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|lshtext=<b>cāsus</b>: (Ciceronis temporibus paulumque [[infra]] s geminabatur: [[cassus]], etc., Quint. 1, 7, 20; cf.: [[causa]], [[Juppiter]] al.; in inscr. also KASVS), ūs (dat. casu, Nep. Alcib. 6, 4), m. [[cado]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., a falling (acc. to [[cado]], I. A. and C.).<br /> <b>A</b> A falling [[down]], etc.: stillicidi, Lucr. 1, 313: geli, id. 5, 205: nivis, Liv. 21, 35, 6: fulminum, Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; Ov. M. 8, 259: celsae graviore casu Decidunt turres, Hor. C. 2, 10, 10.—In plur., Lucr. 2, 231.—<br /> <b>B</b> A [[fall]], an [[overthrow]], a throwing [[down]]: occumbunt multi [[letum]] praecipe casu, Enn. Ann. 391 Vahl.: eoque ictu me ad casum dari, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 44: [[casus]], quo (infantes) in terram toties deferuntur, Quint. 1, 12, 10; Lucr. 5, 1333: vehiculi, Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 21 al.—In plur.: cum loci Inciperent [[casus]], i. e. the [[fall]], [[destruction]] (by an [[earthquake]]), Ov. M. 8, 714.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> Of [[time]], the [[end]]: extremae sub casum hiemis, Verg. G. 1, 340.—<br /> <b>B</b> A [[moral]] [[fall]], a false [[step]], an [[error]], [[fall]]: multas vias adulescentiae lubricas ostendit ([[natura]]), quibus [[illa]] insistere, aut ingredi [[sine]] casu [[aliquo]] ac prolapsione vix posset, Cic. Cael. 17, 41.—So of a [[political]] [[fall]], Cic. Sest. 67, 140.—<br /> <b>2</b> Esp., a [[fall]] or [[change]] from a [[higher]] to a [[lower]] [[condition]]: [[secum]] reputans [[quam]] [[gravis]] [[casus]] in [[servitium]] ex [[regno]] foret, Sall. J. 62, 9.—<br /> <b>C</b> That [[which]] turns [[out]] or happens [[unexpectedly]], an [[occurrence]], [[event]], [[accident]], [[chance]], [[misfortune]], [[emergency]] (this [[most]] freq. in sing. and plur.): [[quid]] est [[enim]] aliud [[fors]], [[quid]] [[fortuna]], [[quid]] [[casus]], [[quid]] [[eventus]], [[nisi]] cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere [[atque]] evenire, vel [[aliter]] cadere [[atque]] evenire potuerit? etc., Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15: [[quis]] [[iste]] [[tantus]] [[casus]]? [[unde]] tam [[felix]] [[concursus]] atomorum? cf. id. N. D. 1, 32, 90: [[novi]] [[casus]] temporum, id. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60: [[quod]] [[consilium]] [[etsi]] in ejusmodi casu reprehendendum non est, [[tamen]] [[incommode]] accidit, [[such]] an [[emergency]], Caes. B. G. 5, 33: [[quod]] in ejusmodi casu accidit, periti ignaris parebant, Curt. 4, 3, 18; 10, 5, 8; Quint. 6, 2, 34; Tac. A. 2, 47; Liv. 24, 2, 11; 38, 8, 5: potest [[igitur]] veritatem [[casus]] imitari, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 49: [[quis]] tantam Rutulis laudem, casusne deusne, Attulerit, Verg. A. 12, 321: [[sive]] illud deorum [[munus]] [[sive]] [[casus]] fuit, Curt. 4, 7, 13: quae [[casus]] obtulerat, in sapientiam vertenda [[ratus]], Tac. A. 1, 29: ut quemque [[casus]] armaverat, Sall. C. 56, 3: si quos [[locus]] aut [[casus]] conjunxerat, id. J. 97 fin.: in aleam tanti [[casus]] se regnumque [[dare]], Liv. 42, 50, 2: [[ludibrium]] casūs, id. 30, 30, 5: casum [[potius]] [[quam]] [[consilium]] sequatur, Quint. 7, prooem. § 3: parata ad omnes [[casus]] [[eloquentia]], id. 10, 1, 2: bellorum, Tac. A. 1, 61: [[satis]] jam eventuum, [[satis]] casuum, id. ib. 2, 26: adversi, secundi, Nep. Dat. 5, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 25; id. Oth. 9: [[magnus]], Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 3: [[mirificus]], Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2: mirabiles, Nep. Timol. 5, 1: rariores, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 19: dubii, Cat. 64, 216; Hor. S. 2, 2, 108: varii, Verg. A. 1, 204: subiti repentinique, Suet. Aug. 73.—Hence, in abl.: casu, adverbially, by [[chance]], [[casually]], by [[accident]], [[accidentally]]: [[quod]] si haec habent [[aliquam]] talem necessitatem, [[quid]] est [[tandem]], [[quod]] casu fieri aut [[forte]] fortunā putemus? Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18: id evenit non [[temere]] nec casu, id. N. D. 2, 2, 6: [[sive]] casu [[sive]] consilio deorum, Caes. B. G. 1, 12; cf. Suet. Claud. 13: [[necessitate]] an casu, Quint. 3, 6, 26: casu an persuasu et inductu, id. 5, 10, 69: casu an manibus [[impeditus]], Tac. A. 1, 13: accidit casu ut legati, etc., Nep. Hann. 12, 1; cf. Hor. S. 1, 6, 53; 1, 9, 36; id. Ep. 1, 19, 18; Ov. M. 5, 118; 6, 359; 7, 84 et saep.—Hence, also,<br /> <b>b</b> A [[chance]], an [[occasion]], [[opportunity]] for [[something]] (esp. freq. in Sall. and Tac.): [[aetas]] [[illa]] [[multo]] pluris [[quam]] nostra [[casus]] mortis habet, Cic. Sen. 19, 67; cf.: mortis durae [[casus]], Verg. A. 10, 791: aut vi aut dolis [[sese]] casum victoriae inventurum, Sall. J. 25, 9: praeclari facinoris casum [[dare]], id. ib. 56, 4; so, si [[casus]] daretur, Tac. A. 1, 13; 11, 9: invadendae Armeniae, id. ib. 12, 50: pugnae, id. ib. 12, 28: [[bene]] gerendae rei, id. ib. 13, 36: casum adferre, Quint. 8, 4, 17.— Since the [[idea]] of [[suddenness]], unexpectedness, [[easily]] passes [[into]] [[that]] of [[hostility]], adverseness (cf. [[accido]], 4.), [[casus]] signifies,<br /> <b>2</b> Esp., an [[adverse]] [[event]], a [[misfortune]], [[mishap]], [[calamity]], = [[συμφορά]]: [[meum]] illum casum tam horribilem, tam gravem, tam repentinum, Cic. Sest. 24, 53; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 4: [[dolens]] civitatis casum, Sall. C. 40, 2; cf. id. J. 14, 22; 23, 2; Liv. 37, 17, 7; 23, 22, 3; Cat. 28, 11.—Of [[disease]]: si [[alius]] [[casus]] [[lecto]] te adfixit, Hor. S. 1, 1, 81; Ov. M. 4, 142; 14, 473; 15, 494: res [[minime]] in hujusmodi casu [[noxia]], in the [[earthquake]], Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, 2; id. Cons. ad Marc. 5, 3: urbis Trojanae, [[overthrow]], Verg. A. 1, 623.—Hence,<br /> <b>b</b> Euphemist. for [[death]]: Saturnini [[atque]] Gracchorum [[casus]], Caes. B. C. 1, 7: sui quemque [[casus]] per [[quinquennium]] absumpsissent, Liv. 23, 22, 3; Sall. J. 73, 1; Hor. S. 2, 5, 49; Suet. Aug. 65; cf. id. Caes. 89; id. Calig. 10.—<br /> <b>D</b> In gram. t. t., a [[case]] in the [[inflection]] of words: [[propter]] eorum qui dicunt, sunt declinati [[casus]], uti is qui de altero diceret, distinguere posset, [[quom]] vocaret, etc., Varr. L. L. 8, § 16 Müll.: [[casus]] dicimus... et vocabulorum formas, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 11 ib.: ea (verba) sic et casibus et temporibus et genere et [[numero]] conservemus, ut, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 40: [[barbari]] [[casus]]... [[casus]] [[rectus]], id. Or. 48, 160; Quint. 1, 5, 61: obliqui, id. 1, 6, 22: nominativo, dativo, ablativo, id. 7, 9, 13: genitivo, id. 1, 5, 62: [[Latinus]], [[sextus]], i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.: conversi, i. e. obliqui, Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64: interrogandi (i. e. [[genetivus]]), Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 26 Hertz: vocandi, id. ib.: [[septimus]], Quint. 1, 4, 26. | |lshtext=<b>cāsus</b>: (Ciceronis temporibus paulumque [[infra]] s geminabatur: [[cassus]], etc., Quint. 1, 7, 20; cf.: [[causa]], [[Juppiter]] al.; in inscr. also KASVS), ūs (dat. casu, Nep. Alcib. 6, 4), m. [[cado]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., a falling (acc. to [[cado]], I. A. and C.).<br /> <b>A</b> A falling [[down]], etc.: stillicidi, Lucr. 1, 313: geli, id. 5, 205: nivis, Liv. 21, 35, 6: fulminum, Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; Ov. M. 8, 259: celsae graviore casu Decidunt turres, Hor. C. 2, 10, 10.—In plur., Lucr. 2, 231.—<br /> <b>B</b> A [[fall]], an [[overthrow]], a throwing [[down]]: occumbunt multi [[letum]] praecipe casu, Enn. Ann. 391 Vahl.: eoque ictu me ad casum dari, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 44: [[casus]], quo (infantes) in terram toties deferuntur, Quint. 1, 12, 10; Lucr. 5, 1333: vehiculi, Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 21 al.—In plur.: cum loci Inciperent [[casus]], i. e. the [[fall]], [[destruction]] (by an [[earthquake]]), Ov. M. 8, 714.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> Of [[time]], the [[end]]: extremae sub casum hiemis, Verg. G. 1, 340.—<br /> <b>B</b> A [[moral]] [[fall]], a false [[step]], an [[error]], [[fall]]: multas vias adulescentiae lubricas ostendit ([[natura]]), quibus [[illa]] insistere, aut ingredi [[sine]] casu [[aliquo]] ac prolapsione vix posset, Cic. Cael. 17, 41.—So of a [[political]] [[fall]], Cic. Sest. 67, 140.—<br /> <b>2</b> Esp., a [[fall]] or [[change]] from a [[higher]] to a [[lower]] [[condition]]: [[secum]] reputans [[quam]] [[gravis]] [[casus]] in [[servitium]] ex [[regno]] foret, Sall. J. 62, 9.—<br /> <b>C</b> That [[which]] turns [[out]] or happens [[unexpectedly]], an [[occurrence]], [[event]], [[accident]], [[chance]], [[misfortune]], [[emergency]] (this [[most]] freq. in sing. and plur.): [[quid]] est [[enim]] aliud [[fors]], [[quid]] [[fortuna]], [[quid]] [[casus]], [[quid]] [[eventus]], [[nisi]] cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere [[atque]] evenire, vel [[aliter]] cadere [[atque]] evenire potuerit? etc., Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15: [[quis]] [[iste]] [[tantus]] [[casus]]? [[unde]] tam [[felix]] [[concursus]] atomorum? cf. id. N. D. 1, 32, 90: [[novi]] [[casus]] temporum, id. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60: [[quod]] [[consilium]] [[etsi]] in ejusmodi casu reprehendendum non est, [[tamen]] [[incommode]] accidit, [[such]] an [[emergency]], Caes. B. G. 5, 33: [[quod]] in ejusmodi casu accidit, periti ignaris parebant, Curt. 4, 3, 18; 10, 5, 8; Quint. 6, 2, 34; Tac. A. 2, 47; Liv. 24, 2, 11; 38, 8, 5: potest [[igitur]] veritatem [[casus]] imitari, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 49: [[quis]] tantam Rutulis laudem, casusne deusne, Attulerit, Verg. A. 12, 321: [[sive]] illud deorum [[munus]] [[sive]] [[casus]] fuit, Curt. 4, 7, 13: quae [[casus]] obtulerat, in sapientiam vertenda [[ratus]], Tac. A. 1, 29: ut quemque [[casus]] armaverat, Sall. C. 56, 3: si quos [[locus]] aut [[casus]] conjunxerat, id. J. 97 fin.: in aleam tanti [[casus]] se regnumque [[dare]], Liv. 42, 50, 2: [[ludibrium]] casūs, id. 30, 30, 5: casum [[potius]] [[quam]] [[consilium]] sequatur, Quint. 7, prooem. § 3: parata ad omnes [[casus]] [[eloquentia]], id. 10, 1, 2: bellorum, Tac. A. 1, 61: [[satis]] jam eventuum, [[satis]] casuum, id. ib. 2, 26: adversi, secundi, Nep. Dat. 5, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 25; id. Oth. 9: [[magnus]], Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 3: [[mirificus]], Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2: mirabiles, Nep. Timol. 5, 1: rariores, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 19: dubii, Cat. 64, 216; Hor. S. 2, 2, 108: varii, Verg. A. 1, 204: subiti repentinique, Suet. Aug. 73.—Hence, in abl.: casu, adverbially, by [[chance]], [[casually]], by [[accident]], [[accidentally]]: [[quod]] si haec habent [[aliquam]] talem necessitatem, [[quid]] est [[tandem]], [[quod]] casu fieri aut [[forte]] fortunā putemus? Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18: id evenit non [[temere]] nec casu, id. N. D. 2, 2, 6: [[sive]] casu [[sive]] consilio deorum, Caes. B. G. 1, 12; cf. Suet. Claud. 13: [[necessitate]] an casu, Quint. 3, 6, 26: casu an persuasu et inductu, id. 5, 10, 69: casu an manibus [[impeditus]], Tac. A. 1, 13: accidit casu ut legati, etc., Nep. Hann. 12, 1; cf. Hor. S. 1, 6, 53; 1, 9, 36; id. Ep. 1, 19, 18; Ov. M. 5, 118; 6, 359; 7, 84 et saep.—Hence, also,<br /> <b>b</b> A [[chance]], an [[occasion]], [[opportunity]] for [[something]] (esp. freq. in Sall. and Tac.): [[aetas]] [[illa]] [[multo]] pluris [[quam]] nostra [[casus]] mortis habet, Cic. Sen. 19, 67; cf.: mortis durae [[casus]], Verg. A. 10, 791: aut vi aut dolis [[sese]] casum victoriae inventurum, Sall. J. 25, 9: praeclari facinoris casum [[dare]], id. ib. 56, 4; so, si [[casus]] daretur, Tac. A. 1, 13; 11, 9: invadendae Armeniae, id. ib. 12, 50: pugnae, id. ib. 12, 28: [[bene]] gerendae rei, id. ib. 13, 36: casum adferre, Quint. 8, 4, 17.— Since the [[idea]] of [[suddenness]], unexpectedness, [[easily]] passes [[into]] [[that]] of [[hostility]], adverseness (cf. [[accido]], 4.), [[casus]] signifies,<br /> <b>2</b> Esp., an [[adverse]] [[event]], a [[misfortune]], [[mishap]], [[calamity]], = [[συμφορά]]: [[meum]] illum casum tam horribilem, tam gravem, tam repentinum, Cic. Sest. 24, 53; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 4: [[dolens]] civitatis casum, Sall. C. 40, 2; cf. id. J. 14, 22; 23, 2; Liv. 37, 17, 7; 23, 22, 3; Cat. 28, 11.—Of [[disease]]: si [[alius]] [[casus]] [[lecto]] te adfixit, Hor. S. 1, 1, 81; Ov. M. 4, 142; 14, 473; 15, 494: res [[minime]] in hujusmodi casu [[noxia]], in the [[earthquake]], Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, 2; id. Cons. ad Marc. 5, 3: urbis Trojanae, [[overthrow]], Verg. A. 1, 623.—Hence,<br /> <b>b</b> Euphemist. for [[death]]: Saturnini [[atque]] Gracchorum [[casus]], Caes. B. C. 1, 7: sui quemque [[casus]] per [[quinquennium]] absumpsissent, Liv. 23, 22, 3; Sall. J. 73, 1; Hor. S. 2, 5, 49; Suet. Aug. 65; cf. id. Caes. 89; id. Calig. 10.—<br /> <b>D</b> In gram. t. t., a [[case]] in the [[inflection]] of words: [[propter]] eorum qui dicunt, sunt declinati [[casus]], uti is qui de altero diceret, distinguere posset, [[quom]] vocaret, etc., Varr. L. L. 8, § 16 Müll.: [[casus]] dicimus... et vocabulorum formas, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 11 ib.: ea (verba) sic et casibus et temporibus et genere et [[numero]] conservemus, ut, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 40: [[barbari]] [[casus]]... [[casus]] [[rectus]], id. Or. 48, 160; Quint. 1, 5, 61: obliqui, id. 1, 6, 22: nominativo, dativo, ablativo, id. 7, 9, 13: genitivo, id. 1, 5, 62: [[Latinus]], [[sextus]], i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.: conversi, i. e. obliqui, Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64: interrogandi (i. e. [[genetivus]]), Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 26 Hertz: vocandi, id. ib.: [[septimus]], Quint. 1, 4, 26. | ||
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|gf=<b>cāsŭs</b>,⁷ ūs, m. ([[cado]]), action de tomber<br /><b>1</b> chute : [[casus]], [[ictus]] extimescere Cic. Nat. 2, 59, redouter les chutes, les coups ; [[nivis]] [[casus]] Liv. 21, 35, 6, chute de neige || [fig.] ne [[quis]] ex nostro casu hanc vitæ viam pertimescat Cic. Sest. 140, pour que l’exemple de ma chute ne fasse craindre à personne d’aborder [[cette]] ligne de conduite politique || chute, fin : extremæ [[sub]] casum hiemis Virg. G. 1, 340, sur la fin de l’hiver ; [[casus]] urbis Trojanæ Virg. En. 1, 623, la chute de Troie ; de casu [[Sabini]] et Cottæ Cæs. G. 5, 52, 4, sur la fin de [[Sabinus]] et de [[Cotta]], cf. C. 1, 7, 5 ; Sall. J. 73, 1<br /><b>2</b> arrivée fortuite de qqch. : quarum rerum omnium nostris navibus [[casus]] erat extimescendus Cæs. G. 3, 13, 9, l’arrivée (la rencontre) de tous ces accidents était à craindre pour [[nos]] navires ; ætas [[illa]] [[multo]] [[plures]] [[quam]] nostra [[casus]] mortis habet Cic. CM 67, cet âge-là a beaucoup [[plus]] de cas (chances) de mort que le nôtre ; ad omnes [[casus]] subitorum periculorum [[objectus]] Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 3, exposé à toute sorte d’arrivées de dangers soudains (à l’arrivée de [[mille]] dangers soudains); [[non]] [[est]] sapientiæ tuæ ferre immoderatius casum incommodorum tuorum Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 5, il n’[[est]] pas [[digne]] de ta sagesse de supporter sans modération le malheur qui t’[[est]] arrivé<br /><b>3</b> ce qui arrive, accident, conjoncture, circonstance, occasion : [[novi]] [[casus]] temporum Cic. Pomp. 60, nouvelles conjonctures correspondant aux circonstances ; sæpe in [[bello]] parvis momentis [[magni]] [[casus]] intercedunt Cæs. C. 1, 21, 1, souvent dans une guerre sous de petites influences surviennent de grandes vicissitudes ; communem cum reliquis belli casum sustinere Cæs. G. 5, 30, 3, supporter avec tous les autres les hasards communs de la guerre ; [[propter]] casum navigandi Cic. Att. 6, 1, 9, à cause des hasards de la navigation || hasard : videte qui Stheni causam [[casus]] adjuverit Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 98, voyez quelle circonstance fortuite a secondé la cause de Sthénius ; [[neque]] ad [[consilium]] [[casus]] admittitur Cic. Marc. 7, ni le hasard ne trouve accès aux côtés de la prudence, cf. Planc. 35 ; Div. 2, 85 ; Par. 52 ; virtute, [[non]] casu [[gesta]] Cic. Cat. 3, 29, choses accomplies par l’énergie personnelle et [[non]] par le hasard ; cæco casu Cic. Div. 2, 15, par un hasard aveugle || abl. casu [employé comme adv.], par hasard, accidentellement : Cic. Nat. 2, 141 ; Div. 1, 125, etc. || arrivée heureuse de qqch., occasion, bonne fortune, chance : casum victoriæ invenire Sall. J. 25, 9, trouver l’occasion d’une victoire ; fortunam illis præclari facinoris casum dare Sall. J. 56, 4, que la fortune leur donnait l’occasion d’un bel exploit || heureux événement : Cæs. C. 3, 51, 5<br /><b>4</b> [en part.] accident fâcheux, malheur : [[eumdem]] casum ferre Cæs. G. 3, 22, 2, supporter le même malheur ; casum amici reique publicæ lugere Cic. Sest. 29, pleurer le sort malheureux d’un [[ami]] et de l’État ; [[longe]] prospicere futuros [[casus]] [[rei]] publicæ Cic. Læl. 40, prévoir de loin les malheurs qui menacent l’État ; casu civitatis Gomphensis cognito Cæs. C. 3, 81, 1, ayant appris le sort de la ville de [[Gomphi]]<br /><b>5</b> [gramm.] cas : [[sive]] [[casus]] habent (verba) in exitu similes Cic. Or. 165, soit que (les mots) aient des désinences casuelles semblables ; in barbaris casibus Cic. Or. 160, dans les cas d’un mot latin || [[casus]] [[rectus]], nominatif : Cic. Or. 160 ; [[Varro]] L. 5, 4 ; 7, 33 [en parl. du verbe, 1<sup>re</sup> pers. : [[Varro]] L. 9, 103 ], ou [[casus]] nominandi [[Varro]] L. 8, 42, ou [[nominativus]] [[Varro]] L. 10, 23 || [[sextus]] [[casus]] [[Varro]] L. 10, 62, ablatif. orthogr. [[cassus]] au temps de Cic., d’après Quint. 1, 7, 20. | |||
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Revision as of 06:39, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
cāsus: (Ciceronis temporibus paulumque infra s geminabatur: cassus, etc., Quint. 1, 7, 20; cf.: causa, Juppiter al.; in inscr. also KASVS), ūs (dat. casu, Nep. Alcib. 6, 4), m. cado.
I Lit., a falling (acc. to cado, I. A. and C.).
A A falling down, etc.: stillicidi, Lucr. 1, 313: geli, id. 5, 205: nivis, Liv. 21, 35, 6: fulminum, Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; Ov. M. 8, 259: celsae graviore casu Decidunt turres, Hor. C. 2, 10, 10.—In plur., Lucr. 2, 231.—
B A fall, an overthrow, a throwing down: occumbunt multi letum praecipe casu, Enn. Ann. 391 Vahl.: eoque ictu me ad casum dari, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 44: casus, quo (infantes) in terram toties deferuntur, Quint. 1, 12, 10; Lucr. 5, 1333: vehiculi, Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 21 al.—In plur.: cum loci Inciperent casus, i. e. the fall, destruction (by an earthquake), Ov. M. 8, 714.—
II Trop.
A Of time, the end: extremae sub casum hiemis, Verg. G. 1, 340.—
B A moral fall, a false step, an error, fall: multas vias adulescentiae lubricas ostendit (natura), quibus illa insistere, aut ingredi sine casu aliquo ac prolapsione vix posset, Cic. Cael. 17, 41.—So of a political fall, Cic. Sest. 67, 140.—
2 Esp., a fall or change from a higher to a lower condition: secum reputans quam gravis casus in servitium ex regno foret, Sall. J. 62, 9.—
C That which turns out or happens unexpectedly, an occurrence, event, accident, chance, misfortune, emergency (this most freq. in sing. and plur.): quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? etc., Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15: quis iste tantus casus? unde tam felix concursus atomorum? cf. id. N. D. 1, 32, 90: novi casus temporum, id. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60: quod consilium etsi in ejusmodi casu reprehendendum non est, tamen incommode accidit, such an emergency, Caes. B. G. 5, 33: quod in ejusmodi casu accidit, periti ignaris parebant, Curt. 4, 3, 18; 10, 5, 8; Quint. 6, 2, 34; Tac. A. 2, 47; Liv. 24, 2, 11; 38, 8, 5: potest igitur veritatem casus imitari, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 49: quis tantam Rutulis laudem, casusne deusne, Attulerit, Verg. A. 12, 321: sive illud deorum munus sive casus fuit, Curt. 4, 7, 13: quae casus obtulerat, in sapientiam vertenda ratus, Tac. A. 1, 29: ut quemque casus armaverat, Sall. C. 56, 3: si quos locus aut casus conjunxerat, id. J. 97 fin.: in aleam tanti casus se regnumque dare, Liv. 42, 50, 2: ludibrium casūs, id. 30, 30, 5: casum potius quam consilium sequatur, Quint. 7, prooem. § 3: parata ad omnes casus eloquentia, id. 10, 1, 2: bellorum, Tac. A. 1, 61: satis jam eventuum, satis casuum, id. ib. 2, 26: adversi, secundi, Nep. Dat. 5, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 25; id. Oth. 9: magnus, Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 3: mirificus, Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2: mirabiles, Nep. Timol. 5, 1: rariores, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 19: dubii, Cat. 64, 216; Hor. S. 2, 2, 108: varii, Verg. A. 1, 204: subiti repentinique, Suet. Aug. 73.—Hence, in abl.: casu, adverbially, by chance, casually, by accident, accidentally: quod si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem, quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortunā putemus? Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18: id evenit non temere nec casu, id. N. D. 2, 2, 6: sive casu sive consilio deorum, Caes. B. G. 1, 12; cf. Suet. Claud. 13: necessitate an casu, Quint. 3, 6, 26: casu an persuasu et inductu, id. 5, 10, 69: casu an manibus impeditus, Tac. A. 1, 13: accidit casu ut legati, etc., Nep. Hann. 12, 1; cf. Hor. S. 1, 6, 53; 1, 9, 36; id. Ep. 1, 19, 18; Ov. M. 5, 118; 6, 359; 7, 84 et saep.—Hence, also,
b A chance, an occasion, opportunity for something (esp. freq. in Sall. and Tac.): aetas illa multo pluris quam nostra casus mortis habet, Cic. Sen. 19, 67; cf.: mortis durae casus, Verg. A. 10, 791: aut vi aut dolis sese casum victoriae inventurum, Sall. J. 25, 9: praeclari facinoris casum dare, id. ib. 56, 4; so, si casus daretur, Tac. A. 1, 13; 11, 9: invadendae Armeniae, id. ib. 12, 50: pugnae, id. ib. 12, 28: bene gerendae rei, id. ib. 13, 36: casum adferre, Quint. 8, 4, 17.— Since the idea of suddenness, unexpectedness, easily passes into that of hostility, adverseness (cf. accido, 4.), casus signifies,
2 Esp., an adverse event, a misfortune, mishap, calamity, = συμφορά: meum illum casum tam horribilem, tam gravem, tam repentinum, Cic. Sest. 24, 53; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 4: dolens civitatis casum, Sall. C. 40, 2; cf. id. J. 14, 22; 23, 2; Liv. 37, 17, 7; 23, 22, 3; Cat. 28, 11.—Of disease: si alius casus lecto te adfixit, Hor. S. 1, 1, 81; Ov. M. 4, 142; 14, 473; 15, 494: res minime in hujusmodi casu noxia, in the earthquake, Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, 2; id. Cons. ad Marc. 5, 3: urbis Trojanae, overthrow, Verg. A. 1, 623.—Hence,
b Euphemist. for death: Saturnini atque Gracchorum casus, Caes. B. C. 1, 7: sui quemque casus per quinquennium absumpsissent, Liv. 23, 22, 3; Sall. J. 73, 1; Hor. S. 2, 5, 49; Suet. Aug. 65; cf. id. Caes. 89; id. Calig. 10.—
D In gram. t. t., a case in the inflection of words: propter eorum qui dicunt, sunt declinati casus, uti is qui de altero diceret, distinguere posset, quom vocaret, etc., Varr. L. L. 8, § 16 Müll.: casus dicimus... et vocabulorum formas, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 11 ib.: ea (verba) sic et casibus et temporibus et genere et numero conservemus, ut, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 40: barbari casus... casus rectus, id. Or. 48, 160; Quint. 1, 5, 61: obliqui, id. 1, 6, 22: nominativo, dativo, ablativo, id. 7, 9, 13: genitivo, id. 1, 5, 62: Latinus, sextus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.: conversi, i. e. obliqui, Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64: interrogandi (i. e. genetivus), Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 26 Hertz: vocandi, id. ib.: septimus, Quint. 1, 4, 26.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
cāsŭs,⁷ ūs, m. (cado), action de tomber
1 chute : casus, ictus extimescere Cic. Nat. 2, 59, redouter les chutes, les coups ; nivis casus Liv. 21, 35, 6, chute de neige
