σφήξ

English (LSJ)

σφηκός, Dor. σφάξ, σφᾱκός (Theoc.5.29), ὁ (fem. only in An.Par.1.168 and as f.l. in Antisth. ap. Stob.3.13.38):—
A wasp, σφῆκες μέσον αἰόλοι Il.12.167, cf. Hdt.2.92, Ar.Ach.864, etc.; called εἰνόδιοι, from their making their nests in the road, Il.16.259; σφῆκες ἐκ γῆς Call.Iamb.1.98; on the different species, v. Arist.HA627b23, cf. 554b22: prov., μή πως ἐγείρῃς σφῆκα τὸν κοιμώμενον = lest thou wake the sleeping wasp AP7.405 (Phil.), cf. 408 (Leon.).
II = σφηκίσκος ΙΙ, Pherecr.238, IG11(2).156A56, al. (Delos, iii B.C.).

German (Pape)

[Seite 1050] σφηκός, ὁ, die Wespe, vespa; II. 12, 167. 16. 259, Her. 2. 92. u. s. f.; Ar. Ach. 829 u. öfter; Plat. Phaed. 82 b; Arist. H. A. 9, 41 u. A.; bei Nic. arithm. 2, 16 ὄγκος ὁ τῶν σφηκῶν u. ἡ τοῦ σφηκὸς ἐντομή.

French (Bailly abrégé)

σφηκός (ὁ) :
guêpe, insecte.
Étymologie: p. *Ϝέσπηξ, de Ϝέσπη, cf. lat. vespa ; sur le chang. de Ϝέσπηξ en *Ϝέσφηξ, > σφήξ, cf. σπάω et σφαδᾴζω, σπόγγος et σφόγγος, etc.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

σφήξ σφηκός, ὁ [~ σφήν? ~ ψήν?] wesp.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

σφήξ: ηκός, дор. σφάξ, ᾱκός ὁ оса Her., Arph. etc.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

σφήξ: σφηκός, Δωρ. σφάξ, σφᾱκός (Θεόκρ. 5. 29), ὁ, κοινῶς ἡ «σφήκα» ἢ «σφήγκα», σφῆκες μέσον αἰόλοι Ἰλ. Μ. 167· ἀκολούθως παρ’ Ἡροδ. 2. 92, Ἀριστοφάν., κλπ.· καλοῦνται δὲ εἰνόδιοι, ἐπειδὴ ποιοῦσι τὰς φωλεὰς αὐτῶν παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν, Ἰλ. Π. 259· περὶ τῶν διαφόρων αὐτῶν εἰδῶν ἴδε Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 9. 41, πρβλ. 5. 20· παροιμ., μή πως ἐγείρῃς σφ. τὸν κοιμώμενον Ἀνθ. Π. 7. 405, πρβλ. 408. ΙΙ. = σφηκίσκος ΙΙ, Φερεκρ. ἐν Ἀδήλ. 54· ― ὡσαύτως ἐν χρήσει ἀντὶ τοῦ σφήν, Φώτ., Ἐτυμ. Μέγ. (Ὁ Κούρτ. νομίζει τὸ Λατ. vesp-a ὡς πλησιέστατον πρὸς τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ῥίζαν, ὥστε ἡ Ἑλληνικὴ λέξις θὰ ἦτο ϝέσπη, κατ’ ἐπέκτασιν δὲ ϝέσπηξ, μεθ’ ὃ ἡ μὲν α΄ συλλαβὴ ἐξέπεσε τὸ δὲ π μετὰ τὸ σ ἐτράπη εἰς φ (ὡς ἐν τοῖς σφαδάζω, σπάω, σφόγγος σπόγγος, κτλ.), σφήξ). ― Ἴδε Κόντου Γλωσσ. Παρατηρήσ. σελ. 358.

English (Autenrieth)

σφηκός (cf. vespa): wasp or hornet, Il. 12.167 and Il. 16.259.

Greek Monolingual

-ηκός, ὁ, ΜΑ, και σπαν. σφήξ, -ηκός, ἡ, και δωρ. τ. σφάξ, -ακός, Α
βλ. σφήκα.

Greek Monotonic

σφήξ: σφηκός, Δωρ. σφάξ, σφᾱκός, ὁ, το έντομο σφήκα, Λατ. vespa, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Ηρόδ., Αττ.

Frisk Etymological English

-ηκός
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: wasp (Il.).
Other forms: Dor. (Theoc.) -ακός m.
Derivatives: I. σφηκ-ιά f. wasp-nest (S., E., Ar., LXX a.o.; Scheller Oxytonierung 68). 2. -ίον n. comb in a wasp's nest (Arist., Thphr. a.o.); ἐπι-σφήκ-ιον n. meaning unknown (Delos IIIa). 3. -ίσκος m. pointed wood, rafter etc. (Ar., Arist., inscr. a.o.). 4. -ίας m. id. (Pherecr.), also name of a verse (Ps.-Plu.; cf. σφηκικός, σφηκώδης). 5. -ειον n. wasp-like insect (Nic.). 6. -εια f. old name of the island Cyprus (Lyc., H.). 7. -ικός wasp-like, name of a verse (Eust.), -ώδης id. (Ar. a.o.), also name of a verse (sch.). 8. -ισμός εἶδος αὑλή-σεως, εἰρημένον ἀπὸ τῆς ἐμφερείας τῶν βομ<β>ῶν H. (: *σφη-κίζω). 9. -ίωσις κηρία σφηκῶν H. (: σφηκ-ίον, *-ιόω). 10. Unclear σφηκός = σφηκώδης (S. Fr. 29), σφήξ λόφου τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ λόφου κτλ. H.; σφήκη n. pl. meaning unknown (pap. IIIa). II. Usual denom. -όομαι, -όω, often w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, to be contracted, bound in the middle, esp. to contract, to bind (P52, Ar., hell. a. late epic, late prose) with -ωμα n. point of a helmet (S., Ar.), cord, cable (pap. IIIa etc.).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: On the formation cf. μύρμηξ, σκώληξ (s. vv.). Unexplained. Tempting, but morpholog. difficult is the comparison with σφήν (Solmsen Wortforsch. 129 w. n. 1, Grošelj Živa Ant. 4, 176). Other proposal: to σφάκελος referring to the constricted body (Persson Beitr. 1, 396 n. 1 asking); to ψήν gall-insect, ψῆν rub (Hofmann Et. Wb. with Specht Ursprung 45); on the supposed metathesis etc. Hiersche Ten. aspiratae 189 f. On the certainly wrong combination with Lat. vespa a. cogn. (since Pott) s. Curtius 382 a. Bq; thus Georgiev Word 3, 77 ff. Older attempts (w. lit.) in Bq. -- Furnée 393 compares ψήν and concludes that the word is Pre-Greek; the conclusion is certainly right.

Middle Liddell

σφήξ, σφηκός, δοριξ σφάξ, σφᾱκός, οῦ, ὁ,
a wasp, Lat. vespa, Il., Hdt., Attic

Frisk Etymology German

σφήξ: -ηκός
{sphḗks}
Forms: dor. (Theok.) -ακός m.
Meaning: Wespe (seit Il.)
Derivative: Davon I. σφηκιά f. Wespennest (S., E., Ar., LXX u.a.; Scheller Oxytonierung 68). 2. -ίον n. Wespenzelle (Arist., Thphr. u.a.); ἐπισφηκιον n. Bed. unbekannt (Delos III^a). 3. -ίσκος m. zugespitztes Holz, Dachsparren (Ar., Arist., Inschr. u.a.). 4. -ίας m. ib. (Pherekr.), auch N. es Verses (Ps.-Plu.; vgl. σφηκικός, σφηκώδης). 5. -ειον n. wespenähnliches Insekt (Nik.). 6. -εια f. alter N. der Insel Kypros (Lyk., H.). 7. -ικός wespenähnlich, N. eines Verses (Eust.), -ώδης ib. (Ar. u.a.), auch N. eines Verses (Sch.). 8. -ισμός· εἶδος αὐλήσεως, εἰρημένον ἀπὸ τῆς ἐμφερείας τῶν βομ<β>ῶν H. (: *σφηκίζω). 9. -ίωσις· κηρία σφηκῶν H. (: σφηκίον, *-ιόω). 10. Unklar σφηκός = σφηκώδης (S. Fr. 29), ~ λόφου· τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ λόφου κτλ. H.; σφήκη n. pl. Bed. unbekannt (Pap. III^a). II. Gewöhnliches Denom. -όομαι, -όω, oft m. Präfix, z.B. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, ‘in der Mitte zusammengezogen, zugeschnürt werden, bzw. zusammenziehen, zuschnüren’ (P52, Ar., hell. u. sp. Epik, sp. Prosa) mit -ωμα n. Helmspitze (S., Ar.), Schnur, Seil (Pap. III^a usw.). Zur Bildung vgl. μύρμηξ, σκώληξ (s. dd.).
Etymology: Nicht sicher erklärt. Verlockend, aber morphologisch schwierig ist der Vergleich mit σφήν (Solmsen Wortforsch. 129 m. A. 1, Grošelj Živa Ant. 4, 176). Andere Vorschläge: zu σφάκελος mit Beziehung auf den eingeschnürten Leib (Persson Beitr. 1, 396 A. 1 fragend); zu ψήν ‘Dattel-, Feigen-, Gallwespe’, ψῆν reiben (Hofmann Et. Wb. mit Specht Ursprung 45); zu der dabei anzunehmenden Metathese usw. Hiersche Ten. aspiratae 189 f. Über die gewiß verfehlte Kombination mit lat. vespa u. Verw. (seit Pott) s. Curtius 382 u. Bq; ebenso noch Georgiev Word 3, 77 ff. Ältere Versuche (m. Lit.) bei Bq.
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Mantoulidis Etymological

-σφηκός (=σφήκα). Ἀβέβαιη ἡ ἐτυμολογία του. Ἴσως στήν ἀρχή νά ἦταν ϝέσπηξ → σφήξ. Παράγωγα ἀπό ἴδια ρίζα: σφηκιά (=φωλιά ἀπό σφῆκες), σφηκίσκος (=μυτερό ξύλο), σφηκῶ (=δένω), σφήκωμα (=ἡ κορυφή τῆς περικεφαλαίας).

Translations

Afrikaans: perdeby, wespe; Albanian: grerëz, grenzë, arëz, anëz, greth; Arabic: دَبُّور‎, زُنْبُور‎; Egyptian Arabic: دبور‎; Moroccan Arabic: رزوزية‎; Armenian: կրետ; Aromanian: yeaspi, yaspi, ayeaspi; Assamese: বৰল; Asturian: aviespa; Azerbaijani: eşşəkarısı; Baluchi: گوبز‎; Bashkir: һағыҙаҡ; Basque: liztor; Belarusian: аса́; Bengali: বোলতা; Bulgarian: оса́; Burmese: နကျယ်ကောင်; Catalan: vespa; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵉⵕⵥⵥⵉ; Chamicuro: shani; Chichewa: bavu; Chinese Mandarin: 黃蜂, 黄蜂, 胡蜂; Cornish: gohien; Czech: vosa; Danish: hveps, gedehams; Darkinjung: murulgang; Dutch: wesp; Elfdalian: djietingg; Esperanto: vespo; Estonian: herilane; Faroese: vespa; Finnish: ampiainen; Franco-Provençal: vépa; French: guêpe; Friulian: gjespe, jespe, viespe; Galician: avéspora, avespa, nespra; Georgian: ბზიკი, კრაზანა; German: Wespe; Greek: σφήκα; Ancient Greek: σφήξ; Greenlandic: hvepsi, iguutilik; Haitian Creole: gèp, djèp; Hebrew: צִרְעָה‎; Hindi: हड्डा, ततैया; Hungarian: darázs; Icelandic: geitungur; Irish: foiche, beach chapaill, beach ghabhair; Italian: vespa; Japanese: 雀蜂, 蜂; Kapampangan: tamumu; Kazakh: ара, сона, жабайы ара; Khmer: ឪម៉ាល់, ញាំង, តាហ៊រ; Korean: 말벌; Kurdish Central Kurdish: زەردەواڵە‎; Kyrgyz: аары; Lao: ໂຕຕໍ່, ຕໍ່; Latgalian: lapsine; Latin: vespa, dolichovespa; Latvian: lapsene; Lithuanian: vapsva, širšė, širšuolis; Livonian: vaps; Low German German Low German: Wöps, Wösp; Luxembourgish: Harespel; Macedonian: о́са; Malay: tebuan, penyengat; Malayalam: കടന്നൽ; Maltese: żunżan; Manx: shellan cabbyl; Maori: wāpi; Middle Persian: 𐭥𐭯𐭦‎; Mongolian: морин зөгий; Navajo: tsísʼnáłtsooí; Northern Sami: vievssis; Norwegian Bokmål: veps; Nynorsk: veps, kvefs; Occitan: vèspa; Ojibwe: ᐋᒨ; Old Church Slavonic: оса; Old English: wæps; Panamint: poihna, woakuutsi; Persian: زنبور‎, گبت‎; Middle Persian: wabz; Plautdietsch: Willebie; Polish: osa; Portuguese: vespa; Romanian: viespe; Romansch: vespra, viaspra; Russian: оса́; Sardinian: espa, espe; Scottish Gaelic: speach; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̀са, зоља; Roman: òsa, zolja; Sicilian: vespa; Slovak: osa; Slovene: ôsa; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: wósa; Upper Sorbian: wosa; Spanish: avispa; Swedish: geting; Tagalog: putakti, lulumbo, hinlulumbo; Tajik: занбӯр, ору; Thai: ตัวต่อ, ต่อ; Tibetan: མདུང་སྦྲང; Turkish: yaban arısı; Turkmen: eşegary; Ukrainian: оса́; Urdu: تتیا‎; Uzbek: ari; Venetian: brespa, bespa, vespa, ciospa; Vietnamese: ong bắp cày; Vilamovian: wesp; Volapük: vesep, lubien; Walloon: wesse; Welsh: cacynen, gwenynen feirch, picwnen; Westrobothnian: gjatning; Wolof: njulli-kaata bi; Yiddish: וועספּ‎; Yoruba: agbọ́n; Zaghawa: bingbing