ἔρεβος: Difference between revisions

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ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν → love your neighbor as yourself, thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself, love thy neighbour as thyself

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|Transliteration C=erevos
|Transliteration C=erevos
|Beta Code=)/erebos
|Beta Code=)/erebos
|Definition=τό: Att. gen. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> Ἐρέβους <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>694</span>, Ion. [[Ἐρέβευς]] <span class="bibl">Il.8.368</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.37</span>, [[Ἐρέβεσφιν]] or [[Ἐρέβευσφιν]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>669</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>349</span>, ἐξ Ἐρεβ- <span class="bibl">Il.9.572</span> : no dat. or pl. occurs:—[[Erebos]], a [[place]] of [[nether]] [[darkness]], forming a passage from Earth to [[Hades]], <span class="bibl">Il.16.327</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.528</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>515</span>, etc.; rare in Prose, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>371e</span>, Plu.2.953a, 1130d : metaph., <b class="b3">ἔ. ὕφαλον</b> the [[darkness]] of the [[deep]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>589</span>(lyr.); of a [[riddle]], ἀξυνέτοις ἔ. <span class="title">AP</span>7.429 (Alc.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> personified, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span> 125</span>. (Skt. [[rájas]], Goth. [[riqis]], ONorse [[røkkr]] '[[darkness]]'.)</span>
|Definition=τό: Att. gen. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> Ἐρέβους <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>694</span>, Ion. [[Ἐρέβευς]] <span class="bibl">Il.8.368</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.37</span>, [[Ἐρέβεσφιν]] or [[Ἐρέβευσφιν]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>669</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>349</span>, ἐξ Ἐρεβ- <span class="bibl">Il.9.572</span>: no dat. or pl. occurs:—[[Erebos]], a [[place]] of [[nether]] [[darkness]], forming a passage from Earth to [[Hades]], <span class="bibl">Il.16.327</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.528</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>515</span>, etc.; rare in Prose, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>371e</span>, Plu.2.953a, 1130d: metaph., <b class="b3">ἔ. ὕφαλον</b> the [[darkness]] of the [[deep]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>589</span>(lyr.); of a [[riddle]], ἀξυνέτοις ἔ. <span class="title">AP</span>7.429 (Alc.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> personified, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span> 125</span>. (Skt. [[rájas]], Goth. [[riqis]], ONorse [[røkkr]] '[[darkness]]'.)</span>
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{{etym
{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[the dark of the underworld]] (Il.).<br />Derivatives: [[ἐρεβεννός]], Aeol. < <b class="b3">*ἐρεβεσ-νός</b> prop. [[belonging to the ἔρεβος]], [[dark]] (Il., Hes.), more common [[ἐρεμνός]] < <b class="b3">*ἐρεβ-νός</b> (cf. Risch 92; s. also on [[δεινός]]) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Il.); [[ἐρεβώδης]] <b class="b2">ids.</b> (late).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [857] <b class="b2">*h₁regʷos</b> <b class="b2">darkness (of the underworld)</b><br />Etymology: Old word for <b class="b2">darkness etc.</b>, also in Sankrit, Armenian and Germanic : Skt. [[rájas-]] n. <b class="b2">dark (lower) air, dust</b> (diff. Burrow BSOAS 12, 645ff.; Gonda KZ 73, 163f.), Arm. [[erek]], [[-oy]] [[evening]], Goth. [[riqiz]], OWNo. [[røkkr]] n. [[dark]], [[dusk]]; IE <b class="b2">*h₁régu̯os-</b> n. - Pok. 857.
|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[the dark of the underworld]] (Il.).<br />Derivatives: [[ἐρεβεννός]], Aeol. < <b class="b3">*ἐρεβεσ-νός</b> prop. [[belonging to the ἔρεβος]], [[dark]] (Il., Hes.), more common [[ἐρεμνός]] < <b class="b3">*ἐρεβ-νός</b> (cf. Risch 92; s. also on [[δεινός]]) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Il.); [[ἐρεβώδης]] <b class="b2">ids.</b> (late).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [857] <b class="b2">*h₁regʷos</b> <b class="b2">darkness (of the underworld)</b><br />Etymology: Old word for <b class="b2">darkness etc.</b>, also in Sankrit, Armenian and Germanic: Skt. [[rájas-]] n. <b class="b2">dark (lower) air, dust</b> (diff. Burrow BSOAS 12, 645ff.; Gonda KZ 73, 163f.), Arm. [[erek]], [[-oy]] [[evening]], Goth. [[riqiz]], OWNo. [[røkkr]] n. [[dark]], [[dusk]]; IE <b class="b2">*h₁régu̯os-</b> n. - Pok. 857.
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{{FriskDe
{{FriskDe
|ftr='''ἔρεβος''': {érebos}<br />'''Grammar''': n.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Dunkel der Unterwelt]], [[Totengrund]] (poet. seit Il.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[ἐρεβεννός]], äol. aus *ἐρεβεσνός eig. [[zum [[ἔρεβος]] gehörend]], [[finster]], [[dunkel]] (Il., Hes.), gewöhnlicher [[ἐρεμνός]] aus *ἐρεβνός (vgl. Risch 92; s. auch zu [[δεινός]]) ib. (ep. poet. seit Il.); [[ἐρεβώδης]] ib. (spät).<br />'''Etymology''' : Altes Wort für [[Dunkel]], auch im Altindischen, Armenischen und Germanischen erhalten: aind. ''rájas''- n. ‘dunkler (niederer) Luftkreis, Dunst, Staub’ (anders darüber Burrow BSOAS 12, 645ff.; zustimmend Gonda KZ 73, 163f.), arm. ''erek'', -''oy'' [[Abend]], got. ''riqiz'', awno. ''røkkr'' n. [[Dunkel]], [[Dämmerung]]; idg. *''rég<sup>u̯</sup>os''- n. — WP. 2, 367, Pok. 857.<br />'''Page''' 1,550
|ftr='''ἔρεβος''': {érebos}<br />'''Grammar''': n.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Dunkel der Unterwelt]], [[Totengrund]] (poet. seit Il.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[ἐρεβεννός]], äol. aus *ἐρεβεσνός eig. [[zum [[ἔρεβος]] gehörend]], [[finster]], [[dunkel]] (Il., Hes.), gewöhnlicher [[ἐρεμνός]] aus *ἐρεβνός (vgl. Risch 92; s. auch zu [[δεινός]]) ib. (ep. poet. seit Il.); [[ἐρεβώδης]] ib. (spät).<br />'''Etymology''': Altes Wort für [[Dunkel]], auch im Altindischen, Armenischen und Germanischen erhalten: aind. ''rájas''- n. ‘dunkler (niederer) Luftkreis, Dunst, Staub’ (anders darüber Burrow BSOAS 12, 645ff.; zustimmend Gonda KZ 73, 163f.), arm. ''erek'', -''oy'' [[Abend]], got. ''riqiz'', awno. ''røkkr'' n. [[Dunkel]], [[Dämmerung]]; idg. *''rég<sup>u̯</sup>os''- n. — WP. 2, 367, Pok. 857.<br />'''Page''' 1,550
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{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized
{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized

Revision as of 11:15, 21 August 2022

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ἔρεβος Medium diacritics: ἔρεβος Low diacritics: έρεβος Capitals: ΈΡΕΒΟΣ
Transliteration A: érebos Transliteration B: erebos Transliteration C: erevos Beta Code: )/erebos

English (LSJ)

τό: Att. gen. A Ἐρέβους Ar.Av.694, Ion. Ἐρέβευς Il.8.368, Od.11.37, Ἐρέβεσφιν or Ἐρέβευσφιν, Hes.Th.669, h.Cer.349, ἐξ Ἐρεβ- Il.9.572: no dat. or pl. occurs:—Erebos, a place of nether darkness, forming a passage from Earth to Hades, Il.16.327, Od.10.528, al., Hes.Th.515, etc.; rare in Prose, Pl.Ax.371e, Plu.2.953a, 1130d: metaph., ἔ. ὕφαλον the darkness of the deep, S.Ant.589(lyr.); of a riddle, ἀξυνέτοις ἔ. AP7.429 (Alc.). II personified, Hes.Th. 125. (Skt. rájas, Goth. riqis, ONorse røkkr 'darkness'.)

French (Bailly abrégé)

ion. -εος, att. -ους, épq. -ευς (τό) :
1 obscurité, ténèbres en parl. des enfers ; l’Érèbe, les enfers ; qqf en parl. du fond de la mer ἔρεβος ὕφαλον SOPH l’abîme sous-marin;
2 n. pr. Erébos, fils du Chaos.
Étymologie: cf. ἐρέφω.

Greek Monotonic

ἔρεβος: τό, Αττ. γεν. Ἐρέβους, Ιων. Ἐρέβευς, Επικ. Ἐρέβεσφιν· Έρεβος, τόπος απόλυτου σκότους, πάνω από τον Άδη, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· μεταφ., ἔρεβος ὕφαλον, το σκοτάδι της αβύσσου ή της θάλασσας, σε Σοφ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἔρεβος: ους и εος τό (эп. gen. ἐρέβευς, ἐρέβεσφιν и ἐρέβευσφιν) мрак, тьма Anth.: ἔ. ὕφαλον Soph. подводная тьма, морская пучина.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: the dark of the underworld (Il.).
Derivatives: ἐρεβεννός, Aeol. < *ἐρεβεσ-νός prop. belonging to the ἔρεβος, dark (Il., Hes.), more common ἐρεμνός < *ἐρεβ-νός (cf. Risch 92; s. also on δεινός) id. (Il.); ἐρεβώδης ids. (late).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [857] *h₁regʷos darkness (of the underworld)
Etymology: Old word for darkness etc., also in Sankrit, Armenian and Germanic: Skt. rájas- n. dark (lower) air, dust (diff. Burrow BSOAS 12, 645ff.; Gonda KZ 73, 163f.), Arm. erek, -oy evening, Goth. riqiz, OWNo. røkkr n. dark, dusk; IE *h₁régu̯os- n. - Pok. 857.

Middle Liddell


Erebus, a place of nether darkness, above Hades, Hom., etc.:—metaph., ἔρεβος ὕφαλον the darkness of the deep, Soph.

Frisk Etymology German

ἔρεβος: {érebos}
Grammar: n.
Meaning: Dunkel der Unterwelt, Totengrund (poet. seit Il.).
Derivative: Davon ἐρεβεννός, äol. aus *ἐρεβεσνός eig. [[zum ἔρεβος gehörend]], finster, dunkel (Il., Hes.), gewöhnlicher ἐρεμνός aus *ἐρεβνός (vgl. Risch 92; s. auch zu δεινός) ib. (ep. poet. seit Il.); ἐρεβώδης ib. (spät).
Etymology: Altes Wort für Dunkel, auch im Altindischen, Armenischen und Germanischen erhalten: aind. rájas- n. ‘dunkler (niederer) Luftkreis, Dunst, Staub’ (anders darüber Burrow BSOAS 12, 645ff.; zustimmend Gonda KZ 73, 163f.), arm. erek, -oy Abend, got. riqiz, awno. røkkr n. Dunkel, Dämmerung; idg. *régos- n. — WP. 2, 367, Pok. 857.
Page 1,550

English (Woodhouse)

murkiness, nether darkness, of the under-world, the gloom of the underworld

⇢ Look up on Google | Wiktionary | LSJ full text search (Translation based on the reversal of Woodhouse's English to Ancient Greek dictionary)

Greek Monolingual

το (Α ἔρεβος)
βαθύτατο σκοτάδι, απόλυτη έλλειψη φωτός
αρχ.
1. ο σκοτεινός τόπος που υπάρχει κάτω από τη γη, από τον οποίο περνούσαν οι νεκροί για να πάνε στον Αδη
2. το απόλυτο σκοτάδι στον βυθό της θάλασσας («ἔρεβος ὕφαλον», Σοφ.)
3. γρίφος, μυστήριοφέγγος μέν ξυνετοῖς, ἀξυνέτοις δ’ ἔρεβος», Ανθ. Παλ.)
4. Ἔρεβος, ως προσωποποίηση («ἐκ χάεος δ’ Ἐρεβός τε μέλαινά τε Νὺξ ἐγένοντο», Ησίοδ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ Ο τ. έρεβος ανάγεται σε ΙΕ τ. regw- «σκοτάδι» και εμφανίζει προθηματικό ε- ενώ συνδέεται με αρχ. ινδ. rajas- «ατμός, σκότος», αρμ. erek- «βράδυ», γοτθ. riqiz. Από τη λ. έρεβος προήλθε το επίθ. ερεμνός (< ερεβ-νός), ο αιολ. τ. ερεβεννός (< ερεβεσ-νός), ενώ ο τ. ερεβώδης είναι μεταγενέστερος].

Translations

Abkhaz: алашьцара; Albanian: terr, errësirë, mugëtirë; Arabic: ظَلَام‎, ظُلْمَة‎; South Levantine Arabic: عتمة‎; Armenian: խավար, մթություն; Aromanian: ãntunearic, ntunearic, scutidi; Asturian: escuridá; Azerbaijani: qaranlıq, zülmət; Belarusian: це́мра, змрок; Bulgarian: мрак, тъмнина; Catalan: foscor; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ; Cherokee: ᎤᎳᏏᎬᎢ; Chinese Mandarin: 黑暗; Czech: tma, temnota; Danish: mørke; Dutch: duisternis, donkerheid; Esperanto: mallumo; Estonian: pimedus; Ewe: viviti; Finnish: pimeys; French: obscurité, ténèbres, sombreur, noirceur; Galician: escuridade, tebras, mourén, foscume, escureza, calixen; Georgian: სიბნელე, წყვდიადი, უკუნეთი; German: Dunkelheit, Finsternis; Gothic: 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃; Greek: σκοτάδι, έρεβος, ζόφος; Ancient Greek: σκότος, ζόφος, δνόφος; Hebrew: חשיכה‎; Hindi: अंधेरा, अन्धेरा; Hungarian: sötétség; Hunsrik: tunkelheet; Icelandic: myrkur, dimma, nifl, ljósleysa; Ido: tenebro; Indonesian: kegelapan; Istriot: tienabre; Italian: buio, oscurità, tenebre; Japanese: 闇, 暗黒; Javanese: pepeteng; Kapampangan: kedalumduman; Kazakh: қараңғылық, түнек; Khmer: ភាពងងឹត; Korean: 암흑(暗黑), 어두움); Kurdish Central Kurdish: تاریکی‎; Latgalian: timss, tymsums; Latin: tenebrae, caligo, obscuritas, nox; Latvian: tumsa; Lithuanian: tamsa; Lombard: scur; Luxembourgish: Däischtert, Donkelheet; Macedonian: темнина, мрак; Malagasy: ny maìzina; Maltese: dlam; Maori: hinapouri, taipouri, whēuriuri; Marathi: अंधार; Middle English: derknesse; Mongolian: харанхуй; Mwani: kisi; Navajo: chahałheeł; Ngazidja Comorian: hidza Northern Sami: [google]seavdnjat, seavdnjadas; Norwegian Bokmål: mørke; Nynorsk: mørker, mørke; Occitan: foscor; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: тьма; Old English: þīestru; Persian: تیرگی‎, تاریکی‎; Polish: ciemność, mrok; Portuguese: escuridão, trevas; Punjabi Shahmukhi: ہَنیر‎, ہَنیرا‎; Quechua: laqha; Romagnol: bur; Romanian: întuneric, întunecime; Russian: темнота́, тьма, мрак, потёмки; Sanskrit: रजस्, ध्वान्त, अन्धकार, तमस्; Scottish Gaelic: dubhar, dorchadas, dubh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: тама; Roman: tama, tamnoća, mračnina, mračnost; Slovak: tma, temnota; Slovene: tema; Spanish: oscuridad; Sumerian: 𒂿, 𒋯, 𒌖, 𒀯𒅊, 𒍪𒈬𒊌, 𒌓𒄷𒄭; Swedish: mörker; Tagalog: kadiliman; Tamil: இருள்; Telugu: చీకటి, అంధకారము; Thai: ความมืด; Tocharian B: orkamo; Tok Pisin: tudak; Turkish: karanlık; Udi: беъиънкъ, байинкъ; Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎄𐎂𐎚; Ukrainian: те́мрява, тьма́, мо́рок, темно́та, темнота́; Urdu: اندھیرا‎; Vietnamese: bóng tối; Welsh: tywyllwch; West Frisian: tsjusternis; Yiddish: פֿינצטערניש‎ or; Yoruba: òkùnkùn; Yámana: akuš