ἀναγκαῖον: Difference between revisions
Θεράπευε τὸν δυνάμενον, ἄνπερ νοῦν ἔχῃς (αἰεί σ' ὠφελεῖν) → Si mens est tibi, coles potentes qui sient → Dem Mächtigen sei zu Willen, bist du bei Verstand (Sei immer dem zu Willen, der dir nützen kann)
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|Transliteration C=anagkaion | |Transliteration C=anagkaion | ||
|Beta Code=a)nagkai=on | |Beta Code=a)nagkai=on | ||
|Definition=τό, < | |Definition=τό,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[place of constraint]], [[prison]], X.''HG''5.4.8 and 14, cf. Harp., who adds <b class="b3">Καλλισθένης δὲ ἀνώγεων εἶπεν, ὃ δεῖ μᾶλλον λέγεσθαι</b>: but correct reading is prob. [[ἀνάκαιον]] (preserved in Suid. and ''AB''98, as used by Boeotians), or [[Ἀνάκειον]], [[quod vide|q.v.]], as in D.45.80, cf. ''EM''98.32.<br><span class="bld">II</span> = [[αἰδοῖον]], Artem.1.45, Eust.1968.39, ''Cat.Cod.Astr.''8(4).133 (pl.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[privy]], ''Glossaria''<br><span class="bld">IV</span> = [[ἀναγκαιοπότης]], Plaut.''Rud.''363. | ||
}} | |||
{{bailly | |||
|btext=ου (τό) :<br /><i>[[pudendum muliebre]]</i>.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀναγκαῖος]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''ἀναγκαῖον:''' τό<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[необходимость]], [[настоятельная потребность]]: τὰ ἀναγκαῖα (τοῦ βίου) Xen., Isocr. жизненные потребности;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[неизбежность]] (τὰ ἐκ θεοῦ ἀναγκαῖα Xen.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[принудительность]] (τῆς ἀρχῆς Thuc.);<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[нужда]]: ὡς οῖόν τ᾽ ἦν ἐξ ἀναγκαίου Thuc. насколько позволяли трудные обстоятельства;<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[темница]], [[тюрьма]] Xen. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{ls | {{ls | ||
|lstext='''ἀναγκαῖον''': τό, [[τόπος]] περιορισμοῦ, [[εἱρκτή]], [[φυλακή]], Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 5. 4, 8 καὶ 14, πρβλ. Ἁρποκρ., [[ὅστις]] προσθέτει Καλλισθένης δὲ ἀνώγεων εἶπεν, ὃ δεῖ [[μᾶλλον]] λέγεσθαι: - ἀλλ’ ἡ ὀρθὴ γραφὴ φαίνεται ὅτι [[εἶναι]] [[ἀνάκαιον]] (παρὰ Σουΐδᾳ ἐν χωρίῳ ἀναφερομένῳ εἰς τόν Ἰσαῖον εἰς ὃ παραπέμπει καὶ ὁ Ἁρποκρ. διὰ τῆν λέξ. [[ἀναγκαῖον]]), ἢ [[Ἀνάκειον]], ὃ ἴδε, ὡς ἐν Δημ. 1125. 24, πρβλ. Ἐτυμολ. Μ. 98. 32. ΙΙ. [[αἰδοῖον]], Ἀρτεμίδ. 1. 47, Εὐστ., κτλ., πρβλ. Meineke Κωμ. Ἀποσπάσμ. 3. σ. 309. ΙΙΙ. [[ἀφοδευτήριον]], [[ἀπόπατος]], ὡς καὶ νῦν, Βυζ. | |lstext='''ἀναγκαῖον''': τό, [[τόπος]] περιορισμοῦ, [[εἱρκτή]], [[φυλακή]], Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 5. 4, 8 καὶ 14, πρβλ. Ἁρποκρ., [[ὅστις]] προσθέτει Καλλισθένης δὲ ἀνώγεων εἶπεν, ὃ δεῖ [[μᾶλλον]] λέγεσθαι: - ἀλλ’ ἡ ὀρθὴ γραφὴ φαίνεται ὅτι [[εἶναι]] [[ἀνάκαιον]] (παρὰ Σουΐδᾳ ἐν χωρίῳ ἀναφερομένῳ εἰς τόν Ἰσαῖον εἰς ὃ παραπέμπει καὶ ὁ Ἁρποκρ. διὰ τῆν λέξ. [[ἀναγκαῖον]]), ἢ [[Ἀνάκειον]], ὃ ἴδε, ὡς ἐν Δημ. 1125. 24, πρβλ. Ἐτυμολ. Μ. 98. 32. ΙΙ. [[αἰδοῖον]], Ἀρτεμίδ. 1. 47, Εὐστ., κτλ., πρβλ. Meineke Κωμ. Ἀποσπάσμ. 3. σ. 309. ΙΙΙ. [[ἀφοδευτήριον]], [[ἀπόπατος]], ὡς καὶ νῦν, Βυζ. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{lsm | {{lsm | ||
|lsmtext='''ἀναγκαῖον:''' τό ([[ἀνάγκη]]), [[τόπος]] περιορισμού, [[φυλακή]], σε Ξεν.· άλλοι διαβάζουν <i>Ἀνακεῖον</i>. | |lsmtext='''ἀναγκαῖον:''' τό ([[ἀνάγκη]]), [[τόπος]] περιορισμού, [[φυλακή]], σε Ξεν.· άλλοι διαβάζουν <i>Ἀνακεῖον</i>. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
|mdlsjtxt=[[ἀνάγκη]]<br />a [[place]] of [[constraint]], a [[prison]], Xen.:—others [[read]] Ἀνακεῖον. | |mdlsjtxt=[[ἀνάγκη]]<br />a [[place]] of [[constraint]], a [[prison]], Xen.:—others [[read]] Ἀνακεῖον. | ||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[prison]]=== | |||
Abkhaz: абахҭа; Adzera: karabus; Afrikaans: tronk, gevangenis; Albanian: burg; Amharic: ከርቼሌ, ዘብጥያ; Arabic: سِجْن; Egyptian Arabic: سجن; Hijazi Arabic: سِجِن; Moroccan Arabic: حبْس; Aramaic: ܚܒܘܫܝܐ; Armenian: բանտ; Aromanian: ncljisoari, hapsi, hãpsani, filichii, zundani, pudrumi; Asturian: cárcel, prisión; Avar: турма; Azerbaijani: həbsxana, zindan, dustaqxana, qazamat, türmə, həbs; Bashkir: төрмә; Basque: espetxe; Belarusian: турма, цямні́ца, астрог; Bengali: কারাগার; Bulgarian: затвор, дранголник, тъмница, тюрма, зандан; Burmese: အကျဉ်းထောင်, ထောင်; Catalan: presó, càrcer, presidi; Cebuano: bilanggoan, prisohan; Chechen: набахти; Cherokee: ᏗᏓᏍᏚᏗ; Chinese Cantonese: 監獄, 监狱, 牢獄, 牢狱, 監牢, 监牢; Dungan: йүҗян, банфонзы; Hakka: 監獄, 监狱, 監牢, 监牢, 囹仔; Mandarin: 監獄, 监狱, 牢獄, 牢狱, 監牢, 监牢, 班房; Min Nan: 監牢, 监牢, 監獄, 监狱, 櫳仔, 栊仔, 櫳仔內, 栊仔内; Wu: 監獄, 监狱; Coptic: ϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ, ⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ; Cornish: prison; Corsican: prigione, prigiò, prighjò, carcere, carcera; Czech: vězení, žalář, věznice; Danish: fængsel; Dutch: [[gevangenis]], [[kerker]]; English: [[big house]], [[calaboose]], [[can]], [[chokey]], [[choky]], [[clink]], [[correctional facility]], [[correctional institution]], [[hock]], [[house of detention]], [[joint]], [[jug]], [[nick]], [[pen]], [[penitentiary]], [[porridge]], [[prison]], [[queer ken]], [[slam]], [[slammer]], [[stir]]; Esperanto: malliberejo, prizono; Estonian: vangla; Farefare: yʋ'a deem; Faroese: fongsul, fangahús, gegl; Finnish: vankila, tyrmä; French: [[prison]], [[cabane]], [[geôle]], [[pénitencier]]; Old French: prison; Galician: prisión, cárcere, cadea, trenla; Georgian: ციხე, საპატიმრო; German: [[Gefängnis]], [[Knast]], [[Kerker]], [[Zuchthaus]]; Greek: [[γκιζντάνι]], [[δεσμωτήριο]], [[μπουζού]], [[στενή]], [[φρέσκο]], [[φυλάκα]], [[φυλακή]], [[ψειρού]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀναγκαῖον]], [[ἀπόκλεισμα]], [[ἀποκλεισμός]], [[δεσμοφυλάκειον]], [[δεσμωτήριον]], [[δικαιωτήριον]], [[εἰργμός]], [[εἱργμός]], [[εἰρκτή]], [[κάρκαρον]], [[κάρκαρος]], [[ὁρκάνη]], [[ὀχύρωμα]], [[συγκλειστήριον]], [[σωματοτροφεῖον]], [[τηρητήριον]], [[φρούριον]], [[φρουρά]], [[φρουρή]], [[φυλακή]]; Greenlandic: parnaarussivik; Gujarati: તુરંગ; Hebrew: כֶּלֶא, בֵּית כֶּלֶא, בֵּית סֹהַר, בֵּית הָאֲסוּרִים; Hiligaynon: bilanggoan; Hindi: कारागार, बन्दीघर, जेल, क़ैदख़ाना; Hungarian: börtön; Icelandic: fangelsi; Ido: karcero; Ilocano: pagbaludan; Indonesian: penjara; Irish: príosún, carcair; Italian: [[prigione]], [[carcere]], [[fresco]]; Japanese: 監獄, 刑務所, 牢屋, 牢; Jarai: sang krư̆, sang mơnă; Kannada: ಜೈಲು; Kazakh: түрме, абақты; Khmer: គុក, ពន្ធនាគារ; Korean: 교도소(矯導所), 교화소(敎化所), 감옥(監獄), 형무소(刑務所); Kurdish Central Kurdish: بەندیخانە, گرتوخانە, زندان; Northern Kurdish: girtîgeh, zindan; Kyrgyz: түрмө, абак; Lao: ຄຸກ, ເຮືອນຈຳກາງ, ພັນທະນາຄານ, ຕະລາງ, ໂຮງຣາຊທັນ; Latin: [[carcer]]; Latvian: cietums; Lithuanian: kalėjimas; Livonian: vizākuodā; Luxembourgish: Prisong; Macedonian: затвор, зандана; Malay: penjara; Malayalam: കാരാഗൃഹം, ജയില്, തുറുങ്ക്; Maltese: ħabs; Manx: pryssoon; Maori: whare herehere; Marathi: तुरुंग; Mongolian Cyrillic: шорон, гяндан, хар гэр; Moore: bãens-roogo, bi-bees roogo; Navajo: awáalya; Nepali: थाना; Northern Sami: fáŋgal, ladni; Norwegian Bokmål: fengsel; Nynorsk: fengsel; Occitan: preson; Ojibwe: gibaakwa'odiiwigamig; Okinawan: 監獄, 牢屋, 牢; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: тьмьница, острогъ; Old East Slavic: тюрма, тьмьница, острогъ; Old English: cweartern, carcern; Oromo: mana hidhaa; Ossetian: ахӕстон; Pashto: زندان, اړتون, بنديخانه, جېل, جېلخانه, قيدخانه, محبس; Persian: زندان; Plautdietsch: Kjarkja, Jefenkjniss; Polish: więzienie, pierdel; Portuguese: [[prisão]], [[cadeia]], [[xadrez]], [[cárcere]]; Punjabi: ਜੇਲ੍ਹ, ਬੰਦੀਖਾਨਾ, ਬੰਦੀਖ਼ਾਨਾ, ਕੈਦਖਾਨਾ, ਕੈਦਖ਼ਾਨਾ; Quechua: laqha wasi; Romanian: închisoare, pușcărie, temniță; Romansch: praschun; Russian: [[тюрьма]], [[темница]], [[острог]], [[кутузка]], [[каталажка]], [[тюряга]], [[зона]], [[каземат]]; Sanskrit: कारागृह, कारागार; Scots: preeson; Scottish Gaelic: prìosan; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: затвор, та̀мница; Roman: zátvor, tàmnica; Sinhalese: සිරගෙදර; Slovak: väznica, väzenie, žalár; Slovene: zapor, ječa; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: popajźeństwo; Upper Sorbian: jastwo; Southern Altai: тӱрме; Spanish: [[cárcel]], [[prisión]], [[penitenciaría]], [[chirona]], [[trullo]], [[talego]]; Svan: დჷლიგ; Swahili: jela, gereza; Swedish: fängelse; Tagalog: bilangguan, piitan; Tajik: зиндон; Tamil: சிறை, சிறைச்சாலை; Tatar: төрмә; Telugu: జైలు, కారాగారం; Thai: คุก, กรงขัง, เรือนจำ, พันธนาคาร, ทัณฑสถาน; Tibetan: བཙོན་ཁང; Tigrinya: ቤት ማእሰርቲ; Tocharian B: prautke; Tok Pisin: kalabus; Turkish: hapis, hapishane, cezaevi; Turkmen: türme; Tuvan: кара-бажың; Ukrainian: в'язниця, тюрма, темниця, острог; Urdu: کاراگار, بندیگھر, جیل, قیدخانہ; Uyghur: تۈرمە, قاماقخانا; Uzbek: turma, qamoqxona; Vietnamese: tù, nhà tù; Volapük: fanäböp; Walloon: prijhon; Welsh: carchar; West Frisian: finzenis; Yiddish: טורמע, תּפֿיסה; Yonaguni: 牢屋; Zhuang: banfuengz, gam, lauz, fuengz | |||
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Latest revision as of 08:26, 12 April 2024
English (LSJ)
τό,
A place of constraint, prison, X.HG5.4.8 and 14, cf. Harp., who adds Καλλισθένης δὲ ἀνώγεων εἶπεν, ὃ δεῖ μᾶλλον λέγεσθαι: but correct reading is prob. ἀνάκαιον (preserved in Suid. and AB98, as used by Boeotians), or Ἀνάκειον, q.v., as in D.45.80, cf. EM98.32.
II = αἰδοῖον, Artem.1.45, Eust.1968.39, Cat.Cod.Astr.8(4).133 (pl.).
III privy, Glossaria
IV = ἀναγκαιοπότης, Plaut.Rud.363.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ου (τό) :
pudendum muliebre.
Étymologie: ἀναγκαῖος.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἀναγκαῖον: τό
1 необходимость, настоятельная потребность: τὰ ἀναγκαῖα (τοῦ βίου) Xen., Isocr. жизненные потребности;
2 неизбежность (τὰ ἐκ θεοῦ ἀναγκαῖα Xen.);
3 принудительность (τῆς ἀρχῆς Thuc.);
4 нужда: ὡς οῖόν τ᾽ ἦν ἐξ ἀναγκαίου Thuc. насколько позволяли трудные обстоятельства;
5 темница, тюрьма Xen.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἀναγκαῖον: τό, τόπος περιορισμοῦ, εἱρκτή, φυλακή, Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 5. 4, 8 καὶ 14, πρβλ. Ἁρποκρ., ὅστις προσθέτει Καλλισθένης δὲ ἀνώγεων εἶπεν, ὃ δεῖ μᾶλλον λέγεσθαι: - ἀλλ’ ἡ ὀρθὴ γραφὴ φαίνεται ὅτι εἶναι ἀνάκαιον (παρὰ Σουΐδᾳ ἐν χωρίῳ ἀναφερομένῳ εἰς τόν Ἰσαῖον εἰς ὃ παραπέμπει καὶ ὁ Ἁρποκρ. διὰ τῆν λέξ. ἀναγκαῖον), ἢ Ἀνάκειον, ὃ ἴδε, ὡς ἐν Δημ. 1125. 24, πρβλ. Ἐτυμολ. Μ. 98. 32. ΙΙ. αἰδοῖον, Ἀρτεμίδ. 1. 47, Εὐστ., κτλ., πρβλ. Meineke Κωμ. Ἀποσπάσμ. 3. σ. 309. ΙΙΙ. ἀφοδευτήριον, ἀπόπατος, ὡς καὶ νῦν, Βυζ.
Greek Monotonic
ἀναγκαῖον: τό (ἀνάγκη), τόπος περιορισμού, φυλακή, σε Ξεν.· άλλοι διαβάζουν Ἀνακεῖον.
Middle Liddell
ἀνάγκη
a place of constraint, a prison, Xen.:—others read Ἀνακεῖον.
Translations
prison
Abkhaz: абахҭа; Adzera: karabus; Afrikaans: tronk, gevangenis; Albanian: burg; Amharic: ከርቼሌ, ዘብጥያ; Arabic: سِجْن; Egyptian Arabic: سجن; Hijazi Arabic: سِجِن; Moroccan Arabic: حبْس; Aramaic: ܚܒܘܫܝܐ; Armenian: բանտ; Aromanian: ncljisoari, hapsi, hãpsani, filichii, zundani, pudrumi; Asturian: cárcel, prisión; Avar: турма; Azerbaijani: həbsxana, zindan, dustaqxana, qazamat, türmə, həbs; Bashkir: төрмә; Basque: espetxe; Belarusian: турма, цямні́ца, астрог; Bengali: কারাগার; Bulgarian: затвор, дранголник, тъмница, тюрма, зандан; Burmese: အကျဉ်းထောင်, ထောင်; Catalan: presó, càrcer, presidi; Cebuano: bilanggoan, prisohan; Chechen: набахти; Cherokee: ᏗᏓᏍᏚᏗ; Chinese Cantonese: 監獄, 监狱, 牢獄, 牢狱, 監牢, 监牢; Dungan: йүҗян, банфонзы; Hakka: 監獄, 监狱, 監牢, 监牢, 囹仔; Mandarin: 監獄, 监狱, 牢獄, 牢狱, 監牢, 监牢, 班房; Min Nan: 監牢, 监牢, 監獄, 监狱, 櫳仔, 栊仔, 櫳仔內, 栊仔内; Wu: 監獄, 监狱; Coptic: ϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ, ⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ; Cornish: prison; Corsican: prigione, prigiò, prighjò, carcere, carcera; Czech: vězení, žalář, věznice; Danish: fængsel; Dutch: gevangenis, kerker; English: big house, calaboose, can, chokey, choky, clink, correctional facility, correctional institution, hock, house of detention, joint, jug, nick, pen, penitentiary, porridge, prison, queer ken, slam, slammer, stir; Esperanto: malliberejo, prizono; Estonian: vangla; Farefare: yʋ'a deem; Faroese: fongsul, fangahús, gegl; Finnish: vankila, tyrmä; French: prison, cabane, geôle, pénitencier; Old French: prison; Galician: prisión, cárcere, cadea, trenla; Georgian: ციხე, საპატიმრო; German: Gefängnis, Knast, Kerker, Zuchthaus; Greek: γκιζντάνι, δεσμωτήριο, μπουζού, στενή, φρέσκο, φυλάκα, φυλακή, ψειρού; Ancient Greek: ἀναγκαῖον, ἀπόκλεισμα, ἀποκλεισμός, δεσμοφυλάκειον, δεσμωτήριον, δικαιωτήριον, εἰργμός, εἱργμός, εἰρκτή, κάρκαρον, κάρκαρος, ὁρκάνη, ὀχύρωμα, συγκλειστήριον, σωματοτροφεῖον, τηρητήριον, φρούριον, φρουρά, φρουρή, φυλακή; Greenlandic: parnaarussivik; Gujarati: તુરંગ; Hebrew: כֶּלֶא, בֵּית כֶּלֶא, בֵּית סֹהַר, בֵּית הָאֲסוּרִים; Hiligaynon: bilanggoan; Hindi: कारागार, बन्दीघर, जेल, क़ैदख़ाना; Hungarian: börtön; Icelandic: fangelsi; Ido: karcero; Ilocano: pagbaludan; Indonesian: penjara; Irish: príosún, carcair; Italian: prigione, carcere, fresco; Japanese: 監獄, 刑務所, 牢屋, 牢; Jarai: sang krư̆, sang mơnă; Kannada: ಜೈಲು; Kazakh: түрме, абақты; Khmer: គុក, ពន្ធនាគារ; Korean: 교도소(矯導所), 교화소(敎化所), 감옥(監獄), 형무소(刑務所); Kurdish Central Kurdish: بەندیخانە, گرتوخانە, زندان; Northern Kurdish: girtîgeh, zindan; Kyrgyz: түрмө, абак; Lao: ຄຸກ, ເຮືອນຈຳກາງ, ພັນທະນາຄານ, ຕະລາງ, ໂຮງຣາຊທັນ; Latin: carcer; Latvian: cietums; Lithuanian: kalėjimas; Livonian: vizākuodā; Luxembourgish: Prisong; Macedonian: затвор, зандана; Malay: penjara; Malayalam: കാരാഗൃഹം, ജയില്, തുറുങ്ക്; Maltese: ħabs; Manx: pryssoon; Maori: whare herehere; Marathi: तुरुंग; Mongolian Cyrillic: шорон, гяндан, хар гэр; Moore: bãens-roogo, bi-bees roogo; Navajo: awáalya; Nepali: थाना; Northern Sami: fáŋgal, ladni; Norwegian Bokmål: fengsel; Nynorsk: fengsel; Occitan: preson; Ojibwe: gibaakwa'odiiwigamig; Okinawan: 監獄, 牢屋, 牢; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: тьмьница, острогъ; Old East Slavic: тюрма, тьмьница, острогъ; Old English: cweartern, carcern; Oromo: mana hidhaa; Ossetian: ахӕстон; Pashto: زندان, اړتون, بنديخانه, جېل, جېلخانه, قيدخانه, محبس; Persian: زندان; Plautdietsch: Kjarkja, Jefenkjniss; Polish: więzienie, pierdel; Portuguese: prisão, cadeia, xadrez, cárcere; Punjabi: ਜੇਲ੍ਹ, ਬੰਦੀਖਾਨਾ, ਬੰਦੀਖ਼ਾਨਾ, ਕੈਦਖਾਨਾ, ਕੈਦਖ਼ਾਨਾ; Quechua: laqha wasi; Romanian: închisoare, pușcărie, temniță; Romansch: praschun; Russian: тюрьма, темница, острог, кутузка, каталажка, тюряга, зона, каземат; Sanskrit: कारागृह, कारागार; Scots: preeson; Scottish Gaelic: prìosan; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: затвор, та̀мница; Roman: zátvor, tàmnica; Sinhalese: සිරගෙදර; Slovak: väznica, väzenie, žalár; Slovene: zapor, ječa; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: popajźeństwo; Upper Sorbian: jastwo; Southern Altai: тӱрме; Spanish: cárcel, prisión, penitenciaría, chirona, trullo, talego; Svan: დჷლიგ; Swahili: jela, gereza; Swedish: fängelse; Tagalog: bilangguan, piitan; Tajik: зиндон; Tamil: சிறை, சிறைச்சாலை; Tatar: төрмә; Telugu: జైలు, కారాగారం; Thai: คุก, กรงขัง, เรือนจำ, พันธนาคาร, ทัณฑสถาน; Tibetan: བཙོན་ཁང; Tigrinya: ቤት ማእሰርቲ; Tocharian B: prautke; Tok Pisin: kalabus; Turkish: hapis, hapishane, cezaevi; Turkmen: türme; Tuvan: кара-бажың; Ukrainian: в'язниця, тюрма, темниця, острог; Urdu: کاراگار, بندیگھر, جیل, قیدخانہ; Uyghur: تۈرمە, قاماقخانا; Uzbek: turma, qamoqxona; Vietnamese: tù, nhà tù; Volapük: fanäböp; Walloon: prijhon; Welsh: carchar; West Frisian: finzenis; Yiddish: טורמע, תּפֿיסה; Yonaguni: 牢屋; Zhuang: banfuengz, gam, lauz, fuengz
