miles: Difference between revisions
κακῆς ἀπ' ἀρχῆς γίγνεται [[τέλος]] κακόν → from a bad [[beginning]] comes a bad end (Euripides' Aeolus fr. 32)
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{{LaEn | |||
|lnetxt=miles militis N M :: soldier; foot soldier; soldiery; knight (medieval) (Bee) | |||
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{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>mīlĕs</b>: (MEILES, Inscr. Mur. 582; [[late]] form, milex, Gromat. Vet. p. 246, 19), ĭtis, comm. Sanscr [[root]] mil-, to [[unite]], [[combine]]; cf.: [[mille]], milites, [[quod]] trium millium [[primo]] [[legio]] fiebat, ac singulae [[tribus]] Titiensium, Ramnium, Lucerum milia singula militum mittebant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.,<br /><b>I</b> a [[soldier]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: [[miles]], qui locum non tenuit, Cic. Clu. 46, 128: legere milites, to [[levy]], [[raise]], Pompei, ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12 a, 3: scribere, to [[enlist]], enroll, Sall. J. 43, 3: deligere, Liv. 29, 1: ordinare, to form [[into]] companies, id. ib.: mercede conducere, to [[hire]], [[take]] [[into]] one's [[pay]], id. ib. 29, 5: dimittere, to [[dismiss]], Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2: [[miles]] [[tremulus]], i. e. [[Priam]], Juv. 10, 267: [[miles]] cum [[die]], qui [[prodictus]] [[sit]], aberat, [[neque]] [[excusatus]] erat, [[infrequens]] dabatur, Gell. 16, 4, 5.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., of [[foot]]-soldiers, [[infantry]], in opp. to [[eques]]: [[tripartito]] milites equitesque in expeditionem inisit, Caes. B. G. 5, 10: v. [[eques]].—Opp. to the [[general]]: [[miles]] [[gregarius]], or [[miles]] [[alone]], a [[common]] [[soldier]], [[private]]: strenui militis et boni imperatoris officia [[simul]] exsequebatur, Sall. C. 60, 4; id. J. 62; Vell. 2, 18, 1 volgus militum, Liv. 22, 30, 7: maritim as, a [[soldier]] in [[sea]]-[[service]], [[marine]], Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 61.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br /> <b>A</b> Collect., the [[soldiery]], the [[army]] (esp. freq. in the postAug. per.), Liv. 22, 57 fin.; Verg. A. 2, 495; Vell. 1, 15, 1; 2, 78, 2; Tac. A. 1, 2; 24; 2, 16; Juv. 10, 155; 16, 18 et saep.—<br /> <b>B</b> Under the emperors, an [[armed]] [[servant]] of the [[emperor]], [[court]]-[[official]], Cod. Th. 11, 1, 34; Dig. 4, 6, 10.—<br /> <b>C</b> A chessman, [[pawn]], in the [[game]] of chess: [[discolor]] ut [[recto]] grassetur limite [[miles]], Ov. Tr. 2, 477.—<br /> <b>D</b> Fem., of a [[woman]] [[who]] is in [[childbed]] for the [[first]] [[time]]: et [[rudis]] ad partūs et nova [[miles]] eram, Ov. H. 11, 48.—Of a [[nymph]] in the [[train]] of [[Diana]]: [[miles]] erat Phoebes, Ov. M. 2, 415.—<br /> <b>E</b> (Eccl. Lat.) Of a [[servant]] of God or of Christ, [[struggling]] [[against]] [[sin]], etc.: [[bonus]] Christi, Vulg. 2 Tim. 2, 3. | |lshtext=<b>mīlĕs</b>: (MEILES, Inscr. Mur. 582; [[late]] form, milex, Gromat. Vet. p. 246, 19), ĭtis, comm. Sanscr [[root]] mil-, to [[unite]], [[combine]]; cf.: [[mille]], milites, [[quod]] trium millium [[primo]] [[legio]] fiebat, ac singulae [[tribus]] Titiensium, Ramnium, Lucerum milia singula militum mittebant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.,<br /><b>I</b> a [[soldier]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: [[miles]], qui locum non tenuit, Cic. Clu. 46, 128: legere milites, to [[levy]], [[raise]], Pompei, ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12 a, 3: scribere, to [[enlist]], enroll, Sall. J. 43, 3: deligere, Liv. 29, 1: ordinare, to form [[into]] companies, id. ib.: mercede conducere, to [[hire]], [[take]] [[into]] one's [[pay]], id. ib. 29, 5: dimittere, to [[dismiss]], Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2: [[miles]] [[tremulus]], i. e. [[Priam]], Juv. 10, 267: [[miles]] cum [[die]], qui [[prodictus]] [[sit]], aberat, [[neque]] [[excusatus]] erat, [[infrequens]] dabatur, Gell. 16, 4, 5.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., of [[foot]]-soldiers, [[infantry]], in opp. to [[eques]]: [[tripartito]] milites equitesque in expeditionem inisit, Caes. B. G. 5, 10: v. [[eques]].—Opp. to the [[general]]: [[miles]] [[gregarius]], or [[miles]] [[alone]], a [[common]] [[soldier]], [[private]]: strenui militis et boni imperatoris officia [[simul]] exsequebatur, Sall. C. 60, 4; id. J. 62; Vell. 2, 18, 1 volgus militum, Liv. 22, 30, 7: maritim as, a [[soldier]] in [[sea]]-[[service]], [[marine]], Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 61.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br /> <b>A</b> Collect., the [[soldiery]], the [[army]] (esp. freq. in the postAug. per.), Liv. 22, 57 fin.; Verg. A. 2, 495; Vell. 1, 15, 1; 2, 78, 2; Tac. A. 1, 2; 24; 2, 16; Juv. 10, 155; 16, 18 et saep.—<br /> <b>B</b> Under the emperors, an [[armed]] [[servant]] of the [[emperor]], [[court]]-[[official]], Cod. Th. 11, 1, 34; Dig. 4, 6, 10.—<br /> <b>C</b> A chessman, [[pawn]], in the [[game]] of chess: [[discolor]] ut [[recto]] grassetur limite [[miles]], Ov. Tr. 2, 477.—<br /> <b>D</b> Fem., of a [[woman]] [[who]] is in [[childbed]] for the [[first]] [[time]]: et [[rudis]] ad partūs et nova [[miles]] eram, Ov. H. 11, 48.—Of a [[nymph]] in the [[train]] of [[Diana]]: [[miles]] erat Phoebes, Ov. M. 2, 415.—<br /> <b>E</b> (Eccl. Lat.) Of a [[servant]] of God or of Christ, [[struggling]] [[against]] [[sin]], etc.: [[bonus]] Christi, Vulg. 2 Tim. 2, 3. | ||
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{{Gaffiot | {{Gaffiot | ||
|gf=<b>mīlĕs</b>,⁵ ĭtis, m., soldat : Cæs., Cic., Sall., Liv., etc. ; v. scribere, conscribere, deligere, conducere || [sing. collectif] les soldats, l’armée : Virg., Liv., Tac., etc. ; [en part.] infanterie [opposée à cavalerie] || [fig., en parl. d’une [[nymphe]] [[miles]] erat Phœbes Ov. M. 2, 415, elle était de la suite de Diane || officier, fonctionnaire du palais impérial : Dig. 4, 6, 10 || pion [au jeu des latroncules] : Ov. Tr. 2, 1, 477. arch. [[meiles]], meilites : Inscr. || [[milex]] Grom. 246, 19.||[sing. collectif] les soldats, l’armée : Virg., Liv., Tac., etc. ; [en part.] infanterie [opposée à cavalerie]||[fig., en parl. d’une [[nymphe]] [[miles]] erat Phœbes Ov. M. 2, 415, elle était de la suite de Diane||officier, fonctionnaire du palais impérial : Dig. 4, 6, 10||pion [au jeu des latroncules] : Ov. Tr. 2, 1, 477. arch. [[meiles]], meilites : Inscr.||[[milex]] Grom. 246, 19. | |gf=<b>mīlĕs</b>,⁵ ĭtis, m., soldat : Cæs., Cic., Sall., Liv., etc. ; v. scribere, conscribere, deligere, conducere || [sing. collectif] les soldats, l’armée : Virg., Liv., Tac., etc. ; [en part.] infanterie [opposée à cavalerie] || [fig., en parl. d’une [[nymphe]] [[miles]] erat Phœbes Ov. M. 2, 415, elle était de la suite de Diane || officier, fonctionnaire du palais impérial : Dig. 4, 6, 10 || pion [au jeu des latroncules] : Ov. Tr. 2, 1, 477. arch. [[meiles]], meilites : Inscr. || [[milex]] Grom. 246, 19.||[sing. collectif] les soldats, l’armée : Virg., Liv., Tac., etc. ; [en part.] infanterie [opposée à cavalerie]||[fig., en parl. d’une [[nymphe]] [[miles]] erat Phœbes Ov. M. 2, 415, elle était de la suite de Diane||officier, fonctionnaire du palais impérial : Dig. 4, 6, 10||pion [au jeu des latroncules] : Ov. Tr. 2, 1, 477. arch. [[meiles]], meilites : Inscr.||[[milex]] Grom. 246, 19. | ||
}} | |||
{{Georges | |||
|georg=mīles, [[itis]], c. (viell. zu griech. ὅ-μιλος, [[Haufe]]), der [[Soldat]], I) im allg.: a) eig. (Sing. [[oft]] kollektiv, s. Mützell Curt. 3, 1. § 1): tribuni militum, Caes.: militum [[introitus]] ([[Einzug]]), Caes.: milites Antoniani, Caes., [[Romani]], Sullani, Iugurthini, Sall.: milites argentati, aurati, Liv.: [[miles]] [[auxiliarius]] (Ggstz. [[legionarius]]), Asin. Poll. in Cic. ep.: milites auxiliarii, Liv.: milites gregarii, Cic.: milites legionarii decimae legionis, Caes.: milites maritimi, Plaut.: [[miles]] [[mercennarius]], Liv.: milites mercennarii, Nep.: milites [[novi]], Sall. u. Liv., [[veteres]], Sall.: [[miles]] [[tumultuarius]], Sen.: segnes [[atque]] inutiles [[rei]] publicae milites, Liv.: [[miles]] [[statarius]], Liv.: [[miles]] [[vernaculus]], [[miles]] vernaculae legionis, Auct. b. Alex.: milites veterani, Caes.: [[vetus]] [[miles]], Ggstz. [[tiro]], Liv.: milites voluntarii, Liv. – milites armari (ins [[Gewehr]] [[treten]]) iubet, Caes.: iis (armis) [[censeo]] armetis milites, [[Pompeius]] in Cic. ep.: avocare milites a signis, Traian. in Plin. ep.: colligere milites Pachyno e terrestri praesidio, Cic.: conducere milites in unum, Sall.: conducere mercede milites, Liv.: conscribere voluntarios paucos milites, Liv.: conscribere milites ex [[Asia]], Lentul. in Cic. ep., in Epiro [[atque]] [[Aetolia]], Caes.: contrahere dispersos milites in unum, Sall. (u. so quodcumque militum contrahere poteritis, [[Pompeius]] in Cic. ep.): dare ([[stellen]]) milites, Liv.: deligere ex legionibus plurimorum stipendiorum milites, Liv.: dimittere milites, Cic., veteranos milites, Caes.: disponere milites certis spatiis intermissis, Caes.: legere milites, [[Pompeius]] in Cic. ep. u. Liv.: legere militem, verb. legere militem exercitumque conscribere, Iustin.: voluntarios milites ordinare centuriareque, in die verschiedenen Waffengattungen [[einreihen]] u. in Zenturien [[abteilen]], Liv.: scribere ([[ausheben]]) milites, Sall. u. Liv.: scribere milites in snpplementum, Liv. – v. [[Offizier]], Plaut. u. Ter. – u. (= [[miles]] [[gregarius]]) v. gemeinen Soldaten (im Ggstz. zu den Offizieren), Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 22, 14, 15). – zur [[Kaiserzeit]] [[auch]] [[von]] niederen kaiserl. Beamten, die Waffen trugen u. zum Militäretat gehörten, [[spät]]. ICt. – b) übtr.: α) v. Pers.: [[rudis]] ad [[partus]] et nova [[miles]] [[eram]], [[Neuling]], Ov.: [[miles]] erat Phoebes, war gleichs. die Trabantin (v. [[einer]] [[Nymphe]]), Ov.: [[Carneades]] [[laboriosus]] et [[diuturnus]] sapientiae [[miles]], [[Kämpfer]], [[Streiter]] [[für]] d. W., Val. Max. 8, 7. ext. 5. – β) der [[Stein]] im [[Brett]]- od. Kriegsspiel, Ov. trist. 2, 477. – II) insbes., milites [[oft]] = Fußsoldaten, [[Fußgänger]] (im Ggstz. zu equites, das gew. dabeisteht od. vorhergeht), Caes., Liv. u.a. – [[ebenso]] Sing. [[miles]] kollektiv im Ggstz. zu [[eques]], Liv. u.a. Vgl. Drak. u. Fabri Liv. 22, 37, 7. – / Archaist. Nbf. [[meiles]], Plur. meilites, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1. no. 204. lin. 7 u. 10 sqq. – Spät. Nbf. a) [[milex]], Gromat. vet. 246, 19. Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 3637. – b) milis, Corp. inscr. Lat. 14, 241; vgl. Prob. inst. 126, 36 u. app. 197, 28. | |||
}} | |||
{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=miles, itis. m. f. :: [[兵卒]]。[[軍兵]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 20:48, 12 June 2024
Latin > English
miles militis N M :: soldier; foot soldier; soldiery; knight (medieval) (Bee)
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
mīlĕs: (MEILES, Inscr. Mur. 582; late form, milex, Gromat. Vet. p. 246, 19), ĭtis, comm. Sanscr root mil-, to unite, combine; cf.: mille, milites, quod trium millium primo legio fiebat, ac singulae tribus Titiensium, Ramnium, Lucerum milia singula militum mittebant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.,
I a soldier.
I Lit.
A In gen.: miles, qui locum non tenuit, Cic. Clu. 46, 128: legere milites, to levy, raise, Pompei, ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12 a, 3: scribere, to enlist, enroll, Sall. J. 43, 3: deligere, Liv. 29, 1: ordinare, to form into companies, id. ib.: mercede conducere, to hire, take into one's pay, id. ib. 29, 5: dimittere, to dismiss, Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2: miles tremulus, i. e. Priam, Juv. 10, 267: miles cum die, qui prodictus sit, aberat, neque excusatus erat, infrequens dabatur, Gell. 16, 4, 5.—
B In partic., of foot-soldiers, infantry, in opp. to eques: tripartito milites equitesque in expeditionem inisit, Caes. B. G. 5, 10: v. eques.—Opp. to the general: miles gregarius, or miles alone, a common soldier, private: strenui militis et boni imperatoris officia simul exsequebatur, Sall. C. 60, 4; id. J. 62; Vell. 2, 18, 1 volgus militum, Liv. 22, 30, 7: maritim as, a soldier in sea-service, marine, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 61.—
II Transf.
A Collect., the soldiery, the army (esp. freq. in the postAug. per.), Liv. 22, 57 fin.; Verg. A. 2, 495; Vell. 1, 15, 1; 2, 78, 2; Tac. A. 1, 2; 24; 2, 16; Juv. 10, 155; 16, 18 et saep.—
B Under the emperors, an armed servant of the emperor, court-official, Cod. Th. 11, 1, 34; Dig. 4, 6, 10.—
C A chessman, pawn, in the game of chess: discolor ut recto grassetur limite miles, Ov. Tr. 2, 477.—
D Fem., of a woman who is in childbed for the first time: et rudis ad partūs et nova miles eram, Ov. H. 11, 48.—Of a nymph in the train of Diana: miles erat Phoebes, Ov. M. 2, 415.—
E (Eccl. Lat.) Of a servant of God or of Christ, struggling against sin, etc.: bonus Christi, Vulg. 2 Tim. 2, 3.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
mīlĕs,⁵ ĭtis, m., soldat : Cæs., Cic., Sall., Liv., etc. ; v. scribere, conscribere, deligere, conducere || [sing. collectif] les soldats, l’armée : Virg., Liv., Tac., etc. ; [en part.] infanterie [opposée à cavalerie] || [fig., en parl. d’une nymphe miles erat Phœbes Ov. M. 2, 415, elle était de la suite de Diane || officier, fonctionnaire du palais impérial : Dig. 4, 6, 10 || pion [au jeu des latroncules] : Ov. Tr. 2, 1, 477. arch. meiles, meilites : Inscr. || milex Grom. 246, 19.
Latin > German (Georges)
mīles, itis, c. (viell. zu griech. ὅ-μιλος, Haufe), der Soldat, I) im allg.: a) eig. (Sing. oft kollektiv, s. Mützell Curt. 3, 1. § 1): tribuni militum, Caes.: militum introitus (Einzug), Caes.: milites Antoniani, Caes., Romani, Sullani, Iugurthini, Sall.: milites argentati, aurati, Liv.: miles auxiliarius (Ggstz. legionarius), Asin. Poll. in Cic. ep.: milites auxiliarii, Liv.: milites gregarii, Cic.: milites legionarii decimae legionis, Caes.: milites maritimi, Plaut.: miles mercennarius, Liv.: milites mercennarii, Nep.: milites novi, Sall. u. Liv., veteres, Sall.: miles tumultuarius, Sen.: segnes atque inutiles rei publicae milites, Liv.: miles statarius, Liv.: miles vernaculus, miles vernaculae legionis, Auct. b. Alex.: milites veterani, Caes.: vetus miles, Ggstz. tiro, Liv.: milites voluntarii, Liv. – milites armari (ins Gewehr treten) iubet, Caes.: iis (armis) censeo armetis milites, Pompeius in Cic. ep.: avocare milites a signis, Traian. in Plin. ep.: colligere milites Pachyno e terrestri praesidio, Cic.: conducere milites in unum, Sall.: conducere mercede milites, Liv.: conscribere voluntarios paucos milites, Liv.: conscribere milites ex Asia, Lentul. in Cic. ep., in Epiro atque Aetolia, Caes.: contrahere dispersos milites in unum, Sall. (u. so quodcumque militum contrahere poteritis, Pompeius in Cic. ep.): dare (stellen) milites, Liv.: deligere ex legionibus plurimorum stipendiorum milites, Liv.: dimittere milites, Cic., veteranos milites, Caes.: disponere milites certis spatiis intermissis, Caes.: legere milites, Pompeius in Cic. ep. u. Liv.: legere militem, verb. legere militem exercitumque conscribere, Iustin.: voluntarios milites ordinare centuriareque, in die verschiedenen Waffengattungen einreihen u. in Zenturien abteilen, Liv.: scribere (ausheben) milites, Sall. u. Liv.: scribere milites in snpplementum, Liv. – v. Offizier, Plaut. u. Ter. – u. (= miles gregarius) v. gemeinen Soldaten (im Ggstz. zu den Offizieren), Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 22, 14, 15). – zur Kaiserzeit auch von niederen kaiserl. Beamten, die Waffen trugen u. zum Militäretat gehörten, spät. ICt. – b) übtr.: α) v. Pers.: rudis ad partus et nova miles eram, Neuling, Ov.: miles erat Phoebes, war gleichs. die Trabantin (v. einer Nymphe), Ov.: Carneades laboriosus et diuturnus sapientiae miles, Kämpfer, Streiter für d. W., Val. Max. 8, 7. ext. 5. – β) der Stein im Brett- od. Kriegsspiel, Ov. trist. 2, 477. – II) insbes., milites oft = Fußsoldaten, Fußgänger (im Ggstz. zu equites, das gew. dabeisteht od. vorhergeht), Caes., Liv. u.a. – ebenso Sing. miles kollektiv im Ggstz. zu eques, Liv. u.a. Vgl. Drak. u. Fabri Liv. 22, 37, 7. – / Archaist. Nbf. meiles, Plur. meilites, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1. no. 204. lin. 7 u. 10 sqq. – Spät. Nbf. a) milex, Gromat. vet. 246, 19. Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 3637. – b) milis, Corp. inscr. Lat. 14, 241; vgl. Prob. inst. 126, 36 u. app. 197, 28.
