τοιγάρ: Difference between revisions
Τὸ νικᾶν αὐτὸν αὑτὸν πασῶν νικῶν πρώτη τε καὶ ἀρίστη. Τὸ δὲ ἡττᾶσθαι αὐτὸν ὑφ' ἑαυτοῦ πάντων αἴσχιστόν τε ἅμα καὶ κάκιστον. → Τo conquer yourself is the first and best victory of all, while to be conquered by yourself is of all the most shameful as well as evil
m (Text replacement - "strengthd." to "strengthened") |
m (Text replacement - "v. l." to "v.l.") |
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|Transliteration C=toigar | |Transliteration C=toigar | ||
|Beta Code=toiga/r | |Beta Code=toiga/r | ||
|Definition=an inferential Particle, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[therefore]], [[accordingly]], [[well then]], κέλεαί με . . μυθήσασθαι μῆνιν Ἀπόλλωνος . . · τοιγὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω <span class="bibl">Il.1.76</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.427</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.254</span>, <span class="bibl">8.402</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>309</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>1038</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>607</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 931</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">994</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>666</span>, etc.; rare in Com. (<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>516</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">901</span>,<span class="bibl">902</span>) and Prose (<span class="bibl">Hdt.8.114</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Cord.</span>10</span> (s. v. l.)); never in Att. Prose. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> strengthened by other Particles, τοιγαροῦν, Ion. τοιγαρῶν, [[for that very reason]], [[therefore]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.149</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>234e</span>, <span class="bibl">246b</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.9.9</span>, al., <span class="bibl">D.18.40</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1271b3</span>, etc.; also in Poets, as <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>490</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>1519</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>341</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1098</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> τοιγάρτοι, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.38</span>, <span class="bibl">And.1.108</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>82d</span>, etc.; rare in Poets, <span class="bibl">Emp. 145</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>654</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>643</span> (anap.):—Hom. always inserts a word between [[τοιγάρ]] and τοι, τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι <span class="bibl">Il.10.413</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.179</span>, <span class="bibl">214</span>, al.—These forms must begin the sentence, exc. in late Gr., where [[τοιγαροῦν]] may be postponed, as <span class="bibl">Cleom.1.8</span>, Wilcken <span class="title">Chr.</span>491.7 (ii A. D.), <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Libr.Ord.</span>2</span>, Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">356.3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>6222.12</span> (iii A. D.), <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Caes.</span>318d</span>. (It is doubtful whether <b class="b3">τοι-</b> contains the demonstr. stem <b class="b3">το-</b>.) </span> | |Definition=an inferential Particle, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[therefore]], [[accordingly]], [[well then]], κέλεαί με . . μυθήσασθαι μῆνιν Ἀπόλλωνος . . · τοιγὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω <span class="bibl">Il.1.76</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.427</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.254</span>, <span class="bibl">8.402</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>309</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>1038</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>607</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 931</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">994</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>666</span>, etc.; rare in Com. (<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>516</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">901</span>,<span class="bibl">902</span>) and Prose (<span class="bibl">Hdt.8.114</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Cord.</span>10</span> (s. [[varia lectio|v.l.]])); never in Att. Prose. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> strengthened by other Particles, τοιγαροῦν, Ion. τοιγαρῶν, [[for that very reason]], [[therefore]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.149</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>234e</span>, <span class="bibl">246b</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.9.9</span>, al., <span class="bibl">D.18.40</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1271b3</span>, etc.; also in Poets, as <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>490</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>1519</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>341</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1098</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> τοιγάρτοι, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.38</span>, <span class="bibl">And.1.108</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>82d</span>, etc.; rare in Poets, <span class="bibl">Emp. 145</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>654</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>643</span> (anap.):—Hom. always inserts a word between [[τοιγάρ]] and τοι, τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι <span class="bibl">Il.10.413</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.179</span>, <span class="bibl">214</span>, al.—These forms must begin the sentence, exc. in late Gr., where [[τοιγαροῦν]] may be postponed, as <span class="bibl">Cleom.1.8</span>, Wilcken <span class="title">Chr.</span>491.7 (ii A. D.), <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Libr.Ord.</span>2</span>, Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">356.3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>6222.12</span> (iii A. D.), <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Caes.</span>318d</span>. (It is doubtful whether <b class="b3">τοι-</b> contains the demonstr. stem <b class="b3">το-</b>.) </span> | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
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{{elru | {{elru | ||
|elrutext='''τοιγάρ:''' частица<br /><b class="num">1)</b> так вот, итак, ну: τ. [[ἐγώ]] τοι πάντ᾽ ἀγορεύσω Hom. ну (ладно), я расскажу тебе все;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> поэтому, потому-то: τ. δι᾽ ὀρθῆς τήνδε ἐναυκλήρεις (v. l. ναυκληρεῖς) πόλιν Soph. потому-то ты и управляешь успешно этим городом. | |elrutext='''τοιγάρ:''' частица<br /><b class="num">1)</b> так вот, итак, ну: τ. [[ἐγώ]] τοι πάντ᾽ ἀγορεύσω Hom. ну (ладно), я расскажу тебе все;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> поэтому, потому-то: τ. δι᾽ ὀρθῆς τήνδε ἐναυκλήρεις ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] ναυκληρεῖς) πόλιν Soph. потому-то ты и управляешь успешно этим городом. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
|mdlsjtxt== [τοί γε ἄρα]<br /><b class="num">1.</b> so then, [[wherefore]], [[therefore]], [[accordingly]], Hom., [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">2.</b> strengthened [[τοιγαροῦν]], ionic [[τοιγαρῶν]], so for [[example]], Xen.: also in Poets, Soph.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[τοιγάρτοι]], Plat. | |mdlsjtxt== [τοί γε ἄρα]<br /><b class="num">1.</b> so then, [[wherefore]], [[therefore]], [[accordingly]], Hom., [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">2.</b> strengthened [[τοιγαροῦν]], ionic [[τοιγαρῶν]], so for [[example]], Xen.: also in Poets, Soph.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[τοιγάρτοι]], Plat. | ||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 12:10, 9 January 2022
English (LSJ)
an inferential Particle, A therefore, accordingly, well then, κέλεαί με . . μυθήσασθαι μῆνιν Ἀπόλλωνος . . · τοιγὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω Il.1.76, cf. 10.427, Od.3.254, 8.402, A.Supp.309, Th.1038, Pers.607, S.Ant. 931 (anap.), 994, Aj.666, etc.; rare in Com. (Ar.Lys.516 (anap.), 901,902) and Prose (Hdt.8.114, Hp.Cord.10 (s. v.l.)); never in Att. Prose. II strengthened by other Particles, τοιγαροῦν, Ion. τοιγαρῶν, for that very reason, therefore, Hdt.4.149, Pl.Sph.234e, 246b, X.An.1.9.9, al., D.18.40, Arist.Pol.1271b3, etc.; also in Poets, as S.Aj.490, OT1519 (troch.), Ph.341, Ar.V.1098, etc. 2 τοιγάρτοι, Hdt.3.3, Th.6.38, And.1.108, Pl.Phd.82d, etc.; rare in Poets, Emp. 145, A.Supp.654 (lyr.), Ar.Ach.643 (anap.):—Hom. always inserts a word between τοιγάρ and τοι, τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι Il.10.413, Od.1.179, 214, al.—These forms must begin the sentence, exc. in late Gr., where τοιγαροῦν may be postponed, as Cleom.1.8, Wilcken Chr.491.7 (ii A. D.), Gal.Libr.Ord.2, Vett. Val.356.3, Sammelb.6222.12 (iii A. D.), Jul.Caes.318d. (It is doubtful whether τοι- contains the demonstr. stem το-.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 1124] Hom., Tragg., u. bes. in Prosa sehr häufige Verstärkung der enkl. Partikel τοί, dann also, deshalb also, demnach also, darum nun; τοιγὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω, Il. 1, 76, so werde ich denn also sprechen; vgl. 10, 427 Od. 8, 402. 16, 259. 23, 130; gew. zu Anfang einer Erzählung, Aesch. Spt. 1024 Pers. 599 u. öfter; Soph. τοιγὰρ ποιήσω, Trach. 1239, vgl. Ant. 922 Ai. 651; τοιγὰρ σὺ δέξαι με, El. 1165, u. öfter.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
τοιγάρ: τοί γε ἄρα, συμπερασματικὸν μόριον (πρβλ. τοίνυν), ὅθεν, δι’ ὅ, λοιπόν, ἑπομένως, διὰ ταῦτα, ἐν ἀρχῇ λόγου, τοιγὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω Ἰλ. Α. 76, Κ. 427, Ὀδ. Θ. 402, πρβλ. Γ. 254, κλπ. οὕτω καὶ Αἰσχύλ. ἐν Ἱκέτ. 309, Σοφ. Ἀντ. 931, 994, κλπ.· ἀλλ’ ἐν τῷ μέσῳ λόγου, Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 1033, Πέρσ. 607, Σοφ. Αἴ. 666· ― Παρὰ τοῖς πεζογράφοις ἔχομεν τοὺς ἐπιτεταμένους τύπους. 2) τοιγαροῦν, Ἰωνικ. τοιγαρῶν, Ἡρόδ. 4. 148, Πλάτ. Σοφ. 234Ε, 246Β, κλπ.· διὰ τοῦτο λοιπόν, τοιγαροῦν, ἐπεὶ Τισσαφέρνει ἐπολέμησε πᾶσαι αἱ πόλεις ἑκοῦσαι Κῦρον εἵλοντο ἀντὶ Τισσαφέρνους Ξεν. Ἀν. 1. 9, 9· ὡσαύτως παρὰ ποιηταῖς, οἷον Σοφ. Αἴ. 490, Ο. Τ. 1519, Φιλ. 341, κλπ. 3) τοιγάρτοι, Πλάτ. Φαίδων 82D, Γοργ. 471C, Πολ. 409Α, κλπ.· ὡσαύτως ἐν Αἰσχύλου Ἱκέτ. 655· ― ὁ Ὅμηρ. ἀείποτε παρεμβάλλει λέξιν μεταξὺ τοῦ τοιγὰρ καὶ τοῦ ἑπομένου τοι, τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι Ἰλ. Κ. 413, Ὀδ. Α. 179, 214, κλπ.· οὐ γάρ τοι Φ. 172· εἰ γάρ τοι Ρ. 513· ἦ γάρ τοι Π. 199. ― Οἱ τύποι οὗτοι ἀεὶ ἐν ἀρχῇ λόγου.
French (Bailly abrégé)
particule d’ord. au commenc. d’une phrase;
c’est pourquoi, aussi, eh ! bien donc.
Étymologie: τοί¹, γάρ.
Greek Monolingual
Α
(συμπερ. μόριο) λοιπόν, επομένως, γι' αυτό («κέλεαί με... μυθήσασθαι μῆνιν Ἀπόλλωνος.... τοιγὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω», Ομ. Ιλ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < μόριο τοί (Ι) + γάρ].
Greek Monotonic
τοιγάρ:
1. = τοί γε ἄρα, έτσι λοιπόν, επομένως, συνεπώς, σε Όμηρ., Αττ.
2. επιτετ. τύπος τοιγαροῦν, Ιων. τοιγαρῶν, γι' αυτό λοιπόν, σε Ξεν.· επίσης στους ποιητές, σε Σοφ.
3.τοιγάρτοι, σε Πλάτ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
τοιγάρ: частица
1) так вот, итак, ну: τ. ἐγώ τοι πάντ᾽ ἀγορεύσω Hom. ну (ладно), я расскажу тебе все;
2) поэтому, потому-то: τ. δι᾽ ὀρθῆς τήνδε ἐναυκλήρεις (v.l. ναυκληρεῖς) πόλιν Soph. потому-то ты и управляешь успешно этим городом.
Middle Liddell
= [τοί γε ἄρα]
1. so then, wherefore, therefore, accordingly, Hom., attic
2. strengthened τοιγαροῦν, ionic τοιγαρῶν, so for example, Xen.: also in Poets, Soph.
3. τοιγάρτοι, Plat.