multa
Latin > English
multa multae N F :: fine; penalty; penalty involving property (livestock, later money)
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
multa: (mulcta), ae, f. Sabine, acc. to Varr. ap. Gell. 11, 1, 5; Oscan, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 142 Müll.,
I a penalty involving loss of property, a fine, amercement, mulct; in the most ancient times riches consisted only in the possession of flocks and herds; it accordingly signified, at first, a fine in cattle; but in later times, when money was the measure of wealth, it signified a pecuniary fine (whereas poena denotes a punishment of any kind, e. g. corporal punishment, imprisonment, capital punishment): vocabulum ipsum multae M. Varro non Latinum, sed Sabinum esse dicit, Gell. 11, 1, 5: multam Osce dici putant poenam quidam. M. Varro ait poenam esse, sed pecuniariam, Paul. ex Fest. p. 142 Mull.: cum pecore diceretur multa, Varr. L. L. 5, § 95 Müll. The highest penalty in the earliest times was thirty head of cattle, the lowest a sheep, in specifying which the word ovis is used as of the masculine gender: ego ei unum ovem multam dico, I condemn him to pay, fine him, a legal formula ap. Gell. 11, 1, 4: multae dictio ovium et bovium, Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16.—Later, of a pecuniary fine: multa praesens quingentum milium aeris in singulas civitates imposita, Liv. 10, 37: multam alicui dicere, to decree, award, Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18: indicere, Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 11: subire, Ov. F. 5, 289: committere, to deserve, incur, Cic. Clu. 37, 103: exigere, Varr. L. L. 5, § 177 Müll.: remittere, Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18: irrogare (of the plaintiff, or people's tribune), to propose that the accused be fined a certain sum, id. Mil. 14, 36; so, petere, id. Clu. 33, 91: aliquem multā et poenā multare, id. Balb. 18, 42: multam alicui facere, Gell. 7, 14, 8: certare, to contend on both sides whether or not the proposed fine should be paid: duo tribuni plebis ducentum milium aeris multam M. Postumio dixerunt: cui certandae cum dies advenisset, Liv. 25, 3: multae certatio, Cic. Leg. 8, 3, 6: multa erat Veneri, for the benefit of Venus, id. Verr. 2, 2, 9, § 25: multa gravis praedibus Valerianis, a heavy loss, great damage, id. Fam. 5, 20, 4.—
II In gen., a penalty: singulos jure jurando adigam non aliter quam stantes cibum capturos esse ... hanc multam feretis, etc., Liv. 24, 16, 13: haec ei multa esto: vino viginti dies Ut careat, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 55.
multa:
I adj. fem., v. multus.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
multa, multō, v. mulcta, etc.
Latin > German (Georges)
multa (nicht mulcta), ae, f. (sabinisches, nach a. oskisches Wort), I) die Strafe am Eigentum, als Buße für zugefügten Schaden, in älterer Zeit am Viehe, cum pecore diceretur multa, Varro LL.: unam ovem multam dico, alte Gerichtsformel bei Gell. – später gew. am Gelde, Geldstrafe, Geldbuße, multam dicere, eine G. bestimmen, diktieren, Cic.: multam petere od. irrogare, darauf antragen, daß der Beklagte so oder so hoch gestraft werde, Cic.: certare multam, darüber von beiden Seiten (pro u. contra) streiten, ob die bestimmte Geldstrafe zu erlegen sei, Liv.: so auch multae certatio, Cic.: alqm multā et poenā multare, Cic.: multam committere, eine G. verwirken, in eine G. verfallen, Cic.: multam sufferre, Cic.: multam furoris od. erroris sufferre, Cic.: multam alci remittere, Liv.: multa erat Veneri, Cic.: multa praesens (bare Kriegsentschädigung) quinquaginta milium aeris in singulas civitates imposita, Liv.: multa gravis praedibus Valerianis, schwere Einbuße, Cic. ep. 5, 20, 4. – II) übtr., übh. Strafe durch Einbuße, Entbehrung, Plaut. asin. 801.