ἄτολμος: Difference between revisions
κινδυνεύει μὲν γὰρ ἡμῶν οὐδέτερος οὐδὲν καλὸν κἀγαθὸν εἰδέναι, ἀλλ᾽ οὗτος μὲν οἴεταί τι εἰδέναι οὐκ εἰδώς, ἐγὼ δέ, ὥσπερ οὖν οὐκ οἶδα, οὐδὲ οἴομαι· ἔοικα γοῦν τούτου γε σμικρῷ τινι αὐτῷ τούτῳ σοφώτερος εἶναι, ὅτι ἃ μὴ οἶδα οὐδὲ οἴομαι εἰδέναι. → for neither of us appears to know anything great and good; but he fancies he knows something, although he knows nothing; whereas I, as I do not know anything, so I do not fancy I do. In this trifling particular, then, I appear to be wiser than he, because I do not fancy I know what I do not know.
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|Transliteration C=atolmos | |Transliteration C=atolmos | ||
|Beta Code=a)/tolmos | |Beta Code=a)/tolmos | ||
|Definition= | |Definition=ἄτολμον, [[daring nothing]], [[cowardly]], Pi.''N.''11.32, Th.2.39 (Comp.), etc.; λῆμα.. οὐκ ἄ. ἀλλ' ἕτοιμον Ar.''Nu.'' 458; ἄτολμος καὶ μαλακός D.8.68, etc.; of women, ἄ. αἰχμά A.''Ch.''630(lyr.); of things, ἄ. [[ἐπινόημα]] Jul.''Or.''2.75d: c. inf., <b class="b3">ἄ. εἰμι.. δῆσαι</b> I have [[not the heart]] to [[bind]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''14. Adv. [[ἀτόλμως]] Plb.3.103.3, Plu.2.47c: Comp. [[ἀτολμότερον]] = [[less boldly]], Gal.6.37. | ||
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{{DGE | |||
|dgtxt=-ον<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[falto de audacia]], [[tímido]] χειρὸς ἕλκων ὀπίσσω θυμὸς ἄ. ἐών Pi.<i>N</i>.11.32, γυναικείαν <τ'> ἄτολμον αἰχμάν A.<i>Ch</i>.630, μὴ ἀτολμοτέρους τῶν ἀεὶ μοχθούντων φαίνεσθαι Th.2.39, λῆμα ... οὐκ ἄτολμον, ἀλλ' ἕτοιμον Ar.<i>Nu</i>.458, cf. D.8.68, Plu.2.59f, D.Chr.4.106, 107, τὴν ψυχὴν [[ἄτολμος]] ... ἦν D.C.67.6.3, cf. Ach.Tat.2.4.4, ἄτολμον ἐπινόημα Iul.<i>Or</i>.3.75d<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. ἄ. εἰμι συγγενῆ θεὸν δῆσαι βίᾳ me falta corazón para encadenar por la fuerza a un dios hermano</i> A.<i>Pr</i>.14, Εὐριπίδης ... ἄλλαις ἐπιτίθεσθαι φαντασίαις οὐκ ἄ. Longin.15.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>neutr. compar. como adv. [[con menos audacia]] Ἐρασιστράτου δὲ [[ἀτολμότερον]] μὲν ἀποφηναμένου Gal.6.37.<br /><b class="num">2</b> adv. [[ἀτόλμως]] = [[sin audacia]], [[tímidamente]] πρὸς πάντ' ... ἀ. καὶ δειλῶς διακείμενοι Aen.Tact.16.20, τὸν Φάβιον ᾐτιῶντο ... ὡς ἀτόλμως χρώμενον τοῖς καιροῖς Plb.3.103.3, cf. Plu.2.47b. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0387.png Seite 387]] ([[τόλμα]]), nichts unternehmend, | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0387.png Seite 387]] ([[τόλμα]]), nichts unternehmend, <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> [[ἐπιχειρητής]] Thuc. 8, 96; muthlos, feig, αἰχμὰ γυναικεία Aesch. Ch. 621; Thuc. 2, 39, u. öfter auch Folgde; καὶ [[μαλακός]] Dem. 8, 68; καὶ [[δειλός]] 19, 206. – Adv. ἀτόλμως, χρῆσθαι τοῖς καιροῖς Pol. 3, 103; Plut. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=ος, ον :<br />sans audace, sans hardiesse, timide ; ἄτολμός εἰμι avec | |btext=ος, ον :<br />sans audace, sans hardiesse, timide ; ἄτολμός εἰμι avec l'inf. ESCHL je n'ose…;<br /><i>Cp.</i> ἀτολμότερος, <i>Sp.</i> ἀτολμότατος.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀ]], [[τόλμα]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Slater | {{Slater | ||
|sltr=<b>ᾰτολμος | |sltr=<b>ᾰτολμος</b> unadventurous θυμὸς [[ἄτολμος]] [[ἐών]] (N. 11.32) | ||
}} | }} | ||
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{{elru | {{elru | ||
|elrutext='''ἄτολμος:''' несмелый, робкий, нерешительный (Pind., Thuc.; ἄ. καὶ [[μαλακός]] Dem.): ἄ. εἰμι Aesch. я не смею; ἄ. πρός τι Plut. не отваживающийся на что-л. | |elrutext='''ἄτολμος:''' [[несмелый]], [[робкий]], [[нерешительный]] (Pind., Thuc.; ἄ. καὶ [[μαλακός]] Dem.): ἄ. εἰμι Aesch. я не смею; ἄ. πρός τι Plut. не отваживающийся на что-л. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
|mdlsjtxt=[[τόλμα]]<br />[[daring]] [[nothing]], [[wanting]] [[courage]], [[spiritless]], [[cowardly]], Ar., Thuc.:—of women, [[unenterprising]], [[retiring]], Aesch.:—c. inf. not having the [[heart]] to do a [[thing]], Aesch. | |mdlsjtxt=[[τόλμα]]<br />[[daring]] [[nothing]], [[wanting]] [[courage]], [[spiritless]], [[cowardly]], Ar., Thuc.:—of women, [[unenterprising]], [[retiring]], Aesch.:—c. inf. not having the [[heart]] to do a [[thing]], Aesch. | ||
}} | |||
{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | |||
|woodrun=[[cowardly]], [[lacking in initiative]] | |||
}} | |||
{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[parum audax]]'', [[not very bold]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.96.5/ 8.96.5],<br>COMP. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.17.2/ 1.17.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.39.7/ 2.39.7], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.43.1/ 2.43.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.55.4/ 4.55.4]. | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[coward]]=== | |||
Afrikaans: lafaard, papbroek; Albanian: frikacak; Arabic: جَبَان; Armenian: վախկոտ, ղզիկ; Azerbaijani: qorxaq; Bashkir: ҡурҡаҡ; Basque: koldar; Belarusian: баязлі́вец, баязлі́ўка, палахлі́вец, палахлі́ўка; Bulgarian: страхливец, страхливка; Catalan: covard; Cebuano: talawan; Chakma: 𑄛𑄘𑄢; Chamicuro: s̈hamle'c̈homa; nMandarin: 懦夫, 孬種, 孬种, 孱頭, 孱头, 膽小鬼, 胆小鬼; Chukchi: айыԓгыԓьын; Crimean Czech: zbabělec, zbabělkyně, bázlivec, posera; Danish: bangebuks, kujon, kryster; Dutch: [[lafaard]], [[slapjanus]], [[watje]]; Erzya: тандаль; Esperanto: malkuraĝulo, timemulo, timulo, poltrono; Estonian: argpüks; Faroese: bloyta, ræðuskítur, rædduskítur, bløka, ónytta; Finnish: pelkuri; French: [[couard]], [[couarde]], [[poltron]], [[poltronne]], [[froussard]], [[froussarde]], [[lâche]]; Galician: covarde, cagainas; Georgian: მშიშარა, მხდალი, ლაჩარი, ჯაბანი, ქვეშაჯვია; German: [[Feigling]], [[Angsthase]], [[Schisser]], [[Schisserin]], [[Hosenscheißer]], [[Warmduscher]]; Greek: [[δειλός]], [[δειλή]], [[άνανδρος]], [[κότα]], [[φοβιτσιάρης]], [[κιοτής]], [[φοβητσιάρης]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀβλεμής]], [[ἀγεννής]], [[ἀθέλιμνος]], [[ἀθυμητής]], [[ἄθυμος]], [[αἰκέλιος]], [[ἀκάρδιος]], [[ἀνάλκιμος]], [[ἄναλκις]], [[ἄνανδρος]], [[ἀνδρογύνης]], [[ἄνευρος]], [[ἀπομάλακος]], [[ἀπότολμος]], [[ἀσπιδαποβλής]], [[ἄσπλαγχνος]], [[ἄτολμος]], [[ἀφάρυμος]], [[ἀφιλοπόλεμος]], [[ἄψυχος]], [[βληχρός]], [[γυναικίας]], [[δεδείκελος]], [[δειδήμων]], [[δείλανδρος]], [[δειλός]], [[δειλόψυχος]], [[δειμαλέος]], [[ἐκπάλαιστος]], [[ἐλεγχής]], [[ἔνδειλος]], [[κακόσπλαγχνος]], [[λευκηπατίας]], [[λυγρός]], [[μαλακός]], [[μαλακόψυχος]], [[μαλθακός]], [[ὀλιγόψυχος]], [[περίδειλος]], [[ῥίψασπις]], [[τρέστης]], [[φιλόζωος]], [[φιλόψυχος]], [[φυγαίχμης]], [[φυγόμαχος]], [[φύξηλις]]; Haitian Creole: kapon; Hebrew: פַּחְדָן, פחדנית, מוּג לֵב; Hindi: कायर, डरपोक, बुज़दिल, बुजदिल; Hungarian: gyáva; Icelandic: bleyða; Ido: poltrono, deskurajozo; Ilocano: natakrot; Indonesian: pengecut; Irish: cladhaire; Italian: [[codardo]], [[pusillanime]], [[vigliacco]], [[vile]], [[coniglio]]; Ivatan: matahaw; Japanese: 臆病者, 怖がり, 怖がり屋, 腰抜け, 弱虫, 卑怯者; Kapampangan: bayugin, galgawu, mataloti; Kazakh: қорқақ; Khmer: អ្នកកំសាក, កំសាក; Korean: 겁쟁이, 비겁자(卑怯者), 겁꾸러기, 겁보, 겁부(怯夫); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: tirsok, newêrek, bêcesaret, bêkulek, tirsonek, tirsoke; Kyrgyz: коркок; Lao: ຄົນຕາຂາວ, ຄົນຂີ້ຢ້ານ; Latvian: gļēvulis, gļēvule; Lithuanian: bailys; Luxembourgish: Feigling; Macedonian: кукавица, страшливец; Malagasy: fananga; Malay: pengecut; Malayalam: ഭീരു; Manx: aggleydagh; Maori: tautauhea, tautauwhea, tautauā, whiore hume, hukehuke, hamo pango, poromataku; Maranao: talaw; Middle English: coward; Mongolian Cyrillic: аймхай хүн, хулчгар хүн; Norwegian Bokmål: feiging, reddhare; Nynorsk: feiging, reddhare; Occitan: coard; Old English: earg; Persian: ترسو, نامرد, بزدل; Plautdietsch: Schietstremp; Polish: tchórz, strachajło, bojaźliwiec; Portuguese: [[covarde]]; Romanian: laș, lașă; Russian: [[трус]], [[трусиха]], [[трусишка]], [[ссыкун]], [[бздун]], [[ссыкло]], [[бояка]], [[боягуз]], [[боягузка]]; Scottish Gaelic: cladhaire, gealtaire; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ку̏кавица; Roman: kȕkavica; Shan: ၵူၼ်းၶီႈယၢၼ်ႈ; Shor: қортуқ; Slovak: zbabelec, zbabelkyňa, bojazlivec, ustrašenec; Slovene: strahopetnež, strahopetnica; Spanish: [[cobarde]], [[gallina]]; Swahili: mwoga; Swedish: fegis, mes; Tagalog: duwag; Tajik: тарсу, тарсончак, номард, буздил; Tatar: куркак; Telugu: పిరికివాడు; Thai: คนขี้ขลาด, ขี้ขลาด; Turkish: korkak, ödlek, tabansız; Ukrainian: боягуз, боягузка, страхополох; Uyghur: قورقۇنچاق; Uzbek: qoʻrqoq; Vietnamese: người nhát gan, người nhút nhát; Volapük: dredöfan, hidredöfan, jidredöfan, dredajiedan, dredahijiedan, dredajijiedan; Welsh: cachadur, cachgi, cachwr, llwfrgi, llyfrgi, cilgi; West Frisian: fiich, leffert; Yiddish: פּחדן, פּחדנטע, טרוס | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:39, 16 November 2024
English (LSJ)
ἄτολμον, daring nothing, cowardly, Pi.N.11.32, Th.2.39 (Comp.), etc.; λῆμα.. οὐκ ἄ. ἀλλ' ἕτοιμον Ar.Nu. 458; ἄτολμος καὶ μαλακός D.8.68, etc.; of women, ἄ. αἰχμά A.Ch.630(lyr.); of things, ἄ. ἐπινόημα Jul.Or.2.75d: c. inf., ἄ. εἰμι.. δῆσαι I have not the heart to bind, A.Pr.14. Adv. ἀτόλμως Plb.3.103.3, Plu.2.47c: Comp. ἀτολμότερον = less boldly, Gal.6.37.
Spanish (DGE)
-ον
1 falto de audacia, tímido χειρὸς ἕλκων ὀπίσσω θυμὸς ἄ. ἐών Pi.N.11.32, γυναικείαν <τ'> ἄτολμον αἰχμάν A.Ch.630, μὴ ἀτολμοτέρους τῶν ἀεὶ μοχθούντων φαίνεσθαι Th.2.39, λῆμα ... οὐκ ἄτολμον, ἀλλ' ἕτοιμον Ar.Nu.458, cf. D.8.68, Plu.2.59f, D.Chr.4.106, 107, τὴν ψυχὴν ἄτολμος ... ἦν D.C.67.6.3, cf. Ach.Tat.2.4.4, ἄτολμον ἐπινόημα Iul.Or.3.75d
•c. inf. ἄ. εἰμι συγγενῆ θεὸν δῆσαι βίᾳ me falta corazón para encadenar por la fuerza a un dios hermano A.Pr.14, Εὐριπίδης ... ἄλλαις ἐπιτίθεσθαι φαντασίαις οὐκ ἄ. Longin.15.3
•neutr. compar. como adv. con menos audacia Ἐρασιστράτου δὲ ἀτολμότερον μὲν ἀποφηναμένου Gal.6.37.
2 adv. ἀτόλμως = sin audacia, tímidamente πρὸς πάντ' ... ἀ. καὶ δειλῶς διακείμενοι Aen.Tact.16.20, τὸν Φάβιον ᾐτιῶντο ... ὡς ἀτόλμως χρώμενον τοῖς καιροῖς Plb.3.103.3, cf. Plu.2.47b.
German (Pape)
[Seite 387] (τόλμα), nichts unternehmend, Gegensatz ἐπιχειρητής Thuc. 8, 96; muthlos, feig, αἰχμὰ γυναικεία Aesch. Ch. 621; Thuc. 2, 39, u. öfter auch Folgde; καὶ μαλακός Dem. 8, 68; καὶ δειλός 19, 206. – Adv. ἀτόλμως, χρῆσθαι τοῖς καιροῖς Pol. 3, 103; Plut.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ος, ον :
sans audace, sans hardiesse, timide ; ἄτολμός εἰμι avec l'inf. ESCHL je n'ose…;
Cp. ἀτολμότερος, Sp. ἀτολμότατος.
Étymologie: ἀ, τόλμα.
English (Slater)
ᾰτολμος unadventurous θυμὸς ἄτολμος ἐών (N. 11.32)
Greek Monolingual
-η, -ο (AM ἄτολμος, -ον) τόλμη
αυτός που δεν έχει τόλμη, ο δειλός.
Greek Monotonic
ἄτολμος: -ον (τόλμα), αυτός που δεν τολμά τίποτα, ο στερούμενος τόλμης, άτολμος, δειλός, σε Αριστοφ., Θουκ.· λέγεται για γυναίκες, αυτή που δεν τολμά, επιφυλακτική, υποχωρητική, σε Αισχύλ.· με απαρ., δεν έχει την τόλμη να κάνει ένα πράγμα, στον ίδ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἄτολμος: несмелый, робкий, нерешительный (Pind., Thuc.; ἄ. καὶ μαλακός Dem.): ἄ. εἰμι Aesch. я не смею; ἄ. πρός τι Plut. не отваживающийся на что-л.
Middle Liddell
τόλμα
daring nothing, wanting courage, spiritless, cowardly, Ar., Thuc.:—of women, unenterprising, retiring, Aesch.:—c. inf. not having the heart to do a thing, Aesch.
English (Woodhouse)
cowardly, lacking in initiative
Lexicon Thucydideum
parum audax, not very bold, 8.96.5,
COMP. 1.17.2, 2.39.7, 2.43.1, 4.55.4.
Translations
coward
Afrikaans: lafaard, papbroek; Albanian: frikacak; Arabic: جَبَان; Armenian: վախկոտ, ղզիկ; Azerbaijani: qorxaq; Bashkir: ҡурҡаҡ; Basque: koldar; Belarusian: баязлі́вец, баязлі́ўка, палахлі́вец, палахлі́ўка; Bulgarian: страхливец, страхливка; Catalan: covard; Cebuano: talawan; Chakma: 𑄛𑄘𑄢; Chamicuro: s̈hamle'c̈homa; nMandarin: 懦夫, 孬種, 孬种, 孱頭, 孱头, 膽小鬼, 胆小鬼; Chukchi: айыԓгыԓьын; Crimean Czech: zbabělec, zbabělkyně, bázlivec, posera; Danish: bangebuks, kujon, kryster; Dutch: lafaard, slapjanus, watje; Erzya: тандаль; Esperanto: malkuraĝulo, timemulo, timulo, poltrono; Estonian: argpüks; Faroese: bloyta, ræðuskítur, rædduskítur, bløka, ónytta; Finnish: pelkuri; French: couard, couarde, poltron, poltronne, froussard, froussarde, lâche; Galician: covarde, cagainas; Georgian: მშიშარა, მხდალი, ლაჩარი, ჯაბანი, ქვეშაჯვია; German: Feigling, Angsthase, Schisser, Schisserin, Hosenscheißer, Warmduscher; Greek: δειλός, δειλή, άνανδρος, κότα, φοβιτσιάρης, κιοτής, φοβητσιάρης; Ancient Greek: ἀβλεμής, ἀγεννής, ἀθέλιμνος, ἀθυμητής, ἄθυμος, αἰκέλιος, ἀκάρδιος, ἀνάλκιμος, ἄναλκις, ἄνανδρος, ἀνδρογύνης, ἄνευρος, ἀπομάλακος, ἀπότολμος, ἀσπιδαποβλής, ἄσπλαγχνος, ἄτολμος, ἀφάρυμος, ἀφιλοπόλεμος, ἄψυχος, βληχρός, γυναικίας, δεδείκελος, δειδήμων, δείλανδρος, δειλός, δειλόψυχος, δειμαλέος, ἐκπάλαιστος, ἐλεγχής, ἔνδειλος, κακόσπλαγχνος, λευκηπατίας, λυγρός, μαλακός, μαλακόψυχος, μαλθακός, ὀλιγόψυχος, περίδειλος, ῥίψασπις, τρέστης, φιλόζωος, φιλόψυχος, φυγαίχμης, φυγόμαχος, φύξηλις; Haitian Creole: kapon; Hebrew: פַּחְדָן, פחדנית, מוּג לֵב; Hindi: कायर, डरपोक, बुज़दिल, बुजदिल; Hungarian: gyáva; Icelandic: bleyða; Ido: poltrono, deskurajozo; Ilocano: natakrot; Indonesian: pengecut; Irish: cladhaire; Italian: codardo, pusillanime, vigliacco, vile, coniglio; Ivatan: matahaw; Japanese: 臆病者, 怖がり, 怖がり屋, 腰抜け, 弱虫, 卑怯者; Kapampangan: bayugin, galgawu, mataloti; Kazakh: қорқақ; Khmer: អ្នកកំសាក, កំសាក; Korean: 겁쟁이, 비겁자(卑怯者), 겁꾸러기, 겁보, 겁부(怯夫); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: tirsok, newêrek, bêcesaret, bêkulek, tirsonek, tirsoke; Kyrgyz: коркок; Lao: ຄົນຕາຂາວ, ຄົນຂີ້ຢ້ານ; Latvian: gļēvulis, gļēvule; Lithuanian: bailys; Luxembourgish: Feigling; Macedonian: кукавица, страшливец; Malagasy: fananga; Malay: pengecut; Malayalam: ഭീരു; Manx: aggleydagh; Maori: tautauhea, tautauwhea, tautauā, whiore hume, hukehuke, hamo pango, poromataku; Maranao: talaw; Middle English: coward; Mongolian Cyrillic: аймхай хүн, хулчгар хүн; Norwegian Bokmål: feiging, reddhare; Nynorsk: feiging, reddhare; Occitan: coard; Old English: earg; Persian: ترسو, نامرد, بزدل; Plautdietsch: Schietstremp; Polish: tchórz, strachajło, bojaźliwiec; Portuguese: covarde; Romanian: laș, lașă; Russian: трус, трусиха, трусишка, ссыкун, бздун, ссыкло, бояка, боягуз, боягузка; Scottish Gaelic: cladhaire, gealtaire; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ку̏кавица; Roman: kȕkavica; Shan: ၵူၼ်းၶီႈယၢၼ်ႈ; Shor: қортуқ; Slovak: zbabelec, zbabelkyňa, bojazlivec, ustrašenec; Slovene: strahopetnež, strahopetnica; Spanish: cobarde, gallina; Swahili: mwoga; Swedish: fegis, mes; Tagalog: duwag; Tajik: тарсу, тарсончак, номард, буздил; Tatar: куркак; Telugu: పిరికివాడు; Thai: คนขี้ขลาด, ขี้ขลาด; Turkish: korkak, ödlek, tabansız; Ukrainian: боягуз, боягузка, страхополох; Uyghur: قورقۇنچاق; Uzbek: qoʻrqoq; Vietnamese: người nhát gan, người nhút nhát; Volapük: dredöfan, hidredöfan, jidredöfan, dredajiedan, dredahijiedan, dredajijiedan; Welsh: cachadur, cachgi, cachwr, llwfrgi, llyfrgi, cilgi; West Frisian: fiich, leffert; Yiddish: פּחדן, פּחדנטע, טרוס
