λοῖσθος: Difference between revisions

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ἀνάγκᾳ δ' οὐδὲ θεοὶ μάχονται → but not even gods fight necessity (Simonides, fr. 37.1.29)

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{{etym
{{etym
|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">the last</b> (Ψ 536).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λοίσθιος</b> (Pi., trag., Theoc., A. R.), (<b class="b3">τὸ</b>) <b class="b3">λοίσθιον</b> adv. <b class="b2">at last</b>. <b class="b3">λοισθήϊος</b> <b class="b2">regarding the last</b>, (<b class="b3">τὰ</b>) <b class="b3">λοισθήϊα</b> <b class="b2">the last price</b> (Ψ 785, 751; as <b class="b3">ἀριστήϊον</b>, <b class="b3">-ϊα</b>; cf. Risch 46); <b class="b3">λοίσθημα τέλος</b>, <b class="b3">πέρας</b> H. (on the nominal deriv. Chantraine Form. 178). Unclear <b class="b3">λοίσθωνας τοὺς ἀκρατεῖς περὶ τὰ ἀφροδίσια</b> H. and <b class="b3">λοισθώνη ἡ θρασεῖα</b> Suid. - Details in Seiler Steigerungsformen 121; on <b class="b3">λοῖσθος</b>: <b class="b3">-ιος</b> also Chantraine 37.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: No etymology. Al suggested explanations are unconvincing: from <b class="b3">*λοιhισ-θϜ-ος</b> "the weakest in the course" to <b class="b3">θέω</b> and Germ. <b class="b2">*laisiz</b> [[less]] in NEngl. [[less]] a. o. (Osthoff MU 6, 314ff.); from <b class="b3">*λοιhισ-τος</b> (WP. 2, 388; rejected by Schwyzer 537 n. 7); to Lith. <b class="b2">léidžiu</b>, <b class="b2">léisti</b> [[let]], Lat. [[lūdus]] [[game]] etc. (Danielsson Altital. Stud. 4, 171ff.; Person Beitr. 2, 711 n. 1 a. 962, Brugmann IF 18, 433ff.; in details diff.); from <b class="b3">*λοhισ-τος</b> to Goth. <b class="b2">las-iws</b> [[weak]], [[powerless]] etc. (Solmsen IF 13, 140ff.). Diff. again Scheftelowitz KZ 56, 179: from <b class="b2">*sloidh-to-</b> to OCS <b class="b2">po-slědьńь</b> <b class="b3">ἔσχατος</b>, utmost, last' (from <b class="b2">slědъ</b> [[trace]]), Lith. <b class="b2">slýsti</b>, <b class="b2">slýdau</b> [[glide]], <b class="b3">ὀλισθάνω</b> etc.; IE *(<b class="b2">s)leidh-</b>'slippery, glide' (WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 970f.).<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[beam]] (IG 22, 1673, 17; IVa), also as adjunct of <b class="b3">δόρυ</b>, <b class="b2">covering beam(?)</b> (E. Hel. 1597).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Ngr. <b class="b3">λοστός</b> <b class="b2">lever, (Hebe-eisen?)</b> seems to suppose an orig. <b class="b3">λοϊσθός</b>, s. Georgacas Glotta 36, 168. Further unclear; guess by Persson Beitr. 2, 962 (on p. 711 n. 1): to Latv. [[laides]] <b class="b2">Bretter am oberen Rand eines Kahnes</b> (after Mühlenbach-Endzelin as "Eingelassenes, Ausgebreitetes" from <b class="b2">laĩst</b> [[let]]).
|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">the last</b> (Ψ 536).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λοίσθιος</b> (Pi., trag., Theoc., A. R.), (<b class="b3">τὸ</b>) <b class="b3">λοίσθιον</b> adv. <b class="b2">at last</b>. <b class="b3">λοισθήϊος</b> <b class="b2">regarding the last</b>, (<b class="b3">τὰ</b>) <b class="b3">λοισθήϊα</b> <b class="b2">the last price</b> (Ψ 785, 751; as <b class="b3">ἀριστήϊον</b>, <b class="b3">-ϊα</b>; cf. Risch 46); <b class="b3">λοίσθημα τέλος</b>, <b class="b3">πέρας</b> H. (on the nominal deriv. Chantraine Form. 178). Unclear <b class="b3">λοίσθωνας τοὺς ἀκρατεῖς περὶ τὰ ἀφροδίσια</b> H. and <b class="b3">λοισθώνη ἡ θρασεῖα</b> Suid. - Details in Seiler Steigerungsformen 121; on <b class="b3">λοῖσθος</b>: <b class="b3">-ιος</b> also Chantraine 37.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: No etymology. Al suggested explanations are unconvincing: from <b class="b3">*λοιhισ-θϜ-ος</b> "the weakest in the course" to <b class="b3">θέω</b> and Germ. <b class="b2">*laisiz</b> [[less]] in NEngl. [[less]] a. o. (Osthoff MU 6, 314ff.); from <b class="b3">*λοιhισ-τος</b> (WP. 2, 388; rejected by Schwyzer 537 n. 7); to Lith. <b class="b2">léidžiu</b>, <b class="b2">léisti</b> [[let]], Lat. [[lūdus]] [[game]] etc. (Danielsson Altital. Stud. 4, 171ff.; Person Beitr. 2, 711 n. 1 a. 962, Brugmann IF 18, 433ff.; in details diff.); from <b class="b3">*λοhισ-τος</b> to Goth. <b class="b2">las-iws</b> [[weak]], [[powerless]] etc. (Solmsen IF 13, 140ff.). Diff. again Scheftelowitz KZ 56, 179: from <b class="b2">*sloidh-to-</b> to OCS <b class="b2">po-slědьńь</b> <b class="b3">ἔσχατος</b>, utmost, last' (from <b class="b2">slědъ</b> [[trace]]), Lith. <b class="b2">slýsti</b>, <b class="b2">slýdau</b> [[glide]], <b class="b3">ὀλισθάνω</b> etc.; IE *(<b class="b2">s)leidh-</b>'slippery, glide' (WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 970f.).<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[beam]] (IG 22, 1673, 17; IVa), also as adjunct of <b class="b3">δόρυ</b>, <b class="b2">covering beam(?)</b> (E. Hel. 1597).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Ngr. <b class="b3">λοστός</b> <b class="b2">lever, (Hebe-eisen?)</b> seems to suppose an orig. <b class="b3">λοϊσθός</b>, s. Georgacas Glotta 36, 168. Further unclear; guess by Persson Beitr. 2, 962 (on p. 711 n. 1): to Latv. [[laides]] <b class="b2">Bretter am oberen Rand eines Kahnes</b> (after Mühlenbach-Endzelin as "Eingelassenes, Ausgebreitetes" from <b class="b2">laĩst</b> [[let]]).
}}
{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=[[λοῖσθος]], ον = λοῖπος,]<br />[[left]] [[behind]], [[last]], Il., Eur.;Sup. λοισθότατος [[last]] of all, Hes.
}}
}}

Revision as of 13:40, 9 January 2019

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Full diacritics: λοῖσθος Medium diacritics: λοῖσθος Low diacritics: λοίσθος Capitals: ΛΟΙΣΘΟΣ
Transliteration A: loîsthos Transliteration B: loisthos Transliteration C: loisthos Beta Code: loi=sqos

English (LSJ)

(A), ον,

   A left behind, last, Il.23.536, Lyc.163, Euph.51.13, etc.; ὁ θάνατος λοῖσθος ἰατρὸς κακῶν S.Fr.698: Sup. -ότατος last of all, Hes.Th.921; -οτάτας χάριτας the last honours (to the dead), IG14.1721.
λοῖσθος (B), ὁ,

   A beam, λοῖσθοι ἓξ ὥστε μοχλοῖς χρῆσθαι IG22.1673.17 (iv B. C.); boom, gaff, or spar, E.Hel.1597.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

λοῖσθος: -ον, ἔσχατος, ὕστατος, Ἰλ. Ψ. 536· Ὑπερθ. λοισθότατος, ἔσχατος πάντων, Ἡσ. Θ. 921· λοισθοτάτας χάριτας, τὰς ὑστάτας τιμὰς (τοῦ νεκροῦ), Ἑλλ. Ἐπιγράμμ. 573· - ὡσαύτως παρὰ Τραγ., ὁ θάνατος λοίσθιος ἰατρὸς κακῶν Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 626, πρβλ. Εὐρ. Ἑλ. 1597. (Ἐκτεταμένον: λοίσθιος, λοισθήιος· - πρέπει νὰ εἶναι ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ῥίζης ἐξ ἧς καὶ τὸ λοιπός, ἴσως εἶδος ὑπερθ., λοίπιστος, λοῖσθος).

French (Bailly abrégé)

ος, ον :
extrême, càd dernier, qui vient après tous les autres.
Étymologie: DELG étym. ignorée.

English (Autenrieth)

(λοιπός): last, Il. 23.536†.

Greek Monolingual

(I)
λοῑσθος, -ον (Α)
έσχατος, ύστατος, λοίσθιοςθάνατος λοῑσθος ἰατρὸς κακῶν», Σοφ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Κατά την επικρατέστερη άποψη < λοιhισ-θFoς, σύνθ. λέξη της οποίας το α' συνθετικό συνδέεται ετυμολ. με το συγκριτικού βαθμού γερμ. lais-iz «λιγότερος» και με το αγγλ. less «λιγότερος», ενώ το β' συνθετικό με τα θέω «τρέχω», θοός «γρήγορος». Η αρχική σημ. θα ήταν επομένως «εκείνος που τρέχει λιγότερο γρήγορα».
ΠΑΡ. αρχ. λοισθήιος, λοίσθημα, λοίσθων, λοισθώνη].
(II)
λοῑσθος, ὁ (Α)
1. δοκός, δοκάρι
2. κεραία ή ιστός («οὐκ εἶ ὅ μέν τις λοῑσθον ἀρεῑται δόρυ», Ευρ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Άγνωστης ετυμολ. Δεν αποκλείεται να πρόκειται για το λοίσθος (I) με εξειδικευμένη σημ. «αυτό που χρησιμοποιείται τελευταίο» (για να ανυψώσει κανείς σώματα)].

Greek Monotonic

λοῖσθος: -ον, = λοῖπος, έσχατος, ύστατος, τελευταίος, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Ευρ.· υπερθ. λοισθότατος, έσχατος όλων, σε Ησίοδ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

λοῖσθος: последний, крайний (ἀνήρ Her.): λοῖσθον δόρυ Eur. наконечник копья; λ. ἰατρὸς κακῶν Soph. = θάνατος.

Frisk Etymological English

1.
Grammatical information: adj.
Meaning: the last (Ψ 536).
Derivatives: λοίσθιος (Pi., trag., Theoc., A. R.), (τὸ) λοίσθιον adv. at last. λοισθήϊος regarding the last, (τὰ) λοισθήϊα the last price (Ψ 785, 751; as ἀριστήϊον, -ϊα; cf. Risch 46); λοίσθημα τέλος, πέρας H. (on the nominal deriv. Chantraine Form. 178). Unclear λοίσθωνας τοὺς ἀκρατεῖς περὶ τὰ ἀφροδίσια H. and λοισθώνη ἡ θρασεῖα Suid. - Details in Seiler Steigerungsformen 121; on λοῖσθος: -ιος also Chantraine 37.
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: No etymology. Al suggested explanations are unconvincing: from *λοιhισ-θϜ-ος "the weakest in the course" to θέω and Germ. *laisiz less in NEngl. less a. o. (Osthoff MU 6, 314ff.); from *λοιhισ-τος (WP. 2, 388; rejected by Schwyzer 537 n. 7); to Lith. léidžiu, léisti let, Lat. lūdus game etc. (Danielsson Altital. Stud. 4, 171ff.; Person Beitr. 2, 711 n. 1 a. 962, Brugmann IF 18, 433ff.; in details diff.); from *λοhισ-τος to Goth. las-iws weak, powerless etc. (Solmsen IF 13, 140ff.). Diff. again Scheftelowitz KZ 56, 179: from *sloidh-to- to OCS po-slědьńь ἔσχατος, utmost, last' (from slědъ trace), Lith. slýsti, slýdau glide, ὀλισθάνω etc.; IE *(s)leidh-'slippery, glide' (WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 970f.).
2.
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: beam (IG 22, 1673, 17; IVa), also as adjunct of δόρυ, covering beam(?) (E. Hel. 1597).
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: Ngr. λοστός lever, (Hebe-eisen?) seems to suppose an orig. λοϊσθός, s. Georgacas Glotta 36, 168. Further unclear; guess by Persson Beitr. 2, 962 (on p. 711 n. 1): to Latv. laides Bretter am oberen Rand eines Kahnes (after Mühlenbach-Endzelin as "Eingelassenes, Ausgebreitetes" from laĩst let).

Middle Liddell

λοῖσθος, ον = λοῖπος,]
left behind, last, Il., Eur.;Sup. λοισθότατος last of all, Hes.