πτίσσω: Difference between revisions
καλῶς γέ μου τὸν υἱὸν ὦ Στιλβωνίδη εὑρὼν ἀπιόντ' ἀπὸ γυμνασίου λελουμένον οὐκ ἔκυσας, οὐ προσεῖπας, οὐ προσηγάγου, οὐκ ὠρχιπέδισας, ὢν ἐμοὶ πατρικὸς φίλος → Ah! Is this well done, Stilbonides? You met my son coming from the bath after the gymnasium and you neither spoke to him, nor kissed him, nor took him with you, nor ever once felt his balls. Would anyone call you an old friend of mine?
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to shell, grind grains by stamping</b> (IA.).<br />Other forms: Att. also <b class="b3">πτίττω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">πτίσαι</b>, pass. <b class="b3">πτισθῆναι</b>, perf. midd. <b class="b3">ἔπτισμαι</b>.<br />Compounds: Rarely wit prefix like <b class="b3">περι-</b> and <b class="b3">κατα-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πτισ-άνη</b> f. (<b class="b3">-ανον</b> n. Nic.) <b class="b2">peeled barley, barley-gruel</b> (Hp., com., pap. a.o.); <b class="b3">-μός</b> m. [[winnowing]] (corn.), <b class="b3">-μα</b> n. <b class="b2">peeled barley</b> (Str.; <b class="b3">περιπ[τ]ίσματα</b> pl. sch.; Jacobsohn KZ 42, 276), <b class="b3">-ις</b> f. [[skin]] (Gal. a.o.), <b class="b3">-τικός</b> <b class="b2">fit for skinning</b> (com.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [796] <b class="b2">*tpis-</b> [[stamp]], [[smash]]<br />Etymology: Old expression of agriculture, retained in several languages, though exact agreements of the Greek forms are not found. Note however <b class="b3">ἄ-πτισ-τος</b> [[unstamped]] (Hp.): Skt. <b class="b2">piṣ-ṭá-</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">pis-tus</b> [[smashed]], with <b class="b3">πτιστικός</b> <b class="b2">fit for skinning</b> (com.). Also all other both nominal and verbal forms are based on <b class="b3">πτισ-</b> (s. above) except the present <b class="b3">πτίσσω</b>, which was innovated after <b class="b3">πλάσσω</b>, <b class="b3">πάσσω</b> a.o. (cf. Schwyzer 692 w. lit. and ref. of other interpretations). The other languages deviate formally: Skt. and Lat. with the nasalpresents <b class="b2">pi-ná-ṣṭi</b> (perf. <b class="b2">pi-péṣ-a</b>, <b class="b2">pi-piṣ-e</b>; cf. <b class="b3">ἔ-πτισ-μαι</b>), <b class="b2">pī-n-sō</b> (with innovated <b class="b2">pīns(u)ī</b> ; beside it <b class="b2">pis-tor</b> etc.) [[smash]]; Balt. and Slav. with the secondary formations Lith. <b class="b2">pais-aũ</b>, <b class="b2">-ýti</b> <b class="b2">beat off the beards</b> (beside the primary <b class="b2">pis-ù</b>, <b class="b2">-ti</b> <b class="b2">coire cum femina</b>), Slav., e.g. Russ. <b class="b2">pich-áju</b>, <b class="b2">-átь</b> [[thrust]], [[stamp]] (beside the primary [[pšeno]] [[millet]] from <b class="b2">*pьšenъ</b> ptc. [[stamped]]). On <b class="b3">πτ-</b> against <b class="b2">p-</b> elsewhere cf. on [[πτέρνη]]. -- Furher forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 1 ff., Pok. 796 and the special dictionaries of the separate languages. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to shell, grind grains by stamping</b> (IA.).<br />Other forms: Att. also <b class="b3">πτίττω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">πτίσαι</b>, pass. <b class="b3">πτισθῆναι</b>, perf. midd. <b class="b3">ἔπτισμαι</b>.<br />Compounds: Rarely wit prefix like <b class="b3">περι-</b> and <b class="b3">κατα-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πτισ-άνη</b> f. (<b class="b3">-ανον</b> n. Nic.) <b class="b2">peeled barley, barley-gruel</b> (Hp., com., pap. a.o.); <b class="b3">-μός</b> m. [[winnowing]] (corn.), <b class="b3">-μα</b> n. <b class="b2">peeled barley</b> (Str.; <b class="b3">περιπ[τ]ίσματα</b> pl. sch.; Jacobsohn KZ 42, 276), <b class="b3">-ις</b> f. [[skin]] (Gal. a.o.), <b class="b3">-τικός</b> <b class="b2">fit for skinning</b> (com.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [796] <b class="b2">*tpis-</b> [[stamp]], [[smash]]<br />Etymology: Old expression of agriculture, retained in several languages, though exact agreements of the Greek forms are not found. Note however <b class="b3">ἄ-πτισ-τος</b> [[unstamped]] (Hp.): Skt. <b class="b2">piṣ-ṭá-</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">pis-tus</b> [[smashed]], with <b class="b3">πτιστικός</b> <b class="b2">fit for skinning</b> (com.). Also all other both nominal and verbal forms are based on <b class="b3">πτισ-</b> (s. above) except the present <b class="b3">πτίσσω</b>, which was innovated after <b class="b3">πλάσσω</b>, <b class="b3">πάσσω</b> a.o. (cf. Schwyzer 692 w. lit. and ref. of other interpretations). The other languages deviate formally: Skt. and Lat. with the nasalpresents <b class="b2">pi-ná-ṣṭi</b> (perf. <b class="b2">pi-péṣ-a</b>, <b class="b2">pi-piṣ-e</b>; cf. <b class="b3">ἔ-πτισ-μαι</b>), <b class="b2">pī-n-sō</b> (with innovated <b class="b2">pīns(u)ī</b> ; beside it <b class="b2">pis-tor</b> etc.) [[smash]]; Balt. and Slav. with the secondary formations Lith. <b class="b2">pais-aũ</b>, <b class="b2">-ýti</b> <b class="b2">beat off the beards</b> (beside the primary <b class="b2">pis-ù</b>, <b class="b2">-ti</b> <b class="b2">coire cum femina</b>), Slav., e.g. Russ. <b class="b2">pich-áju</b>, <b class="b2">-átь</b> [[thrust]], [[stamp]] (beside the primary [[pšeno]] [[millet]] from <b class="b2">*pьšenъ</b> ptc. [[stamped]]). On <b class="b3">πτ-</b> against <b class="b2">p-</b> elsewhere cf. on [[πτέρνη]]. -- Furher forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 1 ff., Pok. 796 and the special dictionaries of the separate languages. | ||
}} | |||
{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=<br />to [[winnow]]: to [[peel]] or to [[bray]] in a [[mortar]], Hdt. | |||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 00:40, 10 January 2019
English (LSJ)
Pherecr.183, Ar.Fr.339, Att. πτίττω ib.271 (prob. l.), Luc.Herm.79, v.l. in Pherecr. l.c.: aor.
A ἔπτῐσα Hdt.2.92:—Pass., aor. ἐπτίσθην Gp.12.23.2, (περι-) Thphr.HP4.4.10: pf. ἔπτισμαι Hp.VM14, Arist.HA595b10:—winnow grain, Hp. l.c. (Pass.), Pherecr. l.c., etc.; πτισσουσῶν ᾠδή the song of women winnowing, Ar.Fr.339. II bray in a mortar, τὸ ἐκ μέσου τοῦ λωτοῦ Hdt. l.c., cf. D.L.9.59, Luc. l.c. (Cf. Lat. pinso, Skt. piná[snull ][tnull ]i 'pound'.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 810] fut. πτίσω, perf. pass. ἔπτισμαι, Gerste und andere Körner durch Stampfen enthülsen, schroten auf der Mühle, Arist. u. Folgde; Luc. Hermot. 79; übh. zerstampfen, zerschroten, Her. 2, 92; Diogen. L. epigr. (VII, 133). – Das alte Stammwort scheint πισσω zu sein, das lat. pinso, piso, davon πίτυρον.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
πτίσσω: Φερεκ. ἐν Ἀδήλ. 18, Ἀριστοφ. Ἀποσπ. 267, 323· ἀόρ. ἔπτῐσα Ἡρόδ. 2. 92. - Παθητ., ἀόρ. ἐπτίσθην, (περι-) Θεόφρ.· - πρκμ. ἔπτισμαι, Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 8. 7, 1 (πρβλ. περιπτίσσω). Ἐκλεπίζω, ἀποφλοιῶ σῖτον, Ἱππ. περὶ Ἀρχ. Ἰητρ. 9, Φερεκρ., κλπ.· πτισσουσῶν ᾠδή, ᾠδὴ ἣν ᾖδον αἱ εἰς τὴν ἐκλέπισιν ἢ τὸ καθάρισμα τῆς κριθῆς ἀπασχολούμεναι γυναῖκες, Ἀριστοφ. Ἀπομν. 323. ΙΙ. ἐκλεπίζω, ξεφλουδίζω, ἢ κοπανίζω ἐντὸς ὅλμου, τὸ ἐκ μέσου τοῦ λωτοῦ... πτίσαντες ποιεῦνται ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἄρτους ὀπτοὺς Ἡρόδ. 2. 92· - παρὰ Διογ. Λ. 9. 59, Λουκ. Ἑρμότ. 79, δέον νὰ ληφθῇ ἐν τῇ τελευταίᾳ ταύτῃ σημασίᾳ. (Πρβλ. τὸ Σανσκρ. pish (συντρίβω), ὅθεν pish-t-ka (χονδροκοπανιμένοι κόκκοι)· Λατ. pins-ere, pis-tor· Σλαυ. pis-eno (ἄλφιτον)· - ἡ συγγένεια τοῦ πίτυρον δὲν εἶναι τόσον φανερά, ὅρα Curt. Gr. Et. 365b.). - Ἴδε Κόντου Γλωσσ. Παρατηρ. σ. 432.
French (Bailly abrégé)
f. inus., ao. ἔπτισα, pf. inus.
Pass. pf. ἔπτισμαι;
piler ; broyer, concasser, écraser.
Étymologie: R. Πτισ, plier ; cf. lat. pinsere, pistor.
English (Slater)
πτίσσω πυθμένα πτίξεις (nullo sensu codd.: πτάξεις coni. Edmonds: ποθ' ἥξεις Wil.) fr. 207.
Greek Monolingual
και πτίττω Α
1. εκλεπίζω, αποφλοιώνω, ξεφλουδίζω κριθάρι ή άλλα δημητριακά
2. κοπανίζω μέσα σε γουδί.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αρχ. λ., όρος της γεωργίας, η οποία ανάγεται στην ΙΕ ρίζα peis-/ pis- «λειανίζω, συντρίβω, κοπανίζω, αλέθω σε γουδί» και συνδέεται με: αρχ. ινδ. pi-na-sti «συνθλίβω» (με έρρινο ένθημα), λατ. pin-so «κοπανίζω», pistor «μυλωνάς», piso «γουδί», λιθουαν. paisaũ «κοπανίζω σπόρους», καθώς και με τ. νεώτερων γλωσσών (πρβλ. αγγλ. pestle «γουδοχέρι», ιταλ. pestare «κοπανίζω»). Ο ελλ. τ. πτίσσω εμφανίζει αρκτικό συμφωνικό σύμπλεγμα πτ- (αντί π-), το οποίο απαντά σε αρκετές ελλ. λ., πρβλ. πτέρνη, πτύον (βλ. και λ. πόλεμος) και κατάλ. -σσω, πιθ. αναλογικά προς τα πάσσω, πλάσσω. Ο αττ. τ. πτίττω δεν απαντά συχνά (βλ. και λ. πτύσσω)].
Greek Monotonic
πτίσσω: αόρ. αʹ ἔπτῐσα — Παθ., αόρ. αʹ ἐπτίσθην, παρακ. ἔπτισμαι· αποφλοιώνω, ξεφλουδίζω ή θρυμματίζω, κοπανίζω σε γουδί, σε Ηρόδ.
Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)
πτίσσω Ion. voor πτίττω.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
πτίσσω: атт. πτίττω (aor. ἔπτῐσα; pass.: aor. ἐπτίσθην, pf. ἔπτισμαι) (пестом) дробить, толочь (τὸ μέσον ἐκ τοῦ λωτοῦ Her.; χριθαὶ ἐπτισμέναι Arst.): ὕδωρ ὑπέρῳ σιδηρῶ π. погов. Luc. толочь воду железным пестом.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: to shell, grind grains by stamping (IA.).
Other forms: Att. also πτίττω, aor. πτίσαι, pass. πτισθῆναι, perf. midd. ἔπτισμαι.
Compounds: Rarely wit prefix like περι- and κατα-.
Derivatives: πτισ-άνη f. (-ανον n. Nic.) peeled barley, barley-gruel (Hp., com., pap. a.o.); -μός m. winnowing (corn.), -μα n. peeled barley (Str.; περιπ[τ]ίσματα pl. sch.; Jacobsohn KZ 42, 276), -ις f. skin (Gal. a.o.), -τικός fit for skinning (com.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [796] *tpis- stamp, smash
Etymology: Old expression of agriculture, retained in several languages, though exact agreements of the Greek forms are not found. Note however ἄ-πτισ-τος unstamped (Hp.): Skt. piṣ-ṭá-, Lat. pis-tus smashed, with πτιστικός fit for skinning (com.). Also all other both nominal and verbal forms are based on πτισ- (s. above) except the present πτίσσω, which was innovated after πλάσσω, πάσσω a.o. (cf. Schwyzer 692 w. lit. and ref. of other interpretations). The other languages deviate formally: Skt. and Lat. with the nasalpresents pi-ná-ṣṭi (perf. pi-péṣ-a, pi-piṣ-e; cf. ἔ-πτισ-μαι), pī-n-sō (with innovated pīns(u)ī ; beside it pis-tor etc.) smash; Balt. and Slav. with the secondary formations Lith. pais-aũ, -ýti beat off the beards (beside the primary pis-ù, -ti coire cum femina), Slav., e.g. Russ. pich-áju, -átь thrust, stamp (beside the primary pšeno millet from *pьšenъ ptc. stamped). On πτ- against p- elsewhere cf. on πτέρνη. -- Furher forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 1 ff., Pok. 796 and the special dictionaries of the separate languages.