propter: Difference between revisions
πείθεται πᾶς ἥδιον ἢ βιάζεται (Dio Cassius, Historiae Romanae 8.36.3) → it's always more pleasant to be persuaded than to be forced
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|lshtext=<b>propter</b>: adv. and prep. contr. for propiter, from [[prope]]; cf.: [[inter]], [[subter]].<br /><b>I</b> Adv., [[near]], [[hard]] by, at [[hand]] (syn.: [[prope]], juxta; [[rare]] [[but]] [[class]].). serito in [[loco]], ubi [[aqua]] [[propter]] siet, [[Cato]], R. R. 151, 2: ibi angiportum [[propter]] est, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 37: [[propter]] dormire, id. Eun. 2, 3, 77: araque Panchaeos exhalat [[propter]] odores, Lucr. 2, 417: [[propter]] est [[spelunca]], Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107 (al. [[prope]]): vident unum virum esse ... et eum [[propter]] esse, id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13: cum duo reges [[propter]] assint, id. ib. 6, 16: (caules) si [[propter]] sati sunt, id. N. D. 2, 47, 120: duo filii [[propter]] cubantes, id. Rosc. Am. 23, 64; id. Inv. 2, 4, 14: [[adulescentia]] voluptates [[propter]] intuens, id. Sen. 14, 48; id. ap. Non. 367, 25: [[cornix]] [[propter]] [[volans]], Phaedr. 2, 6, 7: [[praeter]] [[propter]], v [[praeter]]. —<br /><b>II</b> Prep. [[with]] acc., [[near]], [[hard]] by, [[close]] to (syn.: [[prope]], juxta, ad).<br /> <b>A</b> Lit., of [[place]] ([[rare]] [[but]] [[class]].); stat [[propter]] virum fortem, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 9; id. Curc. 4, 1, 14; id. Rud. prol. 33: partem cohortium [[propter]] [[mare]] collocat, Sisenn ap. Non. 367, 32: hic [[propter]] hunc assiste, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15: [[propter]] eam porticum situm erat [[dolium]], Varr ap. Non. 367, 31: [[propter]] Platonis statuam consedimus, Cic. Brut. 6, 25: [[propter]] aliquem assidere, id. Rep. 1, 11, 17 (cited ap. Non. 367, 28): insulae [[propter]] Siciliam, id. N. D. 3, 22, 55: [[propter]] aquae rivum, Lucr. 2, 30; Verg. E. 8, 87.—Following its [[case]]: viam [[propter]], Tac. A. 15, 47: hostem [[propter]], id. ib. 4, 48.—<br /> <b>B</b> Trop., in stating a [[cause]].<br /> <b>1</b> On [[account]] of, by [[reason]] of, from, for, [[because]] of (syn. ob; the predom. signif. of the [[word]]): parere legibus [[propter]] metum, Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34; cf.: [[propter]] metum poenae, id. Sest. 46, 99: [[propter]] eam ipsam causam, id. de Or. 1, 16, 72: [[propter]] frigora frumenta in agris matura non erant, Caes. B. G. 1, 16: [[propter]] humanitatem, Cic. Att. 7, 5, 2: is [[propter]] morbum exire non potuit, Auct. Her. 1, 11, 19: excusato languore faucium [[propter]] quem non adesset, Suet. Ner. 41; id. Aug. 8; Sall. J. 23, 1: bidentes [[propter]] viam facere, to [[sacrifice]] on [[account]] of a [[journey]], Laber, ap. Non. 53, 26; cf.: [[propter]] viam [[fit]] [[sacrificium]] [[quod]] est proficiscendi gratiā, Herculi aut Sanco, Fest. p. 229 Müll.; Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 62: [[propter]] injuriam, to [[avoid]] [[injury]], Pall. 12, 13: [[propter]] hoc, [[propter]] [[quod]], on [[that]] [[account]], for [[which]] [[reason]], Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14; Col. 1, 6, 18: [[propter]] me, te, etc., on my, [[thy]] [[account]], etc., as [[far]] as I ([[you]], etc.) are concerned, = mea causā, or per me: egon [[propter]] me illam decipi miseram sinam? Ter. And. 1, 5, 36; id. Eun. 4, 6, 6: non est aequom me [[propter]] vos decipi, id. Phorm. 5, 7, 34: di [[numquam]] [[propter]] me de [[caelo]] descendent, Liv. 6, 18, 9.—<br /> <b>2</b> Through, by [[means]] of ([[rare]]).<br /> <b>a</b> Referring to persons in whom lies the [[cause]] of a [[thing]]: te [[propter]] tuam Matrem non posse habere hanc uxorem domi, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 55: [[propter]] quos vivit, [[through]] whom he lives, to whom he owes [[life]], Cic. Mil. 22, 58: lugere eum, [[propter]] quem ceteri laetarentur, id. ib. 30, 81; 34, 93.—<br /> <b>b</b> To things by [[means]] of [[which]] [[any]] [[thing]] takes [[place]]: [[quid]] [[enim]] [[refert]], [[utrum]] [[propter]] oves, an [[propter]] aves [[fructus]] capias? Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 11.— Placed [[after]] its [[case]]: [[quod]] [[propter]] studi, um cum rem neglegere familiarem videretur, Cic. Sen. 7, 22; id. Pis. 7, 15; id. Att. 10, 4, 1 al.: suctum [[propter]] [[lactis]], Plin. 10, 40, 56, § 115: [[quam]] [[propter]] tantos potui perferre labores, Verg. A. 12, 177. | |lshtext=<b>propter</b>: adv. and prep. contr. for propiter, from [[prope]]; cf.: [[inter]], [[subter]].<br /><b>I</b> Adv., [[near]], [[hard]] by, at [[hand]] (syn.: [[prope]], juxta; [[rare]] [[but]] [[class]].). serito in [[loco]], ubi [[aqua]] [[propter]] siet, [[Cato]], R. R. 151, 2: ibi angiportum [[propter]] est, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 37: [[propter]] dormire, id. Eun. 2, 3, 77: araque Panchaeos exhalat [[propter]] odores, Lucr. 2, 417: [[propter]] est [[spelunca]], Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107 (al. [[prope]]): vident unum virum esse ... et eum [[propter]] esse, id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13: cum duo reges [[propter]] assint, id. ib. 6, 16: (caules) si [[propter]] sati sunt, id. N. D. 2, 47, 120: duo filii [[propter]] cubantes, id. Rosc. Am. 23, 64; id. Inv. 2, 4, 14: [[adulescentia]] voluptates [[propter]] intuens, id. Sen. 14, 48; id. ap. Non. 367, 25: [[cornix]] [[propter]] [[volans]], Phaedr. 2, 6, 7: [[praeter]] [[propter]], v [[praeter]]. —<br /><b>II</b> Prep. [[with]] acc., [[near]], [[hard]] by, [[close]] to (syn.: [[prope]], juxta, ad).<br /> <b>A</b> Lit., of [[place]] ([[rare]] [[but]] [[class]].); stat [[propter]] virum fortem, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 9; id. Curc. 4, 1, 14; id. Rud. prol. 33: partem cohortium [[propter]] [[mare]] collocat, Sisenn ap. Non. 367, 32: hic [[propter]] hunc assiste, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15: [[propter]] eam porticum situm erat [[dolium]], Varr ap. Non. 367, 31: [[propter]] Platonis statuam consedimus, Cic. Brut. 6, 25: [[propter]] aliquem assidere, id. Rep. 1, 11, 17 (cited ap. Non. 367, 28): insulae [[propter]] Siciliam, id. N. D. 3, 22, 55: [[propter]] aquae rivum, Lucr. 2, 30; Verg. E. 8, 87.—Following its [[case]]: viam [[propter]], Tac. A. 15, 47: hostem [[propter]], id. ib. 4, 48.—<br /> <b>B</b> Trop., in stating a [[cause]].<br /> <b>1</b> On [[account]] of, by [[reason]] of, from, for, [[because]] of (syn. ob; the predom. signif. of the [[word]]): parere legibus [[propter]] metum, Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34; cf.: [[propter]] metum poenae, id. Sest. 46, 99: [[propter]] eam ipsam causam, id. de Or. 1, 16, 72: [[propter]] frigora frumenta in agris matura non erant, Caes. B. G. 1, 16: [[propter]] humanitatem, Cic. Att. 7, 5, 2: is [[propter]] morbum exire non potuit, Auct. Her. 1, 11, 19: excusato languore faucium [[propter]] quem non adesset, Suet. Ner. 41; id. Aug. 8; Sall. J. 23, 1: bidentes [[propter]] viam facere, to [[sacrifice]] on [[account]] of a [[journey]], Laber, ap. Non. 53, 26; cf.: [[propter]] viam [[fit]] [[sacrificium]] [[quod]] est proficiscendi gratiā, Herculi aut Sanco, Fest. p. 229 Müll.; Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 62: [[propter]] injuriam, to [[avoid]] [[injury]], Pall. 12, 13: [[propter]] hoc, [[propter]] [[quod]], on [[that]] [[account]], for [[which]] [[reason]], Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14; Col. 1, 6, 18: [[propter]] me, te, etc., on my, [[thy]] [[account]], etc., as [[far]] as I ([[you]], etc.) are concerned, = mea causā, or per me: egon [[propter]] me illam decipi miseram sinam? Ter. And. 1, 5, 36; id. Eun. 4, 6, 6: non est aequom me [[propter]] vos decipi, id. Phorm. 5, 7, 34: di [[numquam]] [[propter]] me de [[caelo]] descendent, Liv. 6, 18, 9.—<br /> <b>2</b> Through, by [[means]] of ([[rare]]).<br /> <b>a</b> Referring to persons in whom lies the [[cause]] of a [[thing]]: te [[propter]] tuam Matrem non posse habere hanc uxorem domi, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 55: [[propter]] quos vivit, [[through]] whom he lives, to whom he owes [[life]], Cic. Mil. 22, 58: lugere eum, [[propter]] quem ceteri laetarentur, id. ib. 30, 81; 34, 93.—<br /> <b>b</b> To things by [[means]] of [[which]] [[any]] [[thing]] takes [[place]]: [[quid]] [[enim]] [[refert]], [[utrum]] [[propter]] oves, an [[propter]] aves [[fructus]] capias? Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 11.— Placed [[after]] its [[case]]: [[quod]] [[propter]] studi, um cum rem neglegere familiarem videretur, Cic. Sen. 7, 22; id. Pis. 7, 15; id. Att. 10, 4, 1 al.: suctum [[propter]] [[lactis]], Plin. 10, 40, 56, § 115: [[quam]] [[propter]] tantos potui perferre labores, Verg. A. 12, 177. | ||
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{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>proptĕr</b>⁶ (*propiter, [[prope]]),<br /> <b>I</b> adv., à côté, auprès, à proximité : [[propter]] [[est]] [[spelunca]] Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 107, à côté se trouve une caverne, cf. Cic. Pomp. 13 ; Nat. 2, 120, etc.<br /> <b>II</b> prép. acc.,<br /><b>1</b> à côté de, près de : [[propter]] Platonis statuam Cic. Br. 23, à côté, auprès de la statue de [[Platon]], cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 96 ; Tusc. 1, 104 ; Nat. 3, 55, etc.<br /><b>2</b> à cause de : [[propter]] metum Cic. Par. 34, par crainte ; [[propter]] [[eam]] ipsam causam Cic. de Or. 1, 92, pour [[cette]] raison précisément ; [[propter]] multitudinem illorum hominum et [[quod]]... Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 93, à cause du grand nombre de ces habitants et parce que...; [[propter]] me Cic. Mil. 93, à cause de moi, cf. Cic. Mil. 58 ; 81 ; Amer. 63 || [[propter]] [[hoc]] [[Varro]] R. 3, 16, 14 ; [[propter]] [[quod]] Col. Rust. 1, 6, 18 ; quæ [[propter]] [[Varro]] L. 7, 37, à cause de cela || [[propter]] postposé : quem [[propter]] Cic. Pis. 15, à cause de qui, cf. Cic. CM 22 ; Att. 10, 4, 1 ; Virg. En. 12, 177. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 07:01, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
propter: adv. and prep. contr. for propiter, from prope; cf.: inter, subter.
I Adv., near, hard by, at hand (syn.: prope, juxta; rare but class.). serito in loco, ubi aqua propter siet, Cato, R. R. 151, 2: ibi angiportum propter est, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 37: propter dormire, id. Eun. 2, 3, 77: araque Panchaeos exhalat propter odores, Lucr. 2, 417: propter est spelunca, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107 (al. prope): vident unum virum esse ... et eum propter esse, id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13: cum duo reges propter assint, id. ib. 6, 16: (caules) si propter sati sunt, id. N. D. 2, 47, 120: duo filii propter cubantes, id. Rosc. Am. 23, 64; id. Inv. 2, 4, 14: adulescentia voluptates propter intuens, id. Sen. 14, 48; id. ap. Non. 367, 25: cornix propter volans, Phaedr. 2, 6, 7: praeter propter, v praeter. —
II Prep. with acc., near, hard by, close to (syn.: prope, juxta, ad).
A Lit., of place (rare but class.); stat propter virum fortem, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 9; id. Curc. 4, 1, 14; id. Rud. prol. 33: partem cohortium propter mare collocat, Sisenn ap. Non. 367, 32: hic propter hunc assiste, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15: propter eam porticum situm erat dolium, Varr ap. Non. 367, 31: propter Platonis statuam consedimus, Cic. Brut. 6, 25: propter aliquem assidere, id. Rep. 1, 11, 17 (cited ap. Non. 367, 28): insulae propter Siciliam, id. N. D. 3, 22, 55: propter aquae rivum, Lucr. 2, 30; Verg. E. 8, 87.—Following its case: viam propter, Tac. A. 15, 47: hostem propter, id. ib. 4, 48.—
B Trop., in stating a cause.
1 On account of, by reason of, from, for, because of (syn. ob; the predom. signif. of the word): parere legibus propter metum, Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34; cf.: propter metum poenae, id. Sest. 46, 99: propter eam ipsam causam, id. de Or. 1, 16, 72: propter frigora frumenta in agris matura non erant, Caes. B. G. 1, 16: propter humanitatem, Cic. Att. 7, 5, 2: is propter morbum exire non potuit, Auct. Her. 1, 11, 19: excusato languore faucium propter quem non adesset, Suet. Ner. 41; id. Aug. 8; Sall. J. 23, 1: bidentes propter viam facere, to sacrifice on account of a journey, Laber, ap. Non. 53, 26; cf.: propter viam fit sacrificium quod est proficiscendi gratiā, Herculi aut Sanco, Fest. p. 229 Müll.; Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 62: propter injuriam, to avoid injury, Pall. 12, 13: propter hoc, propter quod, on that account, for which reason, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14; Col. 1, 6, 18: propter me, te, etc., on my, thy account, etc., as far as I (you, etc.) are concerned, = mea causā, or per me: egon propter me illam decipi miseram sinam? Ter. And. 1, 5, 36; id. Eun. 4, 6, 6: non est aequom me propter vos decipi, id. Phorm. 5, 7, 34: di numquam propter me de caelo descendent, Liv. 6, 18, 9.—
2 Through, by means of (rare).
a Referring to persons in whom lies the cause of a thing: te propter tuam Matrem non posse habere hanc uxorem domi, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 55: propter quos vivit, through whom he lives, to whom he owes life, Cic. Mil. 22, 58: lugere eum, propter quem ceteri laetarentur, id. ib. 30, 81; 34, 93.—
b To things by means of which any thing takes place: quid enim refert, utrum propter oves, an propter aves fructus capias? Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 11.— Placed after its case: quod propter studi, um cum rem neglegere familiarem videretur, Cic. Sen. 7, 22; id. Pis. 7, 15; id. Att. 10, 4, 1 al.: suctum propter lactis, Plin. 10, 40, 56, § 115: quam propter tantos potui perferre labores, Verg. A. 12, 177.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
proptĕr⁶ (*propiter, prope),
I adv., à côté, auprès, à proximité : propter est spelunca Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 107, à côté se trouve une caverne, cf. Cic. Pomp. 13 ; Nat. 2, 120, etc.
II prép. acc.,
1 à côté de, près de : propter Platonis statuam Cic. Br. 23, à côté, auprès de la statue de Platon, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 96 ; Tusc. 1, 104 ; Nat. 3, 55, etc.
2 à cause de : propter metum Cic. Par. 34, par crainte ; propter eam ipsam causam Cic. de Or. 1, 92, pour cette raison précisément ; propter multitudinem illorum hominum et quod... Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 93, à cause du grand nombre de ces habitants et parce que...; propter me Cic. Mil. 93, à cause de moi, cf. Cic. Mil. 58 ; 81 ; Amer. 63
