arbor

Latin > English

arbor arboris N F :: tree; tree trunk; mast; oar; ship; gallows; spearshaft; beam; squid?

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

arbor: (arbŏs, Lucr. 1, 774; 6, 786 Lachm.; Ov. M. 2, 212; id. F. 1, 153 (but Merk.
I arbor, in both places); Verg. E. 3, 56; id. G. 2, 57; 2, 81; id. A. 3, 27; 6, 206 Rib. al.: acc. arbosem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.), ŏris, f. (m., INTER DVOS ARBORES, Inscr. Lyon, I. 27) [v. arduus.
I A tree.
   A In gen.: arbores serere, to plant, Caecil. Stat. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31; Cic. Sen. 17, 59: poni, Verg. G. 2, 278: arbos se sustulit, id. ib. 2, 57: arbores putare, Cato, R. R. 32, 1: arbores frondescere, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69: arboribus frondes redeunt, Ov. F. 3, 237: arbos silvestris, Verg. E. 3, 70: ramosa, Lucr. 5 [1096]: umbrosa, Verg. G. 2, 66; so Ov. P. 4, 5, 41: ingens, Verg. G. 2, 81: alta, Ov. M. 15, 404: summa, Verg. G. 4, 557; so Ov. M. 12, 15: patula, id. ib. 1, 106: fertilis, Verg. G. 4, 142: in quibus (arboribus) non truncus, non rami, non folia sunt, Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 178: sub ramis arboris altae, Lucr. 2, 30, and Verg. A. 7, 108: arborum rami, Vulg. Sap. 17, 17: arbor nuda sine frondibus, Ov. M. 13, 690; Vulg. Marc. 11, 8: arborum cortices, Vulg. Job, 30, 4: arbores ab radicibus subruere, Caes. B. G. 6, 27; Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 130; Vulg. Matt. 3, 10: quarum (arborum) baca, Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31: jacent sua quāque sub arbore poma, Verg. E. 7, 54; Vulg. Lev. 26, 20: fructus arborum, Quint. 8, 5, 26; Vulg. Sap. 10, 7.—
   B Spec. with gen. of species: alni, the alder-tree, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 7: fici, the fig-tree, Cic. Fl. 17, 41; Vulg. Matt. 21, 19: arbores ficorum, Col. 11, 2, 59: arbor ficus (nom.), Vulg. Jud. 9, 10: abietis arbores, fir trees, Liv. 24, 3: arbor palmae, the palm-tree, Suet. Aug. 94: cupressūs, the cypress, id. Vesp. 5: arbor sycomorus, a sycamore, Vulg. Luc. 19, 4; so, arbor morus, ib. ib. 17, 6: arbores olivarum, olive trees, ib. Exod. 27, 20.—Poet.: Jovis, the oak-tree, Ov. M. 1, 106: Phoebi, the laurel-tree, id. F. 3, 139 (cf. id. ib. 6, 91: Apollinea laurus): Palladis, the olive-tree, id. A. A. 2, 518: arbor Herculea, the poplar, Verg. G. 2, 66 (cf.: Arborum genera numinibus suis dicata perpetuo servantur, ut Jovi aesculus, Apollini laurus, Minervae olea, Veneri myrtus, Herculi populus, Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 3; Phaedr. 3, 17) al.—
II Meton.
   A Things made of wood (cf.: Mille sunt usus earum (arborum), sine quīs vita degi non possit. Arbore sulcamus, maria terrasque admovemus; arbore exaedificamus tecta; arborea et simulacra numinum fuere etc., Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5).
   1    A mast.
   (a)    With mali: adversique infigitur arbore mali, Verg. A. 5, 504.—
   (b)    Without mali, Luc. 9, 332; Sil. 3, 129; Paul. Sent. 1. 2, t. 3.—
   2    The lever or bar of a press, press-beam, Cato, R. R. 18, 4; 18, 12; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317.—
   3    An oar: centenāque arbore fluctum Verberat adsurgens, Verg. A. 10, 207.—
   4    A ship: Phrixeam petiit Pelias arbor ovem, the ship Argo, Ov. H. 12, 8.—
   5    The shaft of a javelin, a javelin, Stat. Th. 12, 769.—
   6    Euphemist.: arbor infelix, a gallows, gibbet: caput obnubito, arbori infelici suspendito, Cic. Rab. 4 fin.; Liv. 1, 26, 7; cf. Plin. 16, 26, 45, § 108 (Niebuhr, Röm. Gesch. I. § 365, compares the words of the Fries. law: am argen vordern Baum henken; cf. in Engl. to hang on the accursed tree).—
   B The fabulous polypus, which was fancied to have arms like the branches of a tree: In Gaditano Oceano arbor in tantum vastis dispansa armis, ut fretum numquam intrāsse credatur, Plin. 9, 4, 3, § 8.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

arbŏr⁷ (-bōs, poètes, surt. Virg.), ŏris, f., arbre : Cic. CM 59, etc. ;
1 arbor fici Cic. Fl. 41, le figuier, cf. Suet. Aug. 94
2 [poét.] arbor Jovis Ov. M. 1, 106, l’arbre de Jupiter [le chêne] ; Phœbi Ov. F. 3, 139, le laurier ; Palladis Ov. Ars 2, 518, l’olivier ; arbos Herculea Virg. G. 2, 66, le peuplier
3 [objets en bois] : arbos mali Virg. En. 5, 504, le bois du mât, le mât ; [ou sans mali ] Luc. 9, 332 || arbore fluctum verberare Virg. En. 10, 207, frapper les flots de l’aviron || Pelias arbor Ov. H. 12, 8, le navire Argo || [l’arbre du pressoir] Cato Agr. 18, 4 || [le javelot] Stat. Th. 12, 769 || arbor infelix Cic. Rab. perd. 13, gibet, potence.
     arch. acc. arbosem P. Fest. 15, 3 ; arboses Fest. 242, 25.

Latin > German (Georges)

arbor (Nbf. arbōs), oris (vgl. indogerm. *ardhos, Baum, hohes Gewächs, zu Wurzel *ar(e)dh-, wachsen), f., der Baum, I) eig. u. meton.: 1) eig.: fici, Feigenbaum, Cic.: arbores ficorum, Col.: abietis, Tannenbaum, Tannenstamm, Liv.: mali, Ambros.: palmae, Suet.: arbor persici, Lampr., persea, Plin.: arbor cupressus, Suet.: arbor myrtus, Serv. Verg.: arbor pinus, Hyg.: olea arbor, Amm.: Iovis, Eiche, Ov.: Phoebi, Lorbeerbaum, Ov.: Palladis, Ölbaum, Ov. – arbor novella et vetula, Cic.: arbor pomifera, Plaut.: arbor insita (gepfropfter), Col.: arbor ramosa, Lucr.: arbores maiores et magis ramosae, Liv.: arbor felix, infelix, s. 1. fēlīx, īn-fēlīx. – succīdere arborum radices, Varr. LL.: arbores caedere (fällen), Cic.: excisa est arbor, non evulsa, Cic. – kollekt., multa arbor et vitis, Curt. 7, 4 (17), 24: ager arbore infecundus, Sall. Iug. 17, 5. – 2) meton., der Baum = das aus ihm Bereitete: a) der Hebel an der Presse, Preßbaum, Preßbengel, Cato r. r. u. Plin. – b) der Mastbaum, Mast, mali, Verg. Aen. 5, 504. Hier. lib. 2. ep. 13 ed. Canis., od. arbor malus, Hyg. fab. 123, od. arbor navis, Oros. 4, 19. Serv. Verg. Aen. 5, 487: gew. bl. arbor, zB. cum curvatur (sich biegt) arbor, gubernacula gemunt, Plin. ep. 9, 26, 4: non arbor erat relicta, non gubernator, non funis, non remus, Petr.: u. arbor aut aliud navis instrumentum, ICt.: ictu fulminis deustis armamentis et arbore et antemnā, ICt.: pendentes arbore nautae, Sil.: arbores caedere (kappen), Lucan. – c) das Ruder, Verg. Aen. 10, 207. – d) das Schiff, Pelias, das Schiff Argo, Ov. her. 12, 8. – e) der Wurfspieß, ferrata, Stat. Theb. 12, 769. – II) übtr., v. fabelhaften Meerpolypen, der Arme, wie der Baum Äste u. Zweige, haben soll, Plin. 9, 8. – / arbor masc., Itala apoc. 7, 1. Itin. Anton. Hier. 15. Corp. inscr. Lat. 13. 1780. Greg. Tur. hist. Franc. 5, 3. – Nbf. arbōs gew. bei Dichtern (bei Verg. immer), s. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ Bd. 1. S. 267; doch auch Col. de arb. 20, 2. u. Arnob. 5, 7. – arch. Akk. Sing. arbosem, Paul. ex Fest. 15, 3 und Plur. arboses, Fest. 242 (a), 25.

Latin > Chinese

arbor, oris. f. :: 樹。木。桅。— infelix 死架 三木架。不實之木。— vidua 獨樹。

Translations

gallows

Arabic: مِشْنَقَة; Egyptian Arabic: مشنقة; Armenian: կախաղան; Azerbaijani: dar ağacı; Basque: urkamendi; Belarusian: шыбеніца; Bulgarian: бесило, бесилка; Burmese: ကြိုးစင်; Catalan: forca; Chinese Hokkien: 絞刑架, 绞刑架; Mandarin: 絞刑架, 绞刑架, 絞架, 绞架, 絞臺, 绞台; Czech: šibenice; Danish: galge; Dutch: galg; Esperanto: pendumilo, pendigilo; Estonian: võllas; Faroese: gálgi; Finnish: hirsipuu, hirsi, hirttopaikka; French: gibet, potence; Georgian: სახრჩობელა; German: Galgen; Alemannic German: Galge; Greek: αγχόνη, κρεμάλα; Ancient Greek: ἀγχόνη, ξύλον, φοῦρκα; Hebrew: גַּרְדּוֹם; Hungarian: akasztófa, bitófa, bitó; Icelandic: gálgi; Irish: croch; Italian: forca, patibolo; Japanese: 絞首台; Kazakh: дар, дар ағашы; Korean: 교수대(絞首臺); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: sêdare; Kyrgyz: дар, дарга; Latin: arbor, gabalus, patibulum; Latvian: kārtavas; Lithuanian: kartuvės; Low German: Galgen; Luxembourgish: Gaalgen; Macedonian: бесилка; Maori: pou tārore; Nogai: аскак; Norman: gibet; Norwegian: galge; Persian: چوبه دار, دار; Plautdietsch: Gaulj; Polish: szubienica; Portuguese: forca, cadafalso; Romanian: spânzurătoare; Russian: виселица, шибеница; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: шибеница, ве̏шала, вје̏шала; Roman: šibenica, vešala, vjȅšala; Slovak: šibenica; Slovene: vislice; Spanish: horca, patíbulo; Swedish: galge, galgbacke; Tagalog: bibitayan; Tajik: чӯбаи дор, дор; Tatar: дар; Thai: ตะแลงแกง; Turkish: darağacı; Ukrainian: шибениця; Uzbek: dor; Vietnamese: giá treo cổ, giá xử giảo; Vilamovian: guolgia; Welsh: crocbren; West Frisian: galge; Yiddish: תּליה; Zazaki: darağaci, darahenıki