ingenuus

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

ingĕnŭus: a, um, adj. ingeno, ingigno.
I Native, indigenous, not foreign.
   A Lit.: fontes, Lucr. 1, 230: tophus, produced in the country, Juv. 3, 20.—
   B Transf., inborn, innate, natural: inest in hoc amussitata sua sibi ingenua indoles, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 38: color, natural color, Prop. 1, 4, 13. —
II Free-born, born of free parents.
   A In gen.: ingenuus homo meant formerly one born of a certain or known father, who can cite his father: en unquam fando audistis patricios primo esse factos, non de caelo demissos, sed qui patrem ciere possent, id est nihil ultra quam ingenuos, Liv. 10, 8, 10: ingenui clarique parentes, Hor. S. 1, 6, 91; 1, 6, 8.—Esp., subst.: ingĕnŭus, i, m., and ingĕnŭa, ae, f., a free-born man or woman: ingenui sunt qui liberi nati sunt; libertini, qui ex justa servitute manumissi sunt, Gai. Inst. 1, 11: tutela liberantur ingenuae, etc., id. ib. 1, 194; but this word differs from liber, inasmuch as the latter signifies also a freedman, Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 15: ingenuamne an libertinam, id. ib. 3, 1, 189: omnis ingenuorum adest multitudo, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15: Patricios Cincius ait appellari solitos, qui nunc ingenui vocentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 241 Müll.: libertinos ab ingenuis adoptari posse, Masur. ap. Gell. 5, 19, 11.—
   B In partic.
   1    Worthy of a freeman, noble, upright, frank, candid, ingenuous (syn. liberalis): nihil apparet in eo ingenuum, Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 28; id. Off. 1, 42: timiditas, id. de Or. 2, 3: dolor, id. Phil. 10, 9, 18: vita, id. Fam. 5, 21, 3: est animi ingenui (with inf.), id. ib. 2, 6, 2: ingenuis studiis atque artibus delectari, id. Fin. 5, 18, 48: (with humanae) artes, id. de Or. 3, 6, 21: ingenui vultus puer ingenuique pudoris, Juv. 11, 154: amor, Hor. C. 1, 27, 16: per gemitus nostros ingenuasque cruces, and by such sufferings on the part of a freeman as belong only to slaves, Mart. 10, 82, 6: fastidium, Cic. Brut. 67: aperte odisse magis ingenui est, quam, etc., id. Lael. 18, 65: astuta ingenuum vulpes imitata leonem, Hor. S. 2, 3, 186.—
   2    Weakly, delicate, tender (free-born persons being less inured to hardships than slaves; poet.): invalidae vires, ingenuaeque mihi, Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 72: gula, Mart. 10, 82, 6.—Hence, adv.: ingĕnŭē, in a manner befitting a person of free or noble birth, liberally; openly, frankly, ingenuously: educatus, Cic. Fin. 3, 11, 38: aperte atque ingenue confiteri, id. Fam. 5, 2, 2; id. Att. 13, 27, 1: pro suis dicere, Quint. 12, 3, 3.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

(1) ingĕnŭus,⁹ a, um (in et geno),
1 né dans le pays, indigène : Lucr. 1, 230 ; Juv. 3, 20 || inné, naturel, apporté au monde en naissant : Pl. Mil. 632 ; Prop. 1, 4, 13
2 né libre [de parents libres], bien né, de bonne famille : est hominis ingenui et liberaliter educati velle... Cic. Fin. 3, 57, c’est le fait d’un homme bien né et d’éducation libérale que de vouloir..., cf. 4, 23 ; Br. 261 ; Fl. 84 ; Phil. 3, 31 ; Hor. S. 1, 6, 91 ; Liv. 10, 8, 10 || subst. m., homme libre : Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58 ; Pis. 67 ; Cat. 4, 15 ; Gaius Inst. 1, 11 || subst. f., femme libre : Pl. Mil. 784 ; 961 ; Gaius Inst. 1, 194
3 digne d’un homme libre, d’un homme bien né, noble : artes ingenuæ Cic. Fin. 3, 4 ; ingenua studia Cic. Fin. 5, 48 ; ingenuæ disciplinæ Cic. Fin. 2, 68, arts libéraux, occupations libérales, études libérales ; genus jocandi ingenuum Cic. Off. 1, 103, plaisanterie d’un homme bien né, de bon ton, de bonne compagnie, cf. Off. 1, 104 ; Phil. 10, 18 ; Fam. 5, 21, 3 || [m. pris subst^t] aperte odisse magis ingenui est quam, Cic. Læl. 65, il y a plus de noblesse à haïr ouvertement que
4 [poét.] faible, délicat : Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 72.