ἀρχός: Difference between revisions
Τὸ νικᾶν αὐτὸν αὑτὸν πασῶν νικῶν πρώτη τε καὶ ἀρίστη. Τὸ δὲ ἡττᾶσθαι αὐτὸν ὑφ' ἑαυτοῦ πάντων αἴσχιστόν τε ἅμα καὶ κάκιστον. → Τo conquer yourself is the first and best victory of all, while to be conquered by yourself is of all the most shameful as well as evil
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|Transliteration C=archos | |Transliteration C=archos | ||
|Beta Code=a)rxo/s | |Beta Code=a)rxo/s | ||
|Definition=ὁ, < | |Definition=ὁ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[leader]], [[chief]], εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς ἀνήρ Il.1.144: c. gen., νηῶν 2.493; οἰωνῶν Pi.''P.''1.7; [[ruler]], Τειχιούσσης ''SIG''3d (Milet., vi B. C.); [[πόλεως]] (opp. [[ἔτης]]), prob. in E.''Fr.''1014.<br><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἄρχων]], ''IG''7.3301, al.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἀρχὸς ἑῴας]] = [[dux Orientis]], [[magister militum per Orientem]], ib.14.1073 (iv A. D.).<br><span class="bld">4</span> of a [[god]], ''SIG''56.26 (Argos, v B. C.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> the [[rectum]], Hp.''Aph.''5.58, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''507a33, ''Theol.Ar.''51.<br><span class="bld">2</span> the [[anus]], Hp.''Haem.''2, ''Epid.''5.20. | ||
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{{DGE | {{DGE | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0366.png Seite 366]] ὁ, 1) der Anführer, oft bei Hom., z. B. Iliad. 1, 144. 311. 2, 493. 541. 618 Od. 4, 629. 653. 8, 162. 391. 10, 204. 21, 187; ἵππων, οἰωνῶν Pind. Ol. 7, 71 P. 1, 7; Tragg.; nach Dion. Hal. 5, 74 bes. bei den Thessaliern üblich. – 2) der After, Arist. H. A. 2, 17. | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0366.png Seite 366]] ὁ, 1) der Anführer, oft bei Hom., z. B. Iliad. 1, 144. 311. 2, 493. 541. 618 Od. 4, 629. 653. 8, 162. 391. 10, 204. 21, 187; ἵππων, οἰωνῶν Pind. Ol. 7, 71 P. 1, 7; Tragg.; nach Dion. Hal. 5, 74 bes. bei den Thessaliern üblich. – 2) der After, Arist. H. A. 2, 17. | ||
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{{bailly | |||
|btext=οῦ (ὁ) :<br /><b>1</b> [[guide]];<br /><b>2</b> [[chef]] ; qui est le premier, le plus puissant.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἄρχω]]. | |||
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{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''ἀρχός:''' ὁ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[предводитель]], [[начальник]], [[вождь]], Hom., Pind.; вожак (αἰετὸς ἀ. οἰωνῶν Pind.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[анальное отверстие]] (ἡ [[ἔξοδος]] τῆς τροφῆς καὶ ὁ ἀ. Arst.). | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{ls | {{ls | ||
|lstext='''ἀρχός''': ὁ, [[ἀρχηγός]], ἄρχων, [[ἡγεμών]], [[κυβερνήτης]], εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς [[ἀνήρ]] [[βουληφόρος]] ἔστω Ἰλ. Α. 144· μετὰ γεν. ἀρχούς αὖ [[νηῶν]] [[ἐρέω]] νῆάς τε προπάσας Β. 493, κτλ. Πινδ. ΙΙ. 1. 13, κτλ. ΙΙ. τὸ ὀρθὸν [[ἔντερον]], ἐπὶ ἀρχῷ φλεγμαίνοντι καὶ ὑστέρῃ φλεγμαινούσῃ Ἱππ. Ἀφ. 1255, Ἀριστ. Ἱστ. Ζ. 2. 17, 7 κ. ἄλλ. | |lstext='''ἀρχός''': ὁ, [[ἀρχηγός]], ἄρχων, [[ἡγεμών]], [[κυβερνήτης]], εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς [[ἀνήρ]] [[βουληφόρος]] ἔστω Ἰλ. Α. 144· μετὰ γεν. ἀρχούς αὖ [[νηῶν]] [[ἐρέω]] νῆάς τε προπάσας Β. 493, κτλ. Πινδ. ΙΙ. 1. 13, κτλ. ΙΙ. τὸ ὀρθὸν [[ἔντερον]], ἐπὶ ἀρχῷ φλεγμαίνοντι καὶ ὑστέρῃ φλεγμαινούσῃ Ἱππ. Ἀφ. 1255, Ἀριστ. Ἱστ. Ζ. 2. 17, 7 κ. ἄλλ. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Autenrieth | {{Autenrieth | ||
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{{Slater | {{Slater | ||
|sltr=[[ἀρχός]] [[leader]], [[ruler]] αἰετὸς ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν (P. 1.7) [[οἷα]] Συρακοσίων ἀρχῷ δαμασθέντες πάθον i. e. Hieron (P. 1.73) ἀρχὸς ἐν πρύμνᾳ [[Jason]] (P. 4.194) ἀρχοὶ δ' [[οὐκ]] ἔτ [[ἔσαν]] Ταλαοῦ παῖδες sc. | |sltr=[[ἀρχός]] [[leader]], [[ruler]] αἰετὸς ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν (P. 1.7) [[οἷα]] Συρακοσίων ἀρχῷ δαμασθέντες πάθον i. e. Hieron (P. 1.73) ἀρχὸς ἐν πρύμνᾳ [[Jason]] (P. 4.194) ἀρχοὶ δ' [[οὐκ]] ἔτ [[ἔσαν]] Ταλαοῦ παῖδες ''[[sc.]]'' τοῦ Ἄργους (N. 9.14) ἀρχὸν οἰωνῶν μέγαν αἰετόν (I. 6.50) ὁ [[γενέθλιος]] ἀκτίνων [[πατήρ]], [[πῦρ]] πνεόντων ἀρχὸς ἵππων [[master]] ''[[sc.]]'' Helios (O. 7.71) | ||
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{{grml | {{grml | ||
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{{lsm | {{lsm | ||
|lsmtext='''ἀρχός:''' ὁ, [[οδηγός]], [[αρχηγός]], [[ηγέτης]], επικεφαλής, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ. | |lsmtext='''ἀρχός:''' ὁ, [[οδηγός]], [[αρχηγός]], [[ηγέτης]], επικεφαλής, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
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{{trml | {{trml | ||
|trtx====ruler=== | |trtx====[[ruler]]=== | ||
Afrikaans: heerser; Albanian: sundimtar; Arabic: حَاكِم; Egyptian Arabic: حاكم; Armenian: տիրակալ; Azerbaijani: hökmdar, hakim, hökmran; Bashkir: батша, хаким; Belarusian: праві́цель; Bengali: শাসক; Bulgarian: властелин, господар, владетел; Burmese: အုပ်ချုပ်သောသူ; Catalan: líder, governant; Cherokee: ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ; Chinese Mandarin: 統治者, 统治者; Czech: vládce; Danish: hersker; Dutch: [[heerser]]; Esperanto: regnestro; Estonian: riigivalitseja; Finnish: hallitsija; French: [[dirigeant]], [[chef]]; Georgian: მმართველი; German: [[Herrscher]]; Gothic: 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃; Greek: [[κυβερνήτης]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄρχων]], [[ἡγεμών]], [[ἀρχός]]; Haitian Creole: chèf; Hebrew: מַנְהִיג, שַׁלִּיט; Hindi: शासक; Hungarian: uralkodó; Indonesian: penguasa; Irish: rialtóir; Italian: [[sovrano]]; Japanese: 支配者, 知事, 統治者; Javanese: ratu; Kikuyu: mũthamaki Korean: 통치자(統治者); Kyrgyz: бий; Latgalian: vaļdinīks; Latin: [[tyrannus]]; Latvian: valdnieks; Lithuanian: valdovas; Macedonian: владетел; Malay: penguasa, pemerintah; Middle English: reuler, senyour; Mongolian Cyrillic: захирагч; Nahuatl: tecutli; Norwegian Bokmål: hersker, makthaver; Nynorsk: herskar, makthavar; Old Prussian: rikīs; Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣; Persian: حاکم, حکمران; Polish: władca; Portuguese: [[governante]]; Romanian: guvernant, domnitor; Russian: [[правитель]], [[властелин]], [[властитель]], [[государь]]; Sanskrit: अधिप; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: вла̀да̄р, во̏ђа; Roman: vlàdār, vȍđa; Slovak: vládca; Spanish: [[gobernante]]; Swedish: härskare, ledare; Tagalog: naghahari; Tajik: ҳоким; Telugu: అధికారి; Tocharian B: kamartīke; Turkish: hükümdar; Ukrainian: правитель | Afrikaans: heerser; Albanian: sundimtar; Arabic: حَاكِم; Egyptian Arabic: حاكم; Armenian: տիրակալ; Azerbaijani: hökmdar, hakim, hökmran; Bashkir: батша, хаким; Belarusian: праві́цель; Bengali: শাসক; Bulgarian: властелин, господар, владетел; Burmese: အုပ်ချုပ်သောသူ; Catalan: líder, governant; Cherokee: ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ; Chinese Mandarin: 統治者, 统治者; Czech: vládce; Danish: hersker; Dutch: [[heerser]]; Esperanto: regnestro; Estonian: riigivalitseja; Finnish: hallitsija; French: [[dirigeant]], [[chef]]; Georgian: მმართველი; German: [[Herrscher]]; Gothic: 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃; Greek: [[κυβερνήτης]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄρχων]], [[ἡγεμών]], [[ἀρχός]]; Haitian Creole: chèf; Hebrew: מַנְהִיג, שַׁלִּיט; Hindi: शासक; Hungarian: uralkodó; Indonesian: penguasa; Irish: rialtóir; Italian: [[sovrano]]; Japanese: 支配者, 知事, 統治者; Javanese: ratu; Kikuyu: mũthamaki Korean: 통치자(統治者); Kyrgyz: бий; Latgalian: vaļdinīks; Latin: [[tyrannus]]; Latvian: valdnieks; Lithuanian: valdovas; Macedonian: владетел; Malay: penguasa, pemerintah; Middle English: reuler, senyour; Mongolian Cyrillic: захирагч; Nahuatl: tecutli; Norwegian Bokmål: hersker, makthaver; Nynorsk: herskar, makthavar; Old Prussian: rikīs; Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣; Persian: حاکم, حکمران; Polish: władca; Portuguese: [[governante]]; Romanian: guvernant, domnitor; Russian: [[правитель]], [[властелин]], [[властитель]], [[государь]]; Sanskrit: अधिप; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: вла̀да̄р, во̏ђа; Roman: vlàdār, vȍđa; Slovak: vládca; Spanish: [[gobernante]]; Swedish: härskare, ledare; Tagalog: naghahari; Tajik: ҳоким; Telugu: అధికారి; Tocharian B: kamartīke; Turkish: hükümdar; Ukrainian: правитель | ||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:45, 24 November 2023
English (LSJ)
ὁ,
A leader, chief, εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς ἀνήρ Il.1.144: c. gen., νηῶν 2.493; οἰωνῶν Pi.P.1.7; ruler, Τειχιούσσης SIG3d (Milet., vi B. C.); πόλεως (opp. ἔτης), prob. in E.Fr.1014.
2 = ἄρχων, IG7.3301, al.
3 ἀρχὸς ἑῴας = dux Orientis, magister militum per Orientem, ib.14.1073 (iv A. D.).
4 of a god, SIG56.26 (Argos, v B. C.).
II the rectum, Hp.Aph.5.58, Arist.HA507a33, Theol.Ar.51.
2 the anus, Hp.Haem.2, Epid.5.20.
Spanish (DGE)
-οῦ, ὁ
• Morfología: [dór. beoc. gen. ἀρχῶ ICr.4.250.3 (I a.C.), IG 7.3301 (Queronea II a.C.)]
I 1jefe, príncipe, caudillo gener. c. gen. de gentilicios Σαρπηδών τ' ἀ. Λυκίων Il.14.426, Ἀθηναίων Il.13.196, 15.337, Ἀβάντων Il.4.464, Hes.Fr.204.53, cf. Il.5.39, 577, 2.846, 15.516, 519, 2.618, Ἀχαιῶν Od.4.496, Συρακοσίων de Hierón, Pi.P.1.73
•ἀρχοὺς αὖ νηῶν ἐρέω en el catálogo de las naves Il.2.493, de grupos o partidas ἐπικούρων Il.5.491, μνηστήρων Od.4.629, ἀρχὸς φηλητέων cabecilla de ladrones, h.Merc.292
•abs. πόθεόν γε μὲν ἀρχόν Il.2.703, 726, cf. 234, ἀ. εὖ μαθὼν ἄκοντι Archil.191bis, cf. A.A.125
•pred. εἷς δέ τις ἀ. ἀνὴρ βουληφόρος ἔστω Il.1.144, cf. 311, Od.4.653, 10.204, δώδεκα γὰρ κατὰ δῆμον ... βασιλῆες ἀρχοὶ κραίνουσι Od.8.391
•de dioses πῦρ πνεόντων ἀ. ἵππων de Helios, Pi.O.7.71, ἀρχὸν φίλον de Faetonte, E.Fr.239D., ἀ. Ὀλύμπου de Zeus, Nonn.D.7.119
•fig. de anim. ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν del águila príncipe de las aves, Pi.P.1.7, I.6.50
•c. juego de palabras sobre ἀρχός II Epich.6.
2 capitán, patrón de nave ἀ. ναυτάων Od.8.162, ἀ. ἐν πρύμνᾳ de Jasón, Pi.P.4.194, abs. h.Hom.7.25, 51.
3 en las ciudad jefe, magistrado c. cargo político importante ἀ. Τειχιόσης Didyma 6 (Mileto VI a.C.), ἀ. καὶ Ϝοικιάται SEG 26.449.6 (Epidauro V a.C.), cf. CID 1.9D.26 (Delfos IV a.C.), IChS 2.1 (Pafos IV a.C.), IG 7.3301 (Queronea II a.C.), Κύδαντος κρητάρχα καὶ ἀρχῶ ICr.4.250.3 (I a.C.)
•en el imperio romano tardío ἀρχὸς ἑώιας tal vez dux Orientis, IG 14.1073 (IV d.C.).
II culo καὶ τὸν ἀρχὸν ἐπικαλύψας ἐπιπλόῳ (c. juego de palabras sobre ἀρχός I 1) Epich.6
•medic. y anat. intestino, recto κύστις τε γὰρ καὶ γοναὶ καὶ ἀρχοῦ τὸ χαλαρὸν ἐν τούτῳ ἔκτισται en ese sitio se alojan (en la última curvatura de la espina dorsal) la vejiga, los órganos de la generación y la parte elástica del recto Hp.Art.45, cf. Aph.5.58, Liqu.6, Theol.Ar.51, Clem.Al.Paed.2.10.92
•ano τελευτῶσι δὲ ἐς τὸν ἀρχόν de ciertas venas, Hp.Nat.Hom.11, Haem.2, Epid.5.20, en la anat. animal πρὸς τὴν ἔξοδον τῆς τροφῆς καὶ τὸν καλούμενον ἀρχόν Arist.HA 507a33, cf. PA 675b10, GA 773a28, Pr.876b15.
• Etimología: La forma ἀρχός ‘culo’ se ha rel. c. gr. ὄρρος de una raíz *H3er- y het. arra- ‘ano’ en cuyo caso no sería euf. de ‘jefe’.
German (Pape)
[Seite 366] ὁ, 1) der Anführer, oft bei Hom., z. B. Iliad. 1, 144. 311. 2, 493. 541. 618 Od. 4, 629. 653. 8, 162. 391. 10, 204. 21, 187; ἵππων, οἰωνῶν Pind. Ol. 7, 71 P. 1, 7; Tragg.; nach Dion. Hal. 5, 74 bes. bei den Thessaliern üblich. – 2) der After, Arist. H. A. 2, 17.
French (Bailly abrégé)
οῦ (ὁ) :
1 guide;
2 chef ; qui est le premier, le plus puissant.
Étymologie: ἄρχω.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἀρχός: ὁ
1 предводитель, начальник, вождь, Hom., Pind.; вожак (αἰετὸς ἀ. οἰωνῶν Pind.);
2 анальное отверстие (ἡ ἔξοδος τῆς τροφῆς καὶ ὁ ἀ. Arst.).
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἀρχός: ὁ, ἀρχηγός, ἄρχων, ἡγεμών, κυβερνήτης, εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς ἀνήρ βουληφόρος ἔστω Ἰλ. Α. 144· μετὰ γεν. ἀρχούς αὖ νηῶν ἐρέω νῆάς τε προπάσας Β. 493, κτλ. Πινδ. ΙΙ. 1. 13, κτλ. ΙΙ. τὸ ὀρθὸν ἔντερον, ἐπὶ ἀρχῷ φλεγμαίνοντι καὶ ὑστέρῃ φλεγμαινούσῃ Ἱππ. Ἀφ. 1255, Ἀριστ. Ἱστ. Ζ. 2. 17, 7 κ. ἄλλ.
English (Autenrieth)
English (Slater)
ἀρχός leader, ruler αἰετὸς ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν (P. 1.7) οἷα Συρακοσίων ἀρχῷ δαμασθέντες πάθον i. e. Hieron (P. 1.73) ἀρχὸς ἐν πρύμνᾳ Jason (P. 4.194) ἀρχοὶ δ' οὐκ ἔτ ἔσαν Ταλαοῦ παῖδες sc. τοῦ Ἄργους (N. 9.14) ἀρχὸν οἰωνῶν μέγαν αἰετόν (I. 6.50) ὁ γενέθλιος ἀκτίνων πατήρ, πῦρ πνεόντων ἀρχὸς ἵππων master sc. Helios (O. 7.71)
Greek Monolingual
ο
1. ο επικεφαλής, ο αρχηγός
2. ο άρχοντας, ο ευγενής.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < άρχων, με μεταπλασμό (πρβλ. γέρων > γέρος, δράκων > δράκος, Χάρων > Χάρος)].
ο ο (Α ἀρχός)
το ορθό έντερον
αρχ.
ο αρχηγός, ο στρατηγός.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < άρχω. Ο τ. απαντά στον Όμηρο και στον Πίνδαρο για να χαρακτηρίσει «τον αρχηγό», ενώ ο Ιπποκράτης και ο Αριστοτέλης τον χρησιμοποιούν για να δηλώσουν «τον πρωκτό, τον δακτύλιο» (πρβλ. όρρος], πιθ. κατ' ευφημισμό, υποδηλώνοντας την έννοια «της απαρχής, του θεμελίου»].
Greek Monotonic
ἀρχός: ὁ, οδηγός, αρχηγός, ηγέτης, επικεφαλής, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.
Frisk Etymological English
1. See also: ἄρχω
2.
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: rectum, anus (Hp.).
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: Unknown. Or = 1. ἀρχός, jokingly? - Froehde BB 21, 325 and Specht Ursprung 238 (cf. also 254) think of connection with ὄρρος, what Frisk calls "ganz willkürlich".
Middle Liddell
a leader, chief, commander, Il.
Frisk Etymology German
ἀρχός: 1.
{arkhós}
Etymology: Verbalnomen von ἄρχω, s. d.
Page 1,158
2.
{arkhós}
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Mastdarm, After (Hp., Arist.).
Etymology: Etymologie unbekannt. Oder einfach = 1. ἀρχός als scherzhafte Ironie in euphemistischer Absicht? — Verfehlt Prellwitz KZ 47, 295, s. WP. 1, 143. Nach Froehde BB 21, 325 und Specht Ursprung 238 (vgl. auch 254) Nebenform zu ὄρρος; ganz willkürlich.
Page 1,158-159
Translations
ruler
Afrikaans: heerser; Albanian: sundimtar; Arabic: حَاكِم; Egyptian Arabic: حاكم; Armenian: տիրակալ; Azerbaijani: hökmdar, hakim, hökmran; Bashkir: батша, хаким; Belarusian: праві́цель; Bengali: শাসক; Bulgarian: властелин, господар, владетел; Burmese: အုပ်ချုပ်သောသူ; Catalan: líder, governant; Cherokee: ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ; Chinese Mandarin: 統治者, 统治者; Czech: vládce; Danish: hersker; Dutch: heerser; Esperanto: regnestro; Estonian: riigivalitseja; Finnish: hallitsija; French: dirigeant, chef; Georgian: მმართველი; German: Herrscher; Gothic: 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃; Greek: κυβερνήτης; Ancient Greek: ἄρχων, ἡγεμών, ἀρχός; Haitian Creole: chèf; Hebrew: מַנְהִיג, שַׁלִּיט; Hindi: शासक; Hungarian: uralkodó; Indonesian: penguasa; Irish: rialtóir; Italian: sovrano; Japanese: 支配者, 知事, 統治者; Javanese: ratu; Kikuyu: mũthamaki Korean: 통치자(統治者); Kyrgyz: бий; Latgalian: vaļdinīks; Latin: tyrannus; Latvian: valdnieks; Lithuanian: valdovas; Macedonian: владетел; Malay: penguasa, pemerintah; Middle English: reuler, senyour; Mongolian Cyrillic: захирагч; Nahuatl: tecutli; Norwegian Bokmål: hersker, makthaver; Nynorsk: herskar, makthavar; Old Prussian: rikīs; Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣; Persian: حاکم, حکمران; Polish: władca; Portuguese: governante; Romanian: guvernant, domnitor; Russian: правитель, властелин, властитель, государь; Sanskrit: अधिप; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: вла̀да̄р, во̏ђа; Roman: vlàdār, vȍđa; Slovak: vládca; Spanish: gobernante; Swedish: härskare, ledare; Tagalog: naghahari; Tajik: ҳоким; Telugu: అధికారి; Tocharian B: kamartīke; Turkish: hükümdar; Ukrainian: правитель
