servitus
νύμφην τ' ἄνυμφον παρθένον τ' ἀπάρθενον → wife unwed and virgin that is no virgin | bride that is no bride, virgin that is virgin no more | virgin wife and widowed maid | unwed bride and ravished virgin
Latin > English
servitus servitutis N F :: slavery; slaves; servitude
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
servĭtūs: ūtis (
I gen. plur. servitutium, Dig. 8, 2, 32 fin.; 8, 3, 1 fin.; and acc. to Ritschl also Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 14), f. id., the condition of a servus; slavery, serfdom, service, servitude (freq. and class.).
I Lit.: servitus est constitutio juris gentium, quā quis dominio alieno contra naturam subicitur, Dig. 1, 5, 4; Just. Inst. 1, 3, 2: servitutem servire, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 31 (v. this freq. occurring phrase under servio, I. δ): quibus nunc aerumna mea libertatem paro, Quibus servitutem mea miseria deprecor? Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 16, 9 (Trag. v. 173 Vahl.): domi fuistis liberi: Nunc servitus si evenit, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4: qui hodie fuerim liber, eum nunc potivit pater servitutis, id. Am. 1, 1, 24 Fleck.: quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: ipsam (mulierem) in servitutem adjudicare, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 56: ista corruptela servi si impunita fuerit ... fit in dominatu servitus, in servitute dominatus, id. Deiot. 11, 30: mors servituti anteponenda, id. Off. 1, 23, 81: servitutem perpessi, id. Phil. 8, 11, 32: aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt, populi Romani est propria libertas, id. ib. 6, 7, 19: servitutem pati, id. ib. 6, 7, 19: similitudo servitutis id. Rep. 1, 27, 43: hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsā servitute afficit, etc... Nimia illa libertas in nimiam servitutem cadit, id. ib. 1, 44, 68: socios nostros in servitutem abduxerunt, id. Pis. 34, 84: servitutis jugum, id. Rep. 2, 25, 47: Themistocles cum servitute Graeciam liberasset, id. Lael. 12, 42: conjuges in servitutem abstrahi, Caes. B. G. 7, 14; addicere aliquem in servitutem, Liv. 3, 56; Caes. B. G. 7, 77: liberum populum servitute adficere, Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68: asserere aliquem in servitutem, Liv. 3, 44, 5; 34, 18, 2; Suet. Tib. 2.—*
(b) As a verbal noun with dat.: opulento homini hoc servitus dura est, this serving or being servant of a rich man, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 12.—
II Transf.
A In gen. (acc to servio, II.), servitude, subjection: numquam salvis suis exuitur servitus muliebris; et ipsae libertatem, quam viduitas et orbitas facit, detestantur, Liv. 34, 7 Drak.: silvestres gallinae in servitute non foetant, in confinement, Col. 8, 12; so id. 8, 15, 7: hujus tanti officii servitutem astringebam testimonio sempiterno, Cic. Planc. 30, 74: est enim in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis, id. Off. 1, 42, 150; cf.: ut se homines ad servitutem juris astringerent, Quint. 2, 16, 9; 7, 3, 16.—
B The government, rule, dominion of a master: tibi Apud me justa et clemens servitus, Ter. And. 1, 1, 9.—
C (Acc. to servio, II. B.) Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., a liability resting upon them, an easement, servitude: servitutes praediorum rusticorum sunt hae: iter, actus, via, aquaeductus, Dig. 8, 3, 1: jura praediorum urbanorum, quae servitutes vocantur, Gai. Inst. 2, 14: servitute fundo illi imposita, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 3: specus servitutis putat aliquid habituros, id. Att. 15, 26, 4.—
D Concr. (for the class. servitium), slaves, servants (collect.); poet. of lovers: adde quod pubes tibi crescit omnis, Servitus crescit nova (= catervae amatorum semper novorum). Hor. C. 2, 8, 18; cf. Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 14 Ritschl.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
servĭtūs,⁸ ūtis, f. (servus),
1 condition d’esclave, servitude : Cic. Dej. 30, etc.; Cæs. G. 7, 14, etc.
2 servitude politique, sujétion, asservissement : Cic. Rep. 1, 68 ; 2, 47 ; Læl. 42, etc. ; Cæs. G. 7, 77, 15, etc.
3 [fig.] a) servitude, sujétion, état de dépendance : officii Cic. Planc. 74, état de dépendance imposé par des services reçus, cf. Liv. 34, 7, 12 ; b) servitude de terres, d’immeubles : Cic. Q. 3, 1, 3 ; Att. 15, 26, 4
4 [poét.] = servitium : Hor. O. 2, 8, 18.
Latin > German (Georges)
servitūs, ūtis, f. (servus), die Dienstbarkeit eines Sklaven, die Sklaverei, der Sklavenstand, Sklavendienst, die Knechtschaft, I) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig., sowohl einzelner als ganzer Staaten, iusta, Ter.: diutina, Cic.: perpetua, Caes.: opulento homini (bei einem r. Manne) dura hoc magis servitus est, Plaut. – alqm in servitutem abducere, Cic.: coniuges in servitutem abstrahere, Caes.: addicere alqm in servitutem, Cic., perpetuae servituti, Caes.: afficere liberum populum servitute, Cic.: anteponere mortem servituti, Cic.: asserere alqm in servitutem, Liv.: cadit libertas in nimiam servitutem, Cic.: ex Macedona ac libero in Persicam servitutem transire, Sen.: ipse me dedi in servitutem, Petron.: depellere a civibus suis iniustum illud durae servitutis iugum, Cic.: depellere a Syracusanis inveteratam servitutem, Nep.: esse in servitute, in der Sklav. sein, ein Sklave sein, Cic.: excutere cervicibus iugum servitutis, Iustin.: alqm eximere servitute, Liv.: exuere servitutem, Liv.: imponere alci servitutem, Sall. fr.: iniungere civitatibus perpetuam servitutem, Caes.: iniungere alci miseram et onerosam servitutem, Suet.: Graeciam servitute liberare, Cic.: mittere urbes in servitutem, Liv.: civitatem servitute oppressam tenere, Nep.: pati servitutem, Tac.: redigere alqm in servitutem, Plaut.: miserrimam servitutem recordari, Iustin.: repellere servitutem a civibus, Cic.: servire servitutem, s. servio: patriam a XXX tyrannis oppressam e servitute in libertatem vindicare, Nep. – u. von der Dienstbarkeit, v. Dienste für Bezahlung, est in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis, Cic. de off. 1, 150. – Plur., captivitates urbium et sublatis ingenuitatibus servitutes, Arnob. 2, 76. – 2) übtr.: a) übh. Dienstbarkeit, Unterwürfigkeit, Gehorsam, einer Frau gegen den Mann, muliebris, Liv.: eines Sohnes gegen den Vater, Plaut.: officii, Verbindlichkeit zur Pflicht zu gehorchen, Cic.: iuris, Verbindlichkeit, den Gesetzen zu gehorchen, Quint. – b) v. Häusern, Äckern usw., die darauf haftende Verbindlichkeit, -Verpflichtung, die Servitut, praediorum, ICt.: fundo servitutem imponere, Cic. – II) meton., die Sklaven, servitus crescit nova, von den Liebhabern eines Mädchens, Hor. carm. 2, 8, 18: ut servitutes opprimerent, Arnob. 2, 39. – / servitutium ist Plaut. Pers. 418 unnötige Konjektur, s. servitricius.
