περ

English (LSJ)

(A), enclit. Particle, adding force to the word to which it is added, prob. a shortd. form of περί (q. v.) in the sense of

   A very much, however much.—Chiefly Ep. and Lyr.; also in Trag. with relats. and parts.:    1 in Hom. freq. with Adj. and part. ὤν, ἐπεί μ' ἔτεκές γε μινυνθάδιόν π. ἐόντα all shortlived as I am, Il.1.352 ; φίλην π. ἐοῦσαν ib.587 ; Ἰθάκης κραναῆς π. ἐούσης 3.201 : mostly concessive like καίπερ (q. v.), ἀγαθός π. ἐών however brave thou art, 1.131, al.; κρατερός π. ἐών 15.164; κύνεός π. ἐών 9.373; δουρικτητήν π. ἐοῦσαν ib.343; μέγαν π. ἐόντα 5.625: so in Trag., ἄελπτά π. ὄντα A.Supp.55(lyr.); γενναῖός π. ὤν S.Ph.1068 : with a Subst., ἀλόχῳ π. ἐούσῃ Il.1.546 ; γυνή π. οὖσα A.Th.1043 : with Adj. and Subst., λιγύς π. ἐὼν ἀγορητής Il.2.246 : with καί preceding, καὶ κρατερός π. ἐών 15.195, etc.: with the part. ὤν omitted, φράδμων π. ἀνήρ however shrewd, 16.638; κρατερός π. 21.63 ; χερείονά π. 17.539 ; καὶ θεός π. A.Ag.1203, cf. 1084 : with parts., ἱεμένων π. however eager, Il.17.292 ; καὶ ἀχνύμενός π. ἑταίρου grieved though he was for... 8.125.    2 intens., ἐλεεινότερός π. more pitiable by far, 24.504 ; μίνυνθά π. for a very little, 1.416, 13.573 ; ὀλίγον π. 11.391 ; πρῶτόν π. first of all, 14.295 ; ὑστάτιόν π. 8.353 ; ὀψέ π. Pi.N.3.80 : to strengthen a negation, οὐδὲ . . π. not even, not at all, οὐδ' ὑμῖν ποταμός π. ἐΰρροος ἀρκέσει Il.21.130, cf. 8.201, 11.841, 21.410, Od.1.59, 3.236 ; μή ποτε καὶ σὺ γυναικί π. ἤπιος εἶναι 11.441 ; ἢν μή π. Hdt.6.57.    3 to give emphasis, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοί π. πονεώμεθα Il.10.70; ἡμεῖς δ' αὐτοί π. φραζώμεθα 17.712; σθένος ἀνέρος ἀμφότεροί π. σχῶμεν 21.308 : esp. at any rate, τιμήν π. μοι ὄφελλεν ἐλλυαλίξαι honour (whatever else) he owed me, 1.353, cf. 2.236, 17.121,239 ; τόδε π. μοι ἐπικρήηνον ἐέλδωρ 8.242 : in imper. clauses with the pers. Pron., ἀλλὰ σύ π. μιν τῖσον at all events, 1.508 : in the apodosis of a conditional sentence, εἰ δέ τοι Ἀτρεΐδης μὲν ἀπήχθετο... σὺ δ' ἄλλους π. . . ἐλέαιρε 9.301, cf. 11.796, 12.349.    II after Conjs. and relat. words, with which it commonly coalesces:    1 after hypothetical Conjs., v. εἴπερ.    2 after temporal Conjs., ὅτε π. just when, Il.4.259, 5.802, etc.; ἦμος . . π. 11.86; ὅταν π. S.OC301, etc.; πρίν π. before even, Il.15.588.    3 after causal Conjs., v. ἐπείπερ, ἐπειδήπερ ; δι' ὅ τι π. just because, Hdt.4.186.    4 after relats., v. ὅσπερ, οἷός περ, ὅσοσπερ, ἔνθαπερ, ὅθιπερ, οὗπερ, ᾗπερ, ὥσπερ.    5 after the comp. particle, v. ἤπερ, ἠέπερ.    6 after καί, v. καίπερ.περ (B), Aeol. for περί.

English (Slater)

περ
   a emphatic particle. ὅθεν περ καὶ Ὁμηρίδαι ῥαπτῶν ἐπέων τὰ πόλλ' ἀοιδοὶ ἄρχονται (N. 2.1) παίδων δὲ παῖδες ἔχοιεν αἰεὶ γέρας τό περ νῦν καὶ ἄρειον ὄπιθεν (fort. τό περ = ὅπερ) (N. 7.101)
   b concessive particle. ἴυξεν δ' ἀφωνήτῳ περ ἔμπας ἄχει (P. 4.237) ἐγὼ τόδε τοι πέμπω μεμιγμένον μέλι λευκῷ σὺν γάλακτι, ὀψέ περ (N. 3.80) [περ ἄν (codd.: πέραν Hermann) (N. 7.75) ]
   c καί περ, v. καίπερ: ὅς περ, v. ὅσπερ.

English (Strong)

from the base of πέραν; an enclitic particle significant of abundance (thoroughness), i.e. emphasis; much, very or ever: (whom-)soever.

English (Thayer)

an enclitic particle, akin to the preposition περί (Herm. de part. ἄν, p. 6; Curtius, § 359; cf. Lob. Pathol. Elementa, i. 290; others (connect it directly with πέραν, etc., and) give 'throughly' as its fundamental meaning; cf. Bäumlein, Partikeln, p. 198), showing that the idea of the word to which it is annexed must be taken in its fullest extent; it corresponds to the Latin circiter, cunque, German noch so sehr, immerhin, wenigstens, ja; (English however much, very much, altogether, indeed); cf. Hermann ad Vig., p. 791; Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2, p. 722ff; (Donaldson, New Crat. § 178 at the end). In the N. T. it is affixed to the pronoun ὅς and to sundry particles, see διόπερ, ἐάνπερ, εἴπερ, ἐπείπερ, ἐπειδήπερ, ἤπερ, καθάπερ, καίπερ, ὅσπερ, ὥσπερ. (From Homer down.))