ἰκμάς: Difference between revisions
ἄμμες δὲ γ' ἐσσόμεσθα πολλῷ κάρρονες → and we shall be better by far | we shall be sometime mightier men by far than both | sometime we shall become much better than you | so we shall be, and braver far
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|etymtx=-άδος<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[wetness]], [[moisture]], [[secretion]] (Ρ 392, Hdt.).<br />Compounds: As 2. member (transformed to an <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems) <b class="b3">ἄν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔν-</b>, <b class="b3">δύσ-ικμος</b> (Hp., Arist.), as 1. member in <b class="b3">ἰκμό-βωλον</b> n. | |etymtx=-άδος<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[wetness]], [[moisture]], [[secretion]] (Ρ 392, Hdt.).<br />Compounds: As 2. member (transformed to an <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems) <b class="b3">ἄν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔν-</b>, <b class="b3">δύσ-ικμος</b> (Hp., Arist.), as 1. member in <b class="b3">ἰκμό-βωλον</b> n. [[moist clump of earth]] (Dsc.; on the ntr. cf. zu <b class="b3">διόσπυρον</b>).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἰκμαδώδης</b> (H. s. <b class="b3">ἴκμενος</b>), <b class="b3">ἰκματώδης</b> (Ach. Tat.; after <b class="b3">αἱματώδης</b>) [[moist]]; also <b class="b3">ἰκμαῖος</b> (A. R.), <b class="b3">ἴκμιος</b> (Call.), <b class="b3">ἰκμώδης</b> (sch.), <b class="b3">ἰκμαλέος</b> (Hp., Opp.; Debrunner IF 23, 8); <b class="b3">ἰκμαίνω</b> [[moisten]] (A. R.). <b class="b3">ἴκμαρ νοτίς</b> H. Here also the backformation <b class="b3">ἴκμη</b> [[duckweed]], [[Lemna minor]] (Thphr.; diff. on the formation Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113); also <b class="b3">Ίκμάλιος τ</b> 57?; speculations by Lacroix Coll. Latomus 28, 309ff.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [893] <b class="b2">*seik-</b> <b class="b2">pour out</b> (not from <b class="b2">*seikʷ-</b>)<br />Etymology: Formation in <b class="b3">-άδ-</b> like <b class="b3">νιφάς</b> a. o. (Schwyzer 507f., Chantr. Form. 349ff.), from an <b class="b3">μ-</b>stem; that this would have left traces in most derivv. (<b class="b3">ἰκμαῖος</b> etc.) , is improbable. A primary aorist perh. retained in <b class="b3">ἷξαι διηθῆσαι</b> H.; outside Greek there are several relatives, e. g. Skt. <b class="b2">siñcáti</b> <b class="b2">pour out</b> (nasal-present), Germ., e. g. OHG [[sīhan]] [[seihen]], OCS [[sьčati]] [[urinate]] (iterative). But the reconstruction <b class="b2">*seikʷ-</b> does no work in Greek: one does not expect <b class="b3">ἰκμ-</b>, nor <b class="b3">ἶξαι</b>; Germanic has forms with <b class="b2">*seik-</b>. More forms Pok. 893, W.-Hofmann s. [[siat]]. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj |
Revision as of 14:33, 1 July 2020
English (LSJ)
άδος, ἡ,
A moisture, e.g. of oily leather, Il.17.392; ἰκμάδος ἐστὶ ἐν αὐτῇ [τῇ Λιβύῃ] οὐδέν Hdt.4.185; ἀνιεὶς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα, of a corpse exposed to the sun, Id.3.125, cf. Hp.Aër.8; of moisture in the soil, Ev.Luc.8.6; also θανόντων ἰσὶν οὐκ ἔνεστ' ἰκμάς no blood, A.Fr.229 (prob.); of the bodily humours, Hp.Morb.4.40; of all kinds of animal juices or moist secretions, τὸ περίττωμα τῆς ὑγρᾶς ἰ. ὃν καλοῦμεν ἱδρῶτα Arist.PA668b4; ἡ τῶν καταμηνίων ἰ. Id.GA727b11, cf. HA556b27, al.: com. metaph., τὴν ἰ. τῆς φροντίδος Ar.Nu.233; ἰ. Βάκχου, i.e. wine, AP5.133 (Posidipp.); ἰ. δρυός, i.e. gum, ib.6.109 (Antip.).
German (Pape)
[Seite 1248] άδος, Feuchtigkeit, Nässe; Il. 17, 393; vom Blute, Aesch. fr. 216; Ar. Nubb. 233; ἀνεὶς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα Her. 3, 125; Plat. Tim. 76 h; Sp.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἰκμάς: -άδος, ἡ, νοτίς, ὑγρασία, ὑγρότης, ἄφαρ δέ τε ἰκμάς ἔβη, «ταχέως δὲ ἡ ὑγρασία ἀπῆλθεν» (Θ. Γαζῆς), Ἰλ. Ρ. 392· ἰκμάδος ἐστίν ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ Λιβύῃ οὐδέν Ἡρόδ. 4. 185· ἀνιεὶς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα, ἐπὶ πτώματος ἐκτεθειμένου εἰς τὸν ἥλιον, ὁ αὐτ. 3. 125, πρβλ. Ἱππ. π. Ἀέρ. 285· ἀλλ, ὡσαύτως, τῶν θανόντων ἶσον οὐκ, ἔνεστ’ ἰκμάς, δὲν ὑπάρχει αἷμα, Αἰσχύλ. Ἀποσπ. 230· συχν. παρ, Ἀριστ. ἐπὶ παντὸς εἴδους ζωϊκῶν χυμῶν ἢ ἐκκρίσεων: - κωμ. μεταφ., τὴν ἰκμάδα τῆς φροντίδος Ἀριστοφ. Νεφ. 233 ἰκ. Βάκχου, δηλ. οἶνος, Ἀνθ. Π. 5. 134· καὶ τὰν εὔκολλον δρυός ἰκμάδα, δηλ. τὸν ἰξόν, αὐτόθι 6. 109.
French (Bailly abrégé)
άδος (ἡ) :
1 humidité (du climat);
2 humidité, càd éléments humides du corps (sang, humeurs, etc.) ; sève.
Étymologie: R. Ἰκ p. Σικ, être humide.
English (Autenrieth)
άδος: moisture, Il. 17.392†.
English (Thayer)
ἰκμαδος, ἡ, moisture: Sept. Homer, Iliad 17,392; Josephus, Antiquities 3,1, 3, and often in other authors.)
Greek Monotonic
ἰκμάς: -άδος, ἡ, υγρασία, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Ηρόδ.· κωμ. μεταφ., τὴνἰκμάδα τῆς φροντίδος, σε Αριστοφ.· ἰκμάδα Βάκχου, δηλ. κρασί, σε Ανθ.· ἰκμάδα δρυός, δηλ. κόμμι, στον ίδ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἰκμάς: άδος ἡ
1) влага, влажность (ἰκμάδος ἐοτὶ οὐδὲν, sc. ἐν τῇ Λιβύῃ Her.; ἰ. αἱματική Arst.; τὸ γεῶδες ἔρημον ἰκμάδος Plut.): διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν ἰκμάδα NT за отсутствием влаги; ἡ ἰ. τῇς φροντίδος Arph. влага мысли (пародия на идею Фалеса о влаге, как первоначале всех вещей);
2) сок: ἰ. Βάκχου Anth. вино; ἰ. δρυός Anth. древесная камедь.
Frisk Etymological English
-άδος
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: wetness, moisture, secretion (Ρ 392, Hdt.).
Compounds: As 2. member (transformed to an ο-stems) ἄν-, ἔν-, δύσ-ικμος (Hp., Arist.), as 1. member in ἰκμό-βωλον n. moist clump of earth (Dsc.; on the ntr. cf. zu διόσπυρον).
Derivatives: ἰκμαδώδης (H. s. ἴκμενος), ἰκματώδης (Ach. Tat.; after αἱματώδης) moist; also ἰκμαῖος (A. R.), ἴκμιος (Call.), ἰκμώδης (sch.), ἰκμαλέος (Hp., Opp.; Debrunner IF 23, 8); ἰκμαίνω moisten (A. R.). ἴκμαρ νοτίς H. Here also the backformation ἴκμη duckweed, Lemna minor (Thphr.; diff. on the formation Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113); also Ίκμάλιος τ 57?; speculations by Lacroix Coll. Latomus 28, 309ff.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [893] *seik- pour out (not from *seikʷ-)
Etymology: Formation in -άδ- like νιφάς a. o. (Schwyzer 507f., Chantr. Form. 349ff.), from an μ-stem; that this would have left traces in most derivv. (ἰκμαῖος etc.) , is improbable. A primary aorist perh. retained in ἷξαι διηθῆσαι H.; outside Greek there are several relatives, e. g. Skt. siñcáti pour out (nasal-present), Germ., e. g. OHG sīhan seihen, OCS sьčati urinate (iterative). But the reconstruction *seikʷ- does no work in Greek: one does not expect ἰκμ-, nor ἶξαι; Germanic has forms with *seik-. More forms Pok. 893, W.-Hofmann s. siat.
Middle Liddell
ἰκμάς, άδος,
moisture, juice, Il., Hdt.:—comic metaph., τὴν ἰκμάδα τῆς φροντίδος Ar.; ἰ. Β
Frisk Etymology German
ἰκμάς: -άδος
{ikmás}
Grammar: f.
Meaning: Feuchtigkeit, Sekret (Ρ 392, Hdt., Hp., Ar., Arist. usw.).
Composita : Als Hinterglied (mit Umbildung nach den ο-Stämmen) ἄν-, ἔν-, δύσικμος (Hp., Arist. usw.), als Vorderglied in ἰκμόβωλον n. feuchter Erdkloß (Dsk.; zum Ntr. vgl. zu διόσπυρον).
Derivative: Ableitungen: ἰκμαδώδης (H. s. ἴκμενος), ἰκματώδης (Ach. Tat.; nach αἱματώδης) feucht; auch ἰκμαῖος (A. R., Nonn.), ἴκμιος (Kakl., Nonn.), ἰκμώδης (Sch.), ἰκμαλέος (Hp., Opp. u. a.; Debrunner IF 23, 8); ἰκμαίνω feuchten, benetzen (A. R., Nik.). Hierher noch die Rückbildung ἴκμη Entengrün, Lemna minor (Thphr.; anders über die Bildung Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113); auch Ἰκμάλιος τ 57?; unsichere Vermutung von Lacroix Coll. Latomus 28, 309ff.
Etymology : Bildung auf -άδ- wie νιφάς u. a. (Schwyzer 507f., Chantraine Formation 349ff.), zunächst von einem μ-Stamm; daß dieser in den meist späten Ableitungen ἰκμαῖος usw. Spuren hinterlassen hätte, ist wenig wahrscheinlich. Ein primärer Aorist scheint in ἷξαι· διηθῆσαι H. erhalten zu sein; außerhalb des Griechischen gibt es mehrere Verwandte, z. B. aind. siñcáti ausgießen (Nasalpräsens), germ., z. B. ahd. sīhan ‘seihen’ (primäres Wurzelpräsens), aksl. sьčati harnen (Iterativbildung). Weitere Formen m. Lit. bei WP. 2, 466f., Pok. 893, W.-Hofmann s. siat.
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Chinese
原文音譯:ƒkm£j 希克馬士
詞類次數:名詞(1)
原文字根:水份
字義溯源:潮濕^,水分,滋潤
出現次數:總共(1);路(1)
譯字彙編:
1) 滋潤(1) 路8:6