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ἄορ: Difference between revisions

From LSJ

Τὸ νικᾶν αὐτὸν αὑτὸν πασῶν νικῶν πρώτη τε καὶ ἀρίστη. Τὸ δὲ ἡττᾶσθαι αὐτὸν ὑφ' ἑαυτοῦ πάντων αἴσχιστόν τε ἅμα καὶ κάκιστον. → Τo conquer yourself is the first and best victory of all, while to be conquered by yourself is of all the most shameful as well as evil

Plato, Laws, 626e
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|Transliteration C=aor
|Transliteration C=aor
|Beta Code=a)/or
|Beta Code=a)/or
|Definition=or [[ἆορ]], [[ἄορος]], [[τό]] (on the accent see Hdn.Gr.1.391): ([[ἀείρω]]):— properly,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[hanger]] or [[sword]] hung in a [[belt]] (cf. [[ἀορτήρ]]), Od.11.24; synon. with [[ξίφος]], 10.294, cf. 321.—The masc. acc. pl., οὐκ ἄορας οὐδὲ [[λέβητας]] 17.222 (cf. Hsch.), is prob. [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] for ἄορά γ'; Eust.1818.5 and the Scholl. ad loc. expl. [[ἄορας]] as = [[ὄαρας]], [[women]] given as [[prize]]s (cf. [[ἀόρων]]· γυναικῶν, Hsch.), or = [[τρίποδας]].<br><span class="bld">2</span> later, any [[weapon]], [[ἄορ]] [[τριγλώχιν]] the [[trident]], Call.Del.31; of the [[horn]] of the [[rhinoceros]], Opp. C.2.553. [Hom. has ᾰ in dissyll. forms, as also Hes.Sc.457, Call. Hec.1.1.1; in the trisyll. forms, ᾰ Od.17.222, al., ᾱ Il.10.484, al. In Hes.Sc.221, and later Poets, ᾱ even in [[ἄορ]], which must then be written [[ἆορ]]. Hes.Th.283 has [[ἄορ]] as monosyll., unless we read with Tricl. γένθ', ὁ δ' ἄορ χρύσειον…]
|Definition=or [[ἆορ]], [[ἄορος]], τό (on the accent see Hdn.Gr.1.391): ([[ἀείρω]]):—properly,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[hanger]] or [[sword]] hung in a [[belt]] (cf. [[ἀορτήρ]]), Od.11.24; synon. with [[ξίφος]], 10.294, cf. 321.—The masc. acc. pl., οὐκ ἄορας οὐδὲ [[λέβητας]] 17.222 (cf. [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]), is prob. [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] for ἄορά γ'; Eust.1818.5 and the Scholl. ad loc. expl. [[ἄορας]] as = [[ὄαρας]], [[women]] given as [[prize]]s (cf. [[ἀόρων]]· γυναικῶν, [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]), or = [[τρίποδας]].<br><span class="bld">2</span> later, any [[weapon]], [[ἄορ]] [[τριγλώχιν]] the [[trident]], Call.Del.31; of the [[horn]] of the [[rhinoceros]], Opp. C.2.553. [Hom. has ᾰ in dissyll. forms, as also Hes.Sc.457, Call. Hec.1.1.1; in the trisyll. forms, ᾰ Od.17.222, al., ᾱ Il.10.484, al. In Hes.Sc.221, and later Poets, ᾱ even in [[ἄορ]], which must then be written [[ἆορ]]. Hes.Th.283 has [[ἄορ]] as monosyll., unless we read with Tricl. γένθ', ὁ δ' ἄορ χρύσειον…]
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Revision as of 09:02, 25 August 2023

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ἄορ Medium diacritics: ἄορ Low diacritics: άορ Capitals: ΑΟΡ
Transliteration A: áor Transliteration B: aor Transliteration C: aor Beta Code: a)/or

English (LSJ)

or ἆορ, ἄορος, τό (on the accent see Hdn.Gr.1.391): (ἀείρω):—properly,
A hanger or sword hung in a belt (cf. ἀορτήρ), Od.11.24; synon. with ξίφος, 10.294, cf. 321.—The masc. acc. pl., οὐκ ἄορας οὐδὲ λέβητας 17.222 (cf. Hsch.), is prob. f.l. for ἄορά γ'; Eust.1818.5 and the Scholl. ad loc. expl. ἄορας as = ὄαρας, women given as prizes (cf. ἀόρων· γυναικῶν, Hsch.), or = τρίποδας.
2 later, any weapon, ἄορ τριγλώχιν the trident, Call.Del.31; of the horn of the rhinoceros, Opp. C.2.553. [Hom. has ᾰ in dissyll. forms, as also Hes.Sc.457, Call. Hec.1.1.1; in the trisyll. forms, ᾰ Od.17.222, al., ᾱ Il.10.484, al. In Hes.Sc.221, and later Poets, ᾱ even in ἄορ, which must then be written ἆορ. Hes.Th.283 has ἄορ as monosyll., unless we read with Tricl. γένθ', ὁ δ' ἄορ χρύσειον…]

Spanish (DGE)

ἄορος, τό
• Alolema(s): tb. ἆορ Hes.Sc.221
• Prosodia: [para el acento v. Hdn.Gr.1.391; ᾰ en formas disílabas Il.14.385, 16.473, 21.173, Od.8.403, 10.333, 19.241, Hes.Th.283, Sc.457, Call.Fr.260; ᾱ en Hes.Sc.221 y en poetas tardíos; en formas trisílabas ᾰ Il.11.240, 16.115; ᾱ en Il.1.264, 10.484, Od.17.222]
• Morfología: [ac. plu. masc. ἄορας Od.17.222]
1 espada, ἄορ ὀξύ Od.10.321, 11.24, ἄ. φονίον E.El.476, Nonn.D.48.45, cf. Theoc.22.191
αἰτίζων ... οὐκ ἄορας Od.17.222, forma erróneamente interpretada como mujeres o trípodes por Eust.1818.5, cf. Hsch.s.u. ἄορες.
2 fig. de cualquier arma ἄορ τριγλώχις tridente Call.Del.31
del cuerno del rinoceronte, Opp.C.2.553.
• Etimología: Cf. ἀείρω.
sin pájaros, ἄορ· πέτρα ἐν τῇ Ἰνδικῇ ἐν ᾗ οὐ κάθηται ὄρνις διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὴν ὑπερύψηλον Zonar.115.18-19C., cf. Ἄορνις, Ἄορνος.

French (Bailly abrégé)

c. ἆορ.

German (Pape)

ἄορος, τό, auch ἆορ [bei Hom. ist in den zweisilbigen Casus α kurz, in den dreisilbigen in der Arsis lang, ἄορι τύψας Il. 20.462, in der Thesis kurz, ἄορι πλήξειε 10.489; Hes. Sc. 221 ἆορ ἔκειτο, und so Sp.; Hes. Th. 283 eine lange Silbe],
das Schwert, das am Wehrgehenk getragen wird (also von ἀείρω), gleichbedeutend mit ξίφος, vgl. Od. 8.403 mit 406 und 10.294 mit 321; es war breit und stark, denn Odysseus braucht es zum Graben einer Grube Od. 11.24. Bei Callim. Del. 31 heißt der Dreizack ἄορ τριγλώχιν; Opp. Hal. 553 das Horn des Rhinoceros. – Od. 17.222 αἰτίζων ἀκόλους, οὐκ ἄορας οὐδὲ λέβητας erkl. es einige für Weiber (= ὄαρας), andere für Dreifüße, es steht aber wohl für ἄορα s. Scholl.; Hesych. erkl. ἄορας ξίφη.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἄορ: или ἆορ, ἄορος τό меч Hom., Hes.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἄορ: ἢ ἆορ, ἄορος, τό, πρβλ. Λοβ. Παράλλ. 204 (ἀείρω): ― κυρίως, ξίφος κρεμάμενον ἀπὸ ζώνης ἢ τελαμῶνος (πρβλ. ἀορτήρ), ξίφος συχν. Παρ’ Ὁμήρ., πρέπει δὲ νὰ ἦτο πλατὺ καὶ παχύ, ἐπειδὴ ὁ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἔσκαψε βόθρον δι’ αὐτοῦ, ἐγὼ δ’ ἄορ ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος παρὰ μηροῦ βόθρον ὄρυξ’ Ὀδ. Λ. 24· ἀλλ’ ἐν Ὀδ. Κ. 294, παραβαλλόμ. πρὸς 321, εἶναι συνώνυμον τῷ ξίφει. Ἐν. Ρ. 222 ἔχομεν ἀρσενικὴν αἰτ. πληθ., οὐκ ἄορας, οὐδε λέβητας, εἰς ὃ ἀναφερόμενος ὁ Ἡσύχ. λέγει «ἄορας, ξίφη, ἀρσενικῶς»· ἀλλ’ ὁ Εὐστ. καὶ οἱ Σχολ. ἐν τόπῳ ἀναφέρουσιν ὅτι πολλοὶ ἐκλαμβάνουσι τὸ ἐν λόγῳ ἄορας ὡς = ὄαρας, γυναῖκας διδομένας ὡς βραβεῖα, ἢ = τρίποδας, καθ’ Ἡσύχ. «ἄορες· γυναῖκες λέγονται καὶ τρίποδες». 2) μεταγεν., πᾶν ὅπλον, ἄορι τριγλώχινι τριαίνῃ Καλλ. εἰς Δῆλ. 31· περὶ τοῦ κέρατος τοῦ ῥινοκέρωτος, κέρας αἰνὸν ἀκαχμένον, ἄγριον ἄορ Ὀππ. Κ. 2. 553. ― Πρβλ. ὡσαύτως τὰς λέξ. ὅπλον, χρυσάωρ. [Ὁ Ὅμ. ἔχει ᾰ ἐν δισυλλάβοις πτώσεσιν, ὡς καὶ ὁ Ἡσ. ἐν Ἀσπ. 457: ἐν δὲ τρισυλλάβοις πτώσεσιν ᾱ ἐν ἄρσει, ᾰ ἐν θέσει, π.χ. ἄορι θεινομένων Ἰλ. Κ. 484· ὃν τινα Τυδεΐδης ἄορι πλήξειε παραστὰς αὐτόθ. 489. Ἐν Ἡσ. Ἀσπ. 221 καὶ μεταγεν. ποιηταῖς ᾱ ἐν ἄρσει, ἔτι καὶ ἐν τῷ ἄορ παροξυτόνῳ ὅπερ τότε πρέπει νὰ γραφῇ ἆορ. Ἐν Ἡσ. Θ. 283 ὑπάρχει ἄορ ὡς μονοσύλ., ἐκτὸς ἂν ἀναγνώσωμεν μετὰ τοῦ Göttl. Γένθ’, ὁ δ’ ἄορ χρύσειον].

English (Autenrieth)

(ἀείρω), neut., but acc. pl. ἄορας, Od. 17.222: sword, ‘hanger,’ suspended by the ἀορτήρ, the same as ξίφος, Od. 8.403,, Od. 10.294, 321. (See cut.)

Greek Monotonic

ἄορ: ἄορος, τό (ἀείρω), ξίφος που κρέμεται από ειδική ζώνη (πρβλ. ἀορτήρ), ξίφος εν γένει, σε Όμηρ.· ο Όμηρ. χρησιμ. επίσης αιτ. πληθ. ἄορας. ( στον τύπο ἄορ· αλλά στις τρισύλλαβες πτώσεις επίσης ).

Frisk Etymological English

-ορος
Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: sword (Il.)
Other forms: For ἄορας acc. pl. ρ 222 read ἄορα γ'. S. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 60ff.
Dialectal forms: Note the tribe of the Ἀορεῖς in Corinth and the ἈϜοροί on Corcyra.
Compounds: (gen.) χρυσάορος, χρυσάορ -α, (Il.), epithet of gods and godesses, also of Orpheus, with golden sword, but others take it as with golden (hanging) ornament (below); also PN Χρυσάωρ (Hes.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [771] *n̥s- sword
Etymology: ἄορ was taken as noun of ἀείρω with orig. meaning what hangs, what would fit χρυσάορος well. With o-grade or Aeolic zero grade. Ruijgh, Lingua 25 (1970) 312f., rejects this, and assumes *n̥s-r̥, connected with Lat. ensis and Skt. asi- (both with *n̥s-), though the Skt. word means butchers knife. One points also to Pal. hasira- dagger', but *h₂ns- would give Gr. *αν-.

Middle Liddell

ἀείρω [ᾰ in ἄορ; but in trisyll. cases also ᾱ.]
a hanger, sword, Hom.: he also uses a masc. acc. pl., ἄορας.

Frisk Etymology German

ἄορ: -ορος
{áor}
Forms: ἄορας Akk. pl. ρ 222 (wahrscheinlich für ἄορα aus Hiatusscheu eingeführt, s. Sommer Nominalkomp. 137 m. Lit., Leumann Hom. Wörter 283 A. 37)
Grammar: n.,
Meaning: Schwert (poet. seit Il.) zum Gebrauch s. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 60ff.; in späterer Poesie (Kall., Opp.) auch auf andere Waffen bezogen.
Composita: Kompositum χρυσάορος, χρυσάορ -α, -ι ep. poet.
Derivative: Keine Ableitungen.
Etymology: Beiwort verschiedener Götter und Göttinnen, auch des Orpheus, mit goldenem Schwert, nach anderen mit goldenem Tragband, Gehänge (vgl. unten), auch EN Χρυσάωρ (Hes. u. a.). ἄορ wird gewöhnlich als Wurzelnomen von ἀείρω mit der ursprünglichen Bedeutung von Gehänge gedeutet (Prellwitz, Solmsen Unt. 292), was für χρυσάορος an einigen Stellen unzweifelhaft gut paßt. Der o-Vokalismus ist entweder ursprünglich oder äolische Schwundstufe; letzteres ist mit Rücksicht auf das neutrale Genus vorzuziehen. Vgl. 2. ἀείρω.
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