ἄλοξ: Difference between revisions
κινδυνεύει μὲν γὰρ ἡμῶν οὐδέτερος οὐδὲν καλὸν κἀγαθὸν εἰδέναι, ἀλλ᾽ οὗτος μὲν οἴεταί τι εἰδέναι οὐκ εἰδώς, ἐγὼ δέ, ὥσπερ οὖν οὐκ οἶδα, οὐδὲ οἴομαι· ἔοικα γοῦν τούτου γε σμικρῷ τινι αὐτῷ τούτῳ σοφώτερος εἶναι, ὅτι ἃ μὴ οἶδα οὐδὲ οἴομαι εἰδέναι. → for neither of us appears to know anything great and good; but he fancies he knows something, although he knows nothing; whereas I, as I do not know anything, so I do not fancy I do. In this trifling particular, then, I appear to be wiser than he, because I do not fancy I know what I do not know.
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|Transliteration C=aloks | |Transliteration C=aloks | ||
|Beta Code=a)/loc | |Beta Code=a)/loc | ||
|Definition=οκος, ἡ, < | |Definition=οκος, ἡ, = [[αὖλαξ]] ([[furrow]]). | ||
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{{pape | |||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0109.png Seite 109]] οκος, ἡ (von [[ἕλκω]], vgl. [[αὖλαξ]], ὦλξ), die Furche, Aesch. Ag. 987; Ar. Av. 234; dah. die Ritze, Wunde, ὄνυχος ἄλοκι νεοτόμῳ Aesch. Ch. 25; δορὸς [[ταχεῖα]] ἄλ. Eur. Herc. Fur. 161; βαθεῖα τραύματος ἄλ. Rhes. 790; ἄλοκα τέμνειν, von der Meerfahrt, Arion. 17. Bei den Trag. übertr. auf das Ehebett, gleichsam das Saatfeld des Menschengeschlechts, πατρῷαι ἄλοκες, des Vaters Ehebett, Soph. O. R. 1211; τέκνων ἄλοκα σπείρειν, Kinder zeugen, Eur. Phoen. 18. Auf den Geist übertr. sagt Aesch. βαθεῖαν ἄλοκα διὰ φρενὸς καρπούμενος Sept. 575. | |||
}} | |||
{{bailly | |||
|btext=οκος (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> [[sillon d'un champ]] ; champ ensemencé;<br /><b>2</b> <i>fig.</i> sein fécondé ; semence qui féconde le sein de la mère;<br /><b>3</b> [[sillon d'une égratignure]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. Ἐλκ faire une traînée ; cf. [[ἕλκος]], <i>lat.</i> [[sulcus]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''ἄλοξ:''' οκος (ᾰ) ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[борозда]] Aesch., Arph.;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[рубец]]; [[рана]] ([[νεότομος]] Aesch.; τραύματος ἄ. Eur.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[брачное ложе]] (πατρῷαι ἄλοκες Soph.): τέκνων ἄλοκα σπείρειν Eur. рождать детей. | |||
}} | |||
{{grml | |||
|mltxt=[[ἄλοξ]] (-οκος), η (Α) ([[ομηρικός]] [[τύπος]] σε [[αιτιατική]] ενικού που απαντά και σε πληθυντικό [[ὦλκα]], <i>ὦλκας</i> από άχρηστη ονομαστική <i>ὦλξ</i>)<br /><b>1.</b> το [[αυλάκι]] που σχηματίζει το [[αλέτρι]]<br /><b>2.</b> [[τραύμα]] που προκαλείται από [[νυχιά]], γρατζούνισμα<br /><b>3.</b> το [[αυλάκι]] που σχηματίζει στη [[θάλασσα]] το [[πλοίο]] που ταξιδεύει<br /><b>4.</b> (στην ποιητ. [[γλώσσα]]) η συζυγική [[κλίνη]] που εννοείται μτφ. ως [[αγρός]] του ανθρώπινου είδους.<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> Αβέβαιης ετυμολογίας. Παράλληλος τ. της λ. [[αὖλαξ]] που μαρτυρείται στους τραγικούς και στον Αριστοφάνη. Συνήθως ο τ. ερμηνεύεται ως [[προϊόν]] μεταθέσεως από τη [[ρίζα]] <i>ἀολκ</i>- που απαντά στον ομηρ. τ. αιτ. [[ὦλκα]] (<span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>ἀ</i>-<i>Fολκα</i>) «[[αύλακα]]» — <b>βλ.</b> και λ. [[αὖλαξ]].<br /><b><span style="color: brown;">ΠΑΡ.</span></b> <b>αρχ.</b> [[ἀλοκίζω]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{etym | |||
|etymtx=-κος<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[furrow]] (Trag., Com.).<br />Other forms: Also [[αὖλαξ]] (Hes.), [[ὦλκα]], <b class="b3">-ας</b> acc. sg., pl. (Hom.), Dor. [[ὦλαξ]] EM 625, 37and in <b class="b3">ὁμ-ώλακες</b> (A. R. 2, 396). Further [[εὑλάκα]] [[plough]] with the Lacon. fut. inf. [[εὑλαξεῖν]] (Orac. ap. Th. 5, 16); and <b class="b3">αὑλάχα ἡ ὕννις</b> H. and <b class="b3">*ὄλοκες</b> (cod. [[ὀλοκεύς]]) [[αὔλακες]] H.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: The relation between these forms was unclear. Solmsen Unt. 258ff. explained [[ὦλκα]] from <b class="b3">*ἄϜολκα</b> (<b class="b3">κατὰ ὦλκα Ν</b> 707 for original <b class="b3">*κατ</b>' [[ἄϜολκα]]); it is strange that this form did not live on. Beside <b class="b3">*ἀ-Ϝολκ-</b> the zero grade would give <b class="b3">*ἀ-Ϝλακ-</b> in [[αὖλαξ]]. The root was supposed in Lith. <b class="b2">velkù</b>, OCS <b class="b2">vlěkǫ</b>, Av. <b class="b2">varǝk-</b> [[draw]]; one could assume <b class="b2">*h₂uelk-</b>. This is tempting, but must not be correct. If the Balto-Slavic words are isolated (there is further only Av. <b class="b2">vǝrǝc-</b>), the verb may be non-IE; also it is rather <b class="b2">*uelkʷ-</b>, which makes the connection with Greek impossible; further there is no trace of the verb in Greek, which has [[ἔλκω]] < <b class="b2">*selk-</b>. [[εὑλάκα]] can no longer be explained from different prothesis, <b class="b3">*ἐ-Ϝλακ-</b>. But [[ἄλοξ]] cannot be explained in this way: metathesis of <b class="b3">*αϜολκ-</b> would give <b class="b3">*αυλοκ-</b>; an after the F had disappeared, metathesis was no longer possible (only contraction to <b class="b3">*ωλκ-</b>). - I see no reason to reject <b class="b3">ὀλοκ-</b>. [[ὦλαξ]] was perhaps taken from a compound, like <b class="b3">ὁμώλακ-</b>, which would give <b class="b3">*ολακ-</b>. - Pisani JF 53, 29 derived [[αὖλαξ]] from [[αὑλός]] and separated it from [[ἄλοξ]] etc., which is improbable. - The variants are strongly reminiscent of substr. words, as Beekes Dev. 40 held (withdrawn ib. 275-7). Variation of prothetic [[ε]]/[[α]]/[[ο]]/[[αυ]]/[[ευ]] is typical of substr. words, as is [[κ]]/[[χ]] ([[αὐλάχα]]). So more probably we have to assume a substr. word. The start with the Homeric form was wrong: it is the only form that has no vowel between [[λ]] and [[κ]], and is therefore suspect. If we assume labialised phonemes, like [[lʷ]], a reconstruction <b class="b2">*alʷak-</b> gives all forms: [[αὖλαξ]] (by anticipation of the labial feature; which gives [[ὦλαξ]] by contraction), [[ἄλοξ]] (influence on the second vowel; <b class="b3">ὀλοκ-</b> on both vowels), interchange [[α]]/[[ε]] gave <b class="b3">εὐλακ-</b>; see Beekes Pre-Gr., and cf. [[ἀρασχάδες]] etc. Homer might have had <b class="b3">*κατ</b>' <b class="b3">ὠλακ(α</b>), which became unclear during the tradition. | |||
}} | |||
{{FriskDe | |||
|ftr='''ἄλοξ''': -κος<br />{áloks}<br />'''Forms''': Mehrere Nebenformen: [[αὖλαξ]] (Hes., Hdt., Pi. usw.) [[ὦλκα]], -ας Akk. sg. und pl. (ep.), [[ὦλαξ]] ''EM'' 625, 37, als dorisch bezeichnet, aus der Lit. nur durch das Komp. ὁμώλακες (A. R. 2, 396, nach den Scholl. dor.) bekannt. Ferner [[εὐλάκα]] [[Pflug]] mit dem lakon. Fut. inf. [[εὐλαξεῖν]] (Orac. ap. Th. 5, 16). Umbildung zum ''ā''-Stamm mit gleichzeitiger Aspiration des Gutturals auch in [[αὐλάχα]]· ἡ [[ὕννις]] H. Außerdem [[ὄλοκες]] (cod. ὀλοκεύς)· αὔλακες H.<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Furche]] (Trag., Kom.).<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: [[ἀλοκίζω]] [[Furchen ziehen]], [[pflügen]] (Ar., Lyk.); [[αὐλακίζω]] ib. (Pap. usw.) mit dem Verbalnomen [[αὐλακισμός]] (Pap.). Außerdem von [[αὖλαξ]] die seltenen und späten Nomina [[αὐλακόεις]] (Max.), [[αὐλακώδης]] (Eust.), [[αὐλάκιον]] Demin. (Schol.).<br />'''Etymology''': Das Verhältnis der verschiedenen Formen zueinander kann nicht mit völliger Sicherheit festgestellt werden. Nach Solmsen Unt. 258ff. steht ep. [[ὦλκα]](ς) für *ἄολκα(ς) aus *ἄϝολκα(ς) mit sekundärer Kontraktion (κατὰ [[ὦλκα]] Ν 707 für ursprüngliches *κατ’ ἄϝολκα). Durch Umstellung von *ἀολκ- wäre [[ἄλοξ]] entstanden. Neben der Vollstufe *ἀϝολκ- stehe die Schwundstufe *ἀϝλακ- in [[αὖλαξ]] und, mit verschiedener Vokalprothese, *ἐϝλακ- in [[εὐλάκα]]. Die übrigen Formen seien durch Verschränkungen hervorgegangen. (Verfehlt v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 43.) — Nach Pisani JF 53, 29 gehört [[αὖλαξ]] zu [[αὐλός]] und ist von [[ἄλοξ]] und den übrigen Formen zu trennen. [[ἄλοξ]] usw. gehört als altes ablautendes Wurzelnomen zu dem in lit. ''velkù'', aksl. ''vlěkǫ'', aw. ''varək''- [[ziehen]], [[schleppen]] vorliegenden Verb, Grundbedeutung also ‘die (sich) Ziehende’. Eine Parallelbildung liegt in [[ἕλκω]] (idg. ''selq''-) vor. Die Versuche, idg. ''u̯elq''- und ''selq''- in eine gemeinsame Grundform ''su̯elq''- hineinzuzwingen (zuletzt Specht KZ 66, 25f.), haben wenig Wert; eher liegen alte Reimwörter vor.<br />'''Page''' 1,77 | |||
}} | |||
{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt== [[αὖλαξ]]<br />a [[furrow]]: v. [[αὖλαξ]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{lsm | |||
|lsmtext='''ἄλοξ:''' -οκος, ἡ = [[αὖλαξ]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{ls | |||
|lstext='''ἄλοξ''': οκος, ἡ, = [[αὖλαξ]], ὃ ἴδε. | |||
}} | |||
{{DGE | |||
|dgtxt=v. [[αὖλαξ]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[furrow]]=== | |||
Afrikaans: voor; Albanian: hulli, brazdë; Arabic: ثَلْم; Egyptian Arabic: حرت; Moroccan Arabic: خط; Armenian: ակոս; Old Armenian: ակօս; Azerbaijani: şırım, qırış; Bashkir: бураҙна; Belarusian: разора, баразна; Breton: ant; Bulgarian: бразда; Burmese: ထွန်ကြောင်း; Catalan: solc; Chinese Mandarin: 壟溝, 垄沟, 溝, 沟; Crimean Tatar: barazna; Czech: brázda; Danish: fure, plovfure; Dutch: [[vore]], [[voor]]; Esperanto: tersulko; Estonian: vagu; Finnish: vako, kyntövako; French: [[sillon]], [[rigole]]; Galician: rego, suco; Georgian: კვალი; German: [[Furche]]; Greek: [[αυλάκι]]; Ancient Greek: [[αὖλαξ]], [[ἄλοξ]], [[ὦλαξ]], [[ὦλξ]]; Hebrew: תֶּלֶם; Hindi: कुंड; Hungarian: barázda; Ido: sulko; Irish: clais; Italian: [[solco]]; Japanese: 溝, 畝; Kashubian: barzda, barzda, brózda; Kazakh: атыз, борозда; Korean: 고랑, 밭고랑; Kyrgyz: бороздо; Lao: ຮ່ອງ, ຮອຍໄຖ, ຄອງ; Latgalian: voga; Latin: [[sulcus]]; Latvian: vaga; Lezgi: хвал; Lithuanian: vaga; Livonian: vag; Luxembourgish: Fuer; Macedonian: бразда; Malay: alur; Maori: awa; Middle English: forow; Mongolian: шан; Norwegian: fure, fòr, renne; Occitan: rega; Old Church Slavonic: бразда; Persian: شیار; Polabian: bordză; Polish: bruzda; Portuguese: [[sulco]], [[rego]]; Quechua: khata, suka; Romanian: brazdă; Romansch: sultg; Russian: [[борозда]], [[бразда]]; Scottish Gaelic: clais; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: бразда; Roman: brazda; Slovak: brázda; Slovene: brazda; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: brozda; Upper Sorbian: brózda; Spanish: [[surco]]; Swedish: fåra, plogfåra; Tabasaran: хул; Tajik: шияр; Thai: ร่อง; Turkish: kırışık, kırışıklık, çizgi; Turkmen: keşlemek; Ugaritic: 𐎚𐎍𐎎; Ukrainian: борозна; Uzbek: egat, joʻyak; Venetian: solẑ; Vietnamese: rãnh, luống; Vilamovian: fiüch; Walloon: roye, royon; Welsh: rhych; West Frisian: fuorge | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 09:01, 20 October 2023
English (LSJ)
German (Pape)
[Seite 109] οκος, ἡ (von ἕλκω, vgl. αὖλαξ, ὦλξ), die Furche, Aesch. Ag. 987; Ar. Av. 234; dah. die Ritze, Wunde, ὄνυχος ἄλοκι νεοτόμῳ Aesch. Ch. 25; δορὸς ταχεῖα ἄλ. Eur. Herc. Fur. 161; βαθεῖα τραύματος ἄλ. Rhes. 790; ἄλοκα τέμνειν, von der Meerfahrt, Arion. 17. Bei den Trag. übertr. auf das Ehebett, gleichsam das Saatfeld des Menschengeschlechts, πατρῷαι ἄλοκες, des Vaters Ehebett, Soph. O. R. 1211; τέκνων ἄλοκα σπείρειν, Kinder zeugen, Eur. Phoen. 18. Auf den Geist übertr. sagt Aesch. βαθεῖαν ἄλοκα διὰ φρενὸς καρπούμενος Sept. 575.
French (Bailly abrégé)
οκος (ἡ) :
1 sillon d'un champ ; champ ensemencé;
2 fig. sein fécondé ; semence qui féconde le sein de la mère;
3 sillon d'une égratignure.
Étymologie: R. Ἐλκ faire une traînée ; cf. ἕλκος, lat. sulcus.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἄλοξ: οκος (ᾰ) ἡ
1 борозда Aesch., Arph.;
2 рубец; рана (νεότομος Aesch.; τραύματος ἄ. Eur.);
3 брачное ложе (πατρῷαι ἄλοκες Soph.): τέκνων ἄλοκα σπείρειν Eur. рождать детей.
Greek Monolingual
ἄλοξ (-οκος), η (Α) (ομηρικός τύπος σε αιτιατική ενικού που απαντά και σε πληθυντικό ὦλκα, ὦλκας από άχρηστη ονομαστική ὦλξ)
1. το αυλάκι που σχηματίζει το αλέτρι
2. τραύμα που προκαλείται από νυχιά, γρατζούνισμα
3. το αυλάκι που σχηματίζει στη θάλασσα το πλοίο που ταξιδεύει
4. (στην ποιητ. γλώσσα) η συζυγική κλίνη που εννοείται μτφ. ως αγρός του ανθρώπινου είδους.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολογίας. Παράλληλος τ. της λ. αὖλαξ που μαρτυρείται στους τραγικούς και στον Αριστοφάνη. Συνήθως ο τ. ερμηνεύεται ως προϊόν μεταθέσεως από τη ρίζα ἀολκ- που απαντά στον ομηρ. τ. αιτ. ὦλκα (< ἀ-Fολκα) «αύλακα» — βλ. και λ. αὖλαξ.
ΠΑΡ. αρχ. ἀλοκίζω.
Frisk Etymological English
-κος
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: furrow (Trag., Com.).
Other forms: Also αὖλαξ (Hes.), ὦλκα, -ας acc. sg., pl. (Hom.), Dor. ὦλαξ EM 625, 37and in ὁμ-ώλακες (A. R. 2, 396). Further εὑλάκα plough with the Lacon. fut. inf. εὑλαξεῖν (Orac. ap. Th. 5, 16); and αὑλάχα ἡ ὕννις H. and *ὄλοκες (cod. ὀλοκεύς) αὔλακες H.
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: The relation between these forms was unclear. Solmsen Unt. 258ff. explained ὦλκα from *ἄϜολκα (κατὰ ὦλκα Ν 707 for original *κατ' ἄϜολκα); it is strange that this form did not live on. Beside *ἀ-Ϝολκ- the zero grade would give *ἀ-Ϝλακ- in αὖλαξ. The root was supposed in Lith. velkù, OCS vlěkǫ, Av. varǝk- draw; one could assume *h₂uelk-. This is tempting, but must not be correct. If the Balto-Slavic words are isolated (there is further only Av. vǝrǝc-), the verb may be non-IE; also it is rather *uelkʷ-, which makes the connection with Greek impossible; further there is no trace of the verb in Greek, which has ἔλκω < *selk-. εὑλάκα can no longer be explained from different prothesis, *ἐ-Ϝλακ-. But ἄλοξ cannot be explained in this way: metathesis of *αϜολκ- would give *αυλοκ-; an after the F had disappeared, metathesis was no longer possible (only contraction to *ωλκ-). - I see no reason to reject ὀλοκ-. ὦλαξ was perhaps taken from a compound, like ὁμώλακ-, which would give *ολακ-. - Pisani JF 53, 29 derived αὖλαξ from αὑλός and separated it from ἄλοξ etc., which is improbable. - The variants are strongly reminiscent of substr. words, as Beekes Dev. 40 held (withdrawn ib. 275-7). Variation of prothetic ε/α/ο/αυ/ευ is typical of substr. words, as is κ/χ (αὐλάχα). So more probably we have to assume a substr. word. The start with the Homeric form was wrong: it is the only form that has no vowel between λ and κ, and is therefore suspect. If we assume labialised phonemes, like lʷ, a reconstruction *alʷak- gives all forms: αὖλαξ (by anticipation of the labial feature; which gives ὦλαξ by contraction), ἄλοξ (influence on the second vowel; ὀλοκ- on both vowels), interchange α/ε gave εὐλακ-; see Beekes Pre-Gr., and cf. ἀρασχάδες etc. Homer might have had *κατ' ὠλακ(α), which became unclear during the tradition.
Frisk Etymology German
ἄλοξ: -κος
{áloks}
Forms: Mehrere Nebenformen: αὖλαξ (Hes., Hdt., Pi. usw.) ὦλκα, -ας Akk. sg. und pl. (ep.), ὦλαξ EM 625, 37, als dorisch bezeichnet, aus der Lit. nur durch das Komp. ὁμώλακες (A. R. 2, 396, nach den Scholl. dor.) bekannt. Ferner εὐλάκα Pflug mit dem lakon. Fut. inf. εὐλαξεῖν (Orac. ap. Th. 5, 16). Umbildung zum ā-Stamm mit gleichzeitiger Aspiration des Gutturals auch in αὐλάχα· ἡ ὕννις H. Außerdem ὄλοκες (cod. ὀλοκεύς)· αὔλακες H.
Grammar: f.
Meaning: Furche (Trag., Kom.).
Derivative: Ableitungen: ἀλοκίζω Furchen ziehen, pflügen (Ar., Lyk.); αὐλακίζω ib. (Pap. usw.) mit dem Verbalnomen αὐλακισμός (Pap.). Außerdem von αὖλαξ die seltenen und späten Nomina αὐλακόεις (Max.), αὐλακώδης (Eust.), αὐλάκιον Demin. (Schol.).
Etymology: Das Verhältnis der verschiedenen Formen zueinander kann nicht mit völliger Sicherheit festgestellt werden. Nach Solmsen Unt. 258ff. steht ep. ὦλκα(ς) für *ἄολκα(ς) aus *ἄϝολκα(ς) mit sekundärer Kontraktion (κατὰ ὦλκα Ν 707 für ursprüngliches *κατ’ ἄϝολκα). Durch Umstellung von *ἀολκ- wäre ἄλοξ entstanden. Neben der Vollstufe *ἀϝολκ- stehe die Schwundstufe *ἀϝλακ- in αὖλαξ und, mit verschiedener Vokalprothese, *ἐϝλακ- in εὐλάκα. Die übrigen Formen seien durch Verschränkungen hervorgegangen. (Verfehlt v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 43.) — Nach Pisani JF 53, 29 gehört αὖλαξ zu αὐλός und ist von ἄλοξ und den übrigen Formen zu trennen. ἄλοξ usw. gehört als altes ablautendes Wurzelnomen zu dem in lit. velkù, aksl. vlěkǫ, aw. varək- ziehen, schleppen vorliegenden Verb, Grundbedeutung also ‘die (sich) Ziehende’. Eine Parallelbildung liegt in ἕλκω (idg. selq-) vor. Die Versuche, idg. u̯elq- und selq- in eine gemeinsame Grundform su̯elq- hineinzuzwingen (zuletzt Specht KZ 66, 25f.), haben wenig Wert; eher liegen alte Reimwörter vor.
Page 1,77
Middle Liddell
Greek Monotonic
ἄλοξ: -οκος, ἡ = αὖλαξ.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἄλοξ: οκος, ἡ, = αὖλαξ, ὃ ἴδε.
Spanish (DGE)
v. αὖλαξ.
Translations
furrow
Afrikaans: voor; Albanian: hulli, brazdë; Arabic: ثَلْم; Egyptian Arabic: حرت; Moroccan Arabic: خط; Armenian: ակոս; Old Armenian: ակօս; Azerbaijani: şırım, qırış; Bashkir: бураҙна; Belarusian: разора, баразна; Breton: ant; Bulgarian: бразда; Burmese: ထွန်ကြောင်း; Catalan: solc; Chinese Mandarin: 壟溝, 垄沟, 溝, 沟; Crimean Tatar: barazna; Czech: brázda; Danish: fure, plovfure; Dutch: vore, voor; Esperanto: tersulko; Estonian: vagu; Finnish: vako, kyntövako; French: sillon, rigole; Galician: rego, suco; Georgian: კვალი; German: Furche; Greek: αυλάκι; Ancient Greek: αὖλαξ, ἄλοξ, ὦλαξ, ὦλξ; Hebrew: תֶּלֶם; Hindi: कुंड; Hungarian: barázda; Ido: sulko; Irish: clais; Italian: solco; Japanese: 溝, 畝; Kashubian: barzda, barzda, brózda; Kazakh: атыз, борозда; Korean: 고랑, 밭고랑; Kyrgyz: бороздо; Lao: ຮ່ອງ, ຮອຍໄຖ, ຄອງ; Latgalian: voga; Latin: sulcus; Latvian: vaga; Lezgi: хвал; Lithuanian: vaga; Livonian: vag; Luxembourgish: Fuer; Macedonian: бразда; Malay: alur; Maori: awa; Middle English: forow; Mongolian: шан; Norwegian: fure, fòr, renne; Occitan: rega; Old Church Slavonic: бразда; Persian: شیار; Polabian: bordză; Polish: bruzda; Portuguese: sulco, rego; Quechua: khata, suka; Romanian: brazdă; Romansch: sultg; Russian: борозда, бразда; Scottish Gaelic: clais; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: бразда; Roman: brazda; Slovak: brázda; Slovene: brazda; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: brozda; Upper Sorbian: brózda; Spanish: surco; Swedish: fåra, plogfåra; Tabasaran: хул; Tajik: шияр; Thai: ร่อง; Turkish: kırışık, kırışıklık, çizgi; Turkmen: keşlemek; Ugaritic: 𐎚𐎍𐎎; Ukrainian: борозна; Uzbek: egat, joʻyak; Venetian: solẑ; Vietnamese: rãnh, luống; Vilamovian: fiüch; Walloon: roye, royon; Welsh: rhych; West Frisian: fuorge
