b> or <b class="b3">ὄφελλον</b>, v. infr. II. <span class="bibl">2</span>, <span class="bibl">3</span> (the Att. or Ion. <b class="b3">ὀφείλετ', ὄφειλον</b> in <span class="bibl">Il.11.686</span>, <span class="bibl">688</span>, <span class="bibl">698</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>174</span> is prob. due to the Copyists): fut. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> ὀφειλήσω <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.28</span>, <span class="bibl">D.30.7</span>, also ὀφειλέσω <span class="title">TAM</span>2.431, al.: aor. 1 ὠφείλησα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>115</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.5</span> (ἐπ-): pf. <b class="b3">ὠφείληκα</b>: plpf. -ήκειν D.45. 33: aor. 2 <b class="b3">ὤφελον</b> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.2</span>, 3):—Pass., aor. part. ὀφειληθείς <span class="bibl">Th. 3.63</span>. (Cret. ὀφήλω <span class="title">GDI</span>5015.21, written ὀπέλο <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>10.20, al., Arc. ὀφέλλω (v. supr.) and ὀφήλω <span class="title">SIG</span>306.40 (Tegea, iv B. C.): in early Att. Inscrr. written both ὀφελ <b class="b2">-IG</b> 12.91.8, al., and <b class="b3">ὀφειλ-</b> ib.109.9, al.):—<b class="b2">owe, have to pay</b> or <b class="b2">account for</b>, τὸ καὶ μοιχάγρι' ὀφέλλει <span class="bibl">Od.8.332</span>; <b class="b3">ὅτι μοι . . ζωάγρι' ὀφέλλεις</b> ib.<span class="bibl">462</span>; χρεῖος, τό ῥά οἱ πᾶς δῆμος ὄφελλεν <span class="bibl">21.17</span>; πολέσιν γὰρ Ἐπειοὶ χρεῖος ὄφειλον <span class="bibl">Il.11.688</span>; ζημίην ὀ. τῷ θεῷ <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.52</span>, etc.: metaph., μητέρα μοι ζώουσαν ὀφέλλετε <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 126</span>; <b class="b3">τί ὀφείλω</b><b class="b2">;</b> what <b class="b2">do I owe?</b> <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>21</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. ἀργύριον, χρέα</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span> 115</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>117</span>; ὀ. ἢ θεῷ θυσίας ἢ ἀνθρώπῳ χρήματα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>331b</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. τινὶ δρᾶν τι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">332a</span>: c. dat. only, <b class="b3">ὀ. τινί</b> <b class="b2">to be debtor</b> to another, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 1135</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span>581</span>, etc.; τρίτον δὲ χαίρειν, εἶτ' ὀ. μηδενί <span class="bibl">Philem.163</span>: abs., <b class="b2">to be in debt</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>485</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ ὀφείλοντες</b> <b class="b2">debtors</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1167b21</span>, Plu.2.832a:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be due</b>, <b class="b3">ἔνθα χρεῖός μοι ὀφέλλεται</b> (v.l. [[ὀφείλεται]]) <span class="bibl">Od.3.367</span>; χρεῖος ὀφείλετο <span class="bibl">Il.11.686</span>, <span class="bibl">698</span>; ἢν . . ὀφείληταί τί μοι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>484</span>; μισθὸς τοῖς στρατιώταις ὠφείλετο <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.2.11</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὸ ὀφειλόμενον</b> <b class="b2">a debt</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">7.7.34</span>; -όμενα ἀποδιδόντες <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.99</span>, cf. Simon. ap. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>331e</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., ὀ. μέλος τινί <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).3</span>; πολλὰ δώμασιν καλά <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>287</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. χάριν</b>, v. [[χάρις]] <span class="bibl">1.2</span>; Ἀπόλλωνι χαριστήρια <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.28</span>; τὴν ψυχὴν πᾶσιν <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>10.5</span>:—Pass., ὀφείλεταί τινι ἐκ θεῶν κλέος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>315</span>; ὀ. τινὶ εὐεργεσία <span class="bibl">Th.1.137</span>; ἀντὶ χαρίτων ἔχθραι ὀ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.32</span>; τοῖς μὲν ἐχθροῖς βλάβην ὀ., τοῖς δὲ φίλοις ὠφελίαν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>335e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">332b</span>; <b class="b3">τοὐφειλόμενον πράσσουσα Δίκη</b> <b class="b2">what is due</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 310</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> as a legal term, <b class="b2">to be bound to render</b>, εὐθύνας ὤφειλον <span class="bibl">And. 1.73</span> codd. (f.l. for [[ὦφλον]]): hence, like [[ὀφλισκάνω]], <b class="b2">incur</b> a penalty, ζημίαν <span class="bibl">Lys.9.10</span>; διπλῆν τὴν βλάβην <span class="bibl">Id.1.32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>360</span>; τὴν τοιαύτην δίκην <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>909a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">774b</span>, <span class="bibl">774d</span>, <span class="bibl">844e</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.77</span>; ἁμαρτίαν ὀ. Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ <span class="title">IG</span>3.74.15 (ii/iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> in Pass., of persons, <b class="b2">to be due</b> or <b class="b2">liable to</b>, θανάτῳ πάντες ὀφειλόμεθα <span class="bibl">Simon.122</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Wi.</span>12.20</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>3.1381; but τοιαύταις χερσὶν ὀφειλόμεθα <b class="b2">our help is due</b>, AP9.283 (Crin.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">to be bound, to be obliged</b> to do, <b class="b3">ὀφέλλετε ταῦτα πένεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">ye are bound, ye ought to</b>... <span class="bibl">Il.19.200</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.41</span>,<span class="bibl">42</span>, al., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>682</span>, <span class="bibl">712</span>, etc.; and of things, <b class="b2">ought</b> to be, ὁ λόγος οὐκ ἀκριβῶς ὀ. λέγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1104a2</span>:—Pass., δράσαντι γάρ τοι καὶ παθεῖν ὀφείλεται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>456</span>; <b class="b3">σοὶ τοῦτ' ὀφείλεται παθεῖν</b> <b class="b2">it is</b> thy <b class="b2">destiny</b> to... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1421</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>1173</span>; ὡς πᾶσιν ἡμῖν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>419</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">782</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>1245</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.25.11</span>; v. supr.<span class="bibl">1.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in this signf. Ep. impf. <b class="b3">ὤφελλον</b> or <b class="b3">ὄφελλον</b> and aor. <b class="b3">ὤφελον</b> or <b class="b3">ὄφελον</b> are used of that which one has not, but <b class="b2">ought to have</b>, done (<b class="b2">ought</b> being the pret. of <b class="b2">owe</b>), ὤφελεν ἀθανάτοισιν εὔχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.546</span>; νῦν ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος <span class="bibl">10.117</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.4.472</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> these tenses are also used, folld. by pres. or aor. inf., in wishes that something were or had been in present or past, <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς . . ὤφελλον ἀμείνονος εἶναι ἄκοιτις</b> I <b class="b2">ought to</b> be... <b class="b2">would that</b> I were . . ! <span class="bibl">Il.6.350</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ὄφελ' ἐν νήεσσι κατακτάμεν Ἄρτεμις</b> <b class="b2">would that</b> Artemis had slain her !, <span class="bibl">Il.19.59</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.4.97</span>; τιμήν πέρ μοι ὄφελλεν Ὀλύμπιος ἐγγυαλίξαι <span class="bibl">Il.1.353</span>: freq. preceded by <b class="b3">εἴθε</b> (Ep. <b class="b3">αἴθε</b>) <b class="b3">, ὡς, ὡς δή</b>, which express the wish still more strongly, <b class="b3">αἴθ' ὄφελες ἄγονός τ' ἔμεναι ἄγαμός τ' ἀπολέσθαι</b> <b class="b2">O that thou hadst!</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.3.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.415</span>, etc.; αἴθ' ὤφελλες . . σημαίνειν <span class="bibl">14.84</span>; αἴθ' ὤφελλ' ὁ ξεῖνος . . ὀλέσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.18.401</span>; αἴθ' ἅμα πάντες . . ὠφέλετε . . ἐπὶ νηυσὶ πεφάσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.24.254</span>: with <b class="b3">ὡς, ὡς ὄφελον . . ἑλέσθαι</b> <b class="b2">O that I had . . !</b>, <span class="bibl">11.380</span>; θανέειν <span class="bibl">Od.14.274</span>; ὡς πρὶν ὤφελλον ὀλέσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.24.764</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.14.68</span>; ὡς ὤφελες αὐτόθ' ὀλέσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.3.428</span>; ὡς . . ὤφελες <span class="bibl">Od. 2.184</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς ὄφελεν</b> . . <span class="bibl">Il.3.173</span>, etc.: strengthd., <b class="b3">ὡς δὴ ἔγωγ' ὄφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">Od.1.217</span>: also with neg., <b class="b3">μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι</b> . . <b class="b2">would thou hadst</b> never . . !, <span class="bibl">Il.9.698</span>; ἣ μὴ ὤφελλε γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">17.686</span>; τὼ μὴ γείνασθαι ὄφελλον <span class="bibl">Od.8.312</span>; ὡς μὴ ὤφελλε τεκέσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.22.481</span>; ὡς δὴ μὴ ὄφελον νικᾶν <span class="bibl">Od.11.548</span>.—So in Trag. and Att., <b class="b3">ὤφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1157</span>; <b class="b3">ὤφελες</b> . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>865</span>; <b class="b3">ὤφελε</b> . . <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>48</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.1.4</span>, etc.: also, as in Ep., <b class="b3">εἴθ' ὤφελες</b> . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1021</span>; <b class="b3">εἴθ' ὤφελ'</b> . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>41</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">εἰ γὰρ ὤφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>380</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>432c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cri.</span>44d</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς ὤφελες</b> . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>955</span>: with neg., μήποτ' ὤφελον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>969</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>880</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">D.18.288</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς μήποτ' ὤφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>286</span>; ὡς μηδὲ νῦν ὤφελον <span class="bibl">D.21.78</span>: without augm. in Hdt., <b class="b3">εἶδον . . τὸ μὴ ἰδεῖν ὄφελον</b> (v.l. [[ὤ-]]) <span class="bibl">1.111</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.65</span>: sts. in Trag. (lyr. and anap.), <b class="b3">εἴθ' ὄφελε</b> . . <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>915</span>; <b class="b3">ὄφελε</b> . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 1192</span>; <b class="b3">μήποτ' ὄφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1413</span>. (In this signf. <b class="b3">ὤφειλον</b> is used in late Ep., ὡς μὴ ὤφειλες ἱκέσθαι <span class="bibl">Q.S.5.194</span>, but <b class="b3">ὤφελλον</b> shd. be read in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>174</span> and <b class="b3">ὤφελε</b> in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1291</span>.) </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> with ind., ὤφελε μηδ' ἐγένοντο θοαὶ νέες <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>19.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Q.S.10.378</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ὄφελον</b> (Adv. acc. to <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>142.9</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>643.48</span>) in this signf.: c. acc. et inf., ὤμοι ἐγών, ὄφελόν με . . ὀλέσθαι <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>1159</span>: even with <span class="bibl">2</span> pers. of Verb, ὄφελον ἐβασιλεύσατε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>4.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>11.1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Gal.</span>5.12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>3.15</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jb.</span>14.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Ath.4.156a</span>; ὄφελον δυνήσῃ <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Sol.</span>1</span> (as a solecism): with <span class="bibl">3</span> pers., <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.18.15</span>, <span class="bibl">D.Chr.38.47</span>: with <span class="bibl">1</span> pers. pl., ὄφελον ἀπεθάνομεν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>16.3</span>; <b class="b3">ὤφελον</b> (sic) εἰ ἐδυνάμεθα πέτασθαι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGiss.</span>17.10</span> (ii A. D.): c. inf., <b class="b3">ὄφελομ μὲν ἡ θεὸς . . στερῆσαι</b> . . <span class="title">OGI</span>315.16 (Pessinus, ii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> impers. <b class="b3">ὀφείλει</b>, <b class="b2">it behoves</b>, c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>2.6</span>; <b class="b3">ὄφελλέ με μήτε . . εἰσοράαν κτλ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.R.3.678</span>: so pers. in part., abs., <b class="b3">αἱ ὀφείλουσαι ἱερουργίαι τῶν θεῶν</b> the <b class="b2">due</b> services of the gods, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>294.24</span> (ii A. D.); κατὰ τὸν ὀφείλοντα καιρόν <span class="bibl">Sor.1.79</span>. (<b class="b3">ὦφλον, ὤφληκα</b>, aor. and pf. of <b class="b3">ὀφλισκάνω</b>, were prob. orig. aor. and pf. of <b class="b3">ὀφείλω</b>: <b class="b3">ὄφελον</b> in signf. II. <span class="bibl">3c</span> may be orig. neut. part. of <b class="b3">ὤφελε</b> (signf. <span class="bibl">111</span>) with omission of <b class="b3">ἐστί</b>.)</span> | |Definition=impf. <b class="b3">ὤφειλον</b>; Ep. ὀφέλλω (also Aeol., <span class="title">IG</span>12(2).67.7 (Mytil.), and Arc., ib.<span class="bibl">5(2).343.27</span> (Orchom. Arc., iv B. C.)), impf. <b class="b3">ὤφελλον</b> or <b class="b3">ὄφελλον</b>, v. infr. II. <span class="bibl">2</span>, <span class="bibl">3</span> (the Att. or Ion. <b class="b3">ὀφείλετ', ὄφειλον</b> in <span class="bibl">Il.11.686</span>, <span class="bibl">688</span>, <span class="bibl">698</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>174</span> is prob. due to the Copyists): fut. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> ὀφειλήσω <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.28</span>, <span class="bibl">D.30.7</span>, also ὀφειλέσω <span class="title">TAM</span>2.431, al.: aor. 1 ὠφείλησα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>115</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.5</span> (ἐπ-): pf. <b class="b3">ὠφείληκα</b>: plpf. -ήκειν D.45. 33: aor. 2 <b class="b3">ὤφελον</b> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.2</span>, 3):—Pass., aor. part. ὀφειληθείς <span class="bibl">Th. 3.63</span>. (Cret. ὀφήλω <span class="title">GDI</span>5015.21, written ὀπέλο <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>10.20, al., Arc. ὀφέλλω (v. supr.) and ὀφήλω <span class="title">SIG</span>306.40 (Tegea, iv B. C.): in early Att. Inscrr. written both ὀφελ <b class="b2">-IG</b> 12.91.8, al., and <b class="b3">ὀφειλ-</b> ib.109.9, al.):—<b class="b2">owe, have to pay</b> or <b class="b2">account for</b>, τὸ καὶ μοιχάγρι' ὀφέλλει <span class="bibl">Od.8.332</span>; <b class="b3">ὅτι μοι . . ζωάγρι' ὀφέλλεις</b> ib.<span class="bibl">462</span>; χρεῖος, τό ῥά οἱ πᾶς δῆμος ὄφελλεν <span class="bibl">21.17</span>; πολέσιν γὰρ Ἐπειοὶ χρεῖος ὄφειλον <span class="bibl">Il.11.688</span>; ζημίην ὀ. τῷ θεῷ <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.52</span>, etc.: metaph., μητέρα μοι ζώουσαν ὀφέλλετε <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 126</span>; <b class="b3">τί ὀφείλω</b><b class="b2">;</b> what <b class="b2">do I owe?</b> <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>21</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. ἀργύριον, χρέα</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span> 115</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>117</span>; ὀ. ἢ θεῷ θυσίας ἢ ἀνθρώπῳ χρήματα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>331b</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. τινὶ δρᾶν τι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">332a</span>: c. dat. only, <b class="b3">ὀ. τινί</b> <b class="b2">to be debtor</b> to another, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 1135</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span>581</span>, etc.; τρίτον δὲ χαίρειν, εἶτ' ὀ. μηδενί <span class="bibl">Philem.163</span>: abs., <b class="b2">to be in debt</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>485</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ ὀφείλοντες</b> <b class="b2">debtors</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1167b21</span>, Plu.2.832a:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be due</b>, <b class="b3">ἔνθα χρεῖός μοι ὀφέλλεται</b> (v.l. [[ὀφείλεται]]) <span class="bibl">Od.3.367</span>; χρεῖος ὀφείλετο <span class="bibl">Il.11.686</span>, <span class="bibl">698</span>; ἢν . . ὀφείληταί τί μοι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>484</span>; μισθὸς τοῖς στρατιώταις ὠφείλετο <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.2.11</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὸ ὀφειλόμενον</b> <b class="b2">a debt</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">7.7.34</span>; -όμενα ἀποδιδόντες <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.99</span>, cf. Simon. ap. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>331e</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., ὀ. μέλος τινί <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).3</span>; πολλὰ δώμασιν καλά <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>287</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. χάριν</b>, v. [[χάρις]] <span class="bibl">1.2</span>; Ἀπόλλωνι χαριστήρια <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.28</span>; τὴν ψυχὴν πᾶσιν <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>10.5</span>:—Pass., ὀφείλεταί τινι ἐκ θεῶν κλέος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>315</span>; ὀ. τινὶ εὐεργεσία <span class="bibl">Th.1.137</span>; ἀντὶ χαρίτων ἔχθραι ὀ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.32</span>; τοῖς μὲν ἐχθροῖς βλάβην ὀ., τοῖς δὲ φίλοις ὠφελίαν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>335e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">332b</span>; <b class="b3">τοὐφειλόμενον πράσσουσα Δίκη</b> <b class="b2">what is due</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 310</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> as a legal term, <b class="b2">to be bound to render</b>, εὐθύνας ὤφειλον <span class="bibl">And. 1.73</span> codd. (f.l. for [[ὦφλον]]): hence, like [[ὀφλισκάνω]], <b class="b2">incur</b> a penalty, ζημίαν <span class="bibl">Lys.9.10</span>; διπλῆν τὴν βλάβην <span class="bibl">Id.1.32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>360</span>; τὴν τοιαύτην δίκην <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>909a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">774b</span>, <span class="bibl">774d</span>, <span class="bibl">844e</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.77</span>; ἁμαρτίαν ὀ. Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ <span class="title">IG</span>3.74.15 (ii/iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> in Pass., of persons, <b class="b2">to be due</b> or <b class="b2">liable to</b>, θανάτῳ πάντες ὀφειλόμεθα <span class="bibl">Simon.122</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Wi.</span>12.20</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>3.1381; but τοιαύταις χερσὶν ὀφειλόμεθα <b class="b2">our help is due</b>, AP9.283 (Crin.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">to be bound, to be obliged</b> to do, <b class="b3">ὀφέλλετε ταῦτα πένεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">ye are bound, ye ought to</b>... <span class="bibl">Il.19.200</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.41</span>,<span class="bibl">42</span>, al., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>682</span>, <span class="bibl">712</span>, etc.; and of things, <b class="b2">ought</b> to be, ὁ λόγος οὐκ ἀκριβῶς ὀ. λέγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1104a2</span>:—Pass., δράσαντι γάρ τοι καὶ παθεῖν ὀφείλεται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>456</span>; <b class="b3">σοὶ τοῦτ' ὀφείλεται παθεῖν</b> <b class="b2">it is</b> thy <b class="b2">destiny</b> to... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1421</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>1173</span>; ὡς πᾶσιν ἡμῖν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>419</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">782</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>1245</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.25.11</span>; v. supr.<span class="bibl">1.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in this signf. Ep. impf. <b class="b3">ὤφελλον</b> or <b class="b3">ὄφελλον</b> and aor. <b class="b3">ὤφελον</b> or <b class="b3">ὄφελον</b> are used of that which one has not, but <b class="b2">ought to have</b>, done (<b class="b2">ought</b> being the pret. of <b class="b2">owe</b>), ὤφελεν ἀθανάτοισιν εὔχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.546</span>; νῦν ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος <span class="bibl">10.117</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.4.472</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> these tenses are also used, folld. by pres. or aor. inf., in wishes that something were or had been in present or past, <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς . . ὤφελλον ἀμείνονος εἶναι ἄκοιτις</b> I <b class="b2">ought to</b> be... <b class="b2">would that</b> I were . . ! <span class="bibl">Il.6.350</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ὄφελ' ἐν νήεσσι κατακτάμεν Ἄρτεμις</b> <b class="b2">would that</b> Artemis had slain her !, <span class="bibl">Il.19.59</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.4.97</span>; τιμήν πέρ μοι ὄφελλεν Ὀλύμπιος ἐγγυαλίξαι <span class="bibl">Il.1.353</span>: freq. preceded by <b class="b3">εἴθε</b> (Ep. <b class="b3">αἴθε</b>) <b class="b3">, ὡς, ὡς δή</b>, which express the wish still more strongly, <b class="b3">αἴθ' ὄφελες ἄγονός τ' ἔμεναι ἄγαμός τ' ἀπολέσθαι</b> <b class="b2">O that thou hadst!</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.3.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.415</span>, etc.; αἴθ' ὤφελλες . . σημαίνειν <span class="bibl">14.84</span>; αἴθ' ὤφελλ' ὁ ξεῖνος . . ὀλέσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.18.401</span>; αἴθ' ἅμα πάντες . . ὠφέλετε . . ἐπὶ νηυσὶ πεφάσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.24.254</span>: with <b class="b3">ὡς, ὡς ὄφελον . . ἑλέσθαι</b> <b class="b2">O that I had . . !</b>, <span class="bibl">11.380</span>; θανέειν <span class="bibl">Od.14.274</span>; ὡς πρὶν ὤφελλον ὀλέσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.24.764</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.14.68</span>; ὡς ὤφελες αὐτόθ' ὀλέσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.3.428</span>; ὡς . . ὤφελες <span class="bibl">Od. 2.184</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς ὄφελεν</b> . . <span class="bibl">Il.3.173</span>, etc.: strengthd., <b class="b3">ὡς δὴ ἔγωγ' ὄφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">Od.1.217</span>: also with neg., <b class="b3">μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι</b> . . <b class="b2">would thou hadst</b> never . . !, <span class="bibl">Il.9.698</span>; ἣ μὴ ὤφελλε γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">17.686</span>; τὼ μὴ γείνασθαι ὄφελλον <span class="bibl">Od.8.312</span>; ὡς μὴ ὤφελλε τεκέσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.22.481</span>; ὡς δὴ μὴ ὄφελον νικᾶν <span class="bibl">Od.11.548</span>.—So in Trag. and Att., <b class="b3">ὤφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1157</span>; <b class="b3">ὤφελες</b> . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>865</span>; <b class="b3">ὤφελε</b> . . <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>48</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.1.4</span>, etc.: also, as in Ep., <b class="b3">εἴθ' ὤφελες</b> . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1021</span>; <b class="b3">εἴθ' ὤφελ'</b> . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>41</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">εἰ γὰρ ὤφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>380</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>432c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cri.</span>44d</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς ὤφελες</b> . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>955</span>: with neg., μήποτ' ὤφελον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>969</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>880</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">D.18.288</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς μήποτ' ὤφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>286</span>; ὡς μηδὲ νῦν ὤφελον <span class="bibl">D.21.78</span>: without augm. in Hdt., <b class="b3">εἶδον . . τὸ μὴ ἰδεῖν ὄφελον</b> (v.l. [[ὤ-]]) <span class="bibl">1.111</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.65</span>: sts. in Trag. (lyr. and anap.), <b class="b3">εἴθ' ὄφελε</b> . . <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>915</span>; <b class="b3">ὄφελε</b> . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 1192</span>; <b class="b3">μήποτ' ὄφελον</b> . . <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1413</span>. (In this signf. <b class="b3">ὤφειλον</b> is used in late Ep., ὡς μὴ ὤφειλες ἱκέσθαι <span class="bibl">Q.S.5.194</span>, but <b class="b3">ὤφελλον</b> shd. be read in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>174</span> and <b class="b3">ὤφελε</b> in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1291</span>.) </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> with ind., ὤφελε μηδ' ἐγένοντο θοαὶ νέες <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>19.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Q.S.10.378</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ὄφελον</b> (Adv. acc. to <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>142.9</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>643.48</span>) in this signf.: c. acc. et inf., ὤμοι ἐγών, ὄφελόν με . . ὀλέσθαι <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>1159</span>: even with <span class="bibl">2</span> pers. of Verb, ὄφελον ἐβασιλεύσατε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>4.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>11.1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Gal.</span>5.12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>3.15</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jb.</span>14.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Ath.4.156a</span>; ὄφελον δυνήσῃ <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Sol.</span>1</span> (as a solecism): with <span class="bibl">3</span> pers., <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.18.15</span>, <span class="bibl">D.Chr.38.47</span>: with <span class="bibl">1</span> pers. pl., ὄφελον ἀπεθάνομεν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>16.3</span>; <b class="b3">ὤφελον</b> (sic) εἰ ἐδυνάμεθα πέτασθαι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGiss.</span>17.10</span> (ii A. D.): c. inf., <b class="b3">ὄφελομ μὲν ἡ θεὸς . . στερῆσαι</b> . . <span class="title">OGI</span>315.16 (Pessinus, ii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> impers. <b class="b3">ὀφείλει</b>, <b class="b2">it behoves</b>, c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>2.6</span>; <b class="b3">ὄφελλέ με μήτε . . εἰσοράαν κτλ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.R.3.678</span>: so pers. in part., abs., <b class="b3">αἱ ὀφείλουσαι ἱερουργίαι τῶν θεῶν</b> the <b class="b2">due</b> services of the gods, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>294.24</span> (ii A. D.); κατὰ τὸν ὀφείλοντα καιρόν <span class="bibl">Sor.1.79</span>. (<b class="b3">ὦφλον, ὤφληκα</b>, aor. and pf. of <b class="b3">ὀφλισκάνω</b>, were prob. orig. aor. and pf. of <b class="b3">ὀφείλω</b>: <b class="b3">ὄφελον</b> in signf. II. <span class="bibl">3c</span> may be orig. neut. part. of <b class="b3">ὤφελε</b> (signf. <span class="bibl">111</span>) with omission of <b class="b3">ἐστί</b>.)</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0424.png Seite 424]] fut. ὀφειλήσω, aor. [[ὤφελον]], ep. auch [[ὤφελλον]] (s. [[ὀφέλλω]]), schuldig sein, schul den; χρεῖ. ός τινι, Il. 11, 688; pass., [[χρεῖος]] ὀφείλεταί τινι, 11, 686; [[μέλος]] αὐτῷ ὀφείλων, Pind. Ol. 11, 3; pass., Λατοίδαισιν ὀφειλόμενον [[οὖρον]] ὕμνων, P. 4, 3; καὶ μὴν ὀφείλων γ' ἂν τίνοιμ' αὐτῷ [[χάριν]], Aesch. Prom. 987; [[ὀφείλω]] τοῖς θεοῖς πολλὴν [[χάριν]], Soph. Ant. 331, ich bin ihnen vielen Dank schuldig; pass., καὶ σοὶ τοῦτ' ὀφείλεται [[παθεῖν]], El. 1164; οἷσιν οὐκ ἐλάσσονα βλάβην [[ὀφείλω]], Eur. Andr. 360; πολλὴν [[χάριν]] [[ὀφείλω]] σοι τῆς γνωρίσεως, Plat. Polit.; τῷ Ἀσκληπιῷ ὀφείλομεν ἀλεκτρυόνα, wir schulden dem Asklepios einen Hahn, Phaed. 118 a; bes. δίκην, in einem Processe verurtheilt sein, wie [[ὀφλισκάνω]], das gewöhnliche Präsens zu [[ὀφλεῖν]], Legg. X, 909 a u. öfter. – Τὰ ὀφειλόμενα ἀποδιδόναι, das Schuldige, die Schuld abtragen, Rep. I, 331 e u. öfter; τοῖς στρατιώταις ὠφείλετο [[μισθός]], Xen. An. 1, 2, 11; auch [[ὀφείλω]] τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν, ich muß mein Versprechen halten, Cyr. 5, 2, 8; [[καί]] μοι [[εὐεργεσία]] ὀφείλεται, Thuc. 1, 137; auch ohne accus., verschuldet sein, Schulden haben, εἴ τις ὀφείλει τῷ δημοσίῳ, Ar. Lys. 581; ὀφειλήσειν ἐπὶ πέντ' ὀβολοῖς, Dem. 30, 7; Sp., οἱ ὀφείλοντες, die Schuldner, Arist. eth. 9, 7; Plut. – Uebh. schuldig sein, verpflichtet sein, sollen, gew. c. inf., ὀφείλεις με χρηστοῖσι ἀμείβεσθαι, Her. 1, 41. 42. 111. 7, 50, 1. 152; ὀφείλει δρέπεσθαι [[ἄωτον]], Pind. N. 2, 6; τοὐφειλόμενον πράσσουσα Δίκη, Aesch. Ch. 308; μηδὲ τόνδ' ὀφείλομεν κτείνειν, Eur. Hec. 395; γενναῖα ὑμᾶς ἀντιδρᾶν ὀφείλομεν, Suppl. 1178; pass., πᾶσιν ἡμῖν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται, Alc. 421; τοῖς φίλοις οἴεται ὀφείλειν τοὺς φίλους ἀγαθόν τι δρᾶν, Plat. Rep. I, 332 a; τύπῳ καὶ οὐκ ἀκριβῶς ὀφείλει λέγεσθαι, Arist. eth. 2, 2; Sp., τὸ αὐτὸ ὀφείλει πάσχειν [[οὗτος]] Pol. 6, 37, 5, ὤφειλε ποιεῖν τὰ τοῦ πολέμου 9, 36, 4. – Besonders wird so der aor. gebraucht, [[ὤφελον]], ich hätte sollen, c. inf., ἀλλ' ὤφελεν ἀθανάτοισιν εὔχεσθαι, Il. 23, 546, er hätte beten sollen; τὴν ὄφελ' ἐν νήεσσι [[κατακτάμεν]] [[Ἄρτεμις]] ἰῷ, 19, 59; die hätte Diana tödten sollen, wodurch immer ausgedrückt wird, daß dies nicht geschehen ist; [[ἔμπας]] τις αὐτὴν [[ἄλλος]] ὤφελεν [[λαχεῖν]], Aesch. Prom. 48; λώβαν, ἣν μήποτ' ἐγὼ προσιδεῖν ὁ [[τάλας]] [[ὤφελον]], Soph. Trach. 994; Folgde; besonders zum Ausdruck eines Wunsches, bei dem man zugleich ausdrückt, daß er nicht in Erfüllung gegangen ist oder nicht in Erfüllung gehen könne, αἴθ' ὄφελες παρὰ νηυσὶν [[ἀδάκρυτος]] καὶ [[ἀπήμων]] ἧσθαι, säßest du doch, d. i. du solltest sitzen, Il. 1, 415, vgl. 3, 40. 14, 84. 18, 86; αἴθ' ὤφελλε, Od. 18, 401; αἴθ' ὠφέλετε, Il. 24, 254; αἴθ' ὄφελον, Od. 13, 204; und mit ὡς, ὡς ὄφελες oder ὤφελες, 2, 184; ὡς ὄφελεν oder ὤφελεν, Il. 3, 173. 4, 315. 6, 345. 7, 390. 21, 279; ὡς δή, Od. 1, 217. 5, 308. 11, 548; μὴ ὄφελες, wenn du doch nicht hättest, Il. 9, 698. 17, 686. 18, 19 Od. 8, 312; Hes. O. 176; – εἴθ' ὤφελεν, Ζεῦ, κἀμὲ θανάτου κατὰ [[μοῖρα]] καλύψαι, hätte mich doch das Todesgeschick umhüllt, Aesch. Pers. 879; εἴθ' ὤφελες τοιάδε τἡν γνώμην εἶναι, Soph. El. 1010, wärest du doch so, du hättest so sein sollen, aber du bist nicht so; ὄφελε πρότερον αἰθέρα δῦναι [[ἀνήρ]], Ai. 1171; ὡς ὤφελες διαῤῥαγῆναι, Ar. Ran. 955; εἴθ' ὤφελ' ἡ προμνήστρι' ἀπολέσθαι κακῶς, Nubb. 41; μήποτ' [[ὤφελον]] [[λιπεῖν]] τὴν Σκῦρον, Soph. Phil. 969; u. in Prosa, εἰ γὰρ [[ὤφελον]] οἷοί τε εἶναι οἱ πολλοὶ τὰ μέγιστα κακὰ ἐξεργάζεσθαι, Plat. Crit. 44 d; Rep. IV, 432 c; Folgde. – Spätere brauchen [[ὤφελον]] und ὤφελεν als eine Conjunction, unabhängig von der folgenden Person, ὤφελόν τις μετὰ ταύτης ἐκοιμήθη, Arr. Diss. 2, 18; ὤφελε μηδ' ἐγένοντο θοαὶ νέες, Callim. ep. 18. | |||
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English (LSJ)
impf. ὤφειλον; Ep. ὀφέλλω (also Aeol., IG12(2).67.7 (Mytil.), and Arc., ib.5(2).343.27 (Orchom. Arc., iv B. C.)), impf. ὤφελλον or ὄφελλον, v. infr. II. 2, 3 (the Att. or Ion. ὀφείλετ', ὄφειλον in Il.11.686, 688, 698, Hes.Op.174 is prob. due to the Copyists): fut.
A ὀφειλήσω X.Cyr.7.2.28, D.30.7, also ὀφειλέσω TAM2.431, al.: aor. 1 ὠφείλησα Ar.Av.115, Th.8.5 (ἐπ-): pf. ὠφείληκα: plpf. -ήκειν D.45. 33: aor. 2 ὤφελον (v. infr. 11.2, 3):—Pass., aor. part. ὀφειληθείς Th. 3.63. (Cret. ὀφήλω GDI5015.21, written ὀπέλο Leg.Gort.10.20, al., Arc. ὀφέλλω (v. supr.) and ὀφήλω SIG306.40 (Tegea, iv B. C.): in early Att. Inscrr. written both ὀφελ -IG 12.91.8, al., and ὀφειλ- ib.109.9, al.):—owe, have to pay or account for, τὸ καὶ μοιχάγρι' ὀφέλλει Od.8.332; ὅτι μοι . . ζωάγρι' ὀφέλλεις ib.462; χρεῖος, τό ῥά οἱ πᾶς δῆμος ὄφελλεν 21.17; πολέσιν γὰρ Ἐπειοὶ χρεῖος ὄφειλον Il.11.688; ζημίην ὀ. τῷ θεῷ Hdt.3.52, etc.: metaph., μητέρα μοι ζώουσαν ὀφέλλετε Call.Fr. 126; τί ὀφείλω; what do I owe? Ar.Nu.21; ὀ. ἀργύριον, χρέα, Id.Av. 115, Nu.117; ὀ. ἢ θεῷ θυσίας ἢ ἀνθρώπῳ χρήματα Pl.R.331b; ὀ. τινὶ δρᾶν τι ib.332a: c. dat. only, ὀ. τινί to be debtor to another, Ar.Nu. 1135, Lys.581, etc.; τρίτον δὲ χαίρειν, εἶτ' ὀ. μηδενί Philem.163: abs., to be in debt, Ar.Nu.485, etc.; οἱ ὀφείλοντες debtors, Arist.EN1167b21, Plu.2.832a:—Pass., to be due, ἔνθα χρεῖός μοι ὀφέλλεται (v.l. ὀφείλεται) Od.3.367; χρεῖος ὀφείλετο Il.11.686, 698; ἢν . . ὀφείληταί τί μοι Ar.Nu.484; μισθὸς τοῖς στρατιώταις ὠφείλετο X.An.1.2.11, etc.; τὸ ὀφειλόμενον a debt, ib.7.7.34; -όμενα ἀποδιδόντες Hdt.5.99, cf. Simon. ap. Pl.R.331e. 2 metaph., ὀ. μέλος τινί Pi.O.10(11).3; πολλὰ δώμασιν καλά E.HF287; ὀ. χάριν, v. χάρις 1.2; Ἀπόλλωνι χαριστήρια X.Cyr.7.2.28; τὴν ψυχὴν πᾶσιν Ael.VH10.5:—Pass., ὀφείλεταί τινι ἐκ θεῶν κλέος A.Fr.315; ὀ. τινὶ εὐεργεσία Th.1.137; ἀντὶ χαρίτων ἔχθραι ὀ. X.Cyr.4.5.32; τοῖς μὲν ἐχθροῖς βλάβην ὀ., τοῖς δὲ φίλοις ὠφελίαν Pl. R.335e, cf. 332b; τοὐφειλόμενον πράσσουσα Δίκη what is due, A.Ch. 310. 3 as a legal term, to be bound to render, εὐθύνας ὤφειλον And. 1.73 codd. (f.l. for ὦφλον): hence, like ὀφλισκάνω, incur a penalty, ζημίαν Lys.9.10; διπλῆν τὴν βλάβην Id.1.32, cf. E.Andr.360; τὴν τοιαύτην δίκην Pl.Lg.909a, cf. 774b, 774d, 844e, D.21.77; ἁμαρτίαν ὀ. Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ IG3.74.15 (ii/iii A. D.). 4 in Pass., of persons, to be due or liable to, θανάτῳ πάντες ὀφειλόμεθα Simon.122, cf. LXX Wi.12.20, IG3.1381; but τοιαύταις χερσὶν ὀφειλόμεθα our help is due, AP9.283 (Crin.). II c. inf., to be bound, to be obliged to do, ὀφέλλετε ταῦτα πένεσθαι ye are bound, ye ought to... Il.19.200, cf. Hdt.1.41,42, al., E.Alc.682, 712, etc.; and of things, ought to be, ὁ λόγος οὐκ ἀκριβῶς ὀ. λέγεσθαι Arist.EN1104a2:—Pass., δράσαντι γάρ τοι καὶ παθεῖν ὀφείλεται A.Fr.456; σοὶ τοῦτ' ὀφείλεται παθεῖν it is thy destiny to... S.Ph. 1421, cf. El.1173; ὡς πᾶσιν ἡμῖν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται E.Alc.419, cf. 782, Or.1245, Lys.25.11; v. supr.1.4. 2 in this signf. Ep. impf. ὤφελλον or ὄφελλον and aor. ὤφελον or ὄφελον are used of that which one has not, but ought to have, done (ought being the pret. of owe), ὤφελεν ἀθανάτοισιν εὔχεσθαι Il.23.546; νῦν ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος 10.117, cf. Od.4.472. 3 these tenses are also used, folld. by pres. or aor. inf., in wishes that something were or had been in present or past, ἀνδρὸς . . ὤφελλον ἀμείνονος εἶναι ἄκοιτις I ought to be... would that I were . . ! Il.6.350; τὴν ὄφελ' ἐν νήεσσι κατακτάμεν Ἄρτεμις would that Artemis had slain her !, Il.19.59, cf. Od.4.97; τιμήν πέρ μοι ὄφελλεν Ὀλύμπιος ἐγγυαλίξαι Il.1.353: freq. preceded by εἴθε (Ep. αἴθε) , ὡς, ὡς δή, which express the wish still more strongly, αἴθ' ὄφελες ἄγονός τ' ἔμεναι ἄγαμός τ' ἀπολέσθαι O that thou hadst!, Il.3.40, cf. 1.415, etc.; αἴθ' ὤφελλες . . σημαίνειν 14.84; αἴθ' ὤφελλ' ὁ ξεῖνος . . ὀλέσθαι Od.18.401; αἴθ' ἅμα πάντες . . ὠφέλετε . . ἐπὶ νηυσὶ πεφάσθαι Il.24.254: with ὡς, ὡς ὄφελον . . ἑλέσθαι O that I had . . !, 11.380; θανέειν Od.14.274; ὡς πρὶν ὤφελλον ὀλέσθαι Il.24.764, cf. Od.14.68; ὡς ὤφελες αὐτόθ' ὀλέσθαι Il.3.428; ὡς . . ὤφελες Od. 2.184; ὡς ὄφελεν . . Il.3.173, etc.: strengthd., ὡς δὴ ἔγωγ' ὄφελον . . Od.1.217: also with neg., μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι . . would thou hadst never . . !, Il.9.698; ἣ μὴ ὤφελλε γενέσθαι 17.686; τὼ μὴ γείνασθαι ὄφελλον Od.8.312; ὡς μὴ ὤφελλε τεκέσθαι Il.22.481; ὡς δὴ μὴ ὄφελον νικᾶν Od.11.548.—So in Trag. and Att., ὤφελον . . S.OT1157; ὤφελες . . Ar.Th.865; ὤφελε . . A.Pr.48, X.An.2.1.4, etc.: also, as in Ep., εἴθ' ὤφελες . . S.El.1021; εἴθ' ὤφελ' . . Ar.Nu.41, etc.; εἰ γὰρ ὤφελον . . Id.Ec.380, Pl.R.432c, Cri.44d; ὡς ὤφελες . . Ar.Ra.955: with neg., μήποτ' ὤφελον S.Ph.969, E.Alc.880 (anap.), D.18.288; ὡς μήποτ' ὤφελον . . E.Ion286; ὡς μηδὲ νῦν ὤφελον D.21.78: without augm. in Hdt., εἶδον . . τὸ μὴ ἰδεῖν ὄφελον (v.l. ὤ-) 1.111, cf. 3.65: sts. in Trag. (lyr. and anap.), εἴθ' ὄφελε . . A.Pers.915; ὄφελε . . S.Aj. 1192; μήποτ' ὄφελον . . E.Med.1413. (In this signf. ὤφειλον is used in late Ep., ὡς μὴ ὤφειλες ἱκέσθαι Q.S.5.194, but ὤφελλον shd. be read in Hes.Op.174 and ὤφελε in E.IA1291.) b with ind., ὤφελε μηδ' ἐγένοντο θοαὶ νέες Call.Epigr.19.1, cf. Q.S.10.378, etc. c ὄφελον (Adv. acc. to A.D.Adv.142.9, EM643.48) in this signf.: c. acc. et inf., ὤμοι ἐγών, ὄφελόν με . . ὀλέσθαι Orph.A.1159: even with 2 pers. of Verb, ὄφελον ἐβασιλεύσατε 1 Ep.Cor.4.8, cf. 2 Ep.Cor.11.1, Ep.Gal.5.12, Apoc.3.15, LXX Jb.14.13, Ath.4.156a; ὄφελον δυνήσῃ Luc.Sol.1 (as a solecism): with 3 pers., Arr.Epict.2.18.15, D.Chr.38.47: with 1 pers. pl., ὄφελον ἀπεθάνομεν LXX Ex.16.3; ὤφελον (sic) εἰ ἐδυνάμεθα πέτασθαι PGiss.17.10 (ii A. D.): c. inf., ὄφελομ μὲν ἡ θεὸς . . στερῆσαι . . OGI315.16 (Pessinus, ii B. C.). III impers. ὀφείλει, it behoves, c. acc. et inf., Pi.N.2.6; ὄφελλέ με μήτε . . εἰσοράαν κτλ. A.R.3.678: so pers. in part., abs., αἱ ὀφείλουσαι ἱερουργίαι τῶν θεῶν the due services of the gods, PTeb.294.24 (ii A. D.); κατὰ τὸν ὀφείλοντα καιρόν Sor.1.79. (ὦφλον, ὤφληκα, aor. and pf. of ὀφλισκάνω, were prob. orig. aor. and pf. of ὀφείλω: ὄφελον in signf. II. 3c may be orig. neut. part. of ὤφελε (signf. 111) with omission of ἐστί.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 424] fut. ὀφειλήσω, aor. ὤφελον, ep. auch ὤφελλον (s. ὀφέλλω), schuldig sein, schul den; χρεῖ. ός τινι, Il. 11, 688; pass., χρεῖος ὀφείλεταί τινι, 11, 686; μέλος αὐτῷ ὀφείλων, Pind. Ol. 11, 3; pass., Λατοίδαισιν ὀφειλόμενον οὖρον ὕμνων, P. 4, 3; καὶ μὴν ὀφείλων γ' ἂν τίνοιμ' αὐτῷ χάριν, Aesch. Prom. 987; ὀφείλω τοῖς θεοῖς πολλὴν χάριν, Soph. Ant. 331, ich bin ihnen vielen Dank schuldig; pass., καὶ σοὶ τοῦτ' ὀφείλεται παθεῖν, El. 1164; οἷσιν οὐκ ἐλάσσονα βλάβην ὀφείλω, Eur. Andr. 360; πολλὴν χάριν ὀφείλω σοι τῆς γνωρίσεως, Plat. Polit.; τῷ Ἀσκληπιῷ ὀφείλομεν ἀλεκτρυόνα, wir schulden dem Asklepios einen Hahn, Phaed. 118 a; bes. δίκην, in einem Processe verurtheilt sein, wie ὀφλισκάνω, das gewöhnliche Präsens zu ὀφλεῖν, Legg. X, 909 a u. öfter. – Τὰ ὀφειλόμενα ἀποδιδόναι, das Schuldige, die Schuld abtragen, Rep. I, 331 e u. öfter; τοῖς στρατιώταις ὠφείλετο μισθός, Xen. An. 1, 2, 11; auch ὀφείλω τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν, ich muß mein Versprechen halten, Cyr. 5, 2, 8; καί μοι εὐεργεσία ὀφείλεται, Thuc. 1, 137; auch ohne accus., verschuldet sein, Schulden haben, εἴ τις ὀφείλει τῷ δημοσίῳ, Ar. Lys. 581; ὀφειλήσειν ἐπὶ πέντ' ὀβολοῖς, Dem. 30, 7; Sp., οἱ ὀφείλοντες, die Schuldner, Arist. eth. 9, 7; Plut. – Uebh. schuldig sein, verpflichtet sein, sollen, gew. c. inf., ὀφείλεις με χρηστοῖσι ἀμείβεσθαι, Her. 1, 41. 42. 111. 7, 50, 1. 152; ὀφείλει δρέπεσθαι ἄωτον, Pind. N. 2, 6; τοὐφειλόμενον πράσσουσα Δίκη, Aesch. Ch. 308; μηδὲ τόνδ' ὀφείλομεν κτείνειν, Eur. Hec. 395; γενναῖα ὑμᾶς ἀντιδρᾶν ὀφείλομεν, Suppl. 1178; pass., πᾶσιν ἡμῖν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται, Alc. 421; τοῖς φίλοις οἴεται ὀφείλειν τοὺς φίλους ἀγαθόν τι δρᾶν, Plat. Rep. I, 332 a; τύπῳ καὶ οὐκ ἀκριβῶς ὀφείλει λέγεσθαι, Arist. eth. 2, 2; Sp., τὸ αὐτὸ ὀφείλει πάσχειν οὗτος Pol. 6, 37, 5, ὤφειλε ποιεῖν τὰ τοῦ πολέμου 9, 36, 4. – Besonders wird so der aor. gebraucht, ὤφελον, ich hätte sollen, c. inf., ἀλλ' ὤφελεν ἀθανάτοισιν εὔχεσθαι, Il. 23, 546, er hätte beten sollen; τὴν ὄφελ' ἐν νήεσσι κατακτάμεν Ἄρτεμις ἰῷ, 19, 59; die hätte Diana tödten sollen, wodurch immer ausgedrückt wird, daß dies nicht geschehen ist; ἔμπας τις αὐτὴν ἄλλος ὤφελεν λαχεῖν, Aesch. Prom. 48; λώβαν, ἣν μήποτ' ἐγὼ προσιδεῖν ὁ τάλας ὤφελον, Soph. Trach. 994; Folgde; besonders zum Ausdruck eines Wunsches, bei dem man zugleich ausdrückt, daß er nicht in Erfüllung gegangen ist oder nicht in Erfüllung gehen könne, αἴθ' ὄφελες παρὰ νηυσὶν ἀδάκρυτος καὶ ἀπήμων ἧσθαι, säßest du doch, d. i. du solltest sitzen, Il. 1, 415, vgl. 3, 40. 14, 84. 18, 86; αἴθ' ὤφελλε, Od. 18, 401; αἴθ' ὠφέλετε, Il. 24, 254; αἴθ' ὄφελον, Od. 13, 204; und mit ὡς, ὡς ὄφελες oder ὤφελες, 2, 184; ὡς ὄφελεν oder ὤφελεν, Il. 3, 173. 4, 315. 6, 345. 7, 390. 21, 279; ὡς δή, Od. 1, 217. 5, 308. 11, 548; μὴ ὄφελες, wenn du doch nicht hättest, Il. 9, 698. 17, 686. 18, 19 Od. 8, 312; Hes. O. 176; – εἴθ' ὤφελεν, Ζεῦ, κἀμὲ θανάτου κατὰ μοῖρα καλύψαι, hätte mich doch das Todesgeschick umhüllt, Aesch. Pers. 879; εἴθ' ὤφελες τοιάδε τἡν γνώμην εἶναι, Soph. El. 1010, wärest du doch so, du hättest so sein sollen, aber du bist nicht so; ὄφελε πρότερον αἰθέρα δῦναι ἀνήρ, Ai. 1171; ὡς ὤφελες διαῤῥαγῆναι, Ar. Ran. 955; εἴθ' ὤφελ' ἡ προμνήστρι' ἀπολέσθαι κακῶς, Nubb. 41; μήποτ' ὤφελον λιπεῖν τὴν Σκῦρον, Soph. Phil. 969; u. in Prosa, εἰ γὰρ ὤφελον οἷοί τε εἶναι οἱ πολλοὶ τὰ μέγιστα κακὰ ἐξεργάζεσθαι, Plat. Crit. 44 d; Rep. IV, 432 c; Folgde. – Spätere brauchen ὤφελον und ὤφελεν als eine Conjunction, unabhängig von der folgenden Person, ὤφελόν τις μετὰ ταύτης ἐκοιμήθη, Arr. Diss. 2, 18; ὤφελε μηδ' ἐγένοντο θοαὶ νέες, Callim. ep. 18.
