ἦρα: Difference between revisions

From LSJ

τὸ γὰρ πράττειν τοῦ λέγειν καὶ χειροτονεῖν ὕστερον ὂν τῇ τάξει, πρότερον τῇ δυνάμει καὶ κρεῖττόν ἐστιν (Demosthenes 3.15) → for action, even though posterior in the order of events to speaking and voting, is prior in importance and superior

Source
m (Text replacement - "q.v." to "q.v.")
m (Text replacement - "perh." to "perhaps")
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|Transliteration C=ira
|Transliteration C=ira
|Beta Code=h)=ra
|Beta Code=h)=ra
|Definition=(A), 1sg. aor. 1 of [[αἴρω]]:—but ἤρα', i.e. [[ἤραο]], Ep. for [[ἤρω]], 2sg. aor. 1 Med. of [[αἴρω]], <span class="bibl">Od.24.33</span>. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> contr. fr. <b class="b3">ἦ ἄρα</b> in dialects other than Att., as Sapph.102, <span class="bibl">Alc.94</span>, <span class="bibl">Alcm.61</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.37</span>, <span class="bibl">B.5.165</span>, <span class="bibl">Sophr.1</span> D., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>1.117</span>,<span class="bibl">120</span>,<span class="bibl">121</span> ([[ἆρα]] ibid.), <span class="bibl">Herod.4.21</span>, <span class="bibl">5.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1.51</span> P., cf. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Conj.</span>223.25</span>.</span><br />(B), acc. sg.,= [[χάριν]], <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[service]], [[gratification]], θυμῷ ἦ. φέροντες <span class="bibl">Il. 14.132</span>; μητρὶ φίλῃ ἐπὶ ἦ. φέρων <span class="bibl">1.572</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">578</span>; ἐπ' Ἀτρεΐδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονι ἦ. φέροντες <span class="bibl">Od.3.164</span>; λαοί . . ἐφ' ἡμῖν ἦ. φέρουσιν <span class="bibl">16.375</span>; ἐπ' Ἴρῳ ἦ. φέρων <span class="bibl">18.56</span>; ἦ. κομίζειν <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">L.</span>761</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> later c. gen., = [[χάριν]], <b class="b2">for the sake of, on account of, for</b>, ἦ. πάλας <span class="bibl">B.10.21</span>; ἦ. φιλοξενίης <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>41</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Dosiad.<span class="title">Ara</span>18</span>; <b class="b3">τίνος ἦ</b>.; <b class="b2">wherefore?</b> APl.4.299. (Hdn.Gr.1.398 rightly makes it acc. of a Subst. [[ἤρ]]; Aristarch. took [[ἐπίηρα]] as one word, Sch.<span class="bibl">Il.1.572</span>, Apollon.<span class="title">Lex.</span>, but there is no [[ἐπί]] in <span class="bibl">Il.14.132</span>, and [[ἐπίηρα]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]) in later poets proves nothing for Hom.: —prob. (ϝ (ῆρα, perh.cogn. with ONorse [[váé]] 'snug', 'comfortable', OHG. [[alawâri]] 'friendly' (Germ. [[albern]]), Goth. [[unwērjan]] ( = [[ἀγανακτεῖν]]), Gr. [[ἐρίηρος]], [[βρίηρον]].)</span>
|Definition=(A), 1sg. aor. 1 of [[αἴρω]]:—but ἤρα', i.e. [[ἤραο]], Ep. for [[ἤρω]], 2sg. aor. 1 Med. of [[αἴρω]], <span class="bibl">Od.24.33</span>. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> contr. fr. <b class="b3">ἦ ἄρα</b> in dialects other than Att., as Sapph.102, <span class="bibl">Alc.94</span>, <span class="bibl">Alcm.61</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.37</span>, <span class="bibl">B.5.165</span>, <span class="bibl">Sophr.1</span> D., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>1.117</span>,<span class="bibl">120</span>,<span class="bibl">121</span> ([[ἆρα]] ibid.), <span class="bibl">Herod.4.21</span>, <span class="bibl">5.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1.51</span> P., cf. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Conj.</span>223.25</span>.</span><br />(B), acc. sg.,= [[χάριν]], <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[service]], [[gratification]], θυμῷ ἦ. φέροντες <span class="bibl">Il. 14.132</span>; μητρὶ φίλῃ ἐπὶ ἦ. φέρων <span class="bibl">1.572</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">578</span>; ἐπ' Ἀτρεΐδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονι ἦ. φέροντες <span class="bibl">Od.3.164</span>; λαοί . . ἐφ' ἡμῖν ἦ. φέρουσιν <span class="bibl">16.375</span>; ἐπ' Ἴρῳ ἦ. φέρων <span class="bibl">18.56</span>; ἦ. κομίζειν <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">L.</span>761</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> later c. gen., = [[χάριν]], <b class="b2">for the sake of, on account of, for</b>, ἦ. πάλας <span class="bibl">B.10.21</span>; ἦ. φιλοξενίης <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>41</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Dosiad.<span class="title">Ara</span>18</span>; <b class="b3">τίνος ἦ</b>.; <b class="b2">wherefore?</b> APl.4.299. (Hdn.Gr.1.398 rightly makes it acc. of a Subst. [[ἤρ]]; Aristarch. took [[ἐπίηρα]] as one word, Sch.<span class="bibl">Il.1.572</span>, Apollon.<span class="title">Lex.</span>, but there is no [[ἐπί]] in <span class="bibl">Il.14.132</span>, and [[ἐπίηρα]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]) in later poets proves nothing for Hom.: —prob. (ϝ (ῆρα, perhapscogn. with ONorse [[váé]] 'snug', 'comfortable', OHG. [[alawâri]] 'friendly' (Germ. [[albern]]), Goth. [[unwērjan]] ( = [[ἀγανακτεῖν]]), Gr. [[ἐρίηρος]], [[βρίηρον]].)</span>
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Revision as of 14:05, 14 September 2021

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ἠρᾰ Medium diacritics: ἦρα Low diacritics: ήρα Capitals: ΗΡΑ
Transliteration A: ē̂ra Transliteration B: ēra Transliteration C: ira Beta Code: h)=ra

English (LSJ)

(A), 1sg. aor. 1 of αἴρω:—but ἤρα', i.e. ἤραο, Ep. for ἤρω, 2sg. aor. 1 Med. of αἴρω, Od.24.33. II contr. fr. ἦ ἄρα in dialects other than Att., as Sapph.102, Alc.94, Alcm.61, Pi.P.9.37, B.5.165, Sophr.1 D., Hp.Prorrh.1.117,120,121 (ἆρα ibid.), Herod.4.21, 5.14, Call.Fr.1.51 P., cf. A.D.Conj.223.25.
(B), acc. sg.,= χάριν, A service, gratification, θυμῷ ἦ. φέροντες Il. 14.132; μητρὶ φίλῃ ἐπὶ ἦ. φέρων 1.572, cf.578; ἐπ' Ἀτρεΐδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονι ἦ. φέροντες Od.3.164; λαοί . . ἐφ' ἡμῖν ἦ. φέρουσιν 16.375; ἐπ' Ἴρῳ ἦ. φέρων 18.56; ἦ. κομίζειν Orph.L.761. II later c. gen., = χάριν, for the sake of, on account of, for, ἦ. πάλας B.10.21; ἦ. φιλοξενίης Call.Fr.41, cf. Dosiad.Ara18; τίνος ἦ.; wherefore? APl.4.299. (Hdn.Gr.1.398 rightly makes it acc. of a Subst. ἤρ; Aristarch. took ἐπίηρα as one word, Sch.Il.1.572, Apollon.Lex., but there is no ἐπί in Il.14.132, and ἐπίηρα (q.v.) in later poets proves nothing for Hom.: —prob. (ϝ (ῆρα, perhapscogn. with ONorse váé 'snug', 'comfortable', OHG. alawâri 'friendly' (Germ. albern), Goth. unwērjan ( = ἀγανακτεῖν), Gr. ἐρίηρος, βρίηρον.)

German (Pape)

[Seite 1175] bei Hom. ἦρα φέρειν τινί u. ἐπί τινι, Il. 14, 132 Od. 3, 164. 16, 375. 18, 56, Einem etwas Angenehmes, Willkommnes, Erwünschtes darbringen, Einem zu Gefallen handeln, ihm einen Dienst erzeigen, beistehen, also wohl mit ἀρέσκω, ἄρμενος, ἐπιήρανος zusammenhangend und vom Stamm ἄρω abzuleiten. Vgl. ἐπίηρα u. s. Buttmann Lexil. 1 S. 38 Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 111. Einzeln auch bei sp. D., Ap. Rh. 4, 81 Qu. Sm. 9, 29; καί μοι – ἦρα κομίζεις Orph. Lith. 755. Da es dem Sinne nach dem gew. χαρίζεσθαι, χάριν φέρειν entspricht, brauchten Sp. auch ἦρα wie χάριν c. gen., wegen, τῖον δέ ἑ πάντες ὁδῖται ἦρα φιλοξενίης, zum Entgelt für, wegen seiner Gastfreundlichkeit, Callim. frg. 41; τίνος ἦρα; Ep. ad. 488 (Plan. 299); ἦρ' ἀρδίων Dosiad. ara (XV, 26).

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἦρα: ἐπίρρ. = ἆρα, Βακχυλ. 5. 165.

French (Bailly abrégé)

1ao. de αἴρω.
2acc. d’un subst. inus.
satisfaction, plaisir ; ἦρα φέρειν τινί IL ou ἐπί τινι IL obliger qqn, l’aider, le secourir.
Étymologie: acc. de ἤρ, ἠρός, service ? ; orig. inconnue.

English (Autenrieth)

(ϝῆρα): only with φέρειν, favor, gratify, humor, θῦμῷ, ‘the impulse,’ Il. 14.132; also w. ἐπί, μητρὶ φίλῃ ἐπὶ ϝῆρα φέρων, Il. 1.572, 578.

English (Slater)

ἦρα (= ἆρα, cf. ἦ b. α.: ἄρα codd.: ἆρα Mosch, Boeckh: ἦρα Schr.) equivalent in sense to ἄρα, occupying second position.
   a marking summarization of previous thought. ὣς ἦρα θεὸς σάφα εἴπαις λτ;γτ;άνθον ἤπειγεν (O. 8.46) ὣς ἦρα εἰπὼν (I. 6.55) ἔδοξ' ἦρα καὶ ἀθανάτοις ἐσλόν γε φῶτα καὶ φθίμενον ὕμνοις θεᾶν διδόμεν (I. 8.59)
   b introducing expansion of previous thought: viz. συνέπαξε λόγον, ὡς ἦρα νυμφείας ἐπείρα κεῖνος ἐν λέκτροις Ἀκάστου εὐνᾶς (N. 5.30)
  &nbnbsp;c δ' ἦρα, marking realization of previous thought. (An oracle had prophesied that Jason would come.) ὁ δ' ἦρα χρόνῳ ἵκετ (P. 4.78)

Greek Monotonic

ἦρα: ουδ. επίθ. πληθ.,
I. δώρα που έγιναν δεκτά, προσφορές· ἦρα φέρειν, σε Όμηρ.
II. με γεν. = χάριν, εξαιτίας, λόγω, σε Ανθ.
ἦρᾰ:I. αόρ. αʹ του αἴρω
II. αλλά ἤρα', δηλ. ἤραο, Επικ. αντί ἤρω, βʹ ενικ. Μέσ. αορ. αʹ του αἴρω· ομοίως, ἤρᾱ, σε Βοιωτ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἦρᾰ:
I 1 л. sing. aor. 1 к αἴρω.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἦρα: II (acc. pl. n к неупотребит. существительному или прилагательному; у Hom. один раз с φέρω и пять раз с ἐπιφέρω in tmesi) (нечто) приятное, угодное, желательное: θυμῷ ἦ. φέρων Hom. действуя в угоду своему настроению, т. е. следуя голосу своей страсти; ἐπ᾽ Ἴρῳ ἦ. φέρων Hom. из пристрастия к (т. е. потворствуя) Иру.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: please somebody (ἐπὶ) ἦρα φερειν (Il.), posthom. w. gen. = χάριν to somebodys pleasure (B., Call.).
Other forms: acc. sg. (pl. n.?).
Derivatives: ἐρί-ηρες pl.faithful s. v., also ἐπίηρος, ἐπιήρ-ανος acceptable, pleasant, grateful, s. vv. Also βριηρόν μεγάλως κεχαρισμένον H. (wrong for ἐρί- ?). PN Πολυ-ήρης a. o. (Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 194f.). - On Lesb. ἠρώνα s.v..
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1165] *uer- friendliness
Etymology: An original Ϝῆρ-α (on the digamma Chantraine Gramm. 1, 152; on the formation Sommer Nominalkomp. 138) gives several formal possibilities for connection. A connection with Lat. se-vērus earnest (< *sē vērō "without friendliness"), Germ., e. g. OWNo. værr friendly, OHG ala-wāri friendly, further to the word for true, Lat. vērus = OIr. fir = Germ., e. g. OHG wār, OCS věra faith a. o. seems possible (Prellwitz KZ 44, 152, Bechtel Lex. 138 a. o.). In Greek some try to connect ἑορτη, ἔρανος, ἔροτις, s. vv. - Not with Fick 1, 130, Prellwitz a. o. and Bq to Skt. vr̥ṇóti avert etc. (s. ἔρυμαι). See W.-Hofmann s. sevērus and vērus.

Frisk Etymology German

ἦρα: {ē̃ra}
Forms: Akk. sg. (pl. n.?),
Meaning: bei Hom. nur (ἐπὶ) ἦρα φέρειν ‘jmdm. einen Gefallen tun’, nachhom. m. Gen. = χάριν ‘zu jmds. Gunsten’ (B., Kall. u. a.).
Derivative: Davon ἐρίηρες pl. etwa traut, lieb, s. d., auch ἐπίηρος, ἐπιήρανος gefällig, angenehm, willkommen, s. dd. Außerdem βριηρόν· μεγάλως κεχαρισμένον H. (falsch für ἐρί- ?). EN Πολυήρης u. A. (Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 194f.). — Unsicher lesb. ἠρώνα (IG 12 [2] : 242, 8) Bed. unklar, viell. Freundlichkeit (vgl. Bechtel Dial. 1, 120; Bildung wie ῥαστώνη).
Etymology : Ein ursprüngliches ϝῆρα (zum Digamma Chantraine Gramm. 1, 152; zur Stammbildung Sommer Nominalkomp. 138) eröffnet mehrere formale Anknüpfungsmöglichkeiten, von denen der Anschluß an lat. se-vērus ernsthaft (aus * vērō "ohne Freundlichkeit"), germ., z. B. awno. vǣrr freundlich, ahd. ala-wāri gütig, freundlich, weiterhin an das Wort für wahr, lat. vērus = air. fir = germ., z. B. ahd. wār, an aksl. věra Glaube u. a. m. am meisten für sich hat (Prellwitz KZ 44, 152, Bechtel Lex. 138 u. A.). Aus dem Griechischen gehören wahrscheinlich hierher noch ἑορτή, ἔρανος, ἔροτις, s. dd. — Nicht mit Fick 1, 130, Prellwitz a. a. O. und Bq zu aind. vr̥ṇóti wehren usw. (s. ἔρυμαι). Weitere Formen mit Lit. WP. 1, 285f., W.-Hofmann s. sevērus und vērus.
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