ἱδρώς: Difference between revisions

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ἐὰν δ' ἔχωμεν χρήμαθ', ἕξομεν φίλους → if we have money, then we will have friends | if we have money, we shall have friends

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{{elru
|elrutext='''ἱδρώς:''' ῶτος ὁ (dat. ἱδρῶτι - эп. [[ἱδρῷ]], acc. ἱδρῶτα - эп. [[ἱδρῶ]])<br /><b class="num">1)</b> тж. pl. пот (ὁ ἱ. καὶ ἡ [[ἴδισις]] καταψύχει τὰ σώματα Arst.): κατὰ ἱ. ἔρρεεν (in tmesi) ἐκ μελέων Hom. пот стекал с членов (Сисифа); ἱ. ἀνῄει χρωτί Soph. пот выступал на коже (Геракла); ἱδρῶτες ξηροί Plat. сухой пот (от физических упражнений); σὺν ἱδρῶτι Arst. в поту;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> заработанное в поте лица, плоды тяжелого труда: οὐ τὸν ἐμὸν ἱδρῶτα [[οὕτως]] [[ἀνοήτως]] ἐκβαλῶ Arph. плодов своего труда я не выброшу столь безрассудно;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> тяжелый труд; подвиг: τῆς ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ [[προπάροιθεν]] ἔθηκαν Hes. впереди добродетели боги поместили труды, т. е. только через тяжелый труд достигается добродетель;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> сок, камедь (σμύρνης Eur.);<br /><b class="num">5)</b> выпот, жидкое выделение (τὸ [[δάκρυον]] ἱ. τίς ἐστιν Arst.).
|elrutext='''ἱδρώς:''' ῶτος ὁ (dat. ἱδρῶτι - эп. [[ἱδρῷ]], acc. ἱδρῶτα - эп. [[ἱδρῶ]])<br /><b class="num">1)</b> тж. pl. пот (ὁ ἱ. καὶ ἡ [[ἴδισις]] καταψύχει τὰ σώματα Arst.): κατὰ ἱ. ἔρρεεν (in tmesi) ἐκ μελέων Hom. пот стекал с членов (Сисифа); ἱ. ἀνῄει χρωτί Soph. пот выступал на коже (Геракла); ἱδρῶτες ξηροί Plat. сухой пот (от физических упражнений); σὺν ἱδρῶτι Arst. в поту;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> заработанное в поте лица, плоды тяжелого труда: οὐ τὸν ἐμὸν ἱδρῶτα [[οὕτως]] [[ἀνοήτως]] ἐκβαλῶ Arph. плодов своего труда я не выброшу столь безрассудно;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> тяжелый труд; подвиг: τῆς ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ [[προπάροιθεν]] ἔθηκαν Hes. впереди добродетели боги поместили труды, т. е. только через тяжелый труд достигается добродетель;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> сок, камедь (σμύρνης Eur.);<br /><b class="num">5)</b> выпот, жидкое выделение (τὸ [[δάκρυον]] ἱ. τίς ἐστιν Arst.).
}}
{{etym
|etymtx=-ῶτος<br />Grammatical information: m., (f.)<br />Meaning: [[sweat]], also metaph. of other wetness (Il.).<br />Other forms: ep. dat. -ῳ̃, acc. <b class="b3">-ῶ</b> (cf. below)<br />Compounds: Rarely in compp., e. g. <b class="b3">ἱδρωτο-ποιέω</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">δυσ-ίδρως</b> <b class="b2">with bad sweat, difficulty of getting sweat</b> (Thphr.), also with transition in the <b class="b2">o-</b>declination, e. g. <b class="b3">κάθ-ιδρος</b> <b class="b2">covered with sweat</b> (LXX).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">ἱδρώτιον</b> (Hp.); <b class="b3">ἱδρώεις</b> [[sweaty]] (B.), <b class="b3">ἱδρώδης</b> <b class="b2">acconpanied with sweating</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">ἱδρωτικός</b> [[sudorific]] (Hp., Thphr.); <b class="b3">ἱδρῶα</b> (?) pl. <b class="b2">heat-spots, pustules</b> (Hp. Aph. 3, 21; reading uncertain) with <b class="b3">ἱδρω-τάρια</b>, <b class="b3">-τίδες</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (medic.; cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 102); <b class="b3">ἱδρώιον</b> <b class="b2">sweat-towel</b> (pap.); <b class="b3">ἱδροσύναι</b> pl. <b class="b2">efforts that produce sweat</b> (poet. inscr. Phrygia, Rom. empire). Denominative verbs: <b class="b3">ἱδρώω</b> [[sweat]] (Il.) with <b class="b3">ἵδρωσις</b> [[sweating]] (late) and <b class="b3">ἱδρωτήρια</b> pl. [[sudorifics]] (Paul. Aeg.); <b class="b3">ἱδρώττω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Gal.; s. Schwyzer 732).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1043] <b class="b2">*sueid-</b> [[sweat]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ἱδρώς</b> agrees Arm. [[k]][[irtn]] [[sweat]], which is based on an <b class="b2">r-</b>stem <b class="b2">*su̯id-r-</b>, which is also found in Latv. [[swiêdri]] pl., Alb. <b class="b2">dirsë</b> [[sweat]]. This <b class="b2">r-</b>stem was in Greek combined with an <b class="b2">ōs-</b>stem, which is seen in Lat. [[sūdor]], if from <b class="b2">*su̯oidōs</b>. Like <b class="b3">γέλως</b>, <b class="b3">ἔρως</b> a. o. <b class="b3">ἱδρώς</b> was later tansformed to a <b class="b3">τ-</b>stem (Schwyzer 514). The <b class="b2">s-</b>stem is still seen in ep. acc. <b class="b3">ἱδρῶ</b> (to be read as <b class="b3">-όα</b>? Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 54), perh. also in dat. <b class="b3">ἱδρῳ̃</b>, if for <b class="b3">-οῖ</b> (doubtful; s. Chantraine 1, 211), and in several derivv.: <b class="b3">ἱδρώ-ω</b>, <b class="b3">ἱδρώεις</b> (s. Schwyzer 527; on this form, < <b class="b2">*-os-uent</b>, Ruijgh, Lingua 28 (1971) 173), <b class="b3">ἱδρώιον</b>. - On the absence of the digamma in Hom. cf. on <b class="b3">ἐμέω</b> (other explanations are not better, Chantraine 1, 156). Cf. <b class="b3">ἰδίω</b>.
}}
}}

Revision as of 01:25, 3 January 2019

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ἱδρώς Medium diacritics: ἱδρώς Low diacritics: ιδρώς Capitals: ΙΔΡΩΣ
Transliteration A: hidrṓs Transliteration B: hidrōs Transliteration C: idros Beta Code: i(drw/s

English (LSJ)

(v. fin.), ῶτος, ὁ, and Aeol. ἡ, Sapph.2.13; dat. ἱδρῶτι, acc. ἱδρῶτα; Hom. has dat. ἱδρῷ (not ἱδρῶ as Choerob. in Theod.1.248) Il.17.385,745; acc.

   A ἱδρῶ 11.621,22.2, cf. A.R.2.87, 4.656: (ἶδος):— sweat, Hom.(v. infr.), etc.; μετὰ ἱδρῶτος Pl.R.350d; κατὰ δ' ἱ. ἔρρεεν ἐκ μελέων Od.11.599; ἱ. ἀνῄει χρωτί S.Tr.767; στάζειν ἱδρῶτι (v. στάζω) ; ῥέεσθαι ἱδρῶτι Plu.Cor.3; of sweat as the sign of toil, τῆς ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ προπάροιθεν ἔθηκαν Hes.Op.289; ἱδρῶτα παρέχειν X.Cyr.2.1.29: pl., Hp.Aph.4.36, Arist.Pr.867a13, etc.; ἱδρῶτες ξηροί, opp. the effect of baths, Pl.Phdr.239c.    2 exudation of trees, gum, resin, σμύρνης E.Ion 1175; δρυός Ion Trag.40; Βρομιάδος ἱδρῶτα πηγῆς, of wine, Antiph.52.12.    II metaph., anything earned by the sweat of one's brow, οὐ γὰρ τὸν ἐμὸν ἱδρῶτα . . ἐκβαλῶ Ar.Ec.750, cf. Chor.p.270 B. (pl.). [ῑ in Ep. and Lyr.: ῐ in E.l.c.] (Cf. ἰδίω.)

German (Pape)

[Seite 1239] ῶτος, ὁ, nach Schol. Il. 22, 2 bei Aeolern auch ἡ, vgl. Cram. An. Ox. 1 p. 208; dat. auch ἱδρῷ, Il. 17, 385, acc. ἱδρῶ, 11, 621. 22, 2; der Schweiß, Il. oft; κατὰ δ' ἱδρὼς ἔῤῥεεν ἐκ μελέων Od. 11, 599; ἱδρὼς ἀνῄει χρωτί Soph. Tr. 764; κάρα στάζων ἱδρῶτι Ai. 10; ἱδρῶτα σώματος στάζων ἄπο Eur. Bacch. 620; μετὰ ἱδρῶτος θαυμαστοῦ ὅσου Plat. Rep. I, 350 d, öfter, auch im plur., Phaedr. 239 c; Sp., ῥεομένοις ἱδρῶτι τοῖς ἵπποις Plut. Coriol. 3; vgl. Luc. Catapl. 3. Auch bei Pflanzen, die ausschwitzende Feuchtigkeit, Harz, Gummi, ἐξεθυμία σμύρνης ἱδρῶτα Eur. Ion 1173; im Räthsel nennt Antiphan. bei Ath. X, 449 c den Wein βρομιάδος ἱδρῶτα πηγῆς; Ion ib. 451 d ἰξός, δρυὸς ἱδρώς. – Anstrengung, Hom. u. A., z. B. ἱδρῶτα παρέχειν τινί Xen. Cyr. 2, 1, 29; μετὰ ἱδρῶτος, Ggstz ῥᾳδίως, Plat. Rep. II, 350 d. Auch das mit Schweiß u. Anstrengung Erworbene, wie unser "saurer Schweiß", Ar. Eccl. 750.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἱδρώς: ἴδε ἐν τέλει, ῶτος, ὁ, καὶ Αἰολ. ἡ, Bgk. εἰς Σαπφὼ 13· δοτ. ἱδρῶτι, αἰτ. ἱδρῶτα, ἀλλ’ ὁ Ὅμ. ἔχει τοὺς συγκεκομμένους τύπους, δοτ. ἱδρῷ (πρβλ. γέλως, ἔρως), Ἰλ. Ρ. 385, 745· αἰτ. ἱδρῶ, Λ. 621, Χ. 2: (ἶδος)· ― ἱδρώς, κοιν. «ἵδρως» ἢ «ἵδρωτας», Ὅμ. (ἰδίως ἐν Ἰλ.), καὶ Ἀττ.· κατὰ δ’ ἱδρὼς ἔρρεεν ἐκ μελέων Ὀδ. Λ. 599· ἱδρὼς ἀνῄει χρωτὶ Σοφ. Τρ. 767· στάζειν ἱδρῶτι (ἴδε ἐν λέξ. στάζω)· ῥέεσθαι ἱδρῶτι Πλουτ. Κορ. 3: ― ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱδρῶτος ὡς σημείου κοπώσεως, μόχθου, τῆς ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ προπάροιθεν ἔθηκαν Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 287· ἱδρῶτα παρέχειν Ξεν. Κύρ. 2. 1, 29· ― ἐν τῷ πληθ., Ἱππ. Ἀφ. 1250, Ἀριστ., κτλ.· ἱδρῶτες ξηροί, οἱ μὴ ἐκ θερμῶν λουτρῶν προερχόμενοι, ἀλλ’ ἐκ τῆς σωματικῆς ἀσκήσεως, Πλάτ. Φαῖδρ. 329C· 2) ἡ ἐξίδρωσις δένδρων, ὁ ἐξερχόμενος χυμός, κόμμι, ῥητίνη, σμύρνης ἱδρῶτα Εὐρ. Ἴων 1175· δρυὸς Ἴων παρ’ Ἀθην. 451D· Βρομιάδος ἱδρῶτα πηγῆς, περὶ τοῦ οἴνου, Ἀντιφάνης ἐν Ἀφροδίτης γοναῖς» 1. 12. ΙΙ. μεταφ., πᾶν ὅ,τι κερδαίνει τις διὰ τοῦ ἱδρῶτος τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ, Ἀριστοφ. Ἐκκλ. 750 (ἴδε ἐν λ. ἶδος)· ῑ παρ’ Ὁμ.· ῐ παρ’ Ἀττ., Εὐρ. ἔνθ’ ἀνωτ., ἴδε Meineke ἐν Κωμ. Ἀποσπ 3. 251, ἂν καὶ μακρὸν ἐν ταῖς λ. ἶδος, ἰδίω.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ῶτος (ὁ) :
sueur.
Étymologie: R. ΣϜιδ, suer ; cf. lat. sudare.

English (Autenrieth)

dat. -ῷ, acc. -ῶ (σϝιδρ.): sweat.

Spanish

sudor

English (Strong)

a strengthened form of a primary idos (sweat); perspiration: sweat.

English (Thayer)

ἱδρῶτος, ὁ (allied with Latin sudor, English sweat; Curtius, § 283; from Homer down), sweat: L brackets WH reject the passage; (Tr accents ἱδρώς, yet cf. Chandler § 667)).

Greek Monolingual

ἱδρώς, ό (ΑΜ)
βλ. ιδρώτας.

Greek Monotonic

ἱδρώς: [ῐ], -ῶτος, ὁ, δοτ. ἱδρῶτι, αιτ. ἱδρῶτα, Επικ. συγκεκ. τύποι: δοτ. ἱδρῷ, αιτ. ἱδρῶ (ἶδος
1. ιδρώτας, Λατ. sudor, σε Όμηρ., Αττ.
2. εξερχόμενος, εξαγόμενος χυμός από δέντρα, κόμμι, ρετσίνι· ἱδρῶτα σμύρνης, σε Ευρ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἱδρώς: ῶτος ὁ (dat. ἱδρῶτι - эп. ἱδρῷ, acc. ἱδρῶτα - эп. ἱδρῶ)
1) тж. pl. пот (ὁ ἱ. καὶ ἡ ἴδισις καταψύχει τὰ σώματα Arst.): κατὰ ἱ. ἔρρεεν (in tmesi) ἐκ μελέων Hom. пот стекал с членов (Сисифа); ἱ. ἀνῄει χρωτί Soph. пот выступал на коже (Геракла); ἱδρῶτες ξηροί Plat. сухой пот (от физических упражнений); σὺν ἱδρῶτι Arst. в поту;
2) заработанное в поте лица, плоды тяжелого труда: οὐ τὸν ἐμὸν ἱδρῶτα οὕτως ἀνοήτως ἐκβαλῶ Arph. плодов своего труда я не выброшу столь безрассудно;
3) тяжелый труд; подвиг: τῆς ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ προπάροιθεν ἔθηκαν Hes. впереди добродетели боги поместили труды, т. е. только через тяжелый труд достигается добродетель;
4) сок, камедь (σμύρνης Eur.);
5) выпот, жидкое выделение (τὸ δάκρυον ἱ. τίς ἐστιν Arst.).

Frisk Etymological English

-ῶτος
Grammatical information: m., (f.)
Meaning: sweat, also metaph. of other wetness (Il.).
Other forms: ep. dat. -ῳ̃, acc. -ῶ (cf. below)
Compounds: Rarely in compp., e. g. ἱδρωτο-ποιέω (Arist.), δυσ-ίδρως with bad sweat, difficulty of getting sweat (Thphr.), also with transition in the o-declination, e. g. κάθ-ιδρος covered with sweat (LXX).
Derivatives: Dimin. ἱδρώτιον (Hp.); ἱδρώεις sweaty (B.), ἱδρώδης acconpanied with sweating (Hp.), ἱδρωτικός sudorific (Hp., Thphr.); ἱδρῶα (?) pl. heat-spots, pustules (Hp. Aph. 3, 21; reading uncertain) with ἱδρω-τάρια, -τίδες id. (medic.; cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 102); ἱδρώιον sweat-towel (pap.); ἱδροσύναι pl. efforts that produce sweat (poet. inscr. Phrygia, Rom. empire). Denominative verbs: ἱδρώω sweat (Il.) with ἵδρωσις sweating (late) and ἱδρωτήρια pl. sudorifics (Paul. Aeg.); ἱδρώττω id. (Gal.; s. Schwyzer 732).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1043] *sueid- sweat
Etymology: With ἱδρώς agrees Arm. kirtn sweat, which is based on an r-stem *su̯id-r-, which is also found in Latv. swiêdri pl., Alb. dirsë sweat. This r-stem was in Greek combined with an ōs-stem, which is seen in Lat. sūdor, if from *su̯oidōs. Like γέλως, ἔρως a. o. ἱδρώς was later tansformed to a τ-stem (Schwyzer 514). The s-stem is still seen in ep. acc. ἱδρῶ (to be read as -όα? Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 54), perh. also in dat. ἱδρῳ̃, if for -οῖ (doubtful; s. Chantraine 1, 211), and in several derivv.: ἱδρώ-ω, ἱδρώεις (s. Schwyzer 527; on this form, < *-os-uent, Ruijgh, Lingua 28 (1971) 173), ἱδρώιον. - On the absence of the digamma in Hom. cf. on ἐμέω (other explanations are not better, Chantraine 1, 156). Cf. ἰδίω.