δνόφος: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=dnofos | |Transliteration C=dnofos | ||
|Beta Code=dno/fos | |Beta Code=dno/fos | ||
|Definition=ὁ, < | |Definition=ὁ, [[darkness]], [[dusk]], [[gloom]], Simon.37.8: pl., A.Ch.52 (lyr.).—Poet. word, though its collat. form [[γνόφος]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]) occurs in later Prose. | ||
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{{DGE | |||
|dgtxt=-ου, ὁ<br /><b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> frec. [[γνόφος]]<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[tiniebla]], [[calígine]] κυανέῳ δνόφῳ ταθείς echado en medio de la tiniebla oscura</i> Simon.38.12<br /><b class="num">•</b>como prodigio [[tiniebla]], [[nube negra]], [[nubarrón]] δνόφοι καλύπτουσι δόμους A.<i>Ch</i>.52, cf. <i>Fr</i>.36a.1, <i>Trag.Adesp</i>.617.4, γνόφου μείζονος περὶ τὰν ἀκροπόλιν συσστάντος <i>Lindos</i> 2D.28 (I a.C.), ἐξέτεινεν δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα ... καὶ ἐγένετο [[σκότος]], γνόφος, [[θύελλα]] [[LXX]] <i>Ex</i>.10.22, cf. <i>Ep.Hebr</i>.12.18, <i>Orac.Sib</i>.5.378, Vett.Val.137.22, γνόφου καὶ ἀνέμων κύριος en un amuleto <i>IBrooklyn</i> 24.8 (imper.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>puramente meteor., esp. en plu. γνόφων συμπλήγαδες choques de nubarrones</i> en la tormenta, Arist.<i>Mu</i>.392<sup>b</sup>12, cf. D.Chr.34.37, Ant.Diog.<i>Fr.Pap.Dub</i>.51, de la noche de tormenta en el mar, Luc.<i>Peregr</i>.43, ὀλίγος δ. ligera neblina o halo</i> delante del sol, Arat.874<br /><b class="num">•</b>fig. [[tinieblas]] del pecado, Gr.Naz.M.36.260A.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[oscuridad]], fig. [[secreto]] τὸν δνόφῳ τεθραμμένον ... σκύμνον el cachorro criado en secreto</i> Lyc.502<br /><b class="num">•</b>de la [[oscuridad]] divina en la que habita Dios, [[LXX]] <i>Ex</i>.20.21, Thdt.<i>Char</i>.5.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> La doble forma γν-/δν- así como la alternancia c. otras como ζόφος, [[κνέφας]] y [[ψέφας]], qq.u., hace pensar en var. debidas a tabú lingüístico. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0651.png Seite 651]] ὁ (wie [[γνόφος]] u. [[κνέφας]] mit [[νέφος]] zusammenhängend, vgl. Buttm. Lexil. II, 266), Dunkelheit, | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0651.png Seite 651]] ὁ (wie [[γνόφος]] u. [[κνέφας]] mit [[νέφος]] zusammenhängend, vgl. Buttm. Lexil. II, 266), Dunkelheit, Finsternis; Aesch Ch. 52; Simonid. frg. 50, 8, Schneidew. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ | {{bailly | ||
| | |btext=ου (ὁ) :<br />[[obscurité]], [[ténèbres]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' cf. [[κνέφας]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ | {{elru | ||
| | |elrutext='''δνόφος:''' поздн. Arst., Luc. [[γνόφος]] ὁ тж. pl. тьма, мрак Aesch. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ | {{ls | ||
| | |lstext='''δνόφος''': ὁ, [[ζόφος]], [[σκότος]], «μαυράδα», Σιμων. 44· καὶ κατὰ πληθ., Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 52· - [[λέξις]] ποιητ., ἂν καὶ τὸ ἰσοδύναμον αὐτῇ γνόφος ἀπαντᾷ παρὰ μεταγεν. πεζοῖς, Ἀριστ. π. Κόσμ. 2, 13, Λουκ. Περεγρ. 43, κτλ. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{grml | {{grml | ||
|mltxt=[[δνόφος]], ο (Α)<br />[[σκοτάδι]].<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Η [[ομοιότητα]] με τα [[ζόφος]], [[κνέφας]], [[ψέφας]] πιθ. δεν [[είναι]] συμπτωματική.<br /><b><span style="color: brown;">ΠΑΡ.</span></b> <b>αρχ.</b> [[δνόφεος]], [[δνοφερός]], [[δνοφόεις]], [[δνοφούμαι]], [[δνοφώδης]]. | |mltxt=[[δνόφος]], ο (Α)<br />[[σκοτάδι]].<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Η [[ομοιότητα]] με τα [[ζόφος]], [[κνέφας]], [[ψέφας]] πιθ. δεν [[είναι]] συμπτωματική.<br /><b><span style="color: brown;">ΠΑΡ.</span></b> <b>αρχ.</b> [[δνόφεος]], [[δνοφερός]], [[δνοφόεις]], [[δνοφούμαι]], [[δνοφώδης]]. | ||
}} | |||
{{lsm | |||
|lsmtext='''δνόφος:''' ὁ, [[ζόφος]], [[σκοτάδι]], [[μαυρίλα]], σκοτεινιά, σε Σιμ., Αισχύλ. (συγγενές προς το [[κνέφας]]). | |||
}} | |||
{{etym | |||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[darkness]] (Simon.).<br />Other forms: Hell. has [[γνόφος]] etc. (s. v.) with [[δν]] > [[γν]] (Schwyzer 208, Niedermann WuS 8, 64 n. 1; Bq. s. v.; Lejeune Traité de phonétique 68 n. 1).<br />Compounds: Comp. <b class="b3">δνοφο-είμων</b> [[in dark clothes]] (Attica IIp).<br />Derivatives: [[δνοφερός]] [[dark]] (Il.), also [[δνόφεος]] (B.), [[δνοφόεις]] (Emp.), [[δνοφώδης]] (E.), cf. Schmid -εος und -ειος 48.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: A form <b class="b3">*δνέφος</b> n. is supposed by <b class="b3">ἰο-δνεφής</b> [[violet-dark]] (δ 135, ι 426; vgl. Porzig Satzinhalte 300); further isolated. The word recalls [[ζόφος]] as well as [[κνέφας]] and [[ψέφας]] (s. vv.), but the words have not been explained, s. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 112ff. Also Petersen AmJPh 56, 57ff. Note <b class="b3">δνόψ χιτῶνος εἶδος βαθέος</b> H. Again the group <b class="b3">δν-</b> seems Pre-Greek. | |||
}} | |||
{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=<i>n</i><br />[[darkness]], [[dusk]], [[gloom]], [[Simon]]., Aesch. [Akin to [[κνέφας]].] | |||
}} | |||
{{FriskDe | |||
|ftr='''δνόφος''': {dnóphos}<br />'''Forms''': Hell. dafür [[γνόφος]] usw. (s. d.) mit δν > γν, wohl ehestens als rein lautlicher Vorgang zu verstehen (Schwyzer 208, Niedermann WuS 8, 64 A. 1; Bq. s. v.; vgl. indessen auch Lejeune Traité de phonétique 68 A. 1).<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Dunkel]], [[Finsternis]] (Simon., A. in lyr.).<br />'''Composita''': Komp. δνοφοείμων [[in dunkle Gewänder gehüllt]] (Attika II<sup>p</sup>).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[δνοφερός]] [[dunkel]], [[finster]] (poet. seit Il., Hp.), auch [[δνόφεος]] (B.), [[δνοφόεις]] (Emp.), [[δνοφώδης]] (E., Hp.), vgl. Schmid -εος und -ειος 48.<br />'''Etymology''': Auf eine Nebenform *δνέφος n. deutet [[ἰοδνεφής]] [[veilchendunkel]], Beiwort von [[εἶρος]] (δ 135, ι426; vgl. Porzig Satzinhalte 300); sonst isoliert. Die allgemeine Ähnlichkeit mit [[ζόφος]] ebenso wie mit [[κνέφας]] und [[ψέφας]] (s. dd.; vgl. auch [[νέφος]]) kann nicht zufällig sein und dürfte wenigstens teilweise auf Reimbildungen und Kreuzungen von sinnverwandten expressiven Wörtern zurückzuführen sein, s. die Versuche bei Güntert Reimwortbildungen 112ff. Vgl. außerdem Petersen AmJPh 56, 57ff.<br />'''Page''' 1,403 | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[darkness]]=== | |||
Abkhaz: алашьцара; Albanian: terr, errësirë, mugëtirë; Arabic: ظَلَام, ظُلْمَة; South Levantine Arabic: عتمة; Armenian: խավար, մթություն; Aromanian: ãntunearic, ntunearic, scutidi; Asturian: escuridá; Azerbaijani: qaranlıq, zülmət; Belarusian: цемра, змрок; Bulgarian: мрак, тъмнина; Catalan: foscor; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ; Cherokee: ᎤᎳᏏᎬᎢ; Chinese Mandarin: 黑暗; Czech: tma, temnota; Danish: mørke; Dutch: [[duisternis]], [[donkerheid]]; Esperanto: mallumo; Estonian: pimedus; Ewe: viviti; Finnish: pimeys; French: [[obscurité]], [[ténèbres]], [[sombreur]], [[noirceur]]; Galician: escuridade, tebras, mourén, foscume, escureza, calixen; Georgian: სიბნელე, წყვდიადი, უკუნეთი; German: [[Dunkelheit]], [[Finsternis]]; Gothic: 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃; Greek: [[σκοτάδι]], [[έρεβος]], [[ζόφος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀμυδρά]], [[γνόφος]], [[δνόφος]], [[ἔρεβος]], [[Ἔρεβος]], [[ζοφερόν]], [[ζόφος]], [[κνέφας]], [[ὄρφνα]], [[ὄρφνη]], [[σκοτασμός]], [[σκοτεινόν]], [[σκοτεινότης]], [[σκοτία]], [[σκότος]], [[σκοτωδία]], [[ψέφας]], [[ψέφος]]; Haitian Creole: fènwa; Hebrew: אֲפֵלָה, חֹשֶׁךְ, עֲלָטָה; Hindi: अंधेरा, अन्धेरा; Hungarian: sötétség; Hunsrik: tunkelheet; Icelandic: myrkur, dimma, nifl, ljósleysa; Ido: tenebro; Indonesian: kegelapan; Istriot: tienabre; Italian: [[buio]], [[oscurità]], [[tenebre]]; Japanese: 闇, 暗黒; Javanese: pepeteng; Kapampangan: kedalumduman; Kazakh: қараңғылық, түнек; Khmer: ភាពងងឹត; Korean: 암흑(暗黑), 어두움); Kurdish Central Kurdish: تاریکی; Latgalian: timss, tymsums; Latin: [[tenebrae]], [[caligo]], [[obscuritas]], [[nox]]; Latvian: tumsa; Lithuanian: tamsa; Lombard: scur; Luxembourgish: Däischtert, Donkelheet; Macedonian: темнина, мрак; Malagasy: ny maìzina; Malayalam: ഇരുട്ട്; Maltese: dlam; Maori: hinapouri, taipouri, whēuriuri; Marathi: अंधार; Middle English: derknesse; Mongolian: харанхуй; Mwani: kisi; Navajo: chahałheeł; Ngazidja Comorian: hidza class Northern Sami: seavdnjat, seavdnjadas; Norwegian Bokmål: mørke; Nynorsk: mørker, mørke; Occitan: foscor; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: тьма; Old English: þīestru; Oromo: dukkana; Persian: تیرگی, تاریکی; Polish: ciemność, mrok; Portuguese: [[escuridão]], [[trevas]]; Punjabi Shahmukhi: ہَنیر, ہَنیرا; Quechua: laqha; Romagnol: bur; Romanian: întuneric, întunecime; Russian: [[темнота]], [[тьма]], [[мрак]], [[потёмки]]; Sanskrit: रजस्, ध्वान्त, अन्धकार, तमस्; Scottish Gaelic: dubhar, dorchadas, dubh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: тама; Roman: tama, tamnoća, mračnina, mračnost; Slovak: tma, temnota; Slovene: tema; Somali: mugddi; Spanish: [[oscuridad]]; Sumerian: 𒂿, 𒋯, 𒌖, 𒀯𒅊, 𒍪𒈬𒊌, 𒌓𒄷𒄭; Swedish: mörker; Tagalog: kadiliman; Tamil: இருள்; Telugu: చీకటి, అంధకారము; Thai: ความมืด; Tibetan: མུན་པ; Tocharian B: orkamo; Tok Pisin: tudak; Turkish: karanlık; Udi: беъиънкъ, байинкъ; Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎄𐎂𐎚; Ukrainian: темрява, тьма, морок, темнота, темнота; Urdu: اندھیرا; Vietnamese: bóng tối; Welsh: tywyllwch; West Frisian: tsjusternis; Yiddish: פֿינצטערניש or; Yoruba: òkùnkùn; Yámana: akuš | |||
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Latest revision as of 17:54, 12 March 2024
English (LSJ)
ὁ, darkness, dusk, gloom, Simon.37.8: pl., A.Ch.52 (lyr.).—Poet. word, though its collat. form γνόφος (q.v.) occurs in later Prose.
Spanish (DGE)
-ου, ὁ
• Alolema(s): frec. γνόφος
1 tiniebla, calígine κυανέῳ δνόφῳ ταθείς echado en medio de la tiniebla oscura Simon.38.12
•como prodigio tiniebla, nube negra, nubarrón δνόφοι καλύπτουσι δόμους A.Ch.52, cf. Fr.36a.1, Trag.Adesp.617.4, γνόφου μείζονος περὶ τὰν ἀκροπόλιν συσστάντος Lindos 2D.28 (I a.C.), ἐξέτεινεν δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα ... καὶ ἐγένετο σκότος, γνόφος, θύελλα LXX Ex.10.22, cf. Ep.Hebr.12.18, Orac.Sib.5.378, Vett.Val.137.22, γνόφου καὶ ἀνέμων κύριος en un amuleto IBrooklyn 24.8 (imper.)
•puramente meteor., esp. en plu. γνόφων συμπλήγαδες choques de nubarrones en la tormenta, Arist.Mu.392b12, cf. D.Chr.34.37, Ant.Diog.Fr.Pap.Dub.51, de la noche de tormenta en el mar, Luc.Peregr.43, ὀλίγος δ. ligera neblina o halo delante del sol, Arat.874
•fig. tinieblas del pecado, Gr.Naz.M.36.260A.
2 oscuridad, fig. secreto τὸν δνόφῳ τεθραμμένον ... σκύμνον el cachorro criado en secreto Lyc.502
•de la oscuridad divina en la que habita Dios, LXX Ex.20.21, Thdt.Char.5.
• Etimología: La doble forma γν-/δν- así como la alternancia c. otras como ζόφος, κνέφας y ψέφας, qq.u., hace pensar en var. debidas a tabú lingüístico.
German (Pape)
[Seite 651] ὁ (wie γνόφος u. κνέφας mit νέφος zusammenhängend, vgl. Buttm. Lexil. II, 266), Dunkelheit, Finsternis; Aesch Ch. 52; Simonid. frg. 50, 8, Schneidew.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ου (ὁ) :
obscurité, ténèbres.
Étymologie: cf. κνέφας.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
δνόφος: поздн. Arst., Luc. γνόφος ὁ тж. pl. тьма, мрак Aesch.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
δνόφος: ὁ, ζόφος, σκότος, «μαυράδα», Σιμων. 44· καὶ κατὰ πληθ., Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 52· - λέξις ποιητ., ἂν καὶ τὸ ἰσοδύναμον αὐτῇ γνόφος ἀπαντᾷ παρὰ μεταγεν. πεζοῖς, Ἀριστ. π. Κόσμ. 2, 13, Λουκ. Περεγρ. 43, κτλ.
Greek Monolingual
δνόφος, ο (Α)
σκοτάδι.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Η ομοιότητα με τα ζόφος, κνέφας, ψέφας πιθ. δεν είναι συμπτωματική.
ΠΑΡ. αρχ. δνόφεος, δνοφερός, δνοφόεις, δνοφούμαι, δνοφώδης.
Greek Monotonic
δνόφος: ὁ, ζόφος, σκοτάδι, μαυρίλα, σκοτεινιά, σε Σιμ., Αισχύλ. (συγγενές προς το κνέφας).
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: darkness (Simon.).
Other forms: Hell. has γνόφος etc. (s. v.) with δν > γν (Schwyzer 208, Niedermann WuS 8, 64 n. 1; Bq. s. v.; Lejeune Traité de phonétique 68 n. 1).
Compounds: Comp. δνοφο-είμων in dark clothes (Attica IIp).
Derivatives: δνοφερός dark (Il.), also δνόφεος (B.), δνοφόεις (Emp.), δνοφώδης (E.), cf. Schmid -εος und -ειος 48.
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: A form *δνέφος n. is supposed by ἰο-δνεφής violet-dark (δ 135, ι 426; vgl. Porzig Satzinhalte 300); further isolated. The word recalls ζόφος as well as κνέφας and ψέφας (s. vv.), but the words have not been explained, s. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 112ff. Also Petersen AmJPh 56, 57ff. Note δνόψ χιτῶνος εἶδος βαθέος H. Again the group δν- seems Pre-Greek.
Middle Liddell
n
darkness, dusk, gloom, Simon., Aesch. [Akin to κνέφας.]
Frisk Etymology German
δνόφος: {dnóphos}
Forms: Hell. dafür γνόφος usw. (s. d.) mit δν > γν, wohl ehestens als rein lautlicher Vorgang zu verstehen (Schwyzer 208, Niedermann WuS 8, 64 A. 1; Bq. s. v.; vgl. indessen auch Lejeune Traité de phonétique 68 A. 1).
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Dunkel, Finsternis (Simon., A. in lyr.).
Composita: Komp. δνοφοείμων in dunkle Gewänder gehüllt (Attika IIp).
Derivative: Davon δνοφερός dunkel, finster (poet. seit Il., Hp.), auch δνόφεος (B.), δνοφόεις (Emp.), δνοφώδης (E., Hp.), vgl. Schmid -εος und -ειος 48.
Etymology: Auf eine Nebenform *δνέφος n. deutet ἰοδνεφής veilchendunkel, Beiwort von εἶρος (δ 135, ι426; vgl. Porzig Satzinhalte 300); sonst isoliert. Die allgemeine Ähnlichkeit mit ζόφος ebenso wie mit κνέφας und ψέφας (s. dd.; vgl. auch νέφος) kann nicht zufällig sein und dürfte wenigstens teilweise auf Reimbildungen und Kreuzungen von sinnverwandten expressiven Wörtern zurückzuführen sein, s. die Versuche bei Güntert Reimwortbildungen 112ff. Vgl. außerdem Petersen AmJPh 56, 57ff.
Page 1,403
Translations
darkness
Abkhaz: алашьцара; Albanian: terr, errësirë, mugëtirë; Arabic: ظَلَام, ظُلْمَة; South Levantine Arabic: عتمة; Armenian: խավար, մթություն; Aromanian: ãntunearic, ntunearic, scutidi; Asturian: escuridá; Azerbaijani: qaranlıq, zülmət; Belarusian: цемра, змрок; Bulgarian: мрак, тъмнина; Catalan: foscor; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ; Cherokee: ᎤᎳᏏᎬᎢ; Chinese Mandarin: 黑暗; Czech: tma, temnota; Danish: mørke; Dutch: duisternis, donkerheid; Esperanto: mallumo; Estonian: pimedus; Ewe: viviti; Finnish: pimeys; French: obscurité, ténèbres, sombreur, noirceur; Galician: escuridade, tebras, mourén, foscume, escureza, calixen; Georgian: სიბნელე, წყვდიადი, უკუნეთი; German: Dunkelheit, Finsternis; Gothic: 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃; Greek: σκοτάδι, έρεβος, ζόφος; Ancient Greek: ἀμυδρά, γνόφος, δνόφος, ἔρεβος, Ἔρεβος, ζοφερόν, ζόφος, κνέφας, ὄρφνα, ὄρφνη, σκοτασμός, σκοτεινόν, σκοτεινότης, σκοτία, σκότος, σκοτωδία, ψέφας, ψέφος; Haitian Creole: fènwa; Hebrew: אֲפֵלָה, חֹשֶׁךְ, עֲלָטָה; Hindi: अंधेरा, अन्धेरा; Hungarian: sötétség; Hunsrik: tunkelheet; Icelandic: myrkur, dimma, nifl, ljósleysa; Ido: tenebro; Indonesian: kegelapan; Istriot: tienabre; Italian: buio, oscurità, tenebre; Japanese: 闇, 暗黒; Javanese: pepeteng; Kapampangan: kedalumduman; Kazakh: қараңғылық, түнек; Khmer: ភាពងងឹត; Korean: 암흑(暗黑), 어두움); Kurdish Central Kurdish: تاریکی; Latgalian: timss, tymsums; Latin: tenebrae, caligo, obscuritas, nox; Latvian: tumsa; Lithuanian: tamsa; Lombard: scur; Luxembourgish: Däischtert, Donkelheet; Macedonian: темнина, мрак; Malagasy: ny maìzina; Malayalam: ഇരുട്ട്; Maltese: dlam; Maori: hinapouri, taipouri, whēuriuri; Marathi: अंधार; Middle English: derknesse; Mongolian: харанхуй; Mwani: kisi; Navajo: chahałheeł; Ngazidja Comorian: hidza class Northern Sami: seavdnjat, seavdnjadas; Norwegian Bokmål: mørke; Nynorsk: mørker, mørke; Occitan: foscor; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: тьма; Old English: þīestru; Oromo: dukkana; Persian: تیرگی, تاریکی; Polish: ciemność, mrok; Portuguese: escuridão, trevas; Punjabi Shahmukhi: ہَنیر, ہَنیرا; Quechua: laqha; Romagnol: bur; Romanian: întuneric, întunecime; Russian: темнота, тьма, мрак, потёмки; Sanskrit: रजस्, ध्वान्त, अन्धकार, तमस्; Scottish Gaelic: dubhar, dorchadas, dubh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: тама; Roman: tama, tamnoća, mračnina, mračnost; Slovak: tma, temnota; Slovene: tema; Somali: mugddi; Spanish: oscuridad; Sumerian: 𒂿, 𒋯, 𒌖, 𒀯𒅊, 𒍪𒈬𒊌, 𒌓𒄷𒄭; Swedish: mörker; Tagalog: kadiliman; Tamil: இருள்; Telugu: చీకటి, అంధకారము; Thai: ความมืด; Tibetan: མུན་པ; Tocharian B: orkamo; Tok Pisin: tudak; Turkish: karanlık; Udi: беъиънкъ, байинкъ; Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎄𐎂𐎚; Ukrainian: темрява, тьма, морок, темнота, темнота; Urdu: اندھیرا; Vietnamese: bóng tối; Welsh: tywyllwch; West Frisian: tsjusternis; Yiddish: פֿינצטערניש or; Yoruba: òkùnkùn; Yámana: akuš
