ἵνα: Difference between revisions
Ubi idem et maximus et honestissimus amor est, aliquando praestat morte jungi, quam vita distrahi → Where indeed the greatest and most honourable love exists, it is much better to be joined by death, than separated by life.
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|Definition=<span class="sense"> <span class="bld">A</span> Adv., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> of Place, </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b2">in that place, there</b>, once in Hom.,ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.10.127</span> (acc.to Eust.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> elsewh. relat., <b class="b2">in which place, where</b>, <span class="bibl">2.558</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.136</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.133</span>,<span class="bibl">9.27</span>,<span class="bibl">54</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.95</span>, <span class="bibl">B.10.79</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>21</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>22</span>,<span class="bibl">855</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1231</span>, etc.: rarely in Att. Prose, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.72</span> (v. infr.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>17c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phlb.</span>61b</span>; <b class="b3">ἵ. ἡ Νίκη</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἐστίν</b>) <span class="title">IG</span>22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Cont.</span>22</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ind.</span>3</span>: with particles, ἵ. τε <span class="bibl">Il.20.478</span>; ἵ. περ <span class="bibl">24.382</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.364</span>, Lys. l.c.; <b class="b3">ἵν' ἄν</b> c. subj., <b class="b2">wherever</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>405</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>315</span>; as indirect interrog., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.179</span>, <span class="bibl">2.150</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1008</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> after Hom., like other Advs. of Place, c. gen., ἵ. τῆς χώρης <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.98</span>; <b class="b3">ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ</b> <b class="b2">in what</b> a calamity, <span class="bibl">Id.1.213</span>; οὐδ' ὁρᾶν ἵν' ἐ̄ κακοῦ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>367</span>; <b class="b3">ἵν' ἕσταμεν χρείας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1442</span>; ἵν' ἦμεν ἄτης <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>936</span>; ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἐσμὲν αὐτοῦ πέρι τῆς ἀπορίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>243b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> with Verbs of motion, <b class="b2">whither</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.821</span>, al.; ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἥκεις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>687</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Din.2.10</span>; ιναπερ ὥρμητο <span class="bibl">Th. 4.74</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> of circumstance, <b class="b3">γάμος... ἵ. χρή</b> <b class="b2">at which, when</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.27</span>; <b class="b3">ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς... ἐνταῦθα . .</b> <b class="b2">when</b> it was in their power, <span class="bibl">Antipho 6.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἐάν]], dub. in <span class="bibl">Il.7.353</span> (v.l. [[ἵν' ἄν]], cf. Sch.), <span class="bibl">Archil. 74.7</span> codd., v.l. in <span class="bibl">Din.1.1</span>, and <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>176b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> Final Conj., <b class="b2">that, in order that</b>, from Hom. downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sts. preceded by an emphatic word, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>169d</span>; ἵ. δή <span class="bibl">Il.7.26</span>, <span class="bibl">23.207</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.29</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>420e</span>, <span class="bibl">610c</span>: never with <b class="b3">ἄν</b> or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in <span class="bibl">Od.12.156</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1579</span>). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> general usage: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> with subj., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> after primary tenses of ind., also subj. and imper.: pres. ind., <span class="bibl">Il.3.252</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.111</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.2.3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.2</span>: pf. ind., <span class="bibl">Il.1.203</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.129</span>: fut., <span class="bibl">Od.2.307</span>,<span class="bibl">4.591</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.15</span>; subj., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>364</span>; imper., <span class="bibl">Il.19.348</span>,al., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>61</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>880</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>297</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>341b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Men.</span>71d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> after historical tenses, in similes, where the aor. is gnomic, <span class="bibl">Od.5.490</span> (<b class="b3">αὔοι</b> codd.); where aor. is treated as equiv. to pf., <span class="bibl">Il.9.99</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.580</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.91</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.4</span>, <span class="bibl">D.9.26</span>: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present, σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι . . λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς <span class="bibl">Il.9.495</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.29</span>, <span class="bibl">6.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.44</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Lys.1.11</span>,12,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> after opt. and <b class="b3">ἄν</b>, when opt. with <b class="b3">οὐκ ἄν</b> is used with sense of imper., <span class="bibl">Il.24.264</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.58</span>; after <b class="b3">βουλοίμην ἄν . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.7.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> after impf. with <b class="b3">ἄν</b>, <span class="bibl">D.23.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> with opt., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> after historical tenses, <span class="bibl">Il.5.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.2</span>, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span>215</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>314c</span>, etc.: after the historical pres., <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hec.</span>11</span>: sts. both moods, subj. and opt., follow in consecutive clauses, <span class="bibl">Od.3.77</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.76</span>,<span class="bibl">9.51</span>, <span class="bibl">D.23.93</span>,<span class="bibl">49.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> after opt., <span class="bibl">Od.18.369</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>325</span>; βούλοιντ' ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐξολωλέναι, ἵνα . . λάβοιεν <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Pax</span>413</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, <span class="bibl">Od.17.250</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>24</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>410c</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> with past tenses of ind., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> after unfulfilled wishes, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cri.</span>44d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> after ind. with <b class="b3">ἄν</b>, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1389</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>89b</span>, <span class="bibl">D.29.17</span>: esp. after <b class="b3">ἐβουλόμην ἄν . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">V.</span>961</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.4.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> after such Verbs as <b class="b3">ἐχρῆν, ἔδει</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>647</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>335c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span>181e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Euthd.</span>304e</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.5</span>, <span class="bibl">D.24.48</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.349.5</span>, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, <b class="b3">τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν</b>( = [[ἔδει εἰπεῖν]]) . . ἵ . . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>161c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν</b>( = [[δέον κοσμεῖν]]) . . ἵ . . . <span class="bibl">D.36.47</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> after pres. ind. in general statements (including the past), οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν <span class="bibl">Plot.1.8.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἵ. μή</b> as the neg. of <b class="b3">ἵνα</b>, <b class="b2">that not</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.19.348</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> special usages: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> like [[ὅπως]], after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but cf. <span class="bibl">Od.3.327</span> with ib.<span class="bibl">19</span>), <b class="b3">ἀξιοῦν ἵ . . .</b> Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.155</span>; δεήσεσθαι ἵ . . . <span class="bibl">D.H.1.83</span>; παρακαλεῖν ἵ . . . <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.23.27</span>: freq. in <span class="title">NT</span>, ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>6.12</span>, al.; of will, <b class="b3">ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν . .</b> ib.<span class="bibl">25</span>: hence <b class="b3">ἵ</b>. c. subj. stands for infin., <b class="b3">ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε</b>( = [[ἐν τῷ φέρειν]]) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>15.8</span>, etc.; πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.10.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">M.Ant.8.29</span>; also for <b class="b3">ὥστε</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>22.14</span>,al., Plu.2.333a, <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>2.33</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">because</b>, <b class="b3">ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην</b> I was honoured <b class="b2">because</b> I read, Anon. ap. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>266.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Conj.</span>243.21</span>, <span class="bibl">Choerob.<span class="title">in Theod.</span>2.257</span>, al.; not found in literature. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> elliptical usages, </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> where the purpose of the utterance is stated, <b class="b3">Ζεὺς ἔσθ', ἵν' εἰδῇς</b> 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] <b class="b2">that</b> thou may'st know it, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>989</span>; ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>507d</span>; ἵ. συντέμω <span class="bibl">D.45.5</span>; ἵν' ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι <span class="bibl">Id.21.43</span>; <b class="b3">ἵ. δῶμεν . .</b> <b class="b2">granted that . .</b>, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>2.34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.79</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> in commands, introducing a principal sentence, <b class="b3">ἵ. συντάξῃς</b> <b class="b2">order</b> him... <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span> 240.12</span> (iii B.C.); ἵ. λαλήσῃς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>4.412.1</span> (iii B.C.); ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>5.23</span>,cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>8.7</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">2 Ma.</span>1.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>4.1.41</span>, Did. ap. Sch.<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>156</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ἵ. τί</b> (sc. <b class="b3">γένηται</b>); <b class="b2">to what end?</b> either abs. or as a question, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>719</span>; or with a Verb following, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span> 409</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>26d</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἵ. δὴ τί</b>; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1192</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> in indignant exclamations, <b class="b2">to think that . . !</b> Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.29.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> in later Gr. with ind., <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>1.11</span>,al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Gal.</span>2.4</span>, <span class="bibl">4.17</span>, etc.</span> | |Definition=<span class="sense"> <span class="bld">A</span> Adv., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> of Place, </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b2">in that place, there</b>, once in Hom.,ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.10.127</span> (acc.to Eust.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> elsewh. relat., <b class="b2">in which place, where</b>, <span class="bibl">2.558</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.136</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.133</span>,<span class="bibl">9.27</span>,<span class="bibl">54</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.95</span>, <span class="bibl">B.10.79</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>21</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>22</span>,<span class="bibl">855</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1231</span>, etc.: rarely in Att. Prose, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.72</span> (v. infr.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>17c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phlb.</span>61b</span>; <b class="b3">ἵ. ἡ Νίκη</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἐστίν</b>) <span class="title">IG</span>22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Cont.</span>22</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ind.</span>3</span>: with particles, ἵ. τε <span class="bibl">Il.20.478</span>; ἵ. περ <span class="bibl">24.382</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.364</span>, Lys. l.c.; <b class="b3">ἵν' ἄν</b> c. subj., <b class="b2">wherever</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>405</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>315</span>; as indirect interrog., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.179</span>, <span class="bibl">2.150</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1008</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> after Hom., like other Advs. of Place, c. gen., ἵ. τῆς χώρης <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.98</span>; <b class="b3">ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ</b> <b class="b2">in what</b> a calamity, <span class="bibl">Id.1.213</span>; οὐδ' ὁρᾶν ἵν' ἐ̄ κακοῦ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>367</span>; <b class="b3">ἵν' ἕσταμεν χρείας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1442</span>; ἵν' ἦμεν ἄτης <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>936</span>; ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἐσμὲν αὐτοῦ πέρι τῆς ἀπορίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>243b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> with Verbs of motion, <b class="b2">whither</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.821</span>, al.; ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἥκεις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>687</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Din.2.10</span>; ιναπερ ὥρμητο <span class="bibl">Th. 4.74</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> of circumstance, <b class="b3">γάμος... ἵ. χρή</b> <b class="b2">at which, when</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.27</span>; <b class="b3">ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς... ἐνταῦθα . .</b> <b class="b2">when</b> it was in their power, <span class="bibl">Antipho 6.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἐάν]], dub. in <span class="bibl">Il.7.353</span> (v.l. [[ἵν' ἄν]], cf. Sch.), <span class="bibl">Archil. 74.7</span> codd., v.l. in <span class="bibl">Din.1.1</span>, and <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>176b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> Final Conj., <b class="b2">that, in order that</b>, from Hom. downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sts. preceded by an emphatic word, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>169d</span>; ἵ. δή <span class="bibl">Il.7.26</span>, <span class="bibl">23.207</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.29</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>420e</span>, <span class="bibl">610c</span>: never with <b class="b3">ἄν</b> or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in <span class="bibl">Od.12.156</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1579</span>). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> general usage: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> with subj., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> after primary tenses of ind., also subj. and imper.: pres. ind., <span class="bibl">Il.3.252</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.111</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.2.3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.2</span>: pf. ind., <span class="bibl">Il.1.203</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.129</span>: fut., <span class="bibl">Od.2.307</span>,<span class="bibl">4.591</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.15</span>; subj., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>364</span>; imper., <span class="bibl">Il.19.348</span>,al., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>61</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>880</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>297</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>341b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Men.</span>71d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> after historical tenses, in similes, where the aor. is gnomic, <span class="bibl">Od.5.490</span> (<b class="b3">αὔοι</b> codd.); where aor. is treated as equiv. to pf., <span class="bibl">Il.9.99</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.580</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.91</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.4</span>, <span class="bibl">D.9.26</span>: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present, σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι . . λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς <span class="bibl">Il.9.495</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.29</span>, <span class="bibl">6.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.44</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Lys.1.11</span>,12,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> after opt. and <b class="b3">ἄν</b>, when opt. with <b class="b3">οὐκ ἄν</b> is used with sense of imper., <span class="bibl">Il.24.264</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.58</span>; after <b class="b3">βουλοίμην ἄν . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.7.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> after impf. with <b class="b3">ἄν</b>, <span class="bibl">D.23.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> with opt., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> after historical tenses, <span class="bibl">Il.5.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.2</span>, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span>215</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>314c</span>, etc.: after the historical pres., <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hec.</span>11</span>: sts. both moods, subj. and opt., follow in consecutive clauses, <span class="bibl">Od.3.77</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.76</span>,<span class="bibl">9.51</span>, <span class="bibl">D.23.93</span>,<span class="bibl">49.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> after opt., <span class="bibl">Od.18.369</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>325</span>; βούλοιντ' ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐξολωλέναι, ἵνα . . λάβοιεν <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Pax</span>413</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, <span class="bibl">Od.17.250</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>24</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>410c</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> with past tenses of ind., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> after unfulfilled wishes, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cri.</span>44d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> after ind. with <b class="b3">ἄν</b>, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1389</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>89b</span>, <span class="bibl">D.29.17</span>: esp. after <b class="b3">ἐβουλόμην ἄν . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">V.</span>961</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.4.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> after such Verbs as <b class="b3">ἐχρῆν, ἔδει</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>647</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>335c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span>181e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Euthd.</span>304e</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.5</span>, <span class="bibl">D.24.48</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.349.5</span>, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, <b class="b3">τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν</b>( = [[ἔδει εἰπεῖν]]) . . ἵ . . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>161c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν</b>( = [[δέον κοσμεῖν]]) . . ἵ . . . <span class="bibl">D.36.47</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> after pres. ind. in general statements (including the past), οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν <span class="bibl">Plot.1.8.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἵ. μή</b> as the neg. of <b class="b3">ἵνα</b>, <b class="b2">that not</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.19.348</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> special usages: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> like [[ὅπως]], after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but cf. <span class="bibl">Od.3.327</span> with ib.<span class="bibl">19</span>), <b class="b3">ἀξιοῦν ἵ . . .</b> Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.155</span>; δεήσεσθαι ἵ . . . <span class="bibl">D.H.1.83</span>; παρακαλεῖν ἵ . . . <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.23.27</span>: freq. in <span class="title">NT</span>, ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>6.12</span>, al.; of will, <b class="b3">ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν . .</b> ib.<span class="bibl">25</span>: hence <b class="b3">ἵ</b>. c. subj. stands for infin., <b class="b3">ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε</b>( = [[ἐν τῷ φέρειν]]) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>15.8</span>, etc.; πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.10.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">M.Ant.8.29</span>; also for <b class="b3">ὥστε</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>22.14</span>,al., Plu.2.333a, <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>2.33</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">because</b>, <b class="b3">ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην</b> I was honoured <b class="b2">because</b> I read, Anon. ap. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>266.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Conj.</span>243.21</span>, <span class="bibl">Choerob.<span class="title">in Theod.</span>2.257</span>, al.; not found in literature. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> elliptical usages, </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> where the purpose of the utterance is stated, <b class="b3">Ζεὺς ἔσθ', ἵν' εἰδῇς</b> 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] <b class="b2">that</b> thou may'st know it, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>989</span>; ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>507d</span>; ἵ. συντέμω <span class="bibl">D.45.5</span>; ἵν' ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι <span class="bibl">Id.21.43</span>; <b class="b3">ἵ. δῶμεν . .</b> <b class="b2">granted that . .</b>, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>2.34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.79</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> in commands, introducing a principal sentence, <b class="b3">ἵ. συντάξῃς</b> <b class="b2">order</b> him... <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span> 240.12</span> (iii B.C.); ἵ. λαλήσῃς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>4.412.1</span> (iii B.C.); ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>5.23</span>,cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>8.7</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">2 Ma.</span>1.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>4.1.41</span>, Did. ap. Sch.<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>156</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ἵ. τί</b> (sc. <b class="b3">γένηται</b>); <b class="b2">to what end?</b> either abs. or as a question, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>719</span>; or with a Verb following, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span> 409</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>26d</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἵ. δὴ τί</b>; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1192</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> in indignant exclamations, <b class="b2">to think that . . !</b> Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.29.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> in later Gr. with ind., <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>1.11</span>,al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Gal.</span>2.4</span>, <span class="bibl">4.17</span>, etc.</span> | ||
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{{pape | |||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1253.png Seite 1253]] (von dem alten Pronomen ἵ), – 1) adv., – a) des Ortes, <b class="b2">wo, da wo</b>; παρὰ τύμβον, ἵν' ἀνέρες ἀγχιμαχηταί Il. 2, 604, öfter; auch mit Hinzufügung von τε, wie bei anderen Relativis (s. τε), ἵνα τε ξυνέχουσι τένοντες 20, 478; ἐν δρόμοις, ἵνα ταχυτὰς ποδῶν ἐρίζεται Pind. Ol. 1, 95; 8, 2 u. öfter; Tragg., ἵνα αἱ Φορκίδες ναίουσι Aesch. Prom. 795; ἄρουραν ἵν' ἐτράφη Spt. 736; ἵνα ἡλίου [[διπλῆ]] πάρεστιν [[ἐνθάκησις]] Soph. Phil. 17; ἵζων ἵν' ἦν μοι παντὸς οἰωνοῦ [[λιμήν]] Ant. 987, öfter; Eur. Hec. 2, 711; ἐγὼ γὰρ οἶδ' ἵν' εἰσὶ μεγάλοι Ar. Nubb. 190; Her. 8, 115. 9, 27; auch in attischer Prosa einzeln, ὀρθῶς ἵν' οἰκεῖ πύθοιτ' [[αὐτοῦ]] Plat. Phil. 61 b; Luc. adv. Ind. 11; dem [[ὅπου]] entspricht es Plat. Legg. V, 734 c Gorg. 484 e; c. gen., οἰκοδομέουσι [[οἰκία]] ἵνα αὐτὸς ἔφρασε τῆς χώρης, Her. 1, 98. 2, 133; auch οὐ βλέπεις ἵν' εἶ κακοῦ, wo im Unglück, auf welchem Punkte od. auf welcher Höhe des Unglücks du stehst, Soph. O. R. 413, vgl. 367 Ai. 379; so Her. 1, 213; übh. von Zuständen, ἵν' ἕσταμεν χρείας [[ἄμεινον]] ἐκμαθεῖν, τί δραστέον Soph. O. R. 1442, wo wir stehen, in solcher Noth; ξυμφορᾶς ἵν' ἕσταμεν Tr. 1135; El. 936; –<b class="b2"> wohin</b>, ἵν' οἴχεται Od. 4, 821, ἐς βουλήν, ἵνα μιν κάλεον Φαίηκες 6, 55; auch ἵνα γάρ [[σφιν]] [[ἐπέφραδον]] ἠγερεθέσθαι, dahin, Il. 10, 127; ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἥκεις Soph. O. R. 687, wohin du gerathen bist; σκόπει κλύων, τὰ σέμν' ἵν' ἥκει τοῦ θεοῦ μαντεύματα 953; ἰὼ δαῖμον ἵν' ἐξήλλου 1311; εἰ ἦν ἕτερός τις [[τόπος]], ἵνα ἐξῆν ἀπάγειν τους κλέπτοντας Din. 2, 10. – b) von der Zeit, <b class="b2">wann</b>, wie man Od. 6, 27 σοὶ δὲ [[γάμος]] [[σχεδόν]] ἐστιν, ἵνα χρὴ καλὰ ἕννυσθαι erkl., richtiger<b class="b2"> wobei</b>, bei welcher Veranlassung; ἵνα μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς τιμωρήσασθαι, [[ἐνταῦθα]] μὲν οὐδεὶς οἷός τε ἐγένετο ἐλέγξαι· ἐν δὲ τούτῳ τῷ ἀγῶνι Andoc. 6, 9. – 21 Conjunction, <b class="b2">damit</b>, daß, ἵνα μή, damit nicht; – a) c. indic. des impf. u. aor. in einem hypothetischen Satze zum Ausdruck der Nichtwirklichkeit, bes. nach ἐχρῆν u. ä., σὲ ἐχρῆν ἡμῖν συγχωρεῖν, ἵνα [[συνουσία]] ἐγίγνετο Plat. Prot. 335 c; [[χρῆν]] καὶ νόμον εἶναι, – ἵνα μὴ σπουδὴ ἀνηλίσκετο, es sollte ein Gesetz geben, damit nicht verschwendet würde (das Gesetz ist aber nicht, u. es wird verschwendet), Conv. 181 c; Crit. 44 d; ἄξιον ἦν ἀκούειν, – ἵνα ἤκουσας, es wäre der Mühe werth gewesen, damit du gehört hättest (was du so nicht gehört hast), Euthyd. 304 e, vgl. Theaet. 161 c; ἐβουλόμην μὲν ἕτερον ἂν λέγειν τὰ βέλτισθ' ἵν' ἐκαθήμην [[ἥσυχος]], damit ich ruhig hätte sitzen bleiben können, Ar. Eccl. 151; vgl. Eur. Hipp. 647; Soph. O. R. 1326; Isocr. 9, 5; Dem. 55, 6; – aber Xen. Cyr. 1, 6, 40 ist ἵνα συνέδει f. L. u. jetzt richtig geändert. – Bei Hom. ist der Conj. oft durch Kürze des Modusvocals gleich dem Indic., ἵνα μίσγεαι Il. 2, 232, ἵνα παύσομεν 21, 314, ἵνα μετα δαίσομαι 23, 207, ἵνα σπείσομεν Od. 7, 164, welche Fälle sämmtlich regelmäßig sind u. zum Folgdn gehören. – b) c. conj., auf die Zukunft gehend, wenn ein praes. od. fut. vorausgeht, od. ein imperat., od. ein conj. hortativ.; ἐξαύδα, ἵνα εἴδομεν [[ἄμφω]] (für εἰδῶμεν), Il. 1, 363; 2, 381; [[ἄλκιμος]] ἔσσ' ἵνα [[τίς]] σε καὶ ὀψιγόνων εὖ εἴπῃ Od. 1, 302; 2, 111. 5, 91; [[ταῦτα]] τελευτήσουσιν Ἀχαιοί, ἵνα [[θᾶσσον]] [[ἵκηαι]] 2, 306; 4, 591 Il. 15, 31; λῦσον, ἵν' ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἴδω 24, 555; τήνδε νῦν πόρπασον ἀσφαλῶς, ἵνα μάθῃ Aesch. Prom. 61; εἴπω τι [[δῆτα]] κἄλλ' ἵν' ὀργίζῃ [[πλέον]] Soph. O. R. 364, öfter; αὐτὰ [[ταῦτα]] ἥκω παρὰ σέ, ἵνα ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ διαλεχθῇς αὐτῷ Plat. Prot. 310 e; δοκεῖ μοι κατακαῦσαι τὰς ἁμάξας, ἵνα μὴ τὰ ζεύγη ἡμῶν στρατηγῇ Xen. An. 3, 2, 27, u. sonst. Keine Ausnahme davon ist Il. 24, 264 οὐκ ἂν δή μοι ἅμαξαν ἐφοπλίσσαιτε τάχιστα, ἵνα πρήσσωμεν ὁδοῖο, wo der opt. potent. die Stelle des imperat. vertritt, bereitet mir den Wagen, damit wir den Weg machen; auffallender Xen. ἐπιστάμεθα, ὅτι βασιλεὺς ἡμᾶς ἀπολέσαι περὶ παντὸς ἂν ποιήσαιτο, ἵνα καὶ ἄλλοις [[φόβος]] ᾐ 2, 4, 3. – Eben so nach Perfectis, τίπτ' αὖτ' εἰλήλουθας; ἢ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ; warum bist du gekommen, bist du hier? etwa, damit du sehest, Il. 1, 202. – Aber auch nach aor. u. impft. in indirecter Rede, mit dem bei der lebhaften Darstellung der Griechen so häufigen Uebergang in die directe Darstellung, u. mit der Beziehung auf die Gegenwart, wenn das von ἵνα abhängige Verbum eine noch in der Gegenwart fortdauernde Handlung ausdrückt, πλοῖα Ἀβροκόμας κατέκαυσεν, ἵνα μὴ [[Κῦρος]] διαβῇ Xen. An. 1, 4, 18 (denn Abrokomas sagt [[κατακαίω]] τὰ πλοῖα, ἵνα μὴ διαβῇ); προσελθεῖν ἐκέλευον, εἴ τις εἴη [[στρατηγός]], ἵνα ἀπαγγείλωσι τὰ παρὰ βασιλέως 2, 5, 36; 4, 6, 6 u. öfter bei Xen.; Thuc. u. Sp. Vgl. noch Eur. Hec. 27; ἠρχόμεθα διαλεγόμενοι, ἵνα εὕρωμεν Plat. Theaet. 186 e; Andoc. 1, 40. – c) c. optat. nach den Präteritis, Ἠέλιος δ' ἀνόρουσε, ἵν' ἀθανάτοισι φανείη, Od. 3, 1. 438. 5, 1. 492 Il. 5, 2 u. öfter; Aesch. Spt. 197; ἵνα μὴ ἀτελὴς γένοιτο, διελεγόμεθα Plat. Prot. 314 c, u. sonst überall. Das praes. histor. macht hiervon nur scheinbar eine Ausnahme, πέμπει χρυσόν, ἵν' εἴη Eur. Hec. 10. – Nach einem andern optat., θυμὸν γένοιτο χειρὶ πληρῶσαί ποτε, ἵν' αἱ Μυκῆναι γνοῖεν Soph. Phil. 325. – Doch tritt der optat. auch zuweilen für den conj. ein, wenn mehr die Absicht, daß Etwas geschehen <b class="b2">könne</b>, ausgedrückt werden soll, wie Fälle aufzufassen sind, wo beide modi neben einander stehen, [[ἐρέω]] μὲν [[ἐγών]], ἵνα εἰδότες ἤ κε θάνωμεν ἤ κεν Κῆρα φύγοιμεν, Od. 12, 176 Il. 24, 584; vgl. Eur. Ion 1623; Her. 9, 51 ἄλλο δέ τι ἐξευρήκασι, ἵνα μὴ ἀδικοῖεν αὐτὰς μηδ' εἰς ἑτέραν πόλιν ἄγωνται, damit sie nicht etwa ihnen Unrecht zufügten, was wohl möglich wäre, u. auch nicht in eine andre Stadt führten, was zu erwarten stand, als bestimmt eintretend zu denken ist. Vgl. noch Ar. Ran. 21 εἶτ' οὐχ [[ὕβρις]] ταῦτ' ἐστί, ὅτ' ἐγὼ [[βαδίζω]], τοῦτον δ' ὀχῶ, ἵνα μὴ ταλαιπωροῖτο. – Il. 7, 352 τῷ οὔ νύ τι κέρδιον ἧμιν ἔλπομαι ἐκτελέεσθαι, ἵνα μὴ ῥέξομεν ὧδε, ἵνα = ἐάν, der Vers ist aber für unecht erklärt. – Bei Sp. auch = so daß, τί μοι [[τοιοῦτο]] συνέγνως, ἵνα τοιαύταις με κολακεύσῃς ἡδοναῖς Plut. de Alex. fort. I, 12; Orph. Arg. 251. – Ἵνα τί, elliptisch, sc. γένηται, damit was geschehe? d. i. wozu? warum? absolut, Ar. Eccl. 719, oder mit einem Verbum, ἵνα τί δὲ τοῦτο δρᾶτον Pax 409; ἵνα τί τοῦτο λέγεις Plat. Apol. 26 c; Conv. 205 a; N. T.; eben so ἵνα δὴ τί, Ar. Nubb. 1192. | |||
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Revision as of 19:34, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
A Adv., I of Place, 1 in that place, there, once in Hom.,ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι Il.10.127 (acc.to Eust.). 2 elsewh. relat., in which place, where, 2.558, Od.9.136, Hdt.2.133,9.27,54, Pi.O.1.95, B.10.79, A.Pr.21, al., S.El.22,855, Ar.Ra.1231, etc.: rarely in Att. Prose, Lys.13.72 (v. infr.), Pl.Ap.17c, Phlb.61b; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (sc. ἐστίν) IG22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, Arr.An.1.3.2, Luc.Cont.22, Ind.3: with particles, ἵ. τε Il.20.478; ἵ. περ 24.382, Od.13.364, Lys. l.c.; ἵν' ἄν c. subj., wherever, S.OC405, E.Ion315; as indirect interrog., Hdt.1.179, 2.150, E.Hec.1008. b after Hom., like other Advs. of Place, c. gen., ἵ. τῆς χώρης Hdt.1.98; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a calamity, Id.1.213; οὐδ' ὁρᾶν ἵν' ἐ̄ κακοῦ S.OT367; ἵν' ἕσταμεν χρείας ib.1442; ἵν' ἦμεν ἄτης Id.El.936; ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἐσμὲν αὐτοῦ πέρι τῆς ἀπορίας Pl.Sph.243b. c with Verbs of motion, whither, Od.4.821, al.; ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἥκεις S.OT687, al., Din.2.10; ιναπερ ὥρμητο Th. 4.74. II of circumstance, γάμος... ἵ. χρή at which, when, Od.6.27; ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς... ἐνταῦθα . . when it was in their power, Antipho 6.9. 2 = ἐάν, dub. in Il.7.353 (v.l. ἵν' ἄν, cf. Sch.), Archil. 74.7 codd., v.l. in Din.1.1, and Pl.Chrm.176b. B Final Conj., that, in order that, from Hom. downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sts. preceded by an emphatic word, Pl.Chrm.169d; ἵ. δή Il.7.26, 23.207, Hdt.1.29, Pl.R.420e, 610c: never with ἄν or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in Od.12.156, E.IA1579). I general usage: 1 with subj., a after primary tenses of ind., also subj. and imper.: pres. ind., Il.3.252, Od.2.111, X.Mem.3.2.3, Cyr.1.2.11, Isoc.3.2: pf. ind., Il.1.203, Isoc.4.129: fut., Od.2.307,4.591, X.Cyr.1.2.15; subj., S.OT364; imper., Il.19.348,al., A.Pr.61, S.Ph.880, Ar.Ra.297, Pl.R.341b, Men.71d. b after historical tenses, in similes, where the aor. is gnomic, Od.5.490 (αὔοι codd.); where aor. is treated as equiv. to pf., Il.9.99, Od.8.580, Hdt.5.91, Lys.1.4, D.9.26: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present, σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι . . λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς Il.9.495, cf. Hdt.1.29, 6.100, Th.1.44, al., Lys.1.11,12,al. c after opt. and ἄν, when opt. with οὐκ ἄν is used with sense of imper., Il.24.264, Od.6.58; after βουλοίμην ἄν . ., Lys.7.12. d after impf. with ἄν, D.23.7. 2 with opt., a after historical tenses, Il.5.3, Od.3.2, A. Th.215, Lys.3.11, Pl.Prt.314c, etc.: after the historical pres., E. Hec.11: sts. both moods, subj. and opt., follow in consecutive clauses, Od.3.77, Hdt.8.76,9.51, D.23.93,49.14. b after opt., Od.18.369, S.Ph.325; βούλοιντ' ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐξολωλέναι, ἵνα . . λάβοιεν Ar. Pax413. c rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, Od.17.250, Ar.Ra.24, Pl.R.410c. 3 with past tenses of ind., a after unfulfilled wishes, Id.Cri.44d. b after ind. with ἄν, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, S.OT1389, Pl.Men.89b, D.29.17: esp. after ἐβουλόμην ἄν . ., Ar. V.961, Lys.4.3. c after such Verbs as ἐχρῆν, ἔδει, E.Hipp.647, Pl.Prt.335c, Smp.181e, Euthd.304e, Isoc.9.5, D.24.48, Men.349.5, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν( = ἔδει εἰπεῖν) . . ἵ . . . Pl.Tht.161c; ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν( = δέον κοσμεῖν) . . ἵ . . . D.36.47. d after pres. ind. in general statements (including the past), οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν Plot.1.8.5. 4 ἵ. μή as the neg. of ἵνα, that not, Il.19.348, etc. II special usages: 1 like ὅπως, after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but cf. Od.3.327 with ib.19), ἀξιοῦν ἵ . . . Decr. ap. D.18.155; δεήσεσθαι ἵ . . . D.H.1.83; παρακαλεῖν ἵ . . . Arr.Epict.3.23.27: freq. in NT, ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν Ev.Marc.6.12, al.; of will, ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν . . ib.25: hence ἵ. c. subj. stands for infin., ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε( = ἐν τῷ φέρειν) Ev.Jo.15.8, etc.; πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ Arr.Epict.1.10.8, cf. M.Ant.8.29; also for ὥστε, LXX Ge.22.14,al., Plu.2.333a, Porph.Abst.2.33, etc. 2 because, ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην I was honoured because I read, Anon. ap. A.D.Synt.266.5, cf. Conj.243.21, Choerob.in Theod.2.257, al.; not found in literature. 3 elliptical usages, a where the purpose of the utterance is stated, Ζεὺς ἔσθ', ἵν' εἰδῇς 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] that thou may'st know it, S.Ph.989; ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ Pl.R.507d; ἵ. συντέμω D.45.5; ἵν' ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι Id.21.43; ἵ. δῶμεν . . granted that . ., S.E.P.2.34, cf. 1.79. b in commands, introducing a principal sentence, ἵ. συντάξῃς order him... PCair.Zen. 240.12 (iii B.C.); ἵ. λαλήσῃς PSI4.412.1 (iii B.C.); ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ Ev.Marc.5.23,cf. 2 Ep.Cor.8.7, LXX 2 Ma.1.9, Arr.Epict.4.1.41, Did. ap. Sch.S.OC156. c ἵ. τί (sc. γένηται); to what end? either abs. or as a question, Ar.Ec.719; or with a Verb following, Id.Pax 409, cf. Pl.Ap.26d, etc.; ἵ. δὴ τί; Ar.Nu.1192. d in indignant exclamations, to think that . . ! Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα Arr.Epict.1.29.16. III in later Gr. with ind., LXXEx.1.11,al., Ep.Gal.2.4, 4.17, etc.
German (Pape)
[Seite 1253] (von dem alten Pronomen ἵ), – 1) adv., – a) des Ortes, wo, da wo; παρὰ τύμβον, ἵν' ἀνέρες ἀγχιμαχηταί Il. 2, 604, öfter; auch mit Hinzufügung von τε, wie bei anderen Relativis (s. τε), ἵνα τε ξυνέχουσι τένοντες 20, 478; ἐν δρόμοις, ἵνα ταχυτὰς ποδῶν ἐρίζεται Pind. Ol. 1, 95; 8, 2 u. öfter; Tragg., ἵνα αἱ Φορκίδες ναίουσι Aesch. Prom. 795; ἄρουραν ἵν' ἐτράφη Spt. 736; ἵνα ἡλίου διπλῆ πάρεστιν ἐνθάκησις Soph. Phil. 17; ἵζων ἵν' ἦν μοι παντὸς οἰωνοῦ λιμήν Ant. 987, öfter; Eur. Hec. 2, 711; ἐγὼ γὰρ οἶδ' ἵν' εἰσὶ μεγάλοι Ar. Nubb. 190; Her. 8, 115. 9, 27; auch in attischer Prosa einzeln, ὀρθῶς ἵν' οἰκεῖ πύθοιτ' αὐτοῦ Plat. Phil. 61 b; Luc. adv. Ind. 11; dem ὅπου entspricht es Plat. Legg. V, 734 c Gorg. 484 e; c. gen., οἰκοδομέουσι οἰκία ἵνα αὐτὸς ἔφρασε τῆς χώρης, Her. 1, 98. 2, 133; auch οὐ βλέπεις ἵν' εἶ κακοῦ, wo im Unglück, auf welchem Punkte od. auf welcher Höhe des Unglücks du stehst, Soph. O. R. 413, vgl. 367 Ai. 379; so Her. 1, 213; übh. von Zuständen, ἵν' ἕσταμεν χρείας ἄμεινον ἐκμαθεῖν, τί δραστέον Soph. O. R. 1442, wo wir stehen, in solcher Noth; ξυμφορᾶς ἵν' ἕσταμεν Tr. 1135; El. 936; – wohin, ἵν' οἴχεται Od. 4, 821, ἐς βουλήν, ἵνα μιν κάλεον Φαίηκες 6, 55; auch ἵνα γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερεθέσθαι, dahin, Il. 10, 127; ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἥκεις Soph. O. R. 687, wohin du gerathen bist; σκόπει κλύων, τὰ σέμν' ἵν' ἥκει τοῦ θεοῦ μαντεύματα 953; ἰὼ δαῖμον ἵν' ἐξήλλου 1311; εἰ ἦν ἕτερός τις τόπος, ἵνα ἐξῆν ἀπάγειν τους κλέπτοντας Din. 2, 10. – b) von der Zeit, wann, wie man Od. 6, 27 σοὶ δὲ γάμος σχεδόν ἐστιν, ἵνα χρὴ καλὰ ἕννυσθαι erkl., richtiger wobei, bei welcher Veranlassung; ἵνα μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς τιμωρήσασθαι, ἐνταῦθα μὲν οὐδεὶς οἷός τε ἐγένετο ἐλέγξαι· ἐν δὲ τούτῳ τῷ ἀγῶνι Andoc. 6, 9. – 21 Conjunction, damit, daß, ἵνα μή, damit nicht; – a) c. indic. des impf. u. aor. in einem hypothetischen Satze zum Ausdruck der Nichtwirklichkeit, bes. nach ἐχρῆν u. ä., σὲ ἐχρῆν ἡμῖν συγχωρεῖν, ἵνα συνουσία ἐγίγνετο Plat. Prot. 335 c; χρῆν καὶ νόμον εἶναι, – ἵνα μὴ σπουδὴ ἀνηλίσκετο, es sollte ein Gesetz geben, damit nicht verschwendet würde (das Gesetz ist aber nicht, u. es wird verschwendet), Conv. 181 c; Crit. 44 d; ἄξιον ἦν ἀκούειν, – ἵνα ἤκουσας, es wäre der Mühe werth gewesen, damit du gehört hättest (was du so nicht gehört hast), Euthyd. 304 e, vgl. Theaet. 161 c; ἐβουλόμην μὲν ἕτερον ἂν λέγειν τὰ βέλτισθ' ἵν' ἐκαθήμην ἥσυχος, damit ich ruhig hätte sitzen bleiben können, Ar. Eccl. 151; vgl. Eur. Hipp. 647; Soph. O. R. 1326; Isocr. 9, 5; Dem. 55, 6; – aber Xen. Cyr. 1, 6, 40 ist ἵνα συνέδει f. L. u. jetzt richtig geändert. – Bei Hom. ist der Conj. oft durch Kürze des Modusvocals gleich dem Indic., ἵνα μίσγεαι Il. 2, 232, ἵνα παύσομεν 21, 314, ἵνα μετα δαίσομαι 23, 207, ἵνα σπείσομεν Od. 7, 164, welche Fälle sämmtlich regelmäßig sind u. zum Folgdn gehören. – b) c. conj., auf die Zukunft gehend, wenn ein praes. od. fut. vorausgeht, od. ein imperat., od. ein conj. hortativ.; ἐξαύδα, ἵνα εἴδομεν ἄμφω (für εἰδῶμεν), Il. 1, 363; 2, 381; ἄλκιμος ἔσσ' ἵνα τίς σε καὶ ὀψιγόνων εὖ εἴπῃ Od. 1, 302; 2, 111. 5, 91; ταῦτα τελευτήσουσιν Ἀχαιοί, ἵνα θᾶσσον ἵκηαι 2, 306; 4, 591 Il. 15, 31; λῦσον, ἵν' ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἴδω 24, 555; τήνδε νῦν πόρπασον ἀσφαλῶς, ἵνα μάθῃ Aesch. Prom. 61; εἴπω τι δῆτα κἄλλ' ἵν' ὀργίζῃ πλέον Soph. O. R. 364, öfter; αὐτὰ ταῦτα ἥκω παρὰ σέ, ἵνα ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ διαλεχθῇς αὐτῷ Plat. Prot. 310 e; δοκεῖ μοι κατακαῦσαι τὰς ἁμάξας, ἵνα μὴ τὰ ζεύγη ἡμῶν στρατηγῇ Xen. An. 3, 2, 27, u. sonst. Keine Ausnahme davon ist Il. 24, 264 οὐκ ἂν δή μοι ἅμαξαν ἐφοπλίσσαιτε τάχιστα, ἵνα πρήσσωμεν ὁδοῖο, wo der opt. potent. die Stelle des imperat. vertritt, bereitet mir den Wagen, damit wir den Weg machen; auffallender Xen. ἐπιστάμεθα, ὅτι βασιλεὺς ἡμᾶς ἀπολέσαι περὶ παντὸς ἂν ποιήσαιτο, ἵνα καὶ ἄλλοις φόβος ᾐ 2, 4, 3. – Eben so nach Perfectis, τίπτ' αὖτ' εἰλήλουθας; ἢ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ; warum bist du gekommen, bist du hier? etwa, damit du sehest, Il. 1, 202. – Aber auch nach aor. u. impft. in indirecter Rede, mit dem bei der lebhaften Darstellung der Griechen so häufigen Uebergang in die directe Darstellung, u. mit der Beziehung auf die Gegenwart, wenn das von ἵνα abhängige Verbum eine noch in der Gegenwart fortdauernde Handlung ausdrückt, πλοῖα Ἀβροκόμας κατέκαυσεν, ἵνα μὴ Κῦρος διαβῇ Xen. An. 1, 4, 18 (denn Abrokomas sagt κατακαίω τὰ πλοῖα, ἵνα μὴ διαβῇ); προσελθεῖν ἐκέλευον, εἴ τις εἴη στρατηγός, ἵνα ἀπαγγείλωσι τὰ παρὰ βασιλέως 2, 5, 36; 4, 6, 6 u. öfter bei Xen.; Thuc. u. Sp. Vgl. noch Eur. Hec. 27; ἠρχόμεθα διαλεγόμενοι, ἵνα εὕρωμεν Plat. Theaet. 186 e; Andoc. 1, 40. – c) c. optat. nach den Präteritis, Ἠέλιος δ' ἀνόρουσε, ἵν' ἀθανάτοισι φανείη, Od. 3, 1. 438. 5, 1. 492 Il. 5, 2 u. öfter; Aesch. Spt. 197; ἵνα μὴ ἀτελὴς γένοιτο, διελεγόμεθα Plat. Prot. 314 c, u. sonst überall. Das praes. histor. macht hiervon nur scheinbar eine Ausnahme, πέμπει χρυσόν, ἵν' εἴη Eur. Hec. 10. – Nach einem andern optat., θυμὸν γένοιτο χειρὶ πληρῶσαί ποτε, ἵν' αἱ Μυκῆναι γνοῖεν Soph. Phil. 325. – Doch tritt der optat. auch zuweilen für den conj. ein, wenn mehr die Absicht, daß Etwas geschehen könne, ausgedrückt werden soll, wie Fälle aufzufassen sind, wo beide modi neben einander stehen, ἐρέω μὲν ἐγών, ἵνα εἰδότες ἤ κε θάνωμεν ἤ κεν Κῆρα φύγοιμεν, Od. 12, 176 Il. 24, 584; vgl. Eur. Ion 1623; Her. 9, 51 ἄλλο δέ τι ἐξευρήκασι, ἵνα μὴ ἀδικοῖεν αὐτὰς μηδ' εἰς ἑτέραν πόλιν ἄγωνται, damit sie nicht etwa ihnen Unrecht zufügten, was wohl möglich wäre, u. auch nicht in eine andre Stadt führten, was zu erwarten stand, als bestimmt eintretend zu denken ist. Vgl. noch Ar. Ran. 21 εἶτ' οὐχ ὕβρις ταῦτ' ἐστί, ὅτ' ἐγὼ βαδίζω, τοῦτον δ' ὀχῶ, ἵνα μὴ ταλαιπωροῖτο. – Il. 7, 352 τῷ οὔ νύ τι κέρδιον ἧμιν ἔλπομαι ἐκτελέεσθαι, ἵνα μὴ ῥέξομεν ὧδε, ἵνα = ἐάν, der Vers ist aber für unecht erklärt. – Bei Sp. auch = so daß, τί μοι τοιοῦτο συνέγνως, ἵνα τοιαύταις με κολακεύσῃς ἡδοναῖς Plut. de Alex. fort. I, 12; Orph. Arg. 251. – Ἵνα τί, elliptisch, sc. γένηται, damit was geschehe? d. i. wozu? warum? absolut, Ar. Eccl. 719, oder mit einem Verbum, ἵνα τί δὲ τοῦτο δρᾶτον Pax 409; ἵνα τί τοῦτο λέγεις Plat. Apol. 26 c; Conv. 205 a; N. T.; eben so ἵνα δὴ τί, Ar. Nubb. 1192.