λαγαίω: Difference between revisions
κακῆς ἀπ' ἀρχῆς γίγνεται [[τέλος]] κακόν → from a bad [[beginning]] comes a bad end (Euripides' Aeolus fr. 32)
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[release]], <b class="b3">λαγάσ-σαι ἀφεῖναι</b> H.;<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">λαγάσαι</b> (Crete),<br />Compounds: also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀπολάγαξις</b> [[release]] (Crete; on the formation Chantraine Form. 281, Bechtel Dial. 2, 746). - Several nouns, that do not directly depend from the verb: 1.<b class="b3">λαγαρός</b> [[slack]], [[emaciated]], [[thin]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">λαγαρότης</b> <b class="b2">slackness etc.</b>, <b class="b3">λαγαρόομαι</b> <b class="b2">get slack</b> (AP) with <b class="b3">λαγάρωσις</b> (Eust.; of <b class="b3">στίχοι λαγαροί</b>). <b class="b3">λαγαρίζομαι</b> meaning unclear (com.); 2. <b class="b3">λάγανον</b> <b class="b2">thin cake</b> (hell.) with <b class="b3">λαγάνιον</b> (late) and <b class="b3">λαγανίζω</b> (?; Hp. Morb. Sacr. 13 ; cf. Kind Herm. 72, 368) ; 1. a. 2. first from a noun <b class="b3">*λαγαρ</b> \/ <b class="b3">ν-</b>? (vgl. Benveniste Origines 18; to the frequent nom. in <b class="b3">-ανον</b> Chantraine Form. 198 f.). A <b class="b3">ν-</b>suffix also in the semantically deviant 3. <b class="b3">λάγνος</b> (<b class="b3">-νης</b>; on the barytone acc. Schwyzer 489) [[lascivious]], [[voluptuous]] with <b class="b3">λαγνεύω</b> <b class="b2">be lascivious, be lecherous</b>, <b class="b3">λαγνεία</b> <b class="b2">the act of coition etc.</b> (IA.). 4. <b class="b3">*λαγος</b> (<b class="b3">*λάξ</b>) [[slack]], [[thin]] in <b class="b3">λαγόνες</b> pl. f. (m..), rarely <b class="b3">-ών</b> sg. <b class="b2">the hollows on the side, the flanks</b> (IA.), also in <b class="b3">λαγώς</b> [[hare]] (s. v.).<br />Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.X<br />Etymology: A direct agreement to <b class="b3">*λαγος</b>, if from <b class="b3">*σλαγος</b> (s. on <b class="b3">λήγω</b>) gives a Germ. adj. for [[slack]]: Nord. [[slakr]] , OS [[slac]], OE [[slæc]] etc.; here with anlaut. <b class="b2">l-</b> (= IE.) MLG. [[lak]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, thus OIr. [[lacc]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (with expressive [[gg]]). The formal identity of <b class="b3">λαγών</b> and WNo. [[lake]] [[flap]], of <b class="b3">λάγανον</b> and OS [[lakan]], OHG [[lahhan]] [[cloth]] rests on parallel innovations of the separate languages. - With <b class="b3">λαγαρός</b> we can directly compare Toch. A [[slākkär]] [[sad]]. Beside it with <b class="b2">s-</b>suffix Lat. [[laxus]] <b class="b2">slack, weak etc.</b>; also Skt. <b class="b2">ślakṣṇá-</b> [[slippery]], [[meagre]], [[thin]] (from *slakṣ- assim., Hendriksen IF 56, 27 f.)? - Disyllabic <b class="b3">λαγά-σαι</b> (: <b class="b3">λαγαρός</b>) has an example in the synonymous <b class="b3">χαλά-σαι</b> (: <b class="b3">χαλαρός</b>); <b class="b3">λαγαίω</b> is innovation like <b class="b3">κεραίω</b>, <b class="b3">ἀγαίομαι</b> (s. <b class="b3">κεράννυμι</b> and <b class="b3">ἀγα-</b>; diff. Specht Ursprung 325); besides NGr. (Cret.) <b class="b3">λαγάζω</b>, s. Schulze Kl. Schr. 354 n. 1. Cf. also on <b class="b3">κλαδαρός</b>. - With diff. ablaut here <b class="b3">λήγω</b>, <b class="b3">λωγάνιον</b>, <b class="b3">λωγάς</b>, s. vv. - As <b class="b2">*slh₂g-</b> would have given <b class="b2">*slag-</b>, the form has not been explained; is it a Eur. substratum word? | |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[release]], <b class="b3">λαγάσ-σαι ἀφεῖναι</b> H.;<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">λαγάσαι</b> (Crete),<br />Compounds: also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀπολάγαξις</b> [[release]] (Crete; on the formation Chantraine Form. 281, Bechtel Dial. 2, 746). - Several nouns, that do not directly depend from the verb: 1.<b class="b3">λαγαρός</b> [[slack]], [[emaciated]], [[thin]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">λαγαρότης</b> <b class="b2">slackness etc.</b>, <b class="b3">λαγαρόομαι</b> <b class="b2">get slack</b> (AP) with <b class="b3">λαγάρωσις</b> (Eust.; of <b class="b3">στίχοι λαγαροί</b>). <b class="b3">λαγαρίζομαι</b> meaning unclear (com.); 2. <b class="b3">λάγανον</b> <b class="b2">thin cake</b> (hell.) with <b class="b3">λαγάνιον</b> (late) and <b class="b3">λαγανίζω</b> (?; Hp. Morb. Sacr. 13 ; cf. Kind Herm. 72, 368) ; 1. a. 2. first from a noun <b class="b3">*λαγαρ</b> \/ <b class="b3">ν-</b>? (vgl. Benveniste Origines 18; to the frequent nom. in <b class="b3">-ανον</b> Chantraine Form. 198 f.). A <b class="b3">ν-</b>suffix also in the semantically deviant 3. <b class="b3">λάγνος</b> (<b class="b3">-νης</b>; on the barytone acc. Schwyzer 489) [[lascivious]], [[voluptuous]] with <b class="b3">λαγνεύω</b> <b class="b2">be lascivious, be lecherous</b>, <b class="b3">λαγνεία</b> <b class="b2">the act of coition etc.</b> (IA.). 4. <b class="b3">*λαγος</b> (<b class="b3">*λάξ</b>) [[slack]], [[thin]] in <b class="b3">λαγόνες</b> pl. f. (m..), rarely <b class="b3">-ών</b> sg. <b class="b2">the hollows on the side, the flanks</b> (IA.), also in <b class="b3">λαγώς</b> [[hare]] (s. v.).<br />Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.X<br />Etymology: A direct agreement to <b class="b3">*λαγος</b>, if from <b class="b3">*σλαγος</b> (s. on <b class="b3">λήγω</b>) gives a Germ. adj. for [[slack]]: Nord. [[slakr]] , OS [[slac]], OE [[slæc]] etc.; here with anlaut. <b class="b2">l-</b> (= IE.) MLG. [[lak]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, thus OIr. [[lacc]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (with expressive [[gg]]). The formal identity of <b class="b3">λαγών</b> and WNo. [[lake]] [[flap]], of <b class="b3">λάγανον</b> and OS [[lakan]], OHG [[lahhan]] [[cloth]] rests on parallel innovations of the separate languages. - With <b class="b3">λαγαρός</b> we can directly compare Toch. A [[slākkär]] [[sad]]. Beside it with <b class="b2">s-</b>suffix Lat. [[laxus]] <b class="b2">slack, weak etc.</b>; also Skt. <b class="b2">ślakṣṇá-</b> [[slippery]], [[meagre]], [[thin]] (from *slakṣ- assim., Hendriksen IF 56, 27 f.)? - Disyllabic <b class="b3">λαγά-σαι</b> (: <b class="b3">λαγαρός</b>) has an example in the synonymous <b class="b3">χαλά-σαι</b> (: <b class="b3">χαλαρός</b>); <b class="b3">λαγαίω</b> is innovation like <b class="b3">κεραίω</b>, <b class="b3">ἀγαίομαι</b> (s. <b class="b3">κεράννυμι</b> and <b class="b3">ἀγα-</b>; diff. Specht Ursprung 325); besides NGr. (Cret.) <b class="b3">λαγάζω</b>, s. Schulze Kl. Schr. 354 n. 1. Cf. also on <b class="b3">κλαδαρός</b>. - With diff. ablaut here <b class="b3">λήγω</b>, <b class="b3">λωγάνιον</b>, <b class="b3">λωγάς</b>, s. vv. - As <b class="b2">*slh₂g-</b> would have given <b class="b2">*slag-</b>, the form has not been explained; is it a Eur. substratum word? | ||
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|ftr='''λαγαίω''': <br />{lagaíō.}<br />'''Forms''': Aor. λαγάσαι (Kreta),<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': [[freilassen]], [[λαγάσσαι]]· [[ἀφεῖναι]] H.;<br />'''Composita''' : auch mit ἀπο-,<br />'''Derivative''': davon [[ἀπολάγαξις]] [[Freilassung]] (Kreta; zur Bildung Chantraine Form. 281, Bechtel Dial. 2, 746). —Hinzu kommen zahlreiche Nomina, die vom Verb nicht direkt abhängen: 1.[[λαγαρός]] [[schlaff]], [[schmächtig]], [[dünn]] (ion. att.) mit [[λαγαρότης]] [[Schlaffheit]], [[λαγαρόομαι]] [[schlaff werden]] (''AP'') mit [[λαγάρωσις]] (Eust.; von στίχοι λαγαροί). [[λαγαρίζομαι]] Bed. unklar (Kom.); 2. [[λάγανον]] [[dünner Kuchen]], [[Plinse]] (hell. u. sp.) mit [[λαγάνιον]] (sp.) und [[λαγανίζω]] (?; Hp. ''Morb''. ''Sacr''. 13; vgl. Kind Herm. 72, 368); 1. u. 2. zunächst von einem Nomen *λαγαρ / ν-? (vgl. Benveniste Origines 18; zu den zahlreichen Nom. auf -ανον Chantraine Form. 198 f.). Ein ν- Suffix auch in dem semantisch abweichenden 3. [[λάγνος]] (-νης; zum barytonen Akz. Schwyzer 489) [[geil]], [[wollüstig]] mit [[λαγνεύω]] [[geil sein]], [[Unzucht treiben]], [[λαγνεία]] [[Unzucht]] (ion. att.). 4. *λαγος (*[[λάξ]]) [[schlaff]], [[dünn]] in λαγόνες pl. f. (m..), selten -ών sg. [[die Weichen]], [[die Dünnen]]; [[hohle Seite]], [[Flanke]] (ion. att.), ebenso in [[λαγώς]] [[Hase]] (s. bes.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Eine direkte Entsprechung zu *λαγος, falls aus *σλαγος (s. zu [[λήγω]]) bietet ein germ. Adj. für [[schlaff]] : nord. ''slakr'' asächs. ''slac'', ags. ''slæc'' usw.; dazu mit anlaut. ''l''- (= idg.) mnd. ''lak'' ib., ebenso air. ''lacc'' ib. (mit expressivem ''gg''). Die formale Identität von [[λαγών]] und wno. ''lake'' [[Lappen]], [[Faltmagen]]. von [[λάγανον]] und asächs. ''lakan'', ahd. ''lahhan'' ‘Tuch, ''Laken''’ beruht auf parallelen einzelsprachlichen Neubildungen. —Mit [[λαγαρός]] läßt sich toch. A ''slākkär'' [[traurig]] direkt gleichsetzen. Daneben mit ''s''-Suffix lat. ''laxus'' [[schlaff]], [[weich]]; auch aind. ''ślakṣṇá''- [[schlüpfrig]], [[schmächtig]], [[dünn]] (aus *''slakṣ ''assim., Hendriksen IF 56, 27 f.)? — Das zweisilbige λαγάσαι ( : [[λαγαρός]]) hat ein Vorbild in dem synonymen χαλάσαι ( : [[χαλαρός]]); [[λαγαίω]] ist Neubildung wie [[κεραίω]], [[ἀγαίομαι]] u. a. (s. [[κεράννυμι]] und [[ἀγα-]]; anders Specht Ursprung 325); daneben ngr. (kret.) λαγάζω, s. Schulze Kl. Schr. 354 A. 1. Vgl. noch zu [[κλαδαρός]]. — Mit anderem Ablaut gehören hierher [[λήγω]], [[λωγάνιον]], [[λωγάς]], s. bes.<br />'''Page''' 2,68 | |||
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Revision as of 15:10, 2 October 2019
English (LSJ)
A release: inf. λαγαίεν GDI4982.4, 4989.6 (Crete): 3sg. aor. subj. λαγάσει Leg.Gort.1.9, al.: aor. inf. λαγάσαι GDI4979.46, Leg.Gort.1.5; cf. λαγάσσαι.
French (Bailly abrégé)
relâcher.
Étymologie: DELG cf. lat. langueo.
Greek Monolingual
λαγαίω (Α)
επιγρ. απαλλάσσω, απολύω, αφήνω.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Ο τ. λαγαίω προήλθε από θ. λαγ- + κατάλ. -αίω (κατά το κεραίω, ἀγαίομαι), ενώ ο αόρ. λαγάσαι σχηματίστηκε κατά το συνών. χαλάσαι. Το θ. λαγ-ανάγεται στη συνεσταλμένη βαθμίδα (s)lәg-της ΙΕ ρίζας (s)lēg- «χαλαρός, άτονος» (πρβλ. λήγω) και εμφανίζει φωνήεν -α- αντί του αναμενόμενου -ε- (πρβλ. ῥήγνυμι: ἐρράγην). Στην ίδια βαθμίδα ανάγονται και οι τ. λαγγάζω, λαγαρός, λάγνος, λαγών].
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: release, λαγάσ-σαι ἀφεῖναι H.;
Other forms: aor. λαγάσαι (Crete),
Compounds: also with ἀπο-.
Derivatives: ἀπολάγαξις release (Crete; on the formation Chantraine Form. 281, Bechtel Dial. 2, 746). - Several nouns, that do not directly depend from the verb: 1.λαγαρός slack, emaciated, thin (IA.) with λαγαρότης slackness etc., λαγαρόομαι get slack (AP) with λαγάρωσις (Eust.; of στίχοι λαγαροί). λαγαρίζομαι meaning unclear (com.); 2. λάγανον thin cake (hell.) with λαγάνιον (late) and λαγανίζω (?; Hp. Morb. Sacr. 13 ; cf. Kind Herm. 72, 368) ; 1. a. 2. first from a noun *λαγαρ \/ ν-? (vgl. Benveniste Origines 18; to the frequent nom. in -ανον Chantraine Form. 198 f.). A ν-suffix also in the semantically deviant 3. λάγνος (-νης; on the barytone acc. Schwyzer 489) lascivious, voluptuous with λαγνεύω be lascivious, be lecherous, λαγνεία the act of coition etc. (IA.). 4. *λαγος (*λάξ) slack, thin in λαγόνες pl. f. (m..), rarely -ών sg. the hollows on the side, the flanks (IA.), also in λαγώς hare (s. v.).
Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.X
Etymology: A direct agreement to *λαγος, if from *σλαγος (s. on λήγω) gives a Germ. adj. for slack: Nord. slakr , OS slac, OE slæc etc.; here with anlaut. l- (= IE.) MLG. lak id., thus OIr. lacc id. (with expressive gg). The formal identity of λαγών and WNo. lake flap, of λάγανον and OS lakan, OHG lahhan cloth rests on parallel innovations of the separate languages. - With λαγαρός we can directly compare Toch. A slākkär sad. Beside it with s-suffix Lat. laxus slack, weak etc.; also Skt. ślakṣṇá- slippery, meagre, thin (from *slakṣ- assim., Hendriksen IF 56, 27 f.)? - Disyllabic λαγά-σαι (: λαγαρός) has an example in the synonymous χαλά-σαι (: χαλαρός); λαγαίω is innovation like κεραίω, ἀγαίομαι (s. κεράννυμι and ἀγα-; diff. Specht Ursprung 325); besides NGr. (Cret.) λαγάζω, s. Schulze Kl. Schr. 354 n. 1. Cf. also on κλαδαρός. - With diff. ablaut here λήγω, λωγάνιον, λωγάς, s. vv. - As *slh₂g- would have given *slag-, the form has not been explained; is it a Eur. substratum word?
Frisk Etymology German
λαγαίω:
{lagaíō.}
Forms: Aor. λαγάσαι (Kreta),
Grammar: v.
Meaning: freilassen, λαγάσσαι· ἀφεῖναι H.;
Composita : auch mit ἀπο-,
Derivative: davon ἀπολάγαξις Freilassung (Kreta; zur Bildung Chantraine Form. 281, Bechtel Dial. 2, 746). —Hinzu kommen zahlreiche Nomina, die vom Verb nicht direkt abhängen: 1.λαγαρός schlaff, schmächtig, dünn (ion. att.) mit λαγαρότης Schlaffheit, λαγαρόομαι schlaff werden (AP) mit λαγάρωσις (Eust.; von στίχοι λαγαροί). λαγαρίζομαι Bed. unklar (Kom.); 2. λάγανον dünner Kuchen, Plinse (hell. u. sp.) mit λαγάνιον (sp.) und λαγανίζω (?; Hp. Morb. Sacr. 13; vgl. Kind Herm. 72, 368); 1. u. 2. zunächst von einem Nomen *λαγαρ / ν-? (vgl. Benveniste Origines 18; zu den zahlreichen Nom. auf -ανον Chantraine Form. 198 f.). Ein ν- Suffix auch in dem semantisch abweichenden 3. λάγνος (-νης; zum barytonen Akz. Schwyzer 489) geil, wollüstig mit λαγνεύω geil sein, Unzucht treiben, λαγνεία Unzucht (ion. att.). 4. *λαγος (*λάξ) schlaff, dünn in λαγόνες pl. f. (m..), selten -ών sg. die Weichen, die Dünnen; hohle Seite, Flanke (ion. att.), ebenso in λαγώς Hase (s. bes.).
Etymology : Eine direkte Entsprechung zu *λαγος, falls aus *σλαγος (s. zu λήγω) bietet ein germ. Adj. für schlaff : nord. slakr asächs. slac, ags. slæc usw.; dazu mit anlaut. l- (= idg.) mnd. lak ib., ebenso air. lacc ib. (mit expressivem gg). Die formale Identität von λαγών und wno. lake Lappen, Faltmagen. von λάγανον und asächs. lakan, ahd. lahhan ‘Tuch, Laken’ beruht auf parallelen einzelsprachlichen Neubildungen. —Mit λαγαρός läßt sich toch. A slākkär traurig direkt gleichsetzen. Daneben mit s-Suffix lat. laxus schlaff, weich; auch aind. ślakṣṇá- schlüpfrig, schmächtig, dünn (aus *slakṣ assim., Hendriksen IF 56, 27 f.)? — Das zweisilbige λαγάσαι ( : λαγαρός) hat ein Vorbild in dem synonymen χαλάσαι ( : χαλαρός); λαγαίω ist Neubildung wie κεραίω, ἀγαίομαι u. a. (s. κεράννυμι und ἀγα-; anders Specht Ursprung 325); daneben ngr. (kret.) λαγάζω, s. Schulze Kl. Schr. 354 A. 1. Vgl. noch zu κλαδαρός. — Mit anderem Ablaut gehören hierher λήγω, λωγάνιον, λωγάς, s. bes.
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