αἰφνίδιος
ξένῳ δὲ σιγᾶν κρεῖττον ἢ κεκραγέναι → it's better for a stranger to keep silence than to shout (Menander)
English (LSJ)
αἰφνίδιον, unforeseen, sudden, A.Pr.680, Th.2.61, Arist.EN 1117a18; ἀφικνοῦνται αἰφνίδιοι τοῖς Χίοις Th.8.14. Adv. αἰφνιδίως = suddenly, unexpectedly, surprisingly Id.2.53; also αἰφνίδιον Plu.Num.15.
Spanish (DGE)
-ον
• Prosodia: [-ῐ-]
1 imprevisto, inesperado, súbito, repentino, αἰφνίδιος μόρος A.Pr.680, ἀέρος αἰφνιδίη ταραχὴ φυλακτέη Hp.Praec.14, cf. Ar.Th.127, φόβος Arist.EN 1117a18, un mandato, Call.Del.238, τὰς ἐφόδους incursiones imprevistas Plb.2.35.6, ἔκπληξις D.C.43.33.2, ἐπεκδρομή D.C.Epit.9.11.9, συμφορά IPE 12.34.20 (Olbia II/I a.C.), cf. LXX 3Ma.3.24, Corn.ND 27, Ps.Ptol.Centil.100, θάνατος ICr.2.3.44.9 (Aptera III d.C.), como pred. ἀφικνοῦνται αἰφνίδιοι τοῖς Χίοις Th.8.14, cf. 8.28
•neutr. como adv. αἰφνίδιον θορυβεῦντι Theoc.21.5, τῆς πλήμης αἰφνίδιον ἀπελθούσης Peripl.M.Rubri 46, cf. 45, Plu.Num.15, D.C.Epit.7.1.8, S.E.M.6.8, IG 12(7).51.6 (Arcesione III d.C.), Pall.H.Laus.18.22, Aesop.170.2, 178.8
•como subst. τὸ αἰφνίδιον = lo inesperado, lo repentino, la sorpresa δουλοῖ γὰρ φρόνημα τὸ αἰφνίδιον lo repentino esclaviza el entendimiento Th.2.61, cf. D.C.38.32.4, c. gen. subjet. τὸ τῆς παρουσίας αἰ. Plb.5.6.3.
2 adv. αἰφνιδίως = inesperadamente, de repente θνῄσκειν Th.2.53, ἐμβάλλειν Plb.4.6.11, αἰ. στυγε[ρὸν τέρ] μα λαχὼν βιότου ICr.2.21.2 (II a.C.), ἐπιβάλλειν IPE 12.352.7 (Quersoneso Táurico II a.C.), cf. LXX 2Ma.14.22, IG 12(7).397.4 (Amorgos, imper.), PFay.123.21 (II d.C.), D.C.Epit.8.12.3, Vit.Aesop.G 98, Gp.16.1.10.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ος, ον :
subit, soudain ; τὸ αἰφνίδιον soudaineté ; adv. • αἰφνίδιον = soudainement.
Étymologie: αἴφνης.
German (Pape)
ον, plötzlich, unerwartet, μόρος Aesch. Prom. 683; neben ἀπροσδόκητον Thuc. 2.61; αἰφνίδιοι προσβαλόντες Pol. 1.8.28; τὸ αἰφνίδιον, die Überraschung, Plut. Crass. 9; Luc. D.Mort. 7.2.
• Adv. αἰφνιδίως, Thuc. 7.23; αἰφνίδιον Plut. Num. 15 und öfter.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
αἰφνίδιος: (ῐδ) внезапный, неожиданый (μόρος Aesch.; φρόνημα Thuc.; φόβοι Arst.).
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
αἰφνίδιος: -ον, (ἢ μᾶλλον ἀφνίδιος (πρβλ. ἄφνω) κατὰ Ἐλμσλ.). Ἀπροσδόκητος, ἐξαπινιαῖος, ταχύς, Αἰσχύλ. Πέρσ. 680, Θουκ. 2. 61, Ἀριστ. Ἠθ. Ν. 3. 8, 15. - Ἐπίρρ. -ίως, Θουκ. 2. 53· ὡσαύτως -ιον, Πλουτ. Νουμ. 15.
English (Abbott-Smith)
αἰφνίδιος (in Lk, l.c., ἐφν- WH; v. M, Pr., 35), -ον (< αἴφνης = ἄφνως, suddenly), [in LXX: Wi 17:15, II Mac 14:17, III Mac 3:24 *;]
sudden, unexpected: Lk 21:34, I Th 5:3. †
English (Strong)
from a compound of Α (as a negative particle) and φαίνω (compare ἐξαίφνης) (meaning non-apparent); unexpected, i.e. (adverbially) suddenly: sudden, unawares.
Greek Monolingual
-ια, -ιο (Α αἰφνίδιος, -ιον)
απροσδόκητος, ανέλπιστος, ξαφνικός
αρχ.
(το ουδ. εν. ως επίρρ.) τὸ αἰφνίδιον
αιφνιδίως, ξαφνικά.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < αἴφνης.
ΠΑΡ. μσν. αἰφνιδιάζω.
Greek Monotonic
αἰφνίδιος: ή ἀφνίδιος, -ον (ἄφνω), απροσδόκητος, ξαφνικός, αστραπιαίος, σε Αισχύλ., Θουκ.· επίρρ. -ίως, στον ίδ.· επίσης, -ιον, σε Πλούτ.
Middle Liddell
ἄφνω
unforeseen, sudden, Aesch., Thuc.:—adv. -ίως, Thuc.; also -ιον Plut.
Chinese
原文音譯:a⋯fn⋯dioj 埃-弗你笛哦士
詞類次數:形容詞(2)
原文字根:不-顯出 覺察
字義溯源:預料不到的,忽然的;由(α / ἄλφα)= (ἄνευ)*=不)與(φαίνω)=發光,照耀)組成;其中 (φαίνω)出自(φῶς)=光),而 (φῶς)出自(φαῦλος)X*=照耀,顯示)
出現次數:總共(2);路(1);帖前(1)
譯字彙編:
1) 忽然(2) 路21:34; 帖前5:3
Lexicon Thucydideum
repentinus, sudden, 4.125.1, 4.130.6, 5.65.5, [ubi glossema videtur esse where a gloss seems to be]. 8.20.1, 8.99.1,
Adverbialiter, adverbially 4.75.2, 4.78.4, 6.49.2, [al. leg. others read αἰφνίδιον, cf. Popp. adn. compare Poppo's note] 8.14.1, 8.28.2,
id quod repentinum est, that which is sudden, 2.61.3.
Translations
sudden
Arabic: مُبَاغِت, مُفَاجِئ; Armenian: հանկարծակի, անակնկալ; Belarusian: раптоўны; Bulgarian: внезапен; Catalan: sobtat; Cebuano: kalit; Chinese Mandarin: 突然, 急劇/急剧; Czech: náhlý; Danish: brat, pludselig; Dutch: plotseling, plotselinge; Esperanto: subita; Estonian: äkiline; Finnish: yhtäkkinen, äkillinen; French: soudain, subit; Galician: repentino, súbito; German: plötzlich, jäh; Greek: ξαφνικός, αιφνίδιος; Ancient Greek: ἄελπτος, αἰφνίδιος, ἀπροσδόκητος, ἀφνίδιος, ἐξαιφνίδιος, ἐξαπιναῖος, ἐξαπίναιος, ἐπίσσυτος, πρόσπαιος; Hebrew: פתאומי; Hungarian: hirtelen; Icelandic: skyndilegur; Irish: tobann; Italian: improvviso; Japanese: 突然の; Khmer: ភ្លាម; Korean: 급격한; Latgalian: ūms, pieškys; Latin: subitus, repentinus, repens; Latvian: pēkšņs, spējš, straujš; Livonian: aššõ; Macedonian: ненадеен, нагол; Malayalam: പെട്ടെന്ന്; Maori: ohotata, whawhati tata, matawhawhati; Mongolian Cyrillic: гэнэт; Mongolian: ᢉᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ; Occitan: subte; Old English: fǣrlīċ; Polish: nagły; Portuguese: repentino, súbito; Romanian: subit, brusc, neașteptat, neprevăzut; Russian: неожиданный, внезапный; Samoan: fa'afuase'i; Scottish Gaelic: obann, grad; Serbo-Croatian: ȉznenādan, nȅnādan, nágao; Slovak: náhly; Spanish: repentino, súbito, brusco; Swahili: ghafla; Swedish: plötslig; Tagalog: biglaan, kagyat, kaagad, bigla, mabilis, kaginsa-ginsa; Telugu: హఠాత్తుగా, అకస్మాత్తుగా; Thai: กะทันหัน; Tongan: fakatuʻupakē; Turkish: ani; Ukrainian: раптовий, несподі́ваний, наглий; Vietnamese: thình lình, đột ngột