ager

Latin > English

ager agri N M :: field, ground; farm, land, estate, park; territory, country; terrain; soil

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

ăger: gri, m. ἀγρός; Germ. Acker, Eng. acre, Sanscr. agras = surface, floor; Grimm conjectured that it was connected with ago, ἄγω, a pecore agendo, and this was the ancient view; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 34 Müll., and Don. ad Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 47; so the Germ. Trift = pasture, from treiben, to drive.
I In an extended sense, territory, district, domain, the whole of the soil belonging to a community (syn.: terra, tellus, arvum, solum, rus, humus; opp. terra, which includes many such possessions taken together; cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 2, 694 sq.): Ager Tusculanus, ... non terra, Varr. L. L. 7, 2, 84: praedā atque agro adfecit familiares suos, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38: abituros agro Achivos, id. ib. 1, 53, 71: ut melior fundus Hirpinus sit, sive ager Hirpinus (totum enim possidet), quam, etc., Cic. Agr. 3, 2: fundum habet in agro Thurino, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 4, 2, 131 (pro Tull. 14): Rhenus, qui agrum Helvetium a Germanis dividit, Caes. B. G. 1, 2 Herz.: ager Noricus, id. ib. 1, 5: in agro Troade, Nep. Paus. 3: in agro Aretino, Sall. C. 36, 1: his civitas data agerque, Liv. 2, 16: in agro urbis Jericho, Vulg. Josue, 5, 13.—In the Roman polity: ager Romanus, the Roman possessions in land (distinguished from ager peregrinus, foreign territory) was divided into ager publicus, public property, domains, and ager privatus, private estates; v. Smith's Dict. Antiq., and Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 2, 695 and 696; cf. with 153 sq.—
II In a more restricted sense.
   A Improdued or productive land, a field, whether pasture, arable, nursery ground, or any thing of the kind; cf. Doed. Syn. 3, 7 sq.; 1, 71; Hab. Syn. 68, and Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 7, 13: agrum hunc mercatus sum: hic me exerceo, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 94: agrum de nostro patre colendum habebat, id. Phorm. 2, 3, 17: ut ager quamvis fertilis, sine culturā fructuosus esse non potest, Cic. Tusc. 2, 5; id. Fl. 29: agrum colere, id. Rosc. Am. 18: conserere, Verg. E. 1, 73: agrum tuum non seres, Vulg. Lev. 19, 19: (homo) seminavit bonum semen in agro suo, ib. Matt. 13, 24; ib. Luc. 12, 16. —* Of a piece of ground where vines or trees are planted, a nursery: ut ager mundus purusque flat, ejus arbor atque vitis fecundior, Gell. 19, 12, 8.—Of a place of habitation in the country, estate, villa: in tuosne agros confugiam, Cic. Att. 3, 15 (so ἀγρός, Hom. Od. 24, 205).—
   B The fields, the open country, the country (as in Gr. ἀγρός or ἀγροί), like rus, in opp. to the town, urbs (in prose writers generally only in the plur.), Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 2: homines ex agris concurrunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44: non solum ex urbe, sed etiam ex agris, id. Cat. 2, 4, 8: annus pestilens urbi agrisque, Liv. 3, 6; id. 3, 32: in civitatem et in agros, Vulg. Marc. 5, 14.—And even in opp. to a village or hamlet, the open field: sanum hominem modo ruri esse oportet, modo in urbe, saepiusque in agro, Cels. 1, 1.—
   C Poet., in opp. to mountains, plain, valley, champaign: ignotos montes agrosque salutat, Ov. M. 3, 25.—
   D As a measure of length (opp. frons, breadth): mille pedes in fronte, trecentos cippus in agrum Hic dabat, in depth, Hor. S. 1, 8, 12.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

ăgĕr,⁵ agrī, m.
1 champ, fonds de terre : agri arvi et arbusti et pascui Cic. Rep. 5, 3, des champs labourables, d’autres plantés d’arbres, d’autres destinés au pâturage ; agrum colere, cultiver un champ
2 les champs, la campagne : permulti et ex urbe et ex agris se in illa castra conferre dicuntur Cic. Cat. 2, 21, en très grand nombre et de la ville et des campagnes ils se rendent, paraît-il, dans ce camp
3 territoire, contrée, pays : ager Campanus Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 82, etc., le territoire Campanien ; agros Remorum depopulati Cæs. G. 2, 7, 3, ayant ravagé le territoire des Rèmes ; ager publicus Cic. Agr. 2, 56, etc., territoire (domaine) de l’État || intérieur des terres [opposé à la mer] : pars muri versa in agros Liv. 34, 9, 5, partie des murs tournée vers l’intérieur des terres
4 [t. d’arpentage] in agrum [opposé à in fronte ], en profondeur : Hor. S. 1, 8, 12 ; Petr. 71, 6 ; dans les Inscriptions on trouve aussi in agro.
     gén. sing. arch. agrei CIL 9, 200, 24 ; nom. pl. agrei CIL 1, 585, 93 ; abl. pl. agreis CIL 1, 585, 20 || formes vulg. abl. aggro, acro, acru.

Latin > German (Georges)

(1) ager¹, agrī, m. (griech. ἀγρός, gotisch akrs, indogerm. ájraḥ, ahd. ackar, achar), I) in eng. Bedeut., jedes Stück Feld, das zum Landbau benutzt wird od. benutzt werden kann, es sei Ackerland, Weideplatz, Baumschule usw., das Feldgut, Grundstück, der Grundbesitz, agri ac pecoris magis quam belli cultor, Sall.: agri cultio, Cic.: cultura agrorum, Cic.: ager publicus (Ggstz. ager privatus), Liv. u. bl. ager, Liv. epit. 6: ager paternus et avitus, Sen.: ager fertilis, Cic., fertilissimus, Liv.: uber, Liv.: agri lati atque uberes, Cic.: ager fructuosus, Cic.: agri frugiferi, Cic.: homo ab agro remotissimus, der mit dem Lande in gar keine Berührung kam (= vom Ackerbau gar nichts verstand), Cic.: agrum colere, Cic., bene colere, Cato u. Cic.: agrum bene arare, Cato: immunes liberosque agros arare, Cic.: agrum conserere, Cato: agros continuare, Liv., prolatare, Tac.: agro pelli, Cic.: agro paterno et avito expelli, Sen. – als Baumschule, Gell. 19, 12, 8. – Dah. im Ggstz. zu Plätzen, die von Häusern od. mit Wald schon bedeckt sind, das Feld, a) im Ggstz. zur Stadt, das ( flache) Land, in Prosa gew. im Plur., neque agri neque urbis odium me umquam percipit, Ter.: vastati agri sunt, urbs assiduis exhausta funeribus, Liv.: non solum ex urbe, verum etiam ex agris ingentem numerum perditorum hominum collegerat, Cic. – b) im Ggstz. zum Dorfe, das freie Feld, sanum oportet... modo ruri esse, modo in urbe, saepius in agro, teils auf dem Lande, teils in der Stadt, öfter noch im freien Felde, Cels. 1, 1. § 2. – c) im Ggstz. zu den Bergen, das Tal, ignotos montes agrosque salutat, Ov. met. 3, 25. – d) im Ggstz. zum Meere, in agrum, feldwärts = nach der Landseite, arx Crotonis unā parte imminens mari, alterā parte vergente in agrum, Liv.: pars muri versa in agros, Liv. – c) als Längenmaß, in agrum, in die Tiefe, feldwärts (Ggstz. in fronte, in der Breite), Hor. sat. 1, 8, 12: in fronte... in agrum, Petr. 71. § 6. p. 48, 5 B³; vgl. frons a.E. – II) in weit. Bed., die Gesamtheit des Grund und Bodens einer Staatsgemeinde, die Mark, das Gebiet, Setinus, Titin. fr. u. Cic.: Tusculanus, Veiens, Cic.: Helvetius, Caes.: agrum nostrum invadere, Liv. – / Arch. Genet. Sing. agrei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 200, 24: arch. Nomin. Plur. agrei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 200, 93: arch. Abl. Plur. agreis, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 200, 20 sqq. – vulg. Abl.-Nbff. aggro, Corp. inscr. Lat. 3, 2448: acro, Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 35797: acru, Corp. inscr. Lat. 11, 5559.
(2) ager², s. agger.

Latin > Chinese

ager, gri. m. :: 田。域