stimulus: Difference between revisions
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{{Woodhouse1 | {{Woodhouse1 | ||
|Text=[[File: | |Text=[[File:p2.png|right|Woodhouse page for {{PAGENAME}} - Opens in new window|link={{filepath:woodhouse_817.jpg}}]] | ||
===adjective=== | |||
P. and V. [[κέντρον]], τό; see [[encouragement]]. | [[prose|P.]] and [[verse|V.]] [[κέντρον]], τό; see [[encouragement]]. | ||
}} | |||
{{LaEn | |||
|lnetxt=stimulus stimuli N M :: spur/goad; trap/spike in earth; prick/sting/cause of torment/torture instrument | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>stĭmŭlus</b>: i, m. for stig-[[mulus]], from the [[root]] stig; Gr. [[στίζω]]; v. [[stilus]].<br /><b>I</b> A [[goad]] for [[driving]] [[cattle]], slaves, etc. ([[class]]., esp. in the trop. [[sense]]).<br /> <b>A</b> Lit.: jam [[lora]] [[teneo]], jam stimulum in manu: Agite equi, etc., Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 112: [[parce]], [[puer]], stimulis, et fortius utere loris, Ov. M. 2, 127: aut [[stimulo]] tardos increpuisse boves, Tib. 1, 1, 30 (12); cf. Ov. M. 14, 647: ita te forabunt patibulatum per vias Stimulis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 54: aliquem [[stimulo]] fodere, id. Curc. 1, 2, 40: dum te stimulis fodiam, Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86: [[numquam]] [[stimulo]] lacessat juvencum, Col. 2, 2, 26.—As a [[term]] of [[abuse]] of slaves: stimulorum [[seges]], Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 6; cf. id. Cas. 2, 8, 11: stimulorum [[tritor]], id. Pers. 5, 2, 17.—Prov.: si stimulos pugnis caedis, manibus [[plus]] dolet, i. e. an [[evil]] is aggravated by [[foolish]] [[opposition]], Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 55; cf.: [[advorsum]] stimulum [[calces]], [[kick]] [[against]] the pricks, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 28.—<br /> <b>B</b> Trop., a [[goad]] (as in Engl., [[either]] [[that]] [[which]] vexes, irritates, torments, or, [[more]] freq., [[that]] [[which]] spurs on, incites, stimulates).<br /> <b>1</b> A [[sting]], [[torment]], [[pang]]: [[mens]] sibi conscia factis ... adhibet stimulos torretque flagellis, Lucr. 3, 1019; cf.: subesse caecum aliquem cordi stimulum, id. 3, 874: ne [[illa]] stimulum [[longum]] habet, quae [[usque]] [[illinc]] cor pungit [[meum]], Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 79: stimulos doloris contemnere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 66; cf.: (res malae) lacerant, vexant, stimulos admovent, etc., id. ib. 3, 16, 35: stimulos in pectore caecos Condidit, Ov. M. 1, 726.—<br /> <b>2</b> A [[spur]], [[incentive]], [[incitement]], [[stimulus]]: animum gloriae stimulis concitare, Cic. Arch. 11, 29: [[quidam]] industriae ac laboris ([[with]] illecebrae libidinum), id. Cael. 5, 12: [[quot]] stimulos admoverit homini victoriae studioso, id. Sest. 5, 12; cf.: defendendi Vatinii, id. Fam. 1, 9, 19: omnia pro stimulis facibusque ciboque furoris Accipit, Ov. M. 6, 480: ardet, et injusti stimulis agitatur amoris, id. F. 2, 779: non hostili [[modo]] [[odio]] sed amoris [[etiam]] stimulis, Liv. 30, 14, 1: ad hanc voluntatem ipsius naturae stimulis incitamur, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3: ad dicendum [[etiam]] [[pudor]] stimulos habet, Quint. 10, 7, 16: agrariae legis tribuniciis stimulis [[plebs]] furebat, Liv. 2, 54; cf.: acriores [[quippe]] aeris alieni stimulos esse, id. 6, 11: subdere stimulos [[animo]], id. 6, 34: in aliquem stimulis accendi, Tac. H. 3, 45; cf.: suis stimulis excitos Moesiae duces, id. ib. 3, 53: secundae res acrioribus stimulis animos explorant, id. ib. 1, 15: acres Subjectat [[lasso]] stimulos, Hor. S. 2, 7, 94: stimulos sub pectore vertit [[Apollo]], Verg. A. 6, 101: movere acres stimulos irarum, Luc. 2, 324: accensae stimulis majoribus irae, Stat. Th. 11, 497: [[dare]] stimulos laudum, id. Achill. 1, 203.—<br /><b>II</b> In milit. lang., a [[pointed]] [[stake]] [[concealed]] [[beneath]] the [[surface]] of the [[ground]], to [[repel]] [[hostile]] [[troops]] (syn.: sudes, [[stipes]]), Caes. B. G. 7, 73 fin.: se stimulis induere, id. ib. 7, 82. | |lshtext=<b>stĭmŭlus</b>: i, m. for stig-[[mulus]], from the [[root]] stig; Gr. [[στίζω]]; v. [[stilus]].<br /><b>I</b> A [[goad]] for [[driving]] [[cattle]], slaves, etc. ([[class]]., esp. in the trop. [[sense]]).<br /> <b>A</b> Lit.: jam [[lora]] [[teneo]], jam stimulum in manu: Agite equi, etc., Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 112: [[parce]], [[puer]], stimulis, et fortius utere loris, Ov. M. 2, 127: aut [[stimulo]] tardos increpuisse boves, Tib. 1, 1, 30 (12); cf. Ov. M. 14, 647: ita te forabunt patibulatum per vias Stimulis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 54: aliquem [[stimulo]] fodere, id. Curc. 1, 2, 40: dum te stimulis fodiam, Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86: [[numquam]] [[stimulo]] lacessat juvencum, Col. 2, 2, 26.—As a [[term]] of [[abuse]] of slaves: stimulorum [[seges]], Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 6; cf. id. Cas. 2, 8, 11: stimulorum [[tritor]], id. Pers. 5, 2, 17.—Prov.: si stimulos pugnis caedis, manibus [[plus]] dolet, i. e. an [[evil]] is aggravated by [[foolish]] [[opposition]], Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 55; cf.: [[advorsum]] stimulum [[calces]], [[kick]] [[against]] the pricks, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 28.—<br /> <b>B</b> Trop., a [[goad]] (as in Engl., [[either]] [[that]] [[which]] vexes, irritates, torments, or, [[more]] freq., [[that]] [[which]] spurs on, incites, stimulates).<br /> <b>1</b> A [[sting]], [[torment]], [[pang]]: [[mens]] sibi conscia factis ... adhibet stimulos torretque flagellis, Lucr. 3, 1019; cf.: subesse caecum aliquem cordi stimulum, id. 3, 874: ne [[illa]] stimulum [[longum]] habet, quae [[usque]] [[illinc]] cor pungit [[meum]], Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 79: stimulos doloris contemnere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 66; cf.: (res malae) lacerant, vexant, stimulos admovent, etc., id. ib. 3, 16, 35: stimulos in pectore caecos Condidit, Ov. M. 1, 726.—<br /> <b>2</b> A [[spur]], [[incentive]], [[incitement]], [[stimulus]]: animum gloriae stimulis concitare, Cic. Arch. 11, 29: [[quidam]] industriae ac laboris ([[with]] illecebrae libidinum), id. Cael. 5, 12: [[quot]] stimulos admoverit homini victoriae studioso, id. Sest. 5, 12; cf.: defendendi Vatinii, id. Fam. 1, 9, 19: omnia pro stimulis facibusque ciboque furoris Accipit, Ov. M. 6, 480: ardet, et injusti stimulis agitatur amoris, id. F. 2, 779: non hostili [[modo]] [[odio]] sed amoris [[etiam]] stimulis, Liv. 30, 14, 1: ad hanc voluntatem ipsius naturae stimulis incitamur, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3: ad dicendum [[etiam]] [[pudor]] stimulos habet, Quint. 10, 7, 16: agrariae legis tribuniciis stimulis [[plebs]] furebat, Liv. 2, 54; cf.: acriores [[quippe]] aeris alieni stimulos esse, id. 6, 11: subdere stimulos [[animo]], id. 6, 34: in aliquem stimulis accendi, Tac. H. 3, 45; cf.: suis stimulis excitos Moesiae duces, id. ib. 3, 53: secundae res acrioribus stimulis animos explorant, id. ib. 1, 15: acres Subjectat [[lasso]] stimulos, Hor. S. 2, 7, 94: stimulos sub pectore vertit [[Apollo]], Verg. A. 6, 101: movere acres stimulos irarum, Luc. 2, 324: accensae stimulis majoribus irae, Stat. Th. 11, 497: [[dare]] stimulos laudum, id. Achill. 1, 203.—<br /><b>II</b> In milit. lang., a [[pointed]] [[stake]] [[concealed]] [[beneath]] the [[surface]] of the [[ground]], to [[repel]] [[hostile]] [[troops]] (syn.: sudes, [[stipes]]), Caes. B. G. 7, 73 fin.: se stimulis induere, id. ib. 7, 82. | ||
}} | |||
{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>stĭmŭlus</b>,¹⁰ ī, m. (rac. stig, cf. [[στίζω]]),<br /><b>1</b> aiguillon [pour exciter les bêtes] : Tib. 1, 1, 30 ; Ov. M. 14, 647 ; aliquem fodere [[stimulo]] Pl. Curc. 130, ou stimulis Cic. Phil. 2, 86, piquer qqn de l’aiguillon = donner le fouet à qqn<br /><b>2</b> [fig.] <b> a)</b> = tourment, piqûre : Lucr. 3, 1019 ; stimulos doloris contemnere Cic. Tusc. 2, 66, mépriser l’aiguillon, les atteintes de la douleur, cf. Cic. Tusc. 3, 35 ; <b> b)</b> = stimulant, excitation, encouragement : animum gloriæ stimulis concitare Cic. Arch. 29, exciter l’âme avec l’aiguillon de la gloire, cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 3 ; stimulos admovere alicui Cic. Sest. 12, stimuler qqn ; defendendi Vatinii fuit [[etiam]] [[ille]] [[stimulus]]... Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 19, pour me faire prendre la défense de [[Vatinius]] il y avait encore cet aiguillon...<br /><b>3</b> sorte de chausse-trape : Cæs. G. 7, 73, 9 ; 7, 82, 1. | |||
}} | |||
{{Georges | |||
|georg=stimulus, ī, m. (vgl. īn-stīgo, [[στίζω]]), der [[Stachel]], I) [[als]] milit. t.t., stimuli, kleine Stäbe, [[oben]] [[mit]] einem eisernen [[Haken]] [[versehen]], eine [[Art]] Fußangeln, Caes. b.G. 7, 73, 9 (vgl. [[stilus]] no. I). – II) der [[Stachel]] zum Antreiben der Tiere, [[bes]]. der Pflugochsen, u. der Sklaven, der Treibstecken, Treibstachel, A) eig., Plaut. u. Plin.: dah. [[verächtlich]], [[dum]] te stimulis fodiam, Cic.: [[parce]] stimulis, [[unser]] »schone die [[Peitsche]]«, Ov. – Sprichw., s. [[caedono]]. I u. [[calcitro]] u. 1. [[calx]] no. I. – B) bildl., der [[Stachel]], a) der beunruhigende, quälende, der [[Stachel]] der [[Unruhe]], die [[Qual]], doloris, Cic.: amoris stimuli, v. der [[Eifersucht]], Liv. – b) der anregende, der [[Sporn]], der [[Antrieb]], animum stimulis gloriae concitare, Cic.: alci stimulos admovere, Cic., adicere, Ov.: ingenio stimulos subdere, Ov.: addit ad dicendum [[etiam]] [[pudor]] stimulos, [[auch]] das [[Ehrgefühl]] spornt [[uns]] zum [[Auftreten]] [[als]] [[Redner]] an, Quint.: [[tam]] praecipiti materna furori [[Pyrrhus]] [[origo]] dabat stimulos, [[schon]] [[früh]] wurde solche Verruchtheit [[durch]] den Gedanken genährt, daß seiner [[Erzeugerin]] Ahnhėrr [[Pyrrhus]] [[gewesen]], Sil. | |||
}} | |||
{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=stimulus, i. m. :: [[尖子]]。[[策]]。[[埋釘]]。[[心悲傷]]。[[囮]]。[[血氣]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:15, 12 June 2024
English > Greek (Woodhouse)
adjective
P. and V. κέντρον, τό; see encouragement.
Latin > English
stimulus stimuli N M :: spur/goad; trap/spike in earth; prick/sting/cause of torment/torture instrument
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
stĭmŭlus: i, m. for stig-mulus, from the root stig; Gr. στίζω; v. stilus.
I A goad for driving cattle, slaves, etc. (class., esp. in the trop. sense).
A Lit.: jam lora teneo, jam stimulum in manu: Agite equi, etc., Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 112: parce, puer, stimulis, et fortius utere loris, Ov. M. 2, 127: aut stimulo tardos increpuisse boves, Tib. 1, 1, 30 (12); cf. Ov. M. 14, 647: ita te forabunt patibulatum per vias Stimulis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 54: aliquem stimulo fodere, id. Curc. 1, 2, 40: dum te stimulis fodiam, Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86: numquam stimulo lacessat juvencum, Col. 2, 2, 26.—As a term of abuse of slaves: stimulorum seges, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 6; cf. id. Cas. 2, 8, 11: stimulorum tritor, id. Pers. 5, 2, 17.—Prov.: si stimulos pugnis caedis, manibus plus dolet, i. e. an evil is aggravated by foolish opposition, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 55; cf.: advorsum stimulum calces, kick against the pricks, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 28.—
B Trop., a goad (as in Engl., either that which vexes, irritates, torments, or, more freq., that which spurs on, incites, stimulates).
1 A sting, torment, pang: mens sibi conscia factis ... adhibet stimulos torretque flagellis, Lucr. 3, 1019; cf.: subesse caecum aliquem cordi stimulum, id. 3, 874: ne illa stimulum longum habet, quae usque illinc cor pungit meum, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 79: stimulos doloris contemnere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 66; cf.: (res malae) lacerant, vexant, stimulos admovent, etc., id. ib. 3, 16, 35: stimulos in pectore caecos Condidit, Ov. M. 1, 726.—
2 A spur, incentive, incitement, stimulus: animum gloriae stimulis concitare, Cic. Arch. 11, 29: quidam industriae ac laboris (with illecebrae libidinum), id. Cael. 5, 12: quot stimulos admoverit homini victoriae studioso, id. Sest. 5, 12; cf.: defendendi Vatinii, id. Fam. 1, 9, 19: omnia pro stimulis facibusque ciboque furoris Accipit, Ov. M. 6, 480: ardet, et injusti stimulis agitatur amoris, id. F. 2, 779: non hostili modo odio sed amoris etiam stimulis, Liv. 30, 14, 1: ad hanc voluntatem ipsius naturae stimulis incitamur, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3: ad dicendum etiam pudor stimulos habet, Quint. 10, 7, 16: agrariae legis tribuniciis stimulis plebs furebat, Liv. 2, 54; cf.: acriores quippe aeris alieni stimulos esse, id. 6, 11: subdere stimulos animo, id. 6, 34: in aliquem stimulis accendi, Tac. H. 3, 45; cf.: suis stimulis excitos Moesiae duces, id. ib. 3, 53: secundae res acrioribus stimulis animos explorant, id. ib. 1, 15: acres Subjectat lasso stimulos, Hor. S. 2, 7, 94: stimulos sub pectore vertit Apollo, Verg. A. 6, 101: movere acres stimulos irarum, Luc. 2, 324: accensae stimulis majoribus irae, Stat. Th. 11, 497: dare stimulos laudum, id. Achill. 1, 203.—
II In milit. lang., a pointed stake concealed beneath the surface of the ground, to repel hostile troops (syn.: sudes, stipes), Caes. B. G. 7, 73 fin.: se stimulis induere, id. ib. 7, 82.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
stĭmŭlus,¹⁰ ī, m. (rac. stig, cf. στίζω),
1 aiguillon [pour exciter les bêtes] : Tib. 1, 1, 30 ; Ov. M. 14, 647 ; aliquem fodere stimulo Pl. Curc. 130, ou stimulis Cic. Phil. 2, 86, piquer qqn de l’aiguillon = donner le fouet à qqn
2 [fig.] a) = tourment, piqûre : Lucr. 3, 1019 ; stimulos doloris contemnere Cic. Tusc. 2, 66, mépriser l’aiguillon, les atteintes de la douleur, cf. Cic. Tusc. 3, 35 ; b) = stimulant, excitation, encouragement : animum gloriæ stimulis concitare Cic. Arch. 29, exciter l’âme avec l’aiguillon de la gloire, cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 3 ; stimulos admovere alicui Cic. Sest. 12, stimuler qqn ; defendendi Vatinii fuit etiam ille stimulus... Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 19, pour me faire prendre la défense de Vatinius il y avait encore cet aiguillon...
3 sorte de chausse-trape : Cæs. G. 7, 73, 9 ; 7, 82, 1.
Latin > German (Georges)
stimulus, ī, m. (vgl. īn-stīgo, στίζω), der Stachel, I) als milit. t.t., stimuli, kleine Stäbe, oben mit einem eisernen Haken versehen, eine Art Fußangeln, Caes. b.G. 7, 73, 9 (vgl. stilus no. I). – II) der Stachel zum Antreiben der Tiere, bes. der Pflugochsen, u. der Sklaven, der Treibstecken, Treibstachel, A) eig., Plaut. u. Plin.: dah. verächtlich, dum te stimulis fodiam, Cic.: parce stimulis, unser »schone die Peitsche«, Ov. – Sprichw., s. caedono. I u. calcitro u. 1. calx no. I. – B) bildl., der Stachel, a) der beunruhigende, quälende, der Stachel der Unruhe, die Qual, doloris, Cic.: amoris stimuli, v. der Eifersucht, Liv. – b) der anregende, der Sporn, der Antrieb, animum stimulis gloriae concitare, Cic.: alci stimulos admovere, Cic., adicere, Ov.: ingenio stimulos subdere, Ov.: addit ad dicendum etiam pudor stimulos, auch das Ehrgefühl spornt uns zum Auftreten als Redner an, Quint.: tam praecipiti materna furori Pyrrhus origo dabat stimulos, schon früh wurde solche Verruchtheit durch den Gedanken genährt, daß seiner Erzeugerin Ahnhėrr Pyrrhus gewesen, Sil.
