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ὁράω: Difference between revisions

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L'amor che move il sole e l'altre stelleLove that moves the sun and the other stars

Dante Alighieri, Paradiso, XXXIII, v. 145
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|Definition=contr. ὁρῶ even in <span class="bibl">Il.3.234</span>, Ep. ὁρόω <span class="bibl">5.244</span>, etc.; Aeol. ὄρημι (q. v.); Ion. ὁρέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.80</span>, etc., 2sg. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ὁρῇς <span class="bibl">Herod.2.67</span>, al., 3sg. ὁρῇ <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Carn.</span>17</span>, <span class="title">Vid.Ac.</span>I; inf. ὁρῆν <span class="bibl">Democr.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Carn.</span>2</span> (but 2sg. ὁρᾷς <span class="bibl">Archil.87</span>, 3sg. ὁρᾷ <span class="bibl">Semon.7.80</span>, cf. κατορᾷ <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.38</span>; 1pl. ὁρῶμεν <span class="bibl">Id.5.40</span>; 3pl. <b class="b3">ὁρῶσι</b> (ἐπ-) <span class="bibl">Id.1.124</span>; inf. <b class="b3">ὁρᾶν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">33</span>, <span class="bibl">2.64</span>): the forms <b class="b3">ὁρῇς, ὁρῇ, ὁρῆν</b> (exc. when found in Dor., as <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.2, 15,47 (Epid., iv B. C.); impf. 3sg. <b class="b3">ἑώρη</b> ib.28,70) seem to imply <b class="b3">ὁρή-ω</b> (cf. [[ὄρημι]]), but <b class="b3">ὁρᾷ, ὁρῶμεν, ὁρῶσι</b>, etc. imply <b class="b3">ὁρᾰ-ω</b>: Att. impf. ἑώρων <span class="bibl">Th.1.51</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>713</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>354</span>, (ἐ-) <span class="title">SIG</span>344.110 (Teos, iv B. C.); Ion. 3sg. ὥρα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.11</span>, <span class="bibl">3.72</span>, 1pl. <b class="b3">ὡρῶμεν</b> (v.l. [[ὁρῶμεν]]) <span class="bibl">Id.2.131</span>,2pl. ὡρᾶτε <span class="bibl">Id.7.8</span>.<b class="b3">β'</b>, 3pl. ὥρων <span class="bibl">Id.4.3</span>, etc.; Ep. 3sg. ὅρα <span class="bibl">Il.16.646</span>, cf. [[ὄρημι]]: pf. <b class="b3">ἑόρᾱκα</b>, a form required by the metre in many passages, as <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span> 32</span>, <span class="bibl">33</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>1573</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>98</span>, <span class="bibl">1045</span>, <span class="bibl">Eup.181.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.272.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>166</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pk.</span>270</span>, <span class="bibl">Bato 5.11</span>, etc., whereas the metre never requires <b class="b3">ἑώρακα</b>; whence <b class="b3">ἑόρακα, -άκη</b> ought always to be restored in early Att. writers, though <b class="b3">ἑώρακα</b> was used in later Gr., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2p.55</span> (iii B. C.), <span class="title">SIG</span>685.74 (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>119.43</span> (ii B. C.), cf. Theognost.<span class="title">Can.</span>150 (<b class="b3">ἑώρακε&lt;ν&gt;</b> is prob. in <span class="bibl">Men.5</span> D.): <b class="b3">ἑωρ-</b> in the impf. prob. comes from <b class="b3">ἠ- ϝορ-</b> (with a long form of the augment, cf. <b class="b3">ἠειδ-</b> (ᾐδ-) in impf. of <b class="b3">οἶδα</b>, while <b class="b3">ἑορ-</b> in the pf. comes from <b class="b3">ϝε-ϝορ-</b>, v. infr.: Ion. pf. ὁρώρηκα <span class="bibl">Herod.4.77</span>, al., also <b class="b3">ὥρηκα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">40</span> ; Dor. pf. part. ὡρακυῖα <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.6 (Epid., iv B. C.); 1sg. <b class="b3">ὥρακα</b> Baillet <b class="b2">Inscr. destombeaux des rois</b> 1210: an aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἐσορήσαις</b> only f.l. in <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>247.16</span>:—Med. <b class="b3">ὁράομαι</b>, contr. <b class="b3">ὁρῶμαι</b> even in <span class="bibl">Il.13.99</span> ; Ep. 2sg. ὅρηαι <span class="bibl">Od.14.343</span> (v. <b class="b3">ὄρημι</b>): impf. <b class="b3">ἑωρώμην</b>, also <b class="b3">ὡρώμην</b> (προ-) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>2.25</span>, Ep. 3sg. ὁρᾶτο <span class="bibl">Il.1.56</span>:—Pass., pf. ἑώραμαι <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.110</span>, <span class="bibl">D.54.16</span> : aor. <b class="b3">ἑωράθην</b> only in late Prose, <span class="bibl">D.S.20.6</span> ; inf. ὁρᾱθῆναι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">MA</span>699b19</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Def.</span>411b</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Jud.Voc.</span> 6</span>, etc.: fut. ὁραθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>10.12</span> : verb. Adj. <b class="b3">ὁρᾱτός, ὁρᾱτέον</b> (qq. v.).—Hom. uses contr. forms, as <b class="b3">ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ, ὅρα, ὁρᾶν, ὁρῶν, ὁρῶμαι, ὁρᾶται, ὁρᾶσθαι, ὁρώμενος</b>, as well as lengthd. Ep. <b class="b3">ὁρόω, ὁράᾳς, ὁράασθαι, ὁρόων</b>, 2pl. opt. ὁρόῳτε <span class="bibl">Il.4.347</span>, etc. ; besides these forms from <b class="b3">ὁρα-</b> (ὁρη-) we have </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> from root <b class="b3">ὀπ-</b> (v. <b class="b3">ὄψ</b>) the only fut. in use, <b class="b3">ὄψομαι</b>, always in act. sense, <span class="bibl">Il.24.704</span>, and Att., Ep. 2sg. ὄψεαι <span class="bibl">8.471</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.24.511</span>: a rare aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἐπ-όψατο</b> in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>88.6</span> (for <b class="b3">ἐπιώψατο</b>, v. [[ἐπιόψομαι]]); subj. ὄψησθε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>13.28</span> (where the v.l. [[ὄψεσθε]] may be right): pf. ὄπωπα <span class="bibl">Il.6.124</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.94</span>, <span class="bibl">Emp.109</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.37</span>,<span class="bibl">63</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Carn.</span>17</span>; Trag. and Com., as <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>57</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>6</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1157</span>,<span class="bibl">1225</span>, never in Att. Prose: plpf. 3sg. ὀπώπει <span class="bibl">Od.21.123</span>, ὀπώπεε <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.92</span>.<b class="b3">ζ'</b>; ὀπώπεσαν <span class="bibl">Id.7.125</span> :—Pass., aor. 1 <b class="b3">ὤφθην</b> <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>709</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>970</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.73</span>, etc. ; opt. (Ion.) ὀφθείησαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.7</span> ; part. <b class="b3">ὀφθείς</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ὀφθῆναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.9</span>,<span class="bibl">10</span> (for <b class="b3">ἐπι-οφθέντας</b>, v. [[ἐπιόψομαι]]): fut. ὀφθήσομαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>452</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1155</span>, <span class="bibl">And.2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.34</span> : pf. ὦμμαι <span class="bibl">Is.<span class="title">Fr.</span>165</span>, ὦψαι <span class="bibl">D.18.263</span>, ὦπται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>998</span>, <span class="bibl">D.24.66</span>; cf. [[ὀπτέον]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> from <b class="b3">ϝιδ-</b> are formed aor. Act. <b class="b3">εἶδον</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ἰδεῖν</b> : aor. Med. <b class="b3">εἰδόμην</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ἰδέσθαι</b> : pf. with pres. sense <b class="b3">οἶδα</b> <b class="b2">I know</b>, inf. <b class="b3">εἰδέναι</b> : verb. Adj. <b class="b3">ἰστέος</b> (for these tenses, v. [[Εἴδω]]). (<b class="b3">ὁρ-</b> prob. from <b class="b3">ϝορ-</b>, as indicated by the impf. and pf. forms ; cf. [[βῶροι]] (i.e. <b class="b3">ϝῶροι</b>), Engl. (<b class="b2">a)ware</b>.) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">0-0</span>Senses: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> abs., <b class="b2">see, look</b>, freq. in Hom.; <b class="b3">εἴς τι</b> or <b class="b3">εἴς τινα</b> to or at a thing or person, <span class="bibl">Il.24.633</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.373</span>, al., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>607</span> ; εἰς τὸν πράττοντα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1460a14</span> :—Med., <span class="bibl">Od.5.439</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>534</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>188</span> ; but <b class="b3">ἔς τινα ὁρᾶν</b> <b class="b2">to be of</b> so-and-so's <b class="b2">party</b>, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VS</span>1.18</span> ; <b class="b3">εἰς τὴν Ἀττάλου καθαίρεσιν εἶδεν</b> <b class="b2">aimed</b> at... <span class="bibl">Zos.6.12</span> ; for κατ' αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα <span class="bibl">Il.16.646</span>, Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται <span class="bibl">24.291</span>, cf. καθοράω <span class="bibl">11</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁρόων ἐπ' ἀπείρονα πόντον</b> <b class="b2">looking</b> over the sea, <span class="bibl">1.350</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁρᾶν πρός τι</b> <b class="b2">look towards</b>, ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν <span class="bibl">Th.2.93</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>7.496 (Simon., cj.) ; <b class="b3">πρὸς πλοῦν ὁρᾷ</b> <b class="b2">looks</b> to sail (i.e. is ready), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>[1624]</span>; ὁ. ἐπὶ τὴν προδοσίαν <span class="bibl">D.S.36.3</span> ; πρὸς σπονδάς <span class="bibl">Id.33.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">have sight</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μὴ ὁρᾶν</b>, to be blind, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>84</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅσ' ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ' ὁρῶντα λέξομεν</b> [though I am blind,] my words <b class="b2">shall have eyes</b>, i.e. shall be to the purpose, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>74</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐν σκότῳ . . οὓς μὲν οὐκ ἔδει ὀψοίαθ'</b>, i.e. should be blind, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>1274</span>; <b class="b3">ἀμβλύτερον ὁ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">ὀξύτερον βλέπειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>596a</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ σμικρὸν ὁ</b>. <b class="b2">to be</b> short-<b class="b2">sighted</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>174e</span>; ὁ. βραχύ τι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>488b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">see</b> to, <b class="b2">look</b> to, i.e. <b class="b2">take</b> or <b class="b2">give heed</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.10.239</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ. εἰς γλῶσσαν . . ἀνδρός</b> <b class="b2">look</b> to, <b class="b2">pay heed</b> to, <span class="bibl">Sol.11.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>104</span> (lyr.): freq. in imper., like [[βλέπε]], folld. by a dependent clause, ὅρα ὅπως . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>300</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Th.5.27</span>; <b class="b3">ὅρα εἰ . .</b> <b class="b2">see</b> whether... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>997</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>118</span>, etc.; also ὅρα μὴ . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 30</span>,<span class="bibl">519</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὅρα τί ποιεῖς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">589</span> ; πῶς . . ὑπερδικεῖς, ὅρα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>652</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ὁρᾷς</b>; <b class="b3">ὁρᾶτε</b>; <b class="b2">see'st thou? d'ye see?</b> parenthetically, esp. in explanations, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>355</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>490</span>, etc.; ὡς ὁρᾷς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1114</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>365</span> ; also <b class="b3">ὁρᾷς</b>; at the beginning of a sentence, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>628</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>87</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀλλ'—ὁρᾷς</b>; but, <b class="b2">do you see . . ?</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>336b</span>; ὁρᾷς οὖν . . ὅτι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>475e</span> ; <b class="b3">οὐχ ὁρᾷς</b>; ironically, <span class="bibl">D.18.232</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> c. acc. cogn., like [[βλέπω]] 11, <b class="b2">look</b> so and so, δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>426</span> ; ὁρᾶν ἀλκάν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.111</span> ; ἔαρ ὁρόωσα Νύχεια <span class="bibl">Theoc.13.45</span> ; also <b class="b3">ἡδέως ὁρᾶν</b> <b class="b2">look</b> pleasant, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1122</span>: c. acc., κακῶς ὁρᾶν τινα <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>7.42</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> trans., <b class="b2">see</b> an object, <b class="b2">behold, perceive, observe</b>, c. acc., freq. in Hom., etc.: pf. <b class="b3">ὄπωπα</b> exclusively in this sense, <span class="bibl">Il.2.799</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.94</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμοῖσιν</b> or <b class="b3">ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν</b> <b class="b2">to see with</b> or <b class="b2">before</b> the eyes, <span class="bibl">Il.24.392</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.459</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">αἰεὶ τέρμ' ὁρόων</b> always <b class="b2">keeping</b> it <b class="b2">in sight</b>, keeping his eye on it, <span class="bibl">Il.23.323</span> ; <b class="b3">φίλως χ' ὁρόῳτε καὶ εἰ δέκα πύργοι Ἀχαιῶν . . μαχοίατο</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">δέκα πύργους, εἰ μαχοίατο</b>, <span class="bibl">4.347</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ. τινά</b> <b class="b2">look to</b> (for aid), <span class="bibl">D.45.64</span> : in signfs. 1 and 11 combined, <b class="b3">οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὁρῶν τάδε</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1623</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.25.89</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο</b>, poet. for <b class="b3">ζῆν</b>, like [[βλέπειν]], <span class="bibl">Il.18.61</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.833</span>, etc.; so φῶς ὁρᾶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>375</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1523</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alc.</span>691</span>:— in Med., φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Andr.</span>113</span> (eleg.); so <b class="b3">ὁρᾶν</b> alone, τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>78</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> folld. by a clause, <b class="b3">οὐχ ὁράᾳς οἷος . .</b>; <span class="bibl">Il.21.108</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁρᾷς ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέν</b>; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>327c</span> ; <b class="b3">οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι ἥμαρτες</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>261</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">325</span>, <span class="bibl">951</span> ; <b class="b3">Διὸς . . οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπᾳ φύγοιμ' ἄν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">906</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἴδεσθέ μ' οἷα . . πάσχω</b> ib.<span class="bibl">92</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> c. part., <b class="b3">καπνὸν . . ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα</b> <b class="b2">we see</b> it rising, <span class="bibl">Od.10.99</span>; <b class="b3">ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον</b> <b class="b2">seeing</b> myself thus insulted, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>438</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">70</span>, <span class="bibl">384</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ὁρῶ σε κρύπτοντα . .</b> <b class="b2">see</b> you hiding... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>342</span> ; so <b class="b3">ὁρῶ μ' ἔργον ἐξειργασμένην</b> I <b class="b2">see that</b> I have done, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>706</span> ; cf. infr. <span class="bibl">4b</span> ; rarely in reference to the subject, <b class="b3">ὁρῶ μὲν ἐξαμαρτάνων</b> (= <b class="b3">ὅτι ἐξαμαρτάνω</b>) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>350</span>:—so in Med., ἄνδρα διωκόμενον . . ὁρῶμαι <span class="bibl">Il.22.169</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>896</span> (lyr.): also c. inf., ἑώρων οὐκέτι οἷόν τε εἶναι . . <span class="bibl">Th.8.60</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">e</span> rarely c. gen., <b class="b3">οὐδεὶς Σωκράτους οὐδὲν ἀσεβὲς . . οὔτε πράττοντος εἶδεν οὔτε λέγοντος ἤκουσεν</b> (where the Constr. is suggested by the use of <b class="b3">ἤκουσεν</b>) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.11</span> ; μέχρι βορῆος ἀπαστράψαντος ἴδηαι <span class="bibl">Arat. 430</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">see to</b>, ἴδε πῶμα <span class="bibl">Od.8.443</span> ; <b class="b2">look out for, provide</b>, τινί τι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 1165</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.2</span> ; πρόβατον εἰς ὁλοκάρπωσιν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>22.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> the inf. is used after an Adj., δεινὸς ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Sol.13.6</span> ; εὐφεγγὴς ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>387</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">398</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>174</span>, <span class="bibl">176</span>, al. (cf. Εἴδω A.1.1 a) ; <b class="b3">ἐχθίστου . . ὁρᾶν</b> most hateful <b class="b2">to behold</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>818</span> ; ὦ πάτερ δύσμοιρ' ὁρᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>327</span> ; ὁρᾶν στυγνὸς ἦν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.6.9</span>:—Med. or Pass., αἰσχρὸς ὁρᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyn.</span> 3.3</span> : with an Adv., μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>349</span> : with a Subst., ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>644</span> : with a Verb, πρέπουσι . . ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>720</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>792</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Med. is used by Poets like Act., <span class="bibl">Il.13.99</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>179</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>407</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>594</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>306</span>, <span class="bibl">Cratin.138</span>, etc., v. supr. <span class="bibl">11.1</span> b, c: but in Prose Med. occurs only in compds., as <b class="b3">προ-ορῶμαι</b>: for the imper. <b class="b3">ἰδοῦ, ἰδού</b>, v. [[ἰδοῦ]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> no Pass. is used by Hom.; in Att. the Pass. has the sense <b class="b2">to be seen</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>998</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>411</span>, etc.: c. part., <b class="b3">ὤφθημεν ὄντες ἄθλιοι</b> <b class="b2">was seen</b> in my wretchedness, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">IT</span>933</span> ; ὀφθήσεται διώκων <b class="b2">he will prove to be . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>239c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span> 178e</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ὁρώμενα</b> <b class="b2">all that is seen, things visible</b>, like [[τὰ ὁρατά]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span> 130a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> metaph., of mental sight, <b class="b2">discern, perceive</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>945</span>, etc.; so blind Oedipus says, <b class="b3">φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον</b> I <b class="b2">see</b> by sound, as the saying is, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>138</span> (anap.); ἂν οἴνου . . ὀσμὴν ἴδωσιν <span class="bibl">Alex.222.4</span> ; cf. supr. <span class="bibl">1.4</span>, δέρκομαι <span class="bibl">1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> abs., <b class="b2">see visions</b>, ὁ ἀληθινῶς ὁρῶν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Nu.</span>24.3</span>,<span class="bibl">15</span> :—Pass., <b class="b2">appear in a vision</b>, <b class="b3">ὤφθη ἄγγελος πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Jd.</span>13.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">interview</b>, <b class="b3">ἐμνήσθης μοι ἰδεῖν τὸν κεραμέα περὶ τῶν κεραμίων</b> you told me to <b class="b2">see</b> the potter about the jars, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>264</span> (iii B.C.).</span>
|Definition=contr. ὁρῶ even in <span class="bibl">Il.3.234</span>, Ep. ὁρόω <span class="bibl">5.244</span>, etc.; Aeol. ὄρημι (q. v.); Ion. ὁρέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.80</span>, etc., 2sg. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ὁρῇς <span class="bibl">Herod.2.67</span>, al., 3sg. ὁρῇ <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Carn.</span>17</span>, <span class="title">Vid.Ac.</span>I; inf. ὁρῆν <span class="bibl">Democr.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Carn.</span>2</span> (but 2sg. ὁρᾷς <span class="bibl">Archil.87</span>, 3sg. ὁρᾷ <span class="bibl">Semon.7.80</span>, cf. κατορᾷ <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.38</span>; 1pl. ὁρῶμεν <span class="bibl">Id.5.40</span>; 3pl. <b class="b3">ὁρῶσι</b> (ἐπ-) <span class="bibl">Id.1.124</span>; inf. <b class="b3">ὁρᾶν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">33</span>, <span class="bibl">2.64</span>): the forms <b class="b3">ὁρῇς, ὁρῇ, ὁρῆν</b> (exc. when found in Dor., as <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.2, 15,47 (Epid., iv B. C.); impf. 3sg. <b class="b3">ἑώρη</b> ib.28,70) seem to imply <b class="b3">ὁρή-ω</b> (cf. [[ὄρημι]]), but <b class="b3">ὁρᾷ, ὁρῶμεν, ὁρῶσι</b>, etc. imply <b class="b3">ὁρᾰ-ω</b>: Att. impf. ἑώρων <span class="bibl">Th.1.51</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>713</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>354</span>, (ἐ-) <span class="title">SIG</span>344.110 (Teos, iv B. C.); Ion. 3sg. ὥρα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.11</span>, <span class="bibl">3.72</span>, 1pl. <b class="b3">ὡρῶμεν</b> (v.l. [[ὁρῶμεν]]) <span class="bibl">Id.2.131</span>,2pl. ὡρᾶτε <span class="bibl">Id.7.8</span>.<b class="b3">β'</b>, 3pl. ὥρων <span class="bibl">Id.4.3</span>, etc.; Ep. 3sg. ὅρα <span class="bibl">Il.16.646</span>, cf. [[ὄρημι]]: pf. <b class="b3">ἑόρᾱκα</b>, a form required by the metre in many passages, as <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span> 32</span>, <span class="bibl">33</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>1573</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>98</span>, <span class="bibl">1045</span>, <span class="bibl">Eup.181.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.272.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>166</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pk.</span>270</span>, <span class="bibl">Bato 5.11</span>, etc., whereas the metre never requires <b class="b3">ἑώρακα</b>; whence <b class="b3">ἑόρακα, -άκη</b> ought always to be restored in early Att. writers, though <b class="b3">ἑώρακα</b> was used in later Gr., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2p.55</span> (iii B. C.), <span class="title">SIG</span>685.74 (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>119.43</span> (ii B. C.), cf. Theognost.<span class="title">Can.</span>150 (<b class="b3">ἑώρακε&lt;ν&gt;</b> is prob. in <span class="bibl">Men.5</span> D.): <b class="b3">ἑωρ-</b> in the impf. prob. comes from <b class="b3">ἠ- ϝορ-</b> (with a long form of the augment, cf. <b class="b3">ἠειδ-</b> (ᾐδ-) in impf. of <b class="b3">οἶδα</b>, while <b class="b3">ἑορ-</b> in the pf. comes from <b class="b3">ϝε-ϝορ-</b>, v. infr.: Ion. pf. ὁρώρηκα <span class="bibl">Herod.4.77</span>, al., also <b class="b3">ὥρηκα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">40</span> ; Dor. pf. part. ὡρακυῖα <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.6 (Epid., iv B. C.); 1sg. <b class="b3">ὥρακα</b> Baillet <b class="b2">Inscr. destombeaux des rois</b> 1210: an aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἐσορήσαις</b> only f.l. in <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>247.16</span>:—Med. <b class="b3">ὁράομαι</b>, contr. <b class="b3">ὁρῶμαι</b> even in <span class="bibl">Il.13.99</span> ; Ep. 2sg. ὅρηαι <span class="bibl">Od.14.343</span> (v. <b class="b3">ὄρημι</b>): impf. <b class="b3">ἑωρώμην</b>, also <b class="b3">ὡρώμην</b> (προ-) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>2.25</span>, Ep. 3sg. ὁρᾶτο <span class="bibl">Il.1.56</span>:—Pass., pf. ἑώραμαι <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.110</span>, <span class="bibl">D.54.16</span> : aor. <b class="b3">ἑωράθην</b> only in late Prose, <span class="bibl">D.S.20.6</span> ; inf. ὁρᾱθῆναι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">MA</span>699b19</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Def.</span>411b</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Jud.Voc.</span> 6</span>, etc.: fut. ὁραθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>10.12</span> : verb. Adj. <b class="b3">ὁρᾱτός, ὁρᾱτέον</b> (qq. v.).—Hom. uses contr. forms, as <b class="b3">ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ, ὅρα, ὁρᾶν, ὁρῶν, ὁρῶμαι, ὁρᾶται, ὁρᾶσθαι, ὁρώμενος</b>, as well as lengthd. Ep. <b class="b3">ὁρόω, ὁράᾳς, ὁράασθαι, ὁρόων</b>, 2pl. opt. ὁρόῳτε <span class="bibl">Il.4.347</span>, etc. ; besides these forms from <b class="b3">ὁρα-</b> (ὁρη-) we have </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> from root <b class="b3">ὀπ-</b> (v. <b class="b3">ὄψ</b>) the only fut. in use, <b class="b3">ὄψομαι</b>, always in act. sense, <span class="bibl">Il.24.704</span>, and Att., Ep. 2sg. ὄψεαι <span class="bibl">8.471</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.24.511</span>: a rare aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἐπ-όψατο</b> in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>88.6</span> (for <b class="b3">ἐπιώψατο</b>, v. [[ἐπιόψομαι]]); subj. ὄψησθε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>13.28</span> (where the v.l. [[ὄψεσθε]] may be right): pf. ὄπωπα <span class="bibl">Il.6.124</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.94</span>, <span class="bibl">Emp.109</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.37</span>,<span class="bibl">63</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Carn.</span>17</span>; Trag. and Com., as <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>57</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>6</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1157</span>,<span class="bibl">1225</span>, never in Att. Prose: plpf. 3sg. ὀπώπει <span class="bibl">Od.21.123</span>, ὀπώπεε <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.92</span>.<b class="b3">ζ'</b>; ὀπώπεσαν <span class="bibl">Id.7.125</span> :—Pass., aor. 1 <b class="b3">ὤφθην</b> <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>709</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>970</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.73</span>, etc. ; opt. (Ion.) ὀφθείησαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.7</span> ; part. <b class="b3">ὀφθείς</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ὀφθῆναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.9</span>,<span class="bibl">10</span> (for <b class="b3">ἐπι-οφθέντας</b>, v. [[ἐπιόψομαι]]): fut. ὀφθήσομαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>452</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1155</span>, <span class="bibl">And.2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.34</span> : pf. ὦμμαι <span class="bibl">Is.<span class="title">Fr.</span>165</span>, ὦψαι <span class="bibl">D.18.263</span>, ὦπται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>998</span>, <span class="bibl">D.24.66</span>; cf. [[ὀπτέον]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> from <b class="b3">ϝιδ-</b> are formed aor. Act. <b class="b3">εἶδον</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ἰδεῖν</b> : aor. Med. <b class="b3">εἰδόμην</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ἰδέσθαι</b> : pf. with pres. sense <b class="b3">οἶδα</b> <b class="b2">I know</b>, inf. <b class="b3">εἰδέναι</b> : verb. Adj. <b class="b3">ἰστέος</b> (for these tenses, v. [[Εἴδω]]). (<b class="b3">ὁρ-</b> prob. from <b class="b3">ϝορ-</b>, as indicated by the impf. and pf. forms ; cf. [[βῶροι]] (i.e. <b class="b3">ϝῶροι</b>), Engl. (<b class="b2">a)ware</b>.) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">0-0</span>Senses: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> abs., <b class="b2">see, look</b>, freq. in Hom.; <b class="b3">εἴς τι</b> or <b class="b3">εἴς τινα</b> to or at a thing or person, <span class="bibl">Il.24.633</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.373</span>, al., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>607</span> ; εἰς τὸν πράττοντα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1460a14</span> :—Med., <span class="bibl">Od.5.439</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>534</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>188</span> ; but <b class="b3">ἔς τινα ὁρᾶν</b> <b class="b2">to be of</b> so-and-so's <b class="b2">party</b>, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VS</span>1.18</span> ; <b class="b3">εἰς τὴν Ἀττάλου καθαίρεσιν εἶδεν</b> <b class="b2">aimed</b> at... <span class="bibl">Zos.6.12</span> ; for κατ' αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα <span class="bibl">Il.16.646</span>, Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται <span class="bibl">24.291</span>, cf. καθοράω <span class="bibl">11</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁρόων ἐπ' ἀπείρονα πόντον</b> <b class="b2">looking</b> over the sea, <span class="bibl">1.350</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁρᾶν πρός τι</b> <b class="b2">look towards</b>, ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν <span class="bibl">Th.2.93</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>7.496 (Simon., cj.) ; <b class="b3">πρὸς πλοῦν ὁρᾷ</b> <b class="b2">looks</b> to sail (i.e. is ready), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>[1624]</span>; ὁ. ἐπὶ τὴν προδοσίαν <span class="bibl">D.S.36.3</span> ; πρὸς σπονδάς <span class="bibl">Id.33.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">have sight</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μὴ ὁρᾶν</b>, to be blind, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>84</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅσ' ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ' ὁρῶντα λέξομεν</b> [though I am blind,] my words <b class="b2">shall have eyes</b>, i.e. shall be to the purpose, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>74</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐν σκότῳ . . οὓς μὲν οὐκ ἔδει ὀψοίαθ'</b>, i.e. should be blind, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>1274</span>; <b class="b3">ἀμβλύτερον ὁ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">ὀξύτερον βλέπειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>596a</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ σμικρὸν ὁ</b>. <b class="b2">to be</b> short-<b class="b2">sighted</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>174e</span>; ὁ. βραχύ τι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>488b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">see</b> to, <b class="b2">look</b> to, i.e. <b class="b2">take</b> or <b class="b2">give heed</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.10.239</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ. εἰς γλῶσσαν . . ἀνδρός</b> <b class="b2">look</b> to, <b class="b2">pay heed</b> to, <span class="bibl">Sol.11.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>104</span> (lyr.): freq. in imper., like [[βλέπε]], folld. by a dependent clause, ὅρα ὅπως . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>300</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Th.5.27</span>; <b class="b3">ὅρα εἰ . .</b> <b class="b2">see</b> whether... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>997</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>118</span>, etc.; also ὅρα μὴ . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 30</span>,<span class="bibl">519</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὅρα τί ποιεῖς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">589</span> ; πῶς . . ὑπερδικεῖς, ὅρα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>652</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ὁρᾷς</b>; <b class="b3">ὁρᾶτε</b>; <b class="b2">see'st thou? d'ye see?</b> parenthetically, esp. in explanations, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>355</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>490</span>, etc.; ὡς ὁρᾷς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1114</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>365</span> ; also <b class="b3">ὁρᾷς</b>; at the beginning of a sentence, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>628</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>87</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀλλ'—ὁρᾷς</b>; but, <b class="b2">do you see . . ?</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>336b</span>; ὁρᾷς οὖν . . ὅτι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>475e</span> ; <b class="b3">οὐχ ὁρᾷς</b>; ironically, <span class="bibl">D.18.232</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> c. acc. cogn., like [[βλέπω]] 11, <b class="b2">look</b> so and so, δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>426</span> ; ὁρᾶν ἀλκάν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.111</span> ; ἔαρ ὁρόωσα Νύχεια <span class="bibl">Theoc.13.45</span> ; also <b class="b3">ἡδέως ὁρᾶν</b> <b class="b2">look</b> pleasant, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1122</span>: c. acc., κακῶς ὁρᾶν τινα <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>7.42</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> trans., <b class="b2">see</b> an object, <b class="b2">behold, perceive, observe</b>, c. acc., freq. in Hom., etc.: pf. <b class="b3">ὄπωπα</b> exclusively in this sense, <span class="bibl">Il.2.799</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.94</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμοῖσιν</b> or <b class="b3">ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν</b> <b class="b2">to see with</b> or <b class="b2">before</b> the eyes, <span class="bibl">Il.24.392</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.459</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">αἰεὶ τέρμ' ὁρόων</b> always <b class="b2">keeping</b> it <b class="b2">in sight</b>, keeping his eye on it, <span class="bibl">Il.23.323</span> ; <b class="b3">φίλως χ' ὁρόῳτε καὶ εἰ δέκα πύργοι Ἀχαιῶν . . μαχοίατο</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">δέκα πύργους, εἰ μαχοίατο</b>, <span class="bibl">4.347</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ. τινά</b> <b class="b2">look to</b> (for aid), <span class="bibl">D.45.64</span> : in signfs. 1 and 11 combined, <b class="b3">οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὁρῶν τάδε</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1623</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.25.89</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο</b>, poet. for <b class="b3">ζῆν</b>, like [[βλέπειν]], <span class="bibl">Il.18.61</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.833</span>, etc.; so φῶς ὁρᾶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>375</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1523</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alc.</span>691</span>:— in Med., φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Andr.</span>113</span> (eleg.); so <b class="b3">ὁρᾶν</b> alone, τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>78</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> folld. by a clause, <b class="b3">οὐχ ὁράᾳς οἷος . .</b>; <span class="bibl">Il.21.108</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁρᾷς ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέν</b>; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>327c</span> ; <b class="b3">οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι ἥμαρτες</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>261</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">325</span>, <span class="bibl">951</span> ; <b class="b3">Διὸς . . οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπᾳ φύγοιμ' ἄν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">906</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἴδεσθέ μ' οἷα . . πάσχω</b> ib.<span class="bibl">92</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> c. part., <b class="b3">καπνὸν . . ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα</b> <b class="b2">we see</b> it rising, <span class="bibl">Od.10.99</span>; <b class="b3">ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον</b> <b class="b2">seeing</b> myself thus insulted, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>438</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">70</span>, <span class="bibl">384</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ὁρῶ σε κρύπτοντα . .</b> <b class="b2">see</b> you hiding... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>342</span> ; so <b class="b3">ὁρῶ μ' ἔργον ἐξειργασμένην</b> I <b class="b2">see that</b> I have done, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>706</span> ; cf. infr. <span class="bibl">4b</span> ; rarely in reference to the subject, <b class="b3">ὁρῶ μὲν ἐξαμαρτάνων</b> (= <b class="b3">ὅτι ἐξαμαρτάνω</b>) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>350</span>:—so in Med., ἄνδρα διωκόμενον . . ὁρῶμαι <span class="bibl">Il.22.169</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>896</span> (lyr.): also c. inf., ἑώρων οὐκέτι οἷόν τε εἶναι . . <span class="bibl">Th.8.60</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">e</span> rarely c. gen., <b class="b3">οὐδεὶς Σωκράτους οὐδὲν ἀσεβὲς . . οὔτε πράττοντος εἶδεν οὔτε λέγοντος ἤκουσεν</b> (where the Constr. is suggested by the use of <b class="b3">ἤκουσεν</b>) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.11</span> ; μέχρι βορῆος ἀπαστράψαντος ἴδηαι <span class="bibl">Arat. 430</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">see to</b>, ἴδε πῶμα <span class="bibl">Od.8.443</span> ; <b class="b2">look out for, provide</b>, τινί τι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 1165</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.2</span> ; πρόβατον εἰς ὁλοκάρπωσιν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>22.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> the inf. is used after an Adj., δεινὸς ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Sol.13.6</span> ; εὐφεγγὴς ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>387</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">398</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>174</span>, <span class="bibl">176</span>, al. (cf. Εἴδω A.1.1 a) ; <b class="b3">ἐχθίστου . . ὁρᾶν</b> most hateful <b class="b2">to behold</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>818</span> ; ὦ πάτερ δύσμοιρ' ὁρᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>327</span> ; ὁρᾶν στυγνὸς ἦν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.6.9</span>:—Med. or Pass., αἰσχρὸς ὁρᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyn.</span> 3.3</span> : with an Adv., μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>349</span> : with a Subst., ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>644</span> : with a Verb, πρέπουσι . . ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>720</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>792</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Med. is used by Poets like Act., <span class="bibl">Il.13.99</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>179</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>407</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>594</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>306</span>, <span class="bibl">Cratin.138</span>, etc., v. supr. <span class="bibl">11.1</span> b, c: but in Prose Med. occurs only in compds., as <b class="b3">προ-ορῶμαι</b>: for the imper. <b class="b3">ἰδοῦ, ἰδού</b>, v. [[ἰδοῦ]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> no Pass. is used by Hom.; in Att. the Pass. has the sense <b class="b2">to be seen</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>998</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>411</span>, etc.: c. part., <b class="b3">ὤφθημεν ὄντες ἄθλιοι</b> <b class="b2">was seen</b> in my wretchedness, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">IT</span>933</span> ; ὀφθήσεται διώκων <b class="b2">he will prove to be . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>239c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span> 178e</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ὁρώμενα</b> <b class="b2">all that is seen, things visible</b>, like [[τὰ ὁρατά]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span> 130a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> metaph., of mental sight, <b class="b2">discern, perceive</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>945</span>, etc.; so blind Oedipus says, <b class="b3">φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον</b> I <b class="b2">see</b> by sound, as the saying is, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>138</span> (anap.); ἂν οἴνου . . ὀσμὴν ἴδωσιν <span class="bibl">Alex.222.4</span> ; cf. supr. <span class="bibl">1.4</span>, δέρκομαι <span class="bibl">1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> abs., <b class="b2">see visions</b>, ὁ ἀληθινῶς ὁρῶν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Nu.</span>24.3</span>,<span class="bibl">15</span> :—Pass., <b class="b2">appear in a vision</b>, <b class="b3">ὤφθη ἄγγελος πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Jd.</span>13.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">interview</b>, <b class="b3">ἐμνήσθης μοι ἰδεῖν τὸν κεραμέα περὶ τῶν κεραμίων</b> you told me to <b class="b2">see</b> the potter about the jars, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>264</span> (iii B.C.).</span>
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0367.png Seite 367]] bei Hom. theils zusammengezogen, ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ u. s. w., theils gedehnt, [[ὁρόω]], ὁράᾳς u. s. w., ion. auch [[ὁρέω]], ὁρέομεν, im praes. med. [[ὅρηαι]] (schlechter Acc. ὁρῆαι) wie von ὅρημαι, Od. 14, 343; impf. bei den Att. ἑώρων, perf. ἑώρακα, bei den att. Dichtern gew. dreisylbig zu sprechen, weshalb auch ἑόρακα in diesem Falle geschrieben wird, Eur. Phoen. 1367; pass. ἑώραμαι, u. aor. ἑωράθην, nur bei Sp., u. adj. verb. [[ὁρατός]], ὁρατέος. – Dazu gehört von οπ fut. [[ὄψομαι]] u. aor. ὠψάμην, nur in der Form ὄψαιντο (vgl. Lob. Phryn. 734) vorkommend; perf. [[ὄπωπα]], nur poetisch, aor. pass. ὤφθην, u. fut. ὀφθήσομαι; u. selten auch perf. pass. ὦμμαι, ὦφθαι, adj. verb. [[ὀπτός]], ὀπτέος; – u. von ιδ aor. [[εἶδον]], inf. [[ἰδεῖν]], part. ἰδών u. s. w., conj. auch ἴδωμι, Il. 22, 450, imper. nach Moeris ἰδέ, wie auch Plat. Phileb. 12 c accentuirt ist; med. εἰδόμην, ἰδέσθαι (das perf. [[οἶδα]] s. oben unter ειδω); – <b class="b2">sehen</b>; absol., sehend sein, blicken, ὁ γὰρ [[οἶος]] ὃρα [[πρόσσω]] καὶ [[ὀπίσσω]], Od. 24, 452 (s. [[ὀπίσω]]) ὡς ὁρᾶτε, Aesch. Prom. 677, u. sonst; auch ἴδοιτο πρευμενοῦς ἀπ' ὄμματος, Suppl. 207; ὀφθαλμοῖς, Soph. Ai. 84; – ἔς τι, z. B. ἐς γενεὴν ὁρόων, Il. 10, 239; ἰδέσθω δ' ἐς ὕβριν βρότειον, Aesch. Suppl. 97; πρὸς [[πρᾶγμα]], 706; μηδὲν εἰς κεῖνόν γ' ὅρα, Soph. El. 913; φιλεῖ γὰρ πρὸς τὰ χρηστὰ πᾶς ὁρᾶν, 960; εἰς ἕν καὶ ἐπὶ πολλα, Plat. Phaedr. 266 b; ἧστο [[κάτω]] ὁρόων, Od. 23, 91; δεῦρο, Il. 17, 637; ἐς ἀλλήλους, auf einander blicken, 24, 633; vgl. Od. 5, 439. 18, 219. 19, 514. 20, 373, öfter; u. eben so im med., Hes. O. 536; κατ' αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα, er sah immer auf sie von oben herab, Il. 16, 646; κατὰ Τροίην, auf Troja herunter sehen, 24, 291; ἐπὶ πόντον, er sah über das Meer hin, 1, 350; oft ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἰδών, Hom.; – absolut braucht Hom. [[ὑπόδρα]] ἰδών, [[ἄντα]], ἀχρεῖον ἰδών; – auch <b class="b2">zusehen, sich vorsehen</b>, sich hüten, besonders ὅρα, siehe wohl zu, ὅρα εἰ, siehe wohl zu, ob, Aesch. Prom. 946; ὅρα, εἴ τι ἄλλο λέγεις, Plat. Phaed. 118, öfter; ὁρᾶτε, Ar. Plut. 215; ὅρα, μή, hüte dich, Tragg. u. in Prosa (s. μή u. [[ὅπως]]); auch parenthetisch, ὁρᾷς, siehst du! καὶ νῦν γ' ὅτι Κλεισθένη [[εἶδον]], ὁρᾷς, διὰ τοῦτ' ἐγένοντο γυναῖκες, Ar. Nubb. 354, vgl. Thesm. 490. 496 Eccl. 104; ἀλλ' ὁρᾷς, δίκαια δοκεῖ λέγειν, d. i. offenbar scheint er zu sagen, Plat. Prot. 336 b, öfter; vgl. ὁρᾶτε γάρ, [[ἐπειδή]] –, Legg. III, 699 e; – c. acc., [[ὄφρα]] δέ μοι ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ [[φάος]] ἠελίοιο, Il. 18, 61, öfter; ἄνδρ' [[ὁρόω]] κρατερώ, 5, 244; ὕβριν, Pind. P. 10, 36; Tragg. u. in Prosa, ὁρᾶτε δεσμώτην ἐμέ, Aesch. Prom. 119; – mit folgendem ὅτι, οὐχ ὁρᾷς, ὅτι ἥμαρτες; ibd. 259, vgl. 953, öfter; μὴ δῆτ' ἴδοιμι ταύτην ἡμέραν, Soph. O. R. 831, möchte ich diesen Tag nicht sehen, nicht erleben; ὁ πάνθ' ὁρῶν [[χρόνος]], 1213, öfter; – mit folgender indirecter Frage, οὐχ ὁράᾳς, [[οἷος]] κἀγὼ [[καλός]] τε [[μέγας]] τε, Il. 21, 108; ὅρα νυν, εἴ σοι ταῦτ' ἀρωγὰ φαίνεται, Aesch. Prom. 999; Eum. 137; τὰν Διὸς γὰρ οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπᾳ φύγοιμ' ἄν, mit einer sehr geläufigen Umsetzung des Objects, ich sehe nicht, wie ich dem Rathschlusse des Zeus entfliehen könnte, Prom. 908; ἴδεσθέ μ' οἷα πρὸς θεῶν [[πάσχω]] [[θεός]], 92; ἴδεθ' ὅπη προνέμεται [[Ἄρης]], Soph. El. 1376; vgl. Plat. ὁρᾷς οὖν ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέν; Rep. I, 327 c; ὁρῶντας τοὺς στρατηγούς, οἷα πεπόνθασιν, Xen. An. 3, 2, 8, was den Feldherren widerfahren ist, vgl. 4, 7, 11. 6, 2, 23; sehr gewöhnlich mit acc. u. partic. (statt des inf.), καπνὸν δ' οἶον ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα, den Rauch sich erheben sehen, Od. 10, 99; φίλον ἄνδρα διωκόμενον περὶ [[τεῖχος]] ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρῶμαι, Il. 22, 169; εἶπέ τιν' αὐτὸς ὁρᾶν αὐξομέναν, Pind. Ol. 7, 62; ὁρῶ κυροῦντα τόνδε τῶν ἐπαξίων, Aesch. Prom. 70; χλιδῶντας ὧδε τοὺς ἐμοὺς ἐγὼ ἐχθροὺς ἴδοιμι, 975; ὁρῶ δὲ φεύγοντ' αἰετόν, Pers. 201; ἰδὼν τὸν ἄνδρα τόνδε κείμενον, da ich diesen Mann hier liegen sah, Ag. 1563, öfter; πολλὰ γάρ σε θεσπίζονθ' ὁρῶ, Soph. O. C. 1512; οὐ γὰρ δίκαιά σ' ἐξαμαρτάνονθ' ὁρῶ, Ant. 739; [[ἤδη]] γὰρ [[εἶδον]] [[πολλάκις]] καὶ τοὺς σοφοὺς λόγῳ [[μάτην]] θνήσκοντας, El. 62; ὁρῶ σε δεξιὰν κρύπτοντα χεῖρα, Eur. Hec. 343; ὁρῶ τοὺς οἰκοδόμους μεταπεμπομένους συμβούλους περὶ τῶν οἰκοδομημάτων, Plat. Prot. 319 b; ὡς εἶδε τὸν Κλέαρχον διελαύνοντα, Xen. An. 1, 5, 12; u. überall in Prosa, auch pass., [[ὅταν]] ὀφθῶσι διαλεγόμενοι ἀλλήλοις, Plat. Phaedr. 232 a; Eur. I. T. 933. Auch auf leblose Dinge, wie bei uns, übertragen, ἦ πᾶσ' [[ἀνάγκη]] τήνδε τὴν στέγην [[ἰδεῖν]] τά τ' [[ὄντα]] καὶ μέλλοντα κακά; Soph. El. 1489; μηδ' ὄψεταί νιν [[φέγγος]] ἡλίου, wird ihn nicht anblicken, Trach. 603; u. gewagter, ὅσ' ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ' ὁρῶντα λέξομεν, O. C. 74. – Hom. u. die folgdn Dichter haben oft das med. in ganz gleicher Bedeutung mit dem act., ὀφθαλμοῖσιν oder ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἰδέσθαι, vor Augen sehen, oft bei Hom., ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι, Od. 6, 126, ich will doch einen Versuch machen u. zusehen, vgl. 21, 159; so auch ohne πειράομαι, 4, 22. 10, 44; u. beim geistigen Wahrnehmen vrbdt er [[ὄφρα]] ἴδωμαι ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἠδὲ [[δαείω]], Il. 21, 61, vgl. 4, 249 Od. 21, 112; ἰδέσθαι, Pind. P. 1, 26 I. 3, 68; Trsgg., ἴδεσθε χώρας τὴν διπλῆν τυραννίδα, Aesch. Ch. 967, öfter; Soph. Ant. 590 Trach. 305 u. sonst. – In allgemeiner Bdtg wird ὁρᾶν nicht bloß vom inneren geistigen Sehen, sondern von allem Wahrnehmen durch die Sinne gebraucht, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ τὸ φατιζόμενον, Soph. O. C. 687. – Mit Accusativen, wie ἀλκήν, θυμόν verbunden, eigtl. Muth sehen, aus den Augen strahlen, blicken lassen, Pind. Ol. 9, 111; ὁρᾶν σεμνὸν καὶ βλοσυρόν, Ael. V. H. 12, 21. – Im pass. nicht bloß gesehen werden, sondern auch sich zeigen, sich sehen lassen, erscheinen, bes. Att., τὰ ὁρώμενα, sichtbare Dinge, Plat. Parmen. 130 a.
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Revision as of 19:15, 2 August 2017

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Full diacritics: ὁράω Medium diacritics: ὁράω Low diacritics: οράω Capitals: ΟΡΑΩ
Transliteration A: horáō Transliteration B: horaō Transliteration C: orao Beta Code: o(ra/w

English (LSJ)

contr. ὁρῶ even in Il.3.234, Ep. ὁρόω 5.244, etc.; Aeol. ὄρημι (q. v.); Ion. ὁρέω Hdt.1.80, etc., 2sg.

   A ὁρῇς Herod.2.67, al., 3sg. ὁρῇ Hp.Carn.17, Vid.Ac.I; inf. ὁρῆν Democr.11, Hp.Carn.2 (but 2sg. ὁρᾷς Archil.87, 3sg. ὁρᾷ Semon.7.80, cf. κατορᾷ Hdt.2.38; 1pl. ὁρῶμεν Id.5.40; 3pl. ὁρῶσι (ἐπ-) Id.1.124; inf. ὁρᾶν ib.33, 2.64): the forms ὁρῇς, ὁρῇ, ὁρῆν (exc. when found in Dor., as IG42(1).122.2, 15,47 (Epid., iv B. C.); impf. 3sg. ἑώρη ib.28,70) seem to imply ὁρή-ω (cf. ὄρημι), but ὁρᾷ, ὁρῶμεν, ὁρῶσι, etc. imply ὁρᾰ-ω: Att. impf. ἑώρων Th.1.51, Ar.Pl.713, Nu.354, (ἐ-) SIG344.110 (Teos, iv B. C.); Ion. 3sg. ὥρα Hdt.1.11, 3.72, 1pl. ὡρῶμεν (v.l. ὁρῶμεν) Id.2.131,2pl. ὡρᾶτε Id.7.8.β', 3pl. ὥρων Id.4.3, etc.; Ep. 3sg. ὅρα Il.16.646, cf. ὄρημι: pf. ἑόρᾱκα, a form required by the metre in many passages, as Ar.Th. 32, 33, Av.1573, Pl.98, 1045, Eup.181.3, Alex.272.1, Men.Epit.166, Pk.270, Bato 5.11, etc., whereas the metre never requires ἑώρακα; whence ἑόρακα, -άκη ought always to be restored in early Att. writers, though ἑώρακα was used in later Gr., PPetr.2p.55 (iii B. C.), SIG685.74 (ii B. C.), UPZ119.43 (ii B. C.), cf. Theognost.Can.150 (ἑώρακε<ν> is prob. in Men.5 D.): ἑωρ- in the impf. prob. comes from ἠ- ϝορ- (with a long form of the augment, cf. ἠειδ- (ᾐδ-) in impf. of οἶδα, while ἑορ- in the pf. comes from ϝε-ϝορ-, v. infr.: Ion. pf. ὁρώρηκα Herod.4.77, al., also ὥρηκα ib.40 ; Dor. pf. part. ὡρακυῖα IG42(1).122.6 (Epid., iv B. C.); 1sg. ὥρακα Baillet Inscr. destombeaux des rois 1210: an aor. 1 ἐσορήσαις only f.l. in Orph.Fr.247.16:—Med. ὁράομαι, contr. ὁρῶμαι even in Il.13.99 ; Ep. 2sg. ὅρηαι Od.14.343 (v. ὄρημι): impf. ἑωρώμην, also ὡρώμην (προ-) Act.Ap.2.25, Ep. 3sg. ὁρᾶτο Il.1.56:—Pass., pf. ἑώραμαι Isoc.15.110, D.54.16 : aor. ἑωράθην only in late Prose, D.S.20.6 ; inf. ὁρᾱθῆναι Arist.MA699b19, Pl.Def.411b, Luc.Jud.Voc. 6, etc.: fut. ὁραθήσομαι Gal.UP10.12 : verb. Adj. ὁρᾱτός, ὁρᾱτέον (qq. v.).—Hom. uses contr. forms, as ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ, ὅρα, ὁρᾶν, ὁρῶν, ὁρῶμαι, ὁρᾶται, ὁρᾶσθαι, ὁρώμενος, as well as lengthd. Ep. ὁρόω, ὁράᾳς, ὁράασθαι, ὁρόων, 2pl. opt. ὁρόῳτε Il.4.347, etc. ; besides these forms from ὁρα- (ὁρη-) we have    II from root ὀπ- (v. ὄψ) the only fut. in use, ὄψομαι, always in act. sense, Il.24.704, and Att., Ep. 2sg. ὄψεαι 8.471, Od.24.511: a rare aor. 1 ἐπ-όψατο in Pi.Fr.88.6 (for ἐπιώψατο, v. ἐπιόψομαι); subj. ὄψησθε Ev.Luc.13.28 (where the v.l. ὄψεσθε may be right): pf. ὄπωπα Il.6.124, Od.21.94, Emp.109, Hdt. 3.37,63, Hp.Art.1, Carn.17; Trag. and Com., as A.Eu.57, S.Ant.6, al., Ar.Lys.1157,1225, never in Att. Prose: plpf. 3sg. ὀπώπει Od.21.123, ὀπώπεε Hdt.5.92.ζ'; ὀπώπεσαν Id.7.125 :—Pass., aor. 1 ὤφθην S.Ant.709, E.Hec.970, Th.4.73, etc. ; opt. (Ion.) ὀφθείησαν Hdt.8.7 ; part. ὀφθείς, inf. ὀφθῆναι, Id.1.9,10 (for ἐπι-οφθέντας, v. ἐπιόψομαι): fut. ὀφθήσομαι S.Tr.452, E.HF1155, And.2.10, Lys.3.34 : pf. ὦμμαι Is.Fr.165, ὦψαι D.18.263, ὦπται A.Pr.998, D.24.66; cf. ὀπτέον.    III from ϝιδ- are formed aor. Act. εἶδον, inf. ἰδεῖν : aor. Med. εἰδόμην, inf. ἰδέσθαι : pf. with pres. sense οἶδα I know, inf. εἰδέναι : verb. Adj. ἰστέος (for these tenses, v. Εἴδω). (ὁρ- prob. from ϝορ-, as indicated by the impf. and pf. forms ; cf. βῶροι (i.e. ϝῶροι), Engl. (a)ware.)    0-0Senses:    I abs., see, look, freq. in Hom.; εἴς τι or εἴς τινα to or at a thing or person, Il.24.633, Od.20.373, al., E.Fr.607 ; εἰς τὸν πράττοντα Arist.Po.1460a14 :—Med., Od.5.439, Hes.Op.534, Fr.188 ; but ἔς τινα ὁρᾶν to be of so-and-so's party, Philostr.VS1.18 ; εἰς τὴν Ἀττάλου καθαίρεσιν εἶδεν aimed at... Zos.6.12 ; for κατ' αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα Il.16.646, Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται 24.291, cf. καθοράω 11 ; ὁρόων ἐπ' ἀπείρονα πόντον looking over the sea, 1.350 ; ὁρᾶν πρός τι look towards, ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν Th.2.93, cf. AP7.496 (Simon., cj.) ; πρὸς πλοῦν ὁρᾷ looks to sail (i.e. is ready), E.IA[1624]; ὁ. ἐπὶ τὴν προδοσίαν D.S.36.3 ; πρὸς σπονδάς Id.33.1.    2 have sight, opp. μὴ ὁρᾶν, to be blind, S.Aj.84 ; ὅσ' ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ' ὁρῶντα λέξομεν [though I am blind,] my words shall have eyes, i.e. shall be to the purpose, Id.OC74 ; ἐν σκότῳ . . οὓς μὲν οὐκ ἔδει ὀψοίαθ', i.e. should be blind, Id.OT1274; ἀμβλύτερον ὁ., opp. ὀξύτερον βλέπειν, Pl.R.596a ; ἐπὶ σμικρὸν ὁ. to be short-sighted, Id.Tht.174e; ὁ. βραχύ τι Id.R.488b.    3 see to, look to, i.e. take or give heed, Il.10.239 ; ὁ. εἰς γλῶσσαν . . ἀνδρός look to, pay heed to, Sol.11.7, cf. A.Supp.104 (lyr.): freq. in imper., like βλέπε, folld. by a dependent clause, ὅρα ὅπως . . Ar.Ec.300, cf.Th.5.27; ὅρα εἰ . . see whether... A.Pr.997, Pl.Phd.118, etc.; also ὅρα μὴ . . S.Ph. 30,519, etc.; ὅρα τί ποιεῖς ib.589 ; πῶς . . ὑπερδικεῖς, ὅρα A.Eu.652.    4 ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε; see'st thou? d'ye see? parenthetically, esp. in explanations, Ar.Nu.355, Th.490, etc.; ὡς ὁρᾷς S.El.1114, Tr.365 ; also ὁρᾷς; at the beginning of a sentence, Id.El.628, E.Andr.87 ; ἀλλ'—ὁρᾷς; but, do you see . . ?, Pl.Prt.336b; ὁρᾷς οὖν . . ὅτι Id.Grg.475e ; οὐχ ὁρᾷς; ironically, D.18.232.    5 c. acc. cogn., like βλέπω 11, look so and so, δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι Hes.Sc.426 ; ὁρᾶν ἀλκάν Pi.O.9.111 ; ἔαρ ὁρόωσα Νύχεια Theoc.13.45 ; also ἡδέως ὁρᾶν look pleasant, E.IA1122: c. acc., κακῶς ὁρᾶν τινα Philostr.VA7.42.    II trans., see an object, behold, perceive, observe, c. acc., freq. in Hom., etc.: pf. ὄπωπα exclusively in this sense, Il.2.799, Od.21.94, etc. ; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν to see with or before the eyes, Il.24.392, Od.8.459, etc. ; αἰεὶ τέρμ' ὁρόων always keeping it in sight, keeping his eye on it, Il.23.323 ; φίλως χ' ὁρόῳτε καὶ εἰ δέκα πύργοι Ἀχαιῶν . . μαχοίατο, i.e. δέκα πύργους, εἰ μαχοίατο, 4.347 ; ὁ. τινά look to (for aid), D.45.64 : in signfs. 1 and 11 combined, οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὁρῶν τάδε; A.Ag.1623, cf. D.25.89.    b ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο, poet. for ζῆν, like βλέπειν, Il.18.61, Od.4.833, etc.; so φῶς ὁρᾶν S.OT375, E.Or.1523, Alc.691:— in Med., φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι Id.Andr.113 (eleg.); so ὁρᾶν alone, τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος Id.Supp.78 (lyr.).    c folld. by a clause, οὐχ ὁράᾳς οἷος . .; Il.21.108 ; ὁρᾷς ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέν; Pl.R.327c ; οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι ἥμαρτες; A.Pr.261, cf. 325, 951 ; Διὸς . . οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπᾳ φύγοιμ' ἄν ib.906 (lyr.); ἴδεσθέ μ' οἷα . . πάσχω ib.92.    d c. part., καπνὸν . . ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα we see it rising, Od.10.99; ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον seeing myself thus insulted, A.Pr.438, cf. 70, 384, al.; ὁρῶ σε κρύπτοντα . . see you hiding... E.Hec.342 ; so ὁρῶ μ' ἔργον ἐξειργασμένην I see that I have done, S.Tr.706 ; cf. infr. 4b ; rarely in reference to the subject, ὁρῶ μὲν ἐξαμαρτάνων (= ὅτι ἐξαμαρτάνω) E.Med.350:—so in Med., ἄνδρα διωκόμενον . . ὁρῶμαι Il.22.169, cf. A.Pr.896 (lyr.): also c. inf., ἑώρων οὐκέτι οἷόν τε εἶναι . . Th.8.60.    e rarely c. gen., οὐδεὶς Σωκράτους οὐδὲν ἀσεβὲς . . οὔτε πράττοντος εἶδεν οὔτε λέγοντος ἤκουσεν (where the Constr. is suggested by the use of ἤκουσεν) X.Mem.1.1.11 ; μέχρι βορῆος ἀπαστράψαντος ἴδηαι Arat. 430.    2 see to, ἴδε πῶμα Od.8.443 ; look out for, provide, τινί τι S.Aj. 1165 (anap.), Theoc.15.2 ; πρόβατον εἰς ὁλοκάρπωσιν LXX Ge.22.8.    3 the inf. is used after an Adj., δεινὸς ἰδεῖν Sol.13.6 ; εὐφεγγὴς ἰδεῖν A. Pers.387, cf. 398, Ch.174, 176, al. (cf. Εἴδω A.1.1 a) ; ἐχθίστου . . ὁρᾶν most hateful to behold, S.Aj.818 ; ὦ πάτερ δύσμοιρ' ὁρᾶν Id.OC327 ; ὁρᾶν στυγνὸς ἦν X.An.2.6.9:—Med. or Pass., αἰσχρὸς ὁρᾶσθαι Id.Cyn. 3.3 : with an Adv., μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖν A.Ag.349 : with a Subst., ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖν Id.Th.644 : with a Verb, πρέπουσι . . ἰδεῖν Id.Supp.720, cf. S.OT792.    4 Med. is used by Poets like Act., Il.13.99, A.Pers.179, Ch.407 (lyr.), S.Ant.594 (lyr.), Tr.306, Cratin.138, etc., v. supr. 11.1 b, c: but in Prose Med. occurs only in compds., as προ-ορῶμαι: for the imper. ἰδοῦ, ἰδού, v. ἰδοῦ.    b no Pass. is used by Hom.; in Att. the Pass. has the sense to be seen, A.Pr.998,Eu.411, etc.: c. part., ὤφθημεν ὄντες ἄθλιοι was seen in my wretchedness, E. IT933 ; ὀφθήσεται διώκων he will prove to be . ., Pl.Phdr.239c, cf. Smp. 178e; τὰ ὁρώμενα all that is seen, things visible, like τὰ ὁρατά, Id.Prm. 130a.    III metaph., of mental sight, discern, perceive, S.El.945, etc.; so blind Oedipus says, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον I see by sound, as the saying is, Id.OC138 (anap.); ἂν οἴνου . . ὀσμὴν ἴδωσιν Alex.222.4 ; cf. supr. 1.4, δέρκομαι 1.2.    IV abs., see visions, ὁ ἀληθινῶς ὁρῶν LXX Nu.24.3,15 :—Pass., appear in a vision, ὤφθη ἄγγελος πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα ib.Jd.13.3.    V interview, ἐμνήσθης μοι ἰδεῖν τὸν κεραμέα περὶ τῶν κεραμίων you told me to see the potter about the jars, PCair.Zen.264 (iii B.C.).

German (Pape)

[Seite 367] bei Hom. theils zusammengezogen, ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ u. s. w., theils gedehnt, ὁρόω, ὁράᾳς u. s. w., ion. auch ὁρέω, ὁρέομεν, im praes. med. ὅρηαι (schlechter Acc. ὁρῆαι) wie von ὅρημαι, Od. 14, 343; impf. bei den Att. ἑώρων, perf. ἑώρακα, bei den att. Dichtern gew. dreisylbig zu sprechen, weshalb auch ἑόρακα in diesem Falle geschrieben wird, Eur. Phoen. 1367; pass. ἑώραμαι, u. aor. ἑωράθην, nur bei Sp., u. adj. verb. ὁρατός, ὁρατέος. – Dazu gehört von οπ fut. ὄψομαι u. aor. ὠψάμην, nur in der Form ὄψαιντο (vgl. Lob. Phryn. 734) vorkommend; perf. ὄπωπα, nur poetisch, aor. pass. ὤφθην, u. fut. ὀφθήσομαι; u. selten auch perf. pass. ὦμμαι, ὦφθαι, adj. verb. ὀπτός, ὀπτέος; – u. von ιδ aor. εἶδον, inf. ἰδεῖν, part. ἰδών u. s. w., conj. auch ἴδωμι, Il. 22, 450, imper. nach Moeris ἰδέ, wie auch Plat. Phileb. 12 c accentuirt ist; med. εἰδόμην, ἰδέσθαι (das perf. οἶδα s. oben unter ειδω); – sehen; absol., sehend sein, blicken, ὁ γὰρ οἶος ὃρα πρόσσω καὶ ὀπίσσω, Od. 24, 452 (s. ὀπίσω) ὡς ὁρᾶτε, Aesch. Prom. 677, u. sonst; auch ἴδοιτο πρευμενοῦς ἀπ' ὄμματος, Suppl. 207; ὀφθαλμοῖς, Soph. Ai. 84; – ἔς τι, z. B. ἐς γενεὴν ὁρόων, Il. 10, 239; ἰδέσθω δ' ἐς ὕβριν βρότειον, Aesch. Suppl. 97; πρὸς πρᾶγμα, 706; μηδὲν εἰς κεῖνόν γ' ὅρα, Soph. El. 913; φιλεῖ γὰρ πρὸς τὰ χρηστὰ πᾶς ὁρᾶν, 960; εἰς ἕν καὶ ἐπὶ πολλα, Plat. Phaedr. 266 b; ἧστο κάτω ὁρόων, Od. 23, 91; δεῦρο, Il. 17, 637; ἐς ἀλλήλους, auf einander blicken, 24, 633; vgl. Od. 5, 439. 18, 219. 19, 514. 20, 373, öfter; u. eben so im med., Hes. O. 536; κατ' αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα, er sah immer auf sie von oben herab, Il. 16, 646; κατὰ Τροίην, auf Troja herunter sehen, 24, 291; ἐπὶ πόντον, er sah über das Meer hin, 1, 350; oft ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἰδών, Hom.; – absolut braucht Hom. ὑπόδρα ἰδών, ἄντα, ἀχρεῖον ἰδών; – auch zusehen, sich vorsehen, sich hüten, besonders ὅρα, siehe wohl zu, ὅρα εἰ, siehe wohl zu, ob, Aesch. Prom. 946; ὅρα, εἴ τι ἄλλο λέγεις, Plat. Phaed. 118, öfter; ὁρᾶτε, Ar. Plut. 215; ὅρα, μή, hüte dich, Tragg. u. in Prosa (s. μή u. ὅπως); auch parenthetisch, ὁρᾷς, siehst du! καὶ νῦν γ' ὅτι Κλεισθένη εἶδον, ὁρᾷς, διὰ τοῦτ' ἐγένοντο γυναῖκες, Ar. Nubb. 354, vgl. Thesm. 490. 496 Eccl. 104; ἀλλ' ὁρᾷς, δίκαια δοκεῖ λέγειν, d. i. offenbar scheint er zu sagen, Plat. Prot. 336 b, öfter; vgl. ὁρᾶτε γάρ, ἐπειδή –, Legg. III, 699 e; – c. acc., ὄφρα δέ μοι ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο, Il. 18, 61, öfter; ἄνδρ' ὁρόω κρατερώ, 5, 244; ὕβριν, Pind. P. 10, 36; Tragg. u. in Prosa, ὁρᾶτε δεσμώτην ἐμέ, Aesch. Prom. 119; – mit folgendem ὅτι, οὐχ ὁρᾷς, ὅτι ἥμαρτες; ibd. 259, vgl. 953, öfter; μὴ δῆτ' ἴδοιμι ταύτην ἡμέραν, Soph. O. R. 831, möchte ich diesen Tag nicht sehen, nicht erleben; ὁ πάνθ' ὁρῶν χρόνος, 1213, öfter; – mit folgender indirecter Frage, οὐχ ὁράᾳς, οἷος κἀγὼ καλός τε μέγας τε, Il. 21, 108; ὅρα νυν, εἴ σοι ταῦτ' ἀρωγὰ φαίνεται, Aesch. Prom. 999; Eum. 137; τὰν Διὸς γὰρ οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπᾳ φύγοιμ' ἄν, mit einer sehr geläufigen Umsetzung des Objects, ich sehe nicht, wie ich dem Rathschlusse des Zeus entfliehen könnte, Prom. 908; ἴδεσθέ μ' οἷα πρὸς θεῶν πάσχω θεός, 92; ἴδεθ' ὅπη προνέμεται Ἄρης, Soph. El. 1376; vgl. Plat. ὁρᾷς οὖν ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέν; Rep. I, 327 c; ὁρῶντας τοὺς στρατηγούς, οἷα πεπόνθασιν, Xen. An. 3, 2, 8, was den Feldherren widerfahren ist, vgl. 4, 7, 11. 6, 2, 23; sehr gewöhnlich mit acc. u. partic. (statt des inf.), καπνὸν δ' οἶον ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα, den Rauch sich erheben sehen, Od. 10, 99; φίλον ἄνδρα διωκόμενον περὶ τεῖχος ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρῶμαι, Il. 22, 169; εἶπέ τιν' αὐτὸς ὁρᾶν αὐξομέναν, Pind. Ol. 7, 62; ὁρῶ κυροῦντα τόνδε τῶν ἐπαξίων, Aesch. Prom. 70; χλιδῶντας ὧδε τοὺς ἐμοὺς ἐγὼ ἐχθροὺς ἴδοιμι, 975; ὁρῶ δὲ φεύγοντ' αἰετόν, Pers. 201; ἰδὼν τὸν ἄνδρα τόνδε κείμενον, da ich diesen Mann hier liegen sah, Ag. 1563, öfter; πολλὰ γάρ σε θεσπίζονθ' ὁρῶ, Soph. O. C. 1512; οὐ γὰρ δίκαιά σ' ἐξαμαρτάνονθ' ὁρῶ, Ant. 739; ἤδη γὰρ εἶδον πολλάκις καὶ τοὺς σοφοὺς λόγῳ μάτην θνήσκοντας, El. 62; ὁρῶ σε δεξιὰν κρύπτοντα χεῖρα, Eur. Hec. 343; ὁρῶ τοὺς οἰκοδόμους μεταπεμπομένους συμβούλους περὶ τῶν οἰκοδομημάτων, Plat. Prot. 319 b; ὡς εἶδε τὸν Κλέαρχον διελαύνοντα, Xen. An. 1, 5, 12; u. überall in Prosa, auch pass., ὅταν ὀφθῶσι διαλεγόμενοι ἀλλήλοις, Plat. Phaedr. 232 a; Eur. I. T. 933. Auch auf leblose Dinge, wie bei uns, übertragen, ἦ πᾶσ' ἀνάγκη τήνδε τὴν στέγην ἰδεῖν τά τ' ὄντα καὶ μέλλοντα κακά; Soph. El. 1489; μηδ' ὄψεταί νιν φέγγος ἡλίου, wird ihn nicht anblicken, Trach. 603; u. gewagter, ὅσ' ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ' ὁρῶντα λέξομεν, O. C. 74. – Hom. u. die folgdn Dichter haben oft das med. in ganz gleicher Bedeutung mit dem act., ὀφθαλμοῖσιν oder ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἰδέσθαι, vor Augen sehen, oft bei Hom., ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι, Od. 6, 126, ich will doch einen Versuch machen u. zusehen, vgl. 21, 159; so auch ohne πειράομαι, 4, 22. 10, 44; u. beim geistigen Wahrnehmen vrbdt er ὄφρα ἴδωμαι ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἠδὲ δαείω, Il. 21, 61, vgl. 4, 249 Od. 21, 112; ἰδέσθαι, Pind. P. 1, 26 I. 3, 68; Trsgg., ἴδεσθε χώρας τὴν διπλῆν τυραννίδα, Aesch. Ch. 967, öfter; Soph. Ant. 590 Trach. 305 u. sonst. – In allgemeiner Bdtg wird ὁρᾶν nicht bloß vom inneren geistigen Sehen, sondern von allem Wahrnehmen durch die Sinne gebraucht, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ τὸ φατιζόμενον, Soph. O. C. 687. – Mit Accusativen, wie ἀλκήν, θυμόν verbunden, eigtl. Muth sehen, aus den Augen strahlen, blicken lassen, Pind. Ol. 9, 111; ὁρᾶν σεμνὸν καὶ βλοσυρόν, Ael. V. H. 12, 21. – Im pass. nicht bloß gesehen werden, sondern auch sich zeigen, sich sehen lassen, erscheinen, bes. Att., τὰ ὁρώμενα, sichtbare Dinge, Plat. Parmen. 130 a.