αἴξ

English (LSJ)

αἰγός, ὁ, h(: dat. pl.

   A αἴγεσιν Il.10.486, αἴγεσσιν Choerob. in Theod.323; also Boeot. ἤγυς, = αἴγοις, IG7.3171:—goat, mostly fem., μηκάδας αἶγας Od.9.124; λεύκας αἶγος Sapph.7(s.v.l.), cf. Ar.Nu.71, Pl.Lg.639a, etc., but masc. in Od.14.106,530; also τῶν αἰγῶν τῶν τραγῶν Hdt.3.112:—once in Trag., S.Fr.793 (anap.).    2 αἲξ ἄγριος wild goat, prob. ibex (cf. αἴγαγρος), ἰονθάς Od.14.50; ἴξαλος Il.4.105; αἶγες ὀρεσκῷοι Od.9.155; ἀγρότεραι 17.295:—proverbs, αἲξ οὐρανία in Com. as a source of mysterious and suspected wealth, in allusion to the horn of Amalthea, Cratin.244; οὐράνιον αἶγα πλουτοφόρον Com.Adesp.8; αἲξ τὴν μάχαιραν (sc. ηὗρε), of those who 'ask for trouble', Zen.1.27; αἲξ οὔπω τέτοκεν 'don't count your chickens before they are hatched', 1.42; αἲξ Σκυρία· ἐπὶ τῶν τὰς εὐεργεσίας ἀνατρεπόντων· ἀνατρέπει γὰρ τὸ ἀγγεῖον ἀμελχθεῖσα Diogenian.2.33; αἲξ ἐς θάλασσαν· ἀτενὲς ὁρᾷς, ἐπὶ τῶν φιληδούντων 3.8; κἂν αἲξ δάκἡ ἄνδρα πονηρόν 5.87; οὐ δύναμαι τὴν αἶγα φέρειν, ἐπί μοι θέτε τὸν βοῦν Plu.2.830a; ἐλεύθεραι αἶγες ἀρότρων· ἐπὶ τῶν βάρους τινὸς ἀπηλλαγμένων Zen.3.69; κατ' αἶγας ἀγρίας, = ἐς κόρακας, Hsch., Diogenian.5.49; νοῦσος, αἶγας ἐς ἀγριάδας τὴν ἀποπεμπόμεθα Call.Aet.3.1.13; αἰγῶν ὀνόματα, of worthless objects, Suid.    3 the star Capella, Arat. 157.    II a water-bird, apparently of the goose kind, Arist.HA 593b23.    III fiery meteor, Arist.Mete.341b3.    IV in pl., waves, Artem.2.12. (Att. αἶξ, acc. to Hdn.Gr.1.937.)

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

αἴξ: αἰγός, ὁ, ἡ, δοτ. πληθ αἴγεσιν, Ἰλ. Κ. 486. Αἴξ, γίδα, Λατ. caper, capra, παρ’ Ὁμήρ. ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πλεῖστον θηλ. ἀλλὰ ἀρσ. ἐν Ὀδ. Ξ. 106, 530· (πρβλ. τράγος)· ὁ μηκασμὸς αὐτῆς παρίσταται διὰ τῶν λέξεων μηκάομαι, μηκάς· τὸ μικρὸν λέγεται ἔριφος: ἀγέλαι αἰγῶν ἦσαν συνήθεις κατὰ τοὺς Ὁμηρ. χρόνους· πρβλ. αἰπόλιον, αἰπόλος· - ἅπαξ παρὰ Τραγ. Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 962 (λυρ.). 2) αἴξ ἄγριος, ὁ αἴγαγρος· ἰονθάς (φέρων πώγωνα), Ὀδ. Ξ. 50 ἴξαλος (ἁλλόμενος, πηδῶν), Ἰλ. Δ. 105· φέρων κέρατα ἓξ σπιθαμῶν τὸ μῆκος, αὐτόθι 109· εἶναι ἀναμφιβόλως ὁ Λατ. καλούμενος ibex· τά: αἶγες ὀρεσκῷοι ἐν Ὀδ. Ι. 155· ἀγροτέραι ἐν Ρ. 294, καὶ ὁ αἴγαγρος, (ὃ ἴδε) δυνατὸν νὰ ἀνήκωσιν εἰς διάφορα εἴδη: παροιμ., αἴξ οὐρανία, παρὰ Κωμ. = πηγὴ μυστηριώδους καὶ ὑπόπτου πλούτου ἐν ἀναφορᾷ πρὸς τὸ κέρας τῆς Ἀμαλθείας, Κρατῖν. (Χείρωνες 21)· παρὰ Ζηνοβ. 1.26· οὐράνιον αἶγα πλουτοφόρον, Κωμ. Ἀνων. 281. 3) ὁ ὁμώνυμος Ἀστερισμός, Ἄρατ. 157. ΙΙ. πτηνὸν ὑδρόβιον, πιθαν. ἐκ τοῦ γένους τῶν χηνῶν, Ἀριστ. Ἱ. Ζ. 8. 3. 16. ΙΙΙ. λαμπρὸν πυρῶδες μετέωρον, Ἀριστ. Μετεωρ. 1. 4, 6. IV. αἶγες = ὑψηλὰ κύματα, Ἀρτεμιδ. 2. 12, πρβλ. αἰγιαλός. (Ἐκ √ΑΙΓ πιθ. = ἄγι, ὡς φαίνεται ἐκ τῶν Σανσκρ. aǵâ (ἀγγλ. goat, αἴξ) aǵas (ἔλαφος): ἡ ἐκ τοῦ ἀΐσσω παραγωγὴ πρέπει νὰ ἐγκαταλειφθῇ, ἐπειδὴ ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ ῥήματος τούτου εἶνε αἰκ: ἴδε Κούρτ. ἀρ. 120).

French (Bailly abrégé)

αἰγός (ἡ) :
1 chèvre, animal;
2 αἱ αἶγες grosses vagues.
Étymologie: R. Ἀγ, mener, pousser.

English (Autenrieth)

αἰγός, dat. pl. αἴγεσιν: goat.

English (Slater)

αἴξ
   1 she-goat Σκύριαι δ' ἐς ἄμελξιν γλάγεος αἶγες ἐξοχώταται fr. 106. 4.

Greek Monotonic

αἴξ: αἰγός, ὁ, ἡ, δοτ. πληθ. αἴγεσιν·
I. 1. γίδα, κατσίκα, Λατ. caper, capra, σε Όμηρ.
2. αἲξ ἄγριος, αγριοκάτσικο, αίγαγρος, ο Λατ. ibex, στον ίδ.
II. αἶγες, παλαιός τύπος που σημαίνει τα μεγάλα, υψηλά κύματα (πιθ. όχι από το ἀΐσσω, γιατί √ΑΙΚ αυτού του ρήματος).

Frisk Etymological English

αἰγός
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: goat rarely m. he-goat (Il.). Also a waterbird (Janzén [s. below] 17), a meteor (Arist.) and a star (Aratos).
Dialectal forms: Myc. aikipta \/aigi-pa(s)tas\/ ? goatherd; aikipode, interpr. uncertain
Compounds: αἰπόλος goatherd < *αἰγ-πολος s. s.v. πέλω (cf. Meier-Brügger Gr. Sprachw. 1, 92). αἰγί-βοτος browsed by goats (Od.) Unclear αἰπόλος κάπηλος παρὰ Κυπρίοις H (see Leumann Hom. W. 271ff; to be rejected Latte's corr. ἀί- = ἀεί).
Derivatives: αἰγίς goatskin, q.v.;
Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [13] *h₂eiǵ-
Etymology: The compounds in -ι- are unexplained (unclear Heubeck IF 69 (1963) 13-21); old is in any case the type αἰπόλος. αἴξ is cognate with Arm. ayc goat (i-stem); see Clackson 88-90, who reconstructs, with Meillet, *h₂eiǵ-ih₂. Zero grade is mostly supposed in Av. īzaēna- of leather, but it is not certain that it refers to the skin of a goat. If the connection is correct, the word would be IE; the word is often considered as an Anatolian loanword in both Greek and Armenian. - See A. Janzén Bock und Ziege (GHÅ 43 [1937 : 5]) 9ff.and EIEC s.v. - The gloss αἶγες τὰ κύματα, Δωριεῖς H. may be a metaphor, s. αἰγιαλός. In Greek geogr. names (Αἰγαί, Αἰγαῖος, Αἴγινα etc.) we may have not the word for goat, Sommer IF 55, 259f. (Pre-Greek), V. Burr Nostrum mare (Würzb. Stud. zur Altertumswiss.) Stuttgart 1932. Connection with *h₂eig- as to jump is rejected by Mayrhofer EWAia 1, 264 as éjati had a labio-velar (also it does not mean jump). Not to Skt. ajá- goat.
See also: Cf. αἴγιλος, αἰγίλωψ, δίζα.

Middle Liddell

I. a goat, Lat. caper, capra, Hom.
2. αἲξ ἄγριος the wild goat, the ibex, Hom.
II. αἶγες, old name for waves. [Prob. not from ἀΐσσω, of which the root is αικ.]