σῖγα: Difference between revisions
διὸ δὴ πᾶς ἀνὴρ σπουδαῖος τῶν ὄντων σπουδαίων πέρι πολλοῦ δεῖ μὴ γράψας ποτὲ ἐν ἀνθρώποις εἰς φθόνον καὶ ἀπορίαν καταβαλεῖ → And this is the reason why every serious man in dealing with really serious subjects carefully avoids writing, lest thereby he may possibly cast them as a prey to the envy and stupidity of the public | Therefore every man of worth, when dealing with matters of worth, will be far from exposing them to ill feeling and misunderstanding among men by committing them to writing
(2b) |
(1b) |
||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: Adv.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">silently, in silence</b>, also interj. <b class="b2">be quiet!, hush!</b> (trag.).<br />Derivatives: Besides <b class="b3">σιγάω</b> (Hom. only ipv. <b class="b3">σίγα</b>; ind. since h. Merc.), fut. <b class="b3">σιγήσομαι</b> (S., E., Ar. a. o.), <b class="b3">-ήσω</b> (AP, D. Chr. a. o.), perf. <b class="b3">σεσίγηκα</b> (Aeschin.), pass. <b class="b3">σιγ-άομαι</b> (S.), aor. <b class="b3">-θῆναι</b> (Hdt., E.), <b class="b3">-αθῆναι</b> (Theoc.), fut. <b class="b3">-ηθήσομαι</b> (E.), perf. <b class="b3">σεσίγ-ημαι</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-αμαι</b> (Pi., E.), sometimes with <b class="b3">κατα-</b> a. o., 'to be quiet, to keep secret', pass. <b class="b2">to be kept secret</b>. Subst. <b class="b3">σιγή</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ά</b> (Pi.) f. [[silence]], [[secrecy]] (Il.; Hom. only <b class="b3">σιγῃ̃</b>; cf. below); late innovation <b class="b3">σῖγος</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b> (An. Ox.; cf. Schwyzer 512). -- Derivations. 1. From <b class="b3">σιγή</b>: <b class="b3">σιγ-αλέος</b> [[silent]] (AP, Orph.), <b class="b3">-άζω</b> (Pi., X., D.C. a.o.; <b class="b3">κατα-</b> σῖγα Arist. a.o.) <b class="b2">to make silent</b>; <b class="b3">κατασιγαίνει</b> H to <b class="b3">πραΰνει</b>. 2. From <b class="b3">σιγάω</b>: <b class="b3">σιγ-ηλός</b>, Dor. (Pi.) <b class="b3">-αλός</b> [[silent]] (Hp., S., Arist. etc.; may also come from <b class="b3">σιγ</b>ή, Thieme Studien 50 A. 3), <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Men., LXX a. o.), <b class="b3">-ητής</b> m. <b class="b2">silent person</b> (Latium IIp), <b class="b3">-ητικός</b> [[silent]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ημονᾳ̃ς σιγᾳ̃ς</b> H. -- On the unclear <b class="b3">σιγ-άρνης</b> m. (Call. Epigr. 45, 6) s. Schwyzer RhM 75, 447 a. 77, 105.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: As basis of this wordgroup is prob. to be considered the first interjectival adv. <b class="b3">σῖγα</b>; from there the ipv. <b class="b3">σίγα</b> and the instrumental dat. <b class="b3">σιγῃ̃</b> (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 74) of a gradually built verbal and nominal inflection (Schwyzer 722 n. 3 a. 726, Schw.-Debr. 257 n. 1, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 357; diff. Georgacas Glotta 36, 181 f.). -- For <b class="b3">σῖγα</b> onomatop. origin is prob., s. Schwyzer 307 w. lit. On the other hand <b class="b3">ῥίγα</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">Ϝίγα</b>) <b class="b3">σιώπα</b> H. points to orig. <b class="b3">*σϜιγ-</b>, which fits best to the WestGerm. verb for <b class="b2">schweigen (be silent)</b> in OHG [[swīgēn]] (only the velar is genetically deviant); on the anlaut cf. the doublet <b class="b3">ὗς</b> : <b class="b3">σῦς</b>. Further forms w. lit. and hypothetic connections in Bq, WP. 2, 534, Pok. 1052. -- Cf. [[σιωπάω]], <b class="b3">-ή</b>. On the IE expressions for <b class="b2">be silent</b> Porzig Gliederung 107. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: Adv.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">silently, in silence</b>, also interj. <b class="b2">be quiet!, hush!</b> (trag.).<br />Derivatives: Besides <b class="b3">σιγάω</b> (Hom. only ipv. <b class="b3">σίγα</b>; ind. since h. Merc.), fut. <b class="b3">σιγήσομαι</b> (S., E., Ar. a. o.), <b class="b3">-ήσω</b> (AP, D. Chr. a. o.), perf. <b class="b3">σεσίγηκα</b> (Aeschin.), pass. <b class="b3">σιγ-άομαι</b> (S.), aor. <b class="b3">-θῆναι</b> (Hdt., E.), <b class="b3">-αθῆναι</b> (Theoc.), fut. <b class="b3">-ηθήσομαι</b> (E.), perf. <b class="b3">σεσίγ-ημαι</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-αμαι</b> (Pi., E.), sometimes with <b class="b3">κατα-</b> a. o., 'to be quiet, to keep secret', pass. <b class="b2">to be kept secret</b>. Subst. <b class="b3">σιγή</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ά</b> (Pi.) f. [[silence]], [[secrecy]] (Il.; Hom. only <b class="b3">σιγῃ̃</b>; cf. below); late innovation <b class="b3">σῖγος</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b> (An. Ox.; cf. Schwyzer 512). -- Derivations. 1. From <b class="b3">σιγή</b>: <b class="b3">σιγ-αλέος</b> [[silent]] (AP, Orph.), <b class="b3">-άζω</b> (Pi., X., D.C. a.o.; <b class="b3">κατα-</b> σῖγα Arist. a.o.) <b class="b2">to make silent</b>; <b class="b3">κατασιγαίνει</b> H to <b class="b3">πραΰνει</b>. 2. From <b class="b3">σιγάω</b>: <b class="b3">σιγ-ηλός</b>, Dor. (Pi.) <b class="b3">-αλός</b> [[silent]] (Hp., S., Arist. etc.; may also come from <b class="b3">σιγ</b>ή, Thieme Studien 50 A. 3), <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Men., LXX a. o.), <b class="b3">-ητής</b> m. <b class="b2">silent person</b> (Latium IIp), <b class="b3">-ητικός</b> [[silent]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ημονᾳ̃ς σιγᾳ̃ς</b> H. -- On the unclear <b class="b3">σιγ-άρνης</b> m. (Call. Epigr. 45, 6) s. Schwyzer RhM 75, 447 a. 77, 105.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: As basis of this wordgroup is prob. to be considered the first interjectival adv. <b class="b3">σῖγα</b>; from there the ipv. <b class="b3">σίγα</b> and the instrumental dat. <b class="b3">σιγῃ̃</b> (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 74) of a gradually built verbal and nominal inflection (Schwyzer 722 n. 3 a. 726, Schw.-Debr. 257 n. 1, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 357; diff. Georgacas Glotta 36, 181 f.). -- For <b class="b3">σῖγα</b> onomatop. origin is prob., s. Schwyzer 307 w. lit. On the other hand <b class="b3">ῥίγα</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">Ϝίγα</b>) <b class="b3">σιώπα</b> H. points to orig. <b class="b3">*σϜιγ-</b>, which fits best to the WestGerm. verb for <b class="b2">schweigen (be silent)</b> in OHG [[swīgēn]] (only the velar is genetically deviant); on the anlaut cf. the doublet <b class="b3">ὗς</b> : <b class="b3">σῦς</b>. Further forms w. lit. and hypothetic connections in Bq, WP. 2, 534, Pok. 1052. -- Cf. [[σιωπάω]], <b class="b3">-ή</b>. On the IE expressions for <b class="b2">be silent</b> Porzig Gliederung 107. | ||
}} | |||
{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=[[σιγή]]<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[silently]], [[σῖγα]] ἔχειν to be [[silent]], Soph.; [[κάθησο]] [[σῖγα]] Ar.; [[alone]], [[σῖγα]] [[hush]]! be [[still]]! Aesch.:—the [[public]] [[crier]] proclaiming [[silence]] said [[σῖγα]] πᾶς (sc. ἔστὠ Ar.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> under one's [[breath]], in a [[whisper]], [[secretly]], Aesch., Soph. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 00:55, 10 January 2019
English (LSJ)
Adv., (σιγή)
A silently, used in Trag. (and late Ep., A.R.1.267), σῖγ' ἔχοντες S.Ph.258; σῖγ' ἔχουσα πρόσμενε Id.El.1236; ἀλλὰ σ. πρόσμενε ib.1399; ἄκουε σ. Id.Fr.815; κάθησο σ. Ar.Ach.59: also as an exclam., σῖγα hush! be still! A.Ag.1344; so οὐ σ.; Id.Th.250; οὐ σῖγ' ἀνέξει; S.Aj.75; the public crier proclaiming silence said σ. πᾶς (sc. ἔστω), Ar.Ach.238, cf. E.Hec.532; σ. κηρῦξαι στρατῷ Id.Ph. 1224. 2 under one's breath, in a whisper, quietly, secretly (cf. σιγή 11), τὰ δὲ σ. τις βαΰζει A.Ag.449; σῖγ' ἐπέρχεται φάτις S.Ant.700; σ. σήμαινε Id.Ph.22; σ. μὲν ἡρώεσσιν ἐκέκλετο Orph.A.702; πῶς αἱ πατρῷαί σ' ἄλοκες φέρειν . . σῖγ' ἐδυνάθησαν; S.OT1212.
German (Pape)
[Seite 877] adv., stillschweigend, still; οὐ σῖγα; μηδὲν τῶνδ' ἐρεῖς κατὰ πτόλιν; Aesch. Spt. 250; Ag. 1317 Ch. 94; ἀλλὰ σῖγα πρόσμενε, Soph. El. 1391; οὐ σῖγ' ἀνέξει; Ai. 75; σῖγ' ἔχειν, sich ruhig verhalten, Phil. 258 u. öfter, wie Eur. u. Ar. Ach. 226.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
σῖγα: Ἐπίρρ. (σιγὴ) σιωπηλῶς, ἐν χρήσει παρὰ τοῖς Ἀττικ. ποιηταῖς, σῖγ’ ἔχοντες Σοφ. Φιλ. 258· σῖγ’ ἔχουσα πρόσμενε ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἠλ. 1236· ἀλλὰ σῖγα πρόσμενε αὐτόθι 1399· σῖγ’ ἀκούειν ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἀποσπ. 819· κάθησο σῖγα Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 59· ὡσαύτως ὡς ἐπιφώνημα, σῖγα, σιωπή! «σούτ!» Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1344· οὕτως, οὐ σῖγα; ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Θήβ. 250· οὐ σῖγ’ ἀνέξει; Σοφ. Αἴ. 75· ― ὁ δημόσιος κῆρυξ κραυγάζων ἔλεγε: σῖγα πᾶς (ἐξυπακ. ἔστω) Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 238, πρβλ. Εὐρ. Ἑκ. 532· σῖγα κηρύσσειν ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Φοιν. 1224. 2) ἐν πολλῇ ἡσυχίᾳ ὡς ἐν ψιθυρισμῷ, χαμηλῇ τῇ φωνῇ, ἡσύχως, μυστικῶς (πρβλ. σιγὴ ΙΙ), τάδε σῖγά τις βαΰζει Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 449· σῖγ’ ἐπέρχεται φάτις Σοφ. Ἀντ. 700· σῖγα σήμαινε ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Φιλ. 22· σῖγα μὲν ἡρώεσσιν ἐκέκλετο Ὀρφ. Ἀργ. 700· πῶς αἱ πατρῷαί σ’ ἄλοκες φέρειν ... σῖγ’ ἐδυνάθησαν; Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 1212.
French (Bailly abrégé)
adv.
1 en silence : σῖγα ESCHL silence ! ; σῖγα ἔχω se taire;
2 silencieusement, doucement, sans bruit.
Étymologie: σιγή.
Greek Monotonic
σῖγᾰ: επίρρ. (σιγή),
1. σιωπηλά, ήσυχα· σῖγα ἔχειν, είμαι σιωπηλός, σε Σοφ.· κάθησο σῖγα, σε Αριστοφ.· μόνο του, σῖγα, σιωπή! κάτσε φρόνιμος! «σουτ»! σε Αισχύλ. ο δημόσιος κήρυκας αναγγέλλοντας σιωπητήριο έλεγε σῖγα πᾶς (ενν. ἔστω), σε Αριστοφ.
2. μέσα απ' τα δόντια, ψιθυριστά, κρυφά, σε Αισχύλ., Σοφ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
σῖγα: adv.
1) молча: σῖγα! Aesch. молчи(те)!, тише!; οὐ σ.; Aesch. да замолчишь ли ты?; σῖγ᾽ (ἔχουσα) πρόσμενε Soph. храни молчание; σ. κηρύσσειν Eur. через глашатая давать знак к молчанию;
2) тайком, втайне, неслышно (σῖγ᾽ ἐπέρχεται φάτις Soph.): γελῶσι σῖγ᾽ ἔχοντες Soph. они втайне смеются.
Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)
σῖγα, adv., in stilte, zwijgend:; γελῶσι σῖγ ’ ἔχοντες zij lachen stilletjes Soph. Ph. 238; als bevel:; σῖγα ! stil! Aeschl. Ag. 1344; heimelijk:. τάδε σῖγά τις βαΰζει dat is wat men heimelijk zegt Aeschl. Ag. 449.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: Adv.
Meaning: silently, in silence, also interj. be quiet!, hush! (trag.).
Derivatives: Besides σιγάω (Hom. only ipv. σίγα; ind. since h. Merc.), fut. σιγήσομαι (S., E., Ar. a. o.), -ήσω (AP, D. Chr. a. o.), perf. σεσίγηκα (Aeschin.), pass. σιγ-άομαι (S.), aor. -θῆναι (Hdt., E.), -αθῆναι (Theoc.), fut. -ηθήσομαι (E.), perf. σεσίγ-ημαι, Dor. -αμαι (Pi., E.), sometimes with κατα- a. o., 'to be quiet, to keep secret', pass. to be kept secret. Subst. σιγή, Dor. -ά (Pi.) f. silence, secrecy (Il.; Hom. only σιγῃ̃; cf. below); late innovation σῖγος n. id. (An. Ox.; cf. Schwyzer 512). -- Derivations. 1. From σιγή: σιγ-αλέος silent (AP, Orph.), -άζω (Pi., X., D.C. a.o.; κατα- σῖγα Arist. a.o.) to make silent; κατασιγαίνει H to πραΰνει. 2. From σιγάω: σιγ-ηλός, Dor. (Pi.) -αλός silent (Hp., S., Arist. etc.; may also come from σιγή, Thieme Studien 50 A. 3), -ηρός id. (Men., LXX a. o.), -ητής m. silent person (Latium IIp), -ητικός silent (Hp.), -ημονᾳ̃ς σιγᾳ̃ς H. -- On the unclear σιγ-άρνης m. (Call. Epigr. 45, 6) s. Schwyzer RhM 75, 447 a. 77, 105.
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: As basis of this wordgroup is prob. to be considered the first interjectival adv. σῖγα; from there the ipv. σίγα and the instrumental dat. σιγῃ̃ (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 74) of a gradually built verbal and nominal inflection (Schwyzer 722 n. 3 a. 726, Schw.-Debr. 257 n. 1, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 357; diff. Georgacas Glotta 36, 181 f.). -- For σῖγα onomatop. origin is prob., s. Schwyzer 307 w. lit. On the other hand ῥίγα (i.e. Ϝίγα) σιώπα H. points to orig. *σϜιγ-, which fits best to the WestGerm. verb for schweigen (be silent) in OHG swīgēn (only the velar is genetically deviant); on the anlaut cf. the doublet ὗς : σῦς. Further forms w. lit. and hypothetic connections in Bq, WP. 2, 534, Pok. 1052. -- Cf. σιωπάω, -ή. On the IE expressions for be silent Porzig Gliederung 107.
Middle Liddell
σιγή
1. silently, σῖγα ἔχειν to be silent, Soph.; κάθησο σῖγα Ar.; alone, σῖγα hush! be still! Aesch.:—the public crier proclaiming silence said σῖγα πᾶς (sc. ἔστὠ Ar.
2. under one's breath, in a whisper, secretly, Aesch., Soph.
