exercitus

Latin > English

exercitus exercitus N M :: army, infantry; swarm, flock

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

exercĭtus: a, um, Part. and P. a., from exerceo.
exercĭtus: ūs (
I gen. sing. exerciti, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 103 P.; Att. Trag. Fragm. 150, 311 (Rib. p. 155, 177); Varr. ap. Non. 485, 16 sq. EXERCITVIS, acc. to Non. ib. 11, without example. EXERCITVVS, Inscr. Orell. 4922.—Dat.: exercitu, Caes. B. C. 3, 96; Liv. 9, 5; 9, 41; 22, 1 al.), m. exerceo. *
I Lit., exercise: pro exercitu gymnastico et palaestrico, etc., Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 7.—
   B Transf., concr., in milit. lang., an exercised, disciplined body of men, an army (syn.: agmen, acies, phalanx, caterva, manus, legiones): exercitum non unam cohortem neque unam alam dicimus, sed numeros multos militum. Nam exercitui praeesse dicimus eum, qui legionem vel legiones administrat, Dig. 3, 2, 2: horrescit telis exercitus asper utrimque, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Ann. v. 385, ed. Vahl.); Enn. Ann. 14, 13: exercitum comparare, Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6: abire in exercitum, Plaut. Am. prol. 102; 125: venire ab exercitu, id. ib. 140: adesse ad exercitum, id. ib. 1, 3, 6: e castris educere exercitum, id. ib. 1, 1, 61 (cf.: ex oppido legiones educere, id. ib. v. 63); cf.: exercitum conscribere, comparare, id. ib. 5, 13, 36: parare, Sall. C. 29, 3: scribere, Liv. 2, 43, 5: conficere, Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 43; id. de Imp. Pomp. 21, 61: facere, id. Phil. 5, 8, 23: conflare, id. ib. 4, 6, 15: contrahere, Caes. B. G. 1, 34, 3: cogere, id. ib. 3, 17, 2; Sall. J. 10, 4: ducere, Cic. Mur. 9, 20: ductare, Sall. C. 11, 5; 17, 7: transducere, Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 1 et saep.—As a land army, in opposition to a naval army or fleet: eodem tempore et exercitus ostendebatur et classis intrabat portum, Liv. 26, 42, 2. As infantry, in opposition to cavalry: (Caesar) exercitum equitatumque castris continuit, Caes. B. G. 2, 11, 2; 7, 61, 2; 1, 48, 4; Liv. 30, 36, 8; 40, 52, 6; cf. Drak. id. 28, 1, 5.—
   2    Transf.
   (a)    The assembly of the people in the Centuria Comitiata, as being a military organization, Varr. L. L. 6, 9, § 88; cf. Gell. 15, 27 fin.; Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 50; 52.—
   (b)    Poet., in gen., a multitude, host, swarm, flock: corvorum, Verg. G. 1, 382; id. A. 5, 824; Sil. 11, 413.—
   (g)    A troop, body of attendants, etc.: huic illut dolet, quia remissus est edundi exercitus, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 50: remissum imperare exercitum, id. ib. v. 52.—*
II (Acc. to exerceo, II. C.) Trouble, affliction: Noli, obsecro, lacrimis tuis mihi exercitum imperare, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 60.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

(1) exercĭtus,¹² a, um, part. de exerceo || pris adj^t,
1 tourmenté, inquiété : Cic. Att. 1, 11, 2 ; Tac. Ann. 4, 11
2 dur, pénible : Tac. Ann. 1, 35 ; 1, 17
3 exercé, dressé : exercita eloquentia Tac. Ann. 3, 67, éloquence exercée || dressé à, habitué à [avec abl.] : Tac. Ann. 3, 20 ; H. 4, 4 ; [avec ad ] Tac. Ann. 14, 2 ; [avec inf.] Tac. Ann. 14, 56. comp. et sup. dans P. Fest. 81, 8.
(2) exercĭtŭs,⁵ ūs, m.,
1 exercice : Pl. Rud. 293 ; Capt. 153 || tourment : Pl. Cist. 58
2 armée, corps de troupes : exercitum conscribere, conficere, comparare, colligere, conflare, cogere, contrahere, parare, facere, scribere, lever une armée, v. ces verbes || infanterie : Cæs. G. 2, 11, 2 || peuple réuni en centuries : Varro L. 6, 88 ; Gell. 15, 27, 5 || [en gén.] troupe, multitude : exercitus corvorum Virg. G. 1, 382, nuée de corbeaux. gén. arch. -ti Acc. Tr. 150 ; 311 ; Varr. d. Non. 485, 20 || gén. pl. exercitum Mon. Anc. 29, 2 ; CIL 6, 414.

Latin > German (Georges)

(1) exercitus¹, a, um, PAdi. (v. exerceo), I) erregt = kräftig, wirksam, drastisch (δραστικός), adiutoria exercitiora, Cael. Aur. de morb. chron. 1, 4, 99: vinum exercitioris paulo virtutis, ibid. 4, 3, 32. – II) eingeübt, geschult (s. Nipp. Tac. ann. 3, 67), tantis rebus, Tac.: militiā, bello, Tac.: ad cubituram magis sum exercita, Plaut. cist. fr. bei Non. 198, 26: Agrippina exercita ad omne flagitium patrui nuptiis, Tac. – v. Lebl., exercita eloquentia, Tac.: manus parvis exercita furtis, Claud.: trinitas agendis rebus exercitior facta, Tert. adv. Val. 18. – m. Infin., factus naturā et consuetudine exercitus velare odium fallacibus blanditiis, Tac. ann. 14, 56. – III) in Widerwärtigkeiten geübt, hart geprüft, 1) eig., v. Pers., Cic. u. Plin. ep. – 2) übtr., von Verhältnissen usw., voller Widerwärtigkeiten, -Prüfungen, prüfungsreich (oft verb. laboriosus et exercitus, d.i. voller Drangsale u. Prüfungen), Cic., Plin. pan. u.a.; vgl. Bremi Suet. Tib . 6, 1. – / Compar. u. Superl. bei Paul. ex Fest. 81, 8.
(2) exercitus², ūs, m. (exerceo), I) die Übung, A) eig., Plaut. rud. 296. – B) meton., das taktisch geübte Heer, Kriegsheer (im Plur. v. zwei Heeren od. v. einem Heere, das aus zwei od. mehreren Legionen od. Haufen besteht), fortissimorum militum exercitus, Cic.: ex. pedester, das Fußvolk, Nep.: terrestris, navalis, Liv.: ex. tiro, Liv.: ex. veteranus, Auct. b. Alex.: voluntarius (der Freiwilligen), Liv.: Gallorum mercennarius exercitus, Iustin.: hic urbanus, städtische (in der Stadt ausgehobene), Liv.: Pannonici exercitus (Legionen), Tac.: tot exercituum clades, Sall. fr. – exercitui praeesse, Sall.: exercitus ducere, Sall.: in legatione ducere exercitum, Cic.: alqm exercitui praeficere, Nep.: illum exercitibus praeponere, Iuven. – exercitum scribere, Sall. u. Liv., conscribere, Caes. u. Cic. (vgl. conscribo no. I, A, a): exercitum parare od. comparare, Cic.: exercitum comparare contra alqm, Cic.: exercitus ad rempublicam libertatemque defendendam comparare, Cic.: exercitum conficere, Cic., exercitum invictum ex paternis militibus conficere, Cic.: exercitum cogere, Caes.: exercitum repente conflare, Cic.: exercitum paucis diebus facere, Cic.: exercitum facere argento, Sall. fr.: exercitum accipere, Cic.: exercitus alere, Cic.: alcis exercitum stipendio frumentoque alere, Sall. fr.: exercitum alere contra alqm, Cic.: exercitum habere, Sall., exercitum nullum habere, Cic.: exercitum habere in Gallia oder apud Samum, Caes. u. Nep.: exercitum in unum locum cogere od. conducere od. contrahere, Hirt. b.G. u. Caes.: ab Allobrogibus in Segusiavos exercitum ducere, Caes.: exercitum ducere contra od. adversus, Cic. u. Nep.: exercitum castris continere, Caes.: exercitum ex hibernis movere, Curt.: promovere exercitum in Aetoliam, Iustin.: exercitum educere, Nep., ex castris educere, Caes., in aciem educere, Nep.: exercitum in Africam traducere, Caes.: exercitum exponere (ausschiffen), Caes.: alqm ad exercitum mittere, Nep.: alqm cum exercitu mittere, Nep.: cum exercitu in Hispaniam proficisci, Nep.: exercitum dimittere, Caes.: alqm ab exercitu dimittere, Auct. b. Afr. – bes. das Fußvolk, exercitus equitatusque, exercitus cum equitatu, Caes. u. Liv.: his omnibus diebus exercitum castris continuit, equestri proelio cotidie contendit, Caes. – dah. übtr., a) da das Heer ursprünglich aus den freien Bürgern allein bestand, für die Versammlung der Bürger, -des Volks in den Zenturiatkomitien, Comment. consul. b. Varro LL. 6, 88; vgl. Gell. 15, 27 extr. u. die Auslgg. zu Plaut. capt. 153. – b) poet., ein Heer = eine Menge, ein Schwarm, corvorum, Verg.: Phorci, Meergottheiten, Verg.: meretricum exercitus (neben exoletorum greges), Hieron. epist. 69, 3. – II) die Unruhe, Qual (aber mit Anspielung auf no. I, B, a), Plaut. capt. 155; cist. 58. – / Nom. exercitum, Itala (Laud.) act. apost. 23, 10: Genet. exerciti, Acc. tr. 150 u. 311. Varro de vita P.R. 2. fr. 3 (bei Non. 485, 20). Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 1450: Vokat., exercite caste, Commodian. instr. 2, 26, 1: Genet. Plur. exercitûm, Monum. Anc. 5, 40. Liv. 27, 7, 17 u. 28, 25, 6 H.

Latin > Chinese

exercitus, a, um. part. p. c. s. v. exerceo. :: Militia exercita 勞之隊伍。 Probitas exercita rebus adversis 艱窘練成之善。
exercitus, us. m. :: 兵馬。三軍。練勞。— corvorum 烏鴉群。鴉陣。— justus 義軍。全軍。 Exercitum conficio vel scribo 招募兵馬。調兵。