λάφυρα: Difference between revisions
κρείσσων ἐναρχόμενος βοηθῶν καρδίᾳ τοῦ ἐπαγγελλομένου καὶ εἰς ἐλπίδα ἄγοντος· δένδρον γὰρ ζωῆς ἐπιθυμία ἀγαθή (Proverbs 13.12 LXX) → One who sincerely sets about helping is better than one who makes promises leading to hope; for a kindly urge is a tree of life.
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|Transliteration C=lafyra | |Transliteration C=lafyra | ||
|Beta Code=la/fura | |Beta Code=la/fura | ||
|Definition=[ | |Definition=[λᾰ], τά, Arg. [[φάλυρα]] ''SIG''56.9 (v B.C.):—[[spoils]] taken in [[war]], A.''Th.''278, 479, E.''HF''417 (lyr.), [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''93; ἀρετᾶς λ. Id.''Tr.''646 (lyr.), cf. X.''HG''5.1.24, Aen.Tact. 16.8, ''Marm.Par.''53, [[LXX]] ''Ju.''15.7: —also in sg. [[λάφυρον]], Hellanic.143 J., Plb.2.62.12, ''IG''12(7).386.23 (Amorgos), Plu.2.330d, Ach.Tat.4.13, al.; <b class="b3">τὸ λάφυρον ἐπικηρύττειν κατά τινων</b> give [[public]] [[authority]] for [[plundering]] a [[people]], Plb.4.26.7; cf. [[ῥύσιον]], [[σύλη]]. | ||
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|lstext='''λάφῡρα''': [λᾰ], τά· (√ΛΑΒ, ΛΑΦ, [[λαμβάνω]])· ― ὡς καὶ νῦν, [[λεία]] ληφθεῖσα ἐν πολέμῳ, «πλιάτσικα», Λατ. spolia, Τραγ., ὡς Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 278, 479, Σοφ. Αἴ. 93· λ. ἀρετῆς ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Τρ. 646· [[ὡσαύτως]] ἐν Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 5. 1, 24, Χρον. Παρ. ἐν τῇ Συλ. Ἐπιγρ. 2374. 53· ― παρὰ μεταγεν. καθ’ ἑνικὸν λάφυρον, Πολύβ. 2. 62, 12, Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 2263c (προσθῆκ.), κ. ἀλλ.· ἐπικηρύττω τινὶ λάφυρον, [[παρέχω]] [[δημοσίᾳ]] τὴν ἄδειαν λεηλατήσεως λαοῦ τινος ἢ χώρας, Πολύβ. 4. 26, 7· πρβλ. ρύσιον, [[σύλη]]. | |lstext='''λάφῡρα''': [λᾰ], τά· (√ΛΑΒ, ΛΑΦ, [[λαμβάνω]])· ― ὡς καὶ νῦν, [[λεία]] ληφθεῖσα ἐν πολέμῳ, «πλιάτσικα», Λατ. [[spolia]], Τραγ., ὡς Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 278, 479, Σοφ. Αἴ. 93· λ. ἀρετῆς ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Τρ. 646· [[ὡσαύτως]] ἐν Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 5. 1, 24, Χρον. Παρ. ἐν τῇ Συλ. Ἐπιγρ. 2374. 53· ― παρὰ μεταγεν. καθ’ ἑνικὸν λάφυρον, Πολύβ. 2. 62, 12, Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 2263c (προσθῆκ.), κ. ἀλλ.· ἐπικηρύττω τινὶ λάφυρον, [[παρέχω]] [[δημοσίᾳ]] τὴν ἄδειαν λεηλατήσεως λαοῦ τινος ἢ χώρας, Πολύβ. 4. 26, 7· πρβλ. ρύσιον, [[σύλη]]. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[spoils]] (Ion.- Att.),<br />Other forms: pl., also sg. <b class="b3">-ον</b>,<br />Compounds: as 1. member e. g. <b class="b3">λαφυρο-πώλης</b> m. [[who sells spoils]] (X.);<br />Derivatives: [[λαφυρεύω]] (LXX), <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Aq.) [[plunder]].<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Formation with <b class="b3">ρ-</b>suffix (evt. <b class="b3">λ-</b>suff. with dissim.), first from a <b class="b3">υ-</b>stem, beside which we find in <b class="b3">ἀμφι-λαφής</b> (IA.; <b class="b3">*λάφος</b>) an <b class="b3">σ-</b>stem. The primary verb is seen in Skt. <b class="b2"> | |etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[spoils]] (Ion.- Att.),<br />Other forms: pl., also sg. <b class="b3">-ον</b>,<br />Compounds: as 1. member e. g. <b class="b3">λαφυρο-πώλης</b> m. [[who sells spoils]] (X.);<br />Derivatives: [[λαφυρεύω]] (LXX), <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Aq.) [[plunder]].<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Formation with <b class="b3">ρ-</b>suffix (evt. <b class="b3">λ-</b>suff. with dissim.), first from a <b class="b3">υ-</b>stem, beside which we find in <b class="b3">ἀμφι-λαφής</b> (IA.; <b class="b3">*λάφος</b>) an <b class="b3">σ-</b>stem. The primary verb is seen in Skt. <b class="b2">lábhate</b> [[take]], [[seize]]; further one connects from Baltic several nouns, e. g. Lith. <b class="b2">lõbis</b> [[big possession]], [[treasure]], [[riches]] (IE <b class="b2">*lābh-</b>), <b class="b2">lãbas</b> [[good]], subst. <b class="b2">good(s)</b> (Fraenkel Wb. s. v.). Forms of this verb may also be found in the stem of <b class="b3">λαμ-βάνω</b>, s. v. - This interpretation is wrong; the word has the suffix <b class="b3">-υρ-</b> which is Pre-Greek (Beekes, Pre-Greek, Suffixes). | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
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{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | {{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | ||
|woodrun=[[arms stripped from the dead]], [[arms taken from a foe]], [[arms taken from the dead]], [[arms taken from the foe]] | |woodrun=[[arms stripped from the dead]], [[arms taken from a foe]], [[arms taken from the dead]], [[arms taken from the foe]] | ||
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{{mantoulidis | |||
|mantxt=τά (=[[λεία]] τοῦ πολέμου, πλιάτσικα). Ἀπό ρίζα λαβλαφ- τοῦ [[λαμβάνω]], ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα. | |||
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{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[spoils]]=== | |||
Dutch: [[plundering]], [[roofbuit]]; French: [[pillage]], [[sac]]; German: [[Beute]]; Ancient Greek: [[σκῦλα]], [[λάφυρα]], [[φάλυρα]]; Latin: [[praeda]], [[exuviae]]; Maori: parakete, muremurenga; Russian: [[добыча]]; Sanskrit: गोग्रह | |||
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Latest revision as of 20:18, 24 September 2023
English (LSJ)
[λᾰ], τά, Arg. φάλυρα SIG56.9 (v B.C.):—spoils taken in war, A.Th.278, 479, E.HF417 (lyr.), S.Aj.93; ἀρετᾶς λ. Id.Tr.646 (lyr.), cf. X.HG5.1.24, Aen.Tact. 16.8, Marm.Par.53, LXX Ju.15.7: —also in sg. λάφυρον, Hellanic.143 J., Plb.2.62.12, IG12(7).386.23 (Amorgos), Plu.2.330d, Ach.Tat.4.13, al.; τὸ λάφυρον ἐπικηρύττειν κατά τινων give public authority for plundering a people, Plb.4.26.7; cf. ῥύσιον, σύλη.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
λάφῡρα: [λᾰ], τά· (√ΛΑΒ, ΛΑΦ, λαμβάνω)· ― ὡς καὶ νῦν, λεία ληφθεῖσα ἐν πολέμῳ, «πλιάτσικα», Λατ. spolia, Τραγ., ὡς Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 278, 479, Σοφ. Αἴ. 93· λ. ἀρετῆς ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Τρ. 646· ὡσαύτως ἐν Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 5. 1, 24, Χρον. Παρ. ἐν τῇ Συλ. Ἐπιγρ. 2374. 53· ― παρὰ μεταγεν. καθ’ ἑνικὸν λάφυρον, Πολύβ. 2. 62, 12, Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 2263c (προσθῆκ.), κ. ἀλλ.· ἐπικηρύττω τινὶ λάφυρον, παρέχω δημοσίᾳ τὴν ἄδειαν λεηλατήσεως λαοῦ τινος ἢ χώρας, Πολύβ. 4. 26, 7· πρβλ. ρύσιον, σύλη.
Greek Monolingual
Greek Monotonic
λάφῠρα: [λᾰ], τά (λαμβάνω), λεία πολέμου, Λατ. spolia, σε Τραγ., Ξεν.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: spoils (Ion.- Att.),
Other forms: pl., also sg. -ον,
Compounds: as 1. member e. g. λαφυρο-πώλης m. who sells spoils (X.);
Derivatives: λαφυρεύω (LXX), -έω (Aq.) plunder.
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: Formation with ρ-suffix (evt. λ-suff. with dissim.), first from a υ-stem, beside which we find in ἀμφι-λαφής (IA.; *λάφος) an σ-stem. The primary verb is seen in Skt. lábhate take, seize; further one connects from Baltic several nouns, e. g. Lith. lõbis big possession, treasure, riches (IE *lābh-), lãbas good, subst. good(s) (Fraenkel Wb. s. v.). Forms of this verb may also be found in the stem of λαμ-βάνω, s. v. - This interpretation is wrong; the word has the suffix -υρ- which is Pre-Greek (Beekes, Pre-Greek, Suffixes).
Middle Liddell
λᾰ́φῡρα, τά, λαμβάνω
spoils taken in war, Lat. spolia, Trag., Xen.
Frisk Etymology German
λάφυρα: {láphūra}
Forms: auch sg. -ον,
Grammar: n. pl.,
Meaning: Beutestücke, Siegesbeute (ion. att.),
Composita: als Vorderglied z. B. λαφυροπώλης m. Beuteverkäufer (X.);
Derivative: davon λαφυρεύω (LXX), -έω (Aq.) plündern.
Etymology: Bildung mit ρ-Suffix (ev. λ-Suff. mit Dissim.), zunächst von einem υ-Stamm, neben dem in ἀμφιλαφής (ion. att.; *λάφος) ein σ-Stamm (wenn nicht direkt von einem Verb) steht. Das entsprechende primäre Verb liegt in aind. lábhate erfassen, ergreifen vor; hinzu kommen aus dem Baltischen mehrere Nomina, z. B. lit. lõbis großer Besitz, Schatz, Reichtum (idg. lābh-), lãbas gut, Subst. Gut (Fraenkel Wb. s. v.). Formen dieses Verbs mögen auch in dem Thema von λαμβάνω enthalten sein, s. d.
Page 2,91
English (Woodhouse)
arms stripped from the dead, arms taken from a foe, arms taken from the dead, arms taken from the foe
Mantoulidis Etymological
τά (=λεία τοῦ πολέμου, πλιάτσικα). Ἀπό ρίζα λαβλαφ- τοῦ λαμβάνω, ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα.
