λοῖσθος: Difference between revisions

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τά δέ ἄνευ συμπλοκῆς, οἷον ἄνθρωπος, βοῦς, τρέχει, νικᾷ → and the simple forms of speech, for example: 'man', 'ox', 'runs', 'wins'

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|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[the last]] (Ψ 536).<br />Derivatives: [[λοίσθιος]] (Pi., trag., Theoc., A. R.), ([[τὸ]]) [[λοίσθιον]] adv. [[at last]]. [[λοισθήϊος]] [[regarding the last]], ([[τὰ]]) [[λοισθήϊα]] [[the last price]] (Ψ 785, 751; as [[ἀριστήϊον]], <b class="b3">-ϊα</b>; cf. Risch 46); <b class="b3">λοίσθημα τέλος</b>, [[πέρας]] H. (on the nominal deriv. Chantraine Form. 178). Unclear <b class="b3">λοίσθωνας τοὺς ἀκρατεῖς περὶ τὰ ἀφροδίσια</b> H. and <b class="b3">λοισθώνη ἡ θρασεῖα</b> Suid. - Details in Seiler Steigerungsformen 121; on [[λοῖσθος]]: <b class="b3">-ιος</b> also Chantraine 37.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: No etymology. Al suggested explanations are unconvincing: from <b class="b3">*λοιhισ-θϜ-ος</b> "the weakest in the course" to [[θέω]] and Germ. <b class="b2">*laisiz</b> [[less]] in NEngl. [[less]] a. o. (Osthoff MU 6, 314ff.); from <b class="b3">*λοιhισ-τος</b> (WP. 2, 388; rejected by Schwyzer 537 n. 7); to Lith. [[léidžiu]], [[léisti]] [[let]], Lat. [[lūdus]] [[game]] etc. (Danielsson Altital. Stud. 4, 171ff.; Person Beitr. 2, 711 n. 1 a. 962, Brugmann IF 18, 433ff.; in details diff.); from <b class="b3">*λοhισ-τος</b> to Goth. [[las-iws]] [[weak]], [[powerless]] etc. (Solmsen IF 13, 140ff.). Diff. again Scheftelowitz KZ 56, 179: from <b class="b2">*sloidh-to-</b> to OCS [[po-slědьńь]] [[ἔσχατος]], utmost, last' (from [[slědъ]] [[trace]]), Lith. [[slýsti]], [[slýdau]] [[glide]], [[ὀλισθάνω]] etc.; IE *(<b class="b2">s)leidh-</b>'slippery, glide' (WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 970f.).<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[beam]] (IG 22, 1673, 17; IVa), also as adjunct of [[δόρυ]], <b class="b2">covering beam(?)</b> (E. Hel. 1597).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Ngr. [[λοστός]] <b class="b2">lever, (Hebe-eisen?)</b> seems to suppose an orig. [[λοϊσθός]], s. Georgacas Glotta 36, 168. Further unclear; guess by Persson Beitr. 2, 962 (on p. 711 n. 1): to Latv. [[laides]] [[Bretter am oberen Rand eines Kahnes]] (after Mühlenbach-Endzelin as "Eingelassenes, Ausgebreitetes" from [[laĩst]] [[let]]).
|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[the last]] (Ψ 536).<br />Derivatives: [[λοίσθιος]] (Pi., trag., Theoc., A. R.), (τὸ) [[λοίσθιον]] adv. [[at last]]. [[λοισθήϊος]] [[regarding the last]], ([[τὰ]]) [[λοισθήϊα]] [[the last price]] (Ψ 785, 751; as [[ἀριστήϊον]], <b class="b3">-ϊα</b>; cf. Risch 46); <b class="b3">λοίσθημα τέλος</b>, [[πέρας]] H. (on the nominal deriv. Chantraine Form. 178). Unclear <b class="b3">λοίσθωνας τοὺς ἀκρατεῖς περὶ τὰ ἀφροδίσια</b> H. and <b class="b3">λοισθώνη ἡ θρασεῖα</b> Suid. - Details in Seiler Steigerungsformen 121; on [[λοῖσθος]]: <b class="b3">-ιος</b> also Chantraine 37.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: No etymology. Al suggested explanations are unconvincing: from <b class="b3">*λοιhισ-θϜ-ος</b> "the weakest in the course" to [[θέω]] and Germ. <b class="b2">*laisiz</b> [[less]] in NEngl. [[less]] a. o. (Osthoff MU 6, 314ff.); from <b class="b3">*λοιhισ-τος</b> (WP. 2, 388; rejected by Schwyzer 537 n. 7); to Lith. [[léidžiu]], [[léisti]] [[let]], Lat. [[lūdus]] [[game]] etc. (Danielsson Altital. Stud. 4, 171ff.; Person Beitr. 2, 711 n. 1 a. 962, Brugmann IF 18, 433ff.; in details diff.); from <b class="b3">*λοhισ-τος</b> to Goth. [[las-iws]] [[weak]], [[powerless]] etc. (Solmsen IF 13, 140ff.). Diff. again Scheftelowitz KZ 56, 179: from <b class="b2">*sloidh-to-</b> to OCS [[po-slědьńь]] [[ἔσχατος]], utmost, last' (from [[slědъ]] [[trace]]), Lith. [[slýsti]], [[slýdau]] [[glide]], [[ὀλισθάνω]] etc.; IE *(<b class="b2">s)leidh-</b>'slippery, glide' (WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 970f.).<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[beam]] (IG 22, 1673, 17; IVa), also as adjunct of [[δόρυ]], <b class="b2">covering beam(?)</b> (E. Hel. 1597).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Ngr. [[λοστός]] <b class="b2">lever, (Hebe-eisen?)</b> seems to suppose an orig. [[λοϊσθός]], s. Georgacas Glotta 36, 168. Further unclear; guess by Persson Beitr. 2, 962 (on p. 711 n. 1): to Latv. [[laides]] [[Bretter am oberen Rand eines Kahnes]] (after Mühlenbach-Endzelin as "Eingelassenes, Ausgebreitetes" from [[laĩst]] [[let]]).
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{{mdlsj

Revision as of 11:29, 12 February 2021

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: λοῖσθος Medium diacritics: λοῖσθος Low diacritics: λοίσθος Capitals: ΛΟΙΣΘΟΣ
Transliteration A: loîsthos Transliteration B: loisthos Transliteration C: loisthos Beta Code: loi=sqos

English (LSJ)

(A), ον, A left behind, last, Il.23.536, Lyc.163, Euph.51.13, etc.; ὁ θάνατος λοῖσθος ἰατρὸς κακῶν S.Fr.698: Sup. λοισθότατος last of all, Hes.Th.921; λοισθοτάτας χάριτας = the last honours (to the dead), IG14.1721.
λοῖσθος (B), ὁ, A beam, λοῖσθοι ἓξ ὥστε μοχλοῖς χρῆσθαι IG22.1673.17 (iv B. C.); boom, gaff, spar, E.Hel.1597.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

λοῖσθος: -ον, ἔσχατος, ὕστατος, Ἰλ. Ψ. 536· Ὑπερθ. λοισθότατος, ἔσχατος πάντων, Ἡσ. Θ. 921· λοισθοτάτας χάριτας, τὰς ὑστάτας τιμὰς (τοῦ νεκροῦ), Ἑλλ. Ἐπιγράμμ. 573· - ὡσαύτως παρὰ Τραγ., ὁ θάνατος λοίσθιος ἰατρὸς κακῶν Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 626, πρβλ. Εὐρ. Ἑλ. 1597. (Ἐκτεταμένον: λοίσθιος, λοισθήιος· - πρέπει νὰ εἶναι ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ῥίζης ἐξ ἧς καὶ τὸ λοιπός, ἴσως εἶδος ὑπερθ., λοίπιστος, λοῖσθος).

French (Bailly abrégé)

ος, ον :
extrême, càd dernier, qui vient après tous les autres.
Étymologie: DELG étym. ignorée.

English (Autenrieth)

(λοιπός): last, Il. 23.536†.

Greek Monolingual

(I)
λοῑσθος, -ον (Α)
έσχατος, ύστατος, λοίσθιοςθάνατος λοῑσθος ἰατρὸς κακῶν», Σοφ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Κατά την επικρατέστερη άποψη < λοιhισ-θFoς, σύνθ. λέξη της οποίας το α' συνθετικό συνδέεται ετυμολ. με το συγκριτικού βαθμού γερμ. lais-iz «λιγότερος» και με το αγγλ. less «λιγότερος», ενώ το β' συνθετικό με τα θέω «τρέχω», θοός «γρήγορος». Η αρχική σημ. θα ήταν επομένως «εκείνος που τρέχει λιγότερο γρήγορα».
ΠΑΡ. αρχ. λοισθήιος, λοίσθημα, λοίσθων, λοισθώνη].
(II)
λοῑσθος, ὁ (Α)
1. δοκός, δοκάρι
2. κεραία ή ιστός («οὐκ εἶ ὅ μέν τις λοῑσθον ἀρεῑται δόρυ», Ευρ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Άγνωστης ετυμολ. Δεν αποκλείεται να πρόκειται για το λοίσθος (I) με εξειδικευμένη σημ. «αυτό που χρησιμοποιείται τελευταίο» (για να ανυψώσει κανείς σώματα)].

Greek Monotonic

λοῖσθος: -ον, = λοῖπος, έσχατος, ύστατος, τελευταίος, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Ευρ.· υπερθ. λοισθότατος, έσχατος όλων, σε Ησίοδ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

λοῖσθος: последний, крайний (ἀνήρ Her.): λοῖσθον δόρυ Eur. наконечник копья; λ. ἰατρὸς κακῶν Soph. = θάνατος.

Frisk Etymological English

1.
Grammatical information: adj.
Meaning: the last (Ψ 536).
Derivatives: λοίσθιος (Pi., trag., Theoc., A. R.), (τὸ) λοίσθιον adv. at last. λοισθήϊος regarding the last, (τὰ) λοισθήϊα the last price (Ψ 785, 751; as ἀριστήϊον, -ϊα; cf. Risch 46); λοίσθημα τέλος, πέρας H. (on the nominal deriv. Chantraine Form. 178). Unclear λοίσθωνας τοὺς ἀκρατεῖς περὶ τὰ ἀφροδίσια H. and λοισθώνη ἡ θρασεῖα Suid. - Details in Seiler Steigerungsformen 121; on λοῖσθος: -ιος also Chantraine 37.
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: No etymology. Al suggested explanations are unconvincing: from *λοιhισ-θϜ-ος "the weakest in the course" to θέω and Germ. *laisiz less in NEngl. less a. o. (Osthoff MU 6, 314ff.); from *λοιhισ-τος (WP. 2, 388; rejected by Schwyzer 537 n. 7); to Lith. léidžiu, léisti let, Lat. lūdus game etc. (Danielsson Altital. Stud. 4, 171ff.; Person Beitr. 2, 711 n. 1 a. 962, Brugmann IF 18, 433ff.; in details diff.); from *λοhισ-τος to Goth. las-iws weak, powerless etc. (Solmsen IF 13, 140ff.). Diff. again Scheftelowitz KZ 56, 179: from *sloidh-to- to OCS po-slědьńь ἔσχατος, utmost, last' (from slědъ trace), Lith. slýsti, slýdau glide, ὀλισθάνω etc.; IE *(s)leidh-'slippery, glide' (WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 970f.).
2.
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: beam (IG 22, 1673, 17; IVa), also as adjunct of δόρυ, covering beam(?) (E. Hel. 1597).
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: Ngr. λοστός lever, (Hebe-eisen?) seems to suppose an orig. λοϊσθός, s. Georgacas Glotta 36, 168. Further unclear; guess by Persson Beitr. 2, 962 (on p. 711 n. 1): to Latv. laides Bretter am oberen Rand eines Kahnes (after Mühlenbach-Endzelin as "Eingelassenes, Ausgebreitetes" from laĩst let).

Middle Liddell

λοῖσθος, ον = λοῖπος,]
left behind, last, Il., Eur.;Sup. λοισθότατος last of all, Hes.

Frisk Etymology German

λοῖσθος: 1. (vereinzelt ep. poet. seit Ψ 536),
{loĩsthos}
Forms: λοίσθιος (Pi., Trag., Theok., A. R.), (τὸ) λοίσθιον Adv. zuletzt.
Meaning: der äußerste, der hinterste, der letzte,
Derivative: Davon λοισθήϊος auf den letzten bezüglich, (τὰ) λοισθήϊα der letzte Preis (Ψ 785, 751; wie ἀριστήϊον, -ϊα; vgl. Risch ̨ 46); λοίσθημα· τέλος, πέρας H. (zur nominalen Ableitung Chantraine Form. 178). Unklar λοίσθωνας· τοὺς ἀκρατεῖς περὶ τὰ ἀφροδίσια H. und λοισθώνη· ἡ θρασεῖα Suid. — Einzelheiten bei Seiler Steigerungsformen 121; zu λοῖσθος: -ιος auch Chantraine 37.
Etymology : Ohne Etymologie. Die wiederholten Erklärungsversuche sind alle erfolglos geblieben: aus *λοιhισθϝος "der im Lauf schwächste" zu θέω und germ. *laisiz weniger, minder in nengl. less u. a. (Osthoff MU 6, 314ff. m. Lit. u. ausführl. Behandlung); aus *λοιhιστος (WP. 2, 388; ablehnend Schwyzer 537 A. 7); zu lit. léidžiu, léisti lassen, lat. lūdus Spiel usw. (Danielsson Altital. Stud. 4, 171ff.; Person Beitr. 2, 711 A. 1 u. 962, Brugmann IF 18, 433ff.; im einzelnen voneinander abweichend); aus *λοhιστος zu got. las-iws schwach, kraftlos usw. (Solmsen IF 13, 140ff.). Noch anders Scheftelowitz KZ 56, 179 (mit Kritik früherer Vorschläge): aus *sloidh-to- zu aksl. po-slědьńьἔσχατος, äußerster, letzter’ (von slědъ Spur), lit. slýsti, slýdau gleiten, ὀλισθάνω usw.; idg. (s)leidh-’schlüpfrig, gleiten’ (WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 970f.).
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English (Woodhouse)

left, remaining

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