κῶας: Difference between revisions

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Πονηρὸν ἄνδρα μηδέποτε ποιοῦ φίλον (μηδέπω κτήσῃ φίλον) → Tibi numquam amicum facito moratum male → Nimm niemals einen schlechten Mann zum Freunde dir

Menander, Monostichoi, 453
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: n., pl.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">weak, hairy skin, fleece</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">κῶς</b> Nikoch. 12; <b class="b3">κώεα</b>, <b class="b3">-εσι</b><br />Dialectal forms: Myc. kowo \/[[kowos]]\/.<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">κῴδ-ιον</b> (Att.), <b class="b3">-άριον</b> (com.); <b class="b3">κωδᾶς</b>, <b class="b3">-ᾶτος</b> m. <b class="b2">handler in fleeces</b> (pap.)<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Without certain etymology. Acc. to Bq from long grade <b class="b3">*κῶϜας</b>, IE. <b class="b2">*kōuǝs-</b> (as <b class="b3">γῆρας</b>; Schwyzer 349) from the s. <b class="b3">κύτος</b> discussed group [[cover]], [[conceal]], IE. (<b class="b2">s)keu-</b>; incorrect; doubts in WP. 2, 547 and Pok. 951. Not (with Curtius and Prellwitz) to <b class="b3">κεῖμαι</b>. - A full grade is what we expect, which would give <b class="b2">*koHu̯-H-s</b> or <b class="b2">*keh₃u̯-h₂-s</b>, which is rather strange; the inflection <b class="b3">-ας</b>, <b class="b3">-ε-</b> is also unusual: the -e- would fit with the Myc. nom., but then <b class="b3">-ας</b> is strange; it rather seems that a strange, i.e. Pre-Greek, word was adapted to Greek; so prob. the word is Pre-Greek.
|etymtx=Grammatical information: n., pl.<br />Meaning: [[weak]], [[hairy skin]], [[fleece]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">κῶς</b> Nikoch. 12; <b class="b3">κώεα</b>, <b class="b3">-εσι</b><br />Dialectal forms: Myc. kowo \/[[kowos]]\/.<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">κῴδ-ιον</b> (Att.), <b class="b3">-άριον</b> (com.); <b class="b3">κωδᾶς</b>, <b class="b3">-ᾶτος</b> m. <b class="b2">handler in fleeces</b> (pap.)<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Without certain etymology. Acc. to Bq from long grade <b class="b3">*κῶϜας</b>, IE. <b class="b2">*kōuǝs-</b> (as <b class="b3">γῆρας</b>; Schwyzer 349) from the s. <b class="b3">κύτος</b> discussed group [[cover]], [[conceal]], IE. (<b class="b2">s)keu-</b>; incorrect; doubts in WP. 2, 547 and Pok. 951. Not (with Curtius and Prellwitz) to <b class="b3">κεῖμαι</b>. - A full grade is what we expect, which would give <b class="b2">*koHu̯-H-s</b> or <b class="b2">*keh₃u̯-h₂-s</b>, which is rather strange; the inflection <b class="b3">-ας</b>, <b class="b3">-ε-</b> is also unusual: the -e- would fit with the Myc. nom., but then <b class="b3">-ας</b> is strange; it rather seems that a strange, i.e. Pre-Greek, word was adapted to Greek; so prob. the word is Pre-Greek.
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{{mdlsj
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Revision as of 20:50, 30 June 2020

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: κῶας Medium diacritics: κῶας Low diacritics: κώας Capitals: ΚΩΑΣ
Transliteration A: kō̂as Transliteration B: kōas Transliteration C: koas Beta Code: kw=as

English (LSJ)

τό, in Hom. nom. acc. sg. κῶας; pl. κώεα, dat. κώεσι; later contr. κῶς (q.v.):—

   A fleece, στόρεσαν λέχος,… κώεά τε ῥῆγός τε Il.9.661, cf. Od.23.180; ἀδέψητον βοέην στόρεσ', αὐτὰρ ὕπερθε κώεα πόλλ' ὀΐων 20.3, cf. 142; χεῦεν ὕπο χλωρὰς ῥῶπας καὶ κῶας ὕπερθεν 16.47; φέρε δὴ δίφρον καὶ κῶας ἐπ' αὐτοῦ 19.97; ἵδρυσεν παρὰ δαιτί κώεσιν ἐν μαλακοῖσι 3.38, cf. 17.32; of the Golden Fleece, κ. αἰγλᾶεν χρυσέῳ θυσάνῳ Pi.P.4.231; ἔπλεον ἐπὶ τὸ κ. ἐς Αἶαν Hdt.7.193; μέγα κ. Mimn.11.1; τὸ χρύσειον κ. Theoc.13.16.—Cf. κῴδιον.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1540] τό, plur. τὰ κώεα, κώεσι, später auch zsgzgn κῶς, weiches, wolliges Fell, Vließ, das bei Hom. als Decke über Stühle u. Betten gebreitet wird, um weicher darauf zu sitzen u. zu liegen, gewiß Schaaffelle, wie auch Il. 20, 142 ἐν κώεσιν οἰῶν ἔδραθεν steht; vgl. Ap. Rh. 1, 1090; bei diesem ist χρύσειον κῶας das goldene Vließ, 1, 4 u. öfter, wie Her. 7, 193 ἔπλεον ἐπὶ τὸ κῶας u. κῶας αἰγλᾶεν Pind. P. 4, 231, vgl. Theocr. 13, 16. Wahrscheinlich mit κεῖμαι, κοιμάω zusammenhangend, nicht mit οἶς.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

κῶας: τό, παρ’ Ὁμ. καὶ καθ’ ἑνικ. καὶ κατ’ ἀνώμαλ. πληθ. κώεα, δοτ. κώεσι· μεταγεν. συνῃρ. κῶς (ὃ ἴδε)· -κώεα, προβάτων δέρματα, στόρεσαν λέχος... κώεά τε ῥῆγός τε Ἰλ. Ι. 661 (657), πρβλ. Ὀδ. Ψ. 180· ἀδέψητον βοέην στόρεσ’, αὐτὰρ ὕπερθεν κώεα πόλλ’ ὀΐων Υ. 3, πρβλ. 142· χεῦεν ὕπο χλωρὰς ῥῶπας καὶ κῶας ὕπερθεν Π. 47· φέρε δὴ δίφρον καὶ κῶας ἐπ’ αὐτοῦ Τ. 97· ἵδρυσεν παρὰ δαιτί, κώεσιν ἐν μαλακοῖσι Γ. 38, πρβλ. Ρ. 32· ― μεθ’ Ὅμηρ., ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσομάλλου δέρατος ὅπερ ὁ Ἰάσων ἐκόμισεν ἐκ τῆς Κολχίδος, κ. αἰγλᾶεν χρυσέῳ θυσάνῳ Πινδ. Π. 4. 411· ἔπλεον ἐπὶ τὸ κ. ἐς Αἶαν Ἡρόδ. 7. 193· μέγα κ. Μίμνερμ. 11· τὸ χρύσειον κ. Θεόκρ. 13. 16. ― Πρβλ. κώδιον. (Ἴσως συγγενὲς τῷ κεῖμαι, κοιμάω· ἴδε Κούρτ. 45.)

French (Bailly abrégé)

pl. κώεα (τό) :
toison, peau de brebis servant de couche, de tapis ou de couverture ; τὸ χρύσειον κῶας ou abs. la toison d’or.
Étymologie: R. Κι, cf. κεῖμαι, κοίτη.

English (Autenrieth)

pl. κώεα, dat. κώεσιν: fleece, serving for seat or bedding, Od. 16.47, Il. 9.661, Od. 3.38.

English (Slater)

(τό)
   1 fleece “ἄφθιτον στρωμνὰν ἀγέσθω, κῶας αἰγλᾶεν χρυσέῳ θυσάνῳ” (P. 4.231)

Greek Monolingual

κῶας και κῶς, τὸ (Α)
1. μαλακό δέρμα προβάτου που άπλωναν ως κάλυμμα σε καθίσματα ή κρεβάτια («στόρεσαν λέχος... κώεά τε ῤῆγός τε λίνοιό τε λεπτόν ἄωτον», Ομ. Ιλ.)
2. το χρυσόμαλλο δέρας («λέγεται τὸν Ἡρακλέα καταλειφθῆναι ὑπὸ Ἰήσονός τε καὶ τῶν συνεταίρων... εὖτ' ἐπὶ τὸ κῷας ἔπλωον ἐς Αἶαν τὴν Κολχίδα», Ηρόδ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Η σύνδεση με το κύτος και η αναγωγή στην ΙΕ ρίζα (s)qeu- «σκεπάζω, καλύπτω» δεν φαίνεται πιθ. Ο τ. μαρτυρείται στη Μυκηναϊκή με τη μορφή kowo: κῶFος].

Greek Monotonic

κῶας: τό, ανώμ. πληθ. κώεα, δοτ. κώεσι, δέρμα προβάτου που χρησιμοποιούνταν ως στρωσίδι κρεβατιού, σε Όμηρ., Ηρόδ. (αμφίβ. προέλ.).

Russian (Dvoretsky)

κῶας: τό (тж. κ. ὄϊος Hom.) (pl. κώεα, dat. pl. κώεσι) овечья шкура, овчина Hom. etc.: τὸ χρύσειον κ. Pind., Theocr. и τὸ κ. Her. золотое руно.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

κῶας, τό, nom. plur. κῶεα, dat. plur. κώεσι, (schapen)vacht:. τὸ χρύσειον κῶας het Gulden Vlies Theocr. Id. 13.16.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: n., pl.
Meaning: weak, hairy skin, fleece (Il.).
Other forms: κῶς Nikoch. 12; κώεα, -εσι
Dialectal forms: Myc. kowo \/kowos\/.
Derivatives: Dimin. κῴδ-ιον (Att.), -άριον (com.); κωδᾶς, -ᾶτος m. handler in fleeces (pap.)
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: Without certain etymology. Acc. to Bq from long grade *κῶϜας, IE. *kōuǝs- (as γῆρας; Schwyzer 349) from the s. κύτος discussed group cover, conceal, IE. (s)keu-; incorrect; doubts in WP. 2, 547 and Pok. 951. Not (with Curtius and Prellwitz) to κεῖμαι. - A full grade is what we expect, which would give *koHu̯-H-s or *keh₃u̯-h₂-s, which is rather strange; the inflection -ας, -ε- is also unusual: the -e- would fit with the Myc. nom., but then -ας is strange; it rather seems that a strange, i.e. Pre-Greek, word was adapted to Greek; so prob. the word is Pre-Greek.

Middle Liddell


a fleece, used as bedding, Hom., Hdt. [deriv. uncertain]

Frisk Etymology German

κῶας: (κῶς Nikoch. 12)
{kō̃as}
Forms: pl. κώεα, -εσι
Grammar: n.
Meaning: weiches, zottiges Fell, Vlies (ep. ion. poet. seit Il.)
Derivative: mit den Demin. κῴδιον (att. usw.), -άριον (Kom.); κωδᾶς, -ᾶτος m. Vlieshändler (Pap.).
Etymology : Ohne sichere Etymologie. Nach Bq aus dehnstufigem *κῶϝας, idg. *qōuəs- (wie γῆρας; Schwyzer 349) zu der s. κύτος erörterten Sippe bedecken, verhüllen, idg. (s)qeu-; Zweifel bei WP. 2, 547 und Pok. 951. Nicht (mit Curtius und Prellwitz) zu κεῖμαι. — Über eine Hypothese von Merlingen ("pelasgisch" zu βοῦς usw.) s. Chantraine Rev. de phil. 30, 285.
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