ὄρυγμα

English (LSJ)

ὀρύγματος, τό
A, (ὀρύσσω) excavation, trench, ditch, moat, Hdt.1.179,7.23, Th.1.106, OGI483.148 (Pergam., ii A. D.), etc.; tunnel, mine, Hdt.3.60; ὀρύσσειν ὀ. ὑπόγαια Id.4.200; mine, in sieges, X.HG3.1.7, Plb.5.100.2, etc.; also in metal-working, Id.34.10.11; at Athens, = βάραθρον, pit into which condemned criminals were thrown, ὁ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀρύγματι = the executioner, Din.1.62, cf. Lycurg.121, Poll.8.71.
II = ὄρυξις, Luc.VH2.1. (Written ὄρυμα Annuario 10/12.20 (Crete, iii/ ii B. C.).)

German (Pape)

[Seite 388] τό, das Gegrabene, die Grube, der Graben; τύμβου, Eur. Hel. 553; Her. 3, 60. 7, 23; Plat. Legg. VI, 779 c. Auch ein unter der Erde hinlaufender, unterirdischer Gang, Her. 4, 200; Thuc. 1, 106; Xen.; Minen, Pol. 5, 100, 2 u. öfter; so ὀρύγμασιν ἐνεχείρει, 5, 4, 6; Sp., wie D. Hal. 4, 59. In Athen = βάραθρον, die Grube, in welche die zum Tode verurtheilten Verbrecher gestürzt wurden, ὁ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀρύγματι = der Henker, Din. 1, 63; vgl. Harpocr.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ὀρύγματος (τό) :
I. trou que l'on creuse :
1 fosse;
2 galerie souterraine, particul. mine;
II. action de creuser.
Étymologie: ὀρύττω.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ὄρυγμα: ὀρύγματος τό
1 яма, ров Her., Thuc. etc.: ὄ. τύμβου Eur. могильная яма; (в Афинах) = βάραθρον: ὁ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀρύγματι или ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ὀρύγματος палач;
2 подземный ход, подкоп (ὀρύγματα ὑπόγαια Her.);
3 шахта, копь Polyb.;
4 рытье, пробуравливание Luc.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ὄρυγμα: τό, (ὀρύσσω) λάκκος, τάφρος, μέρος βαθέως ἐσκαμμένον, ὡς τὸ βόθρος, Λατ. scrobs, πρβλ. διῶρυξ, Ἡρόδ. 1. 179., 7. 23, Θουκ. 1. 106, κτλ.· ὑπόγειος δρόμος, ὑπόνομος, Ἡρόδ. 3. 60· ὀρύσσειν ὀρύγματα ὑπόγαια ὁ αὐτ. 4. 200· ὑπόνομος ἐν πολιορκίαις, Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 3. 1, 7, Πολύβ. 5. 100, 2. κτλ.· ὡσαύτως ἐν τῇ κατεργασίᾳ τοῦ μετάλλου, ὁ αὐτ. 34. 10, 11· - ὄρ. τύμβου, ὁ τάφος, Εὐρ. Ἑλ. 546 - ἐν Ἀθήναις, = βάραθρον, εἰς ὃ οἱ καταδεδικασμένοι κατάδικοι ἐρρίπτοντο, Λυκοῦργ. 165. 4· ὁ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀρύγματι, ὁ δήμιος, Δείναρχ. 98. 13, πρβλ. Πολυδ. 8. 71. ΙΙ. = ὄρυξις, Λουκ. π. Ἀληθ. Ἱστ. 2. 1.

Greek Monotonic

ὄρυγμα: ὀρύγματος, τό (ὀρύσσω),
I. διώρυγα, τάφρος, οχυρωματικό χαντάκι, Λατ. scrobs, σε Ηρόδ., Θουκ. κ.λπ.· σήραγγα, ορυχείο, σε Ηρόδ., Ξεν.· ὄρυγμα τύμβου, τάφος, σε Ευρ.
II. = ὄρυξις, σε Λουκ.

Middle Liddell

ὄρυγμα, ὀρύγματος, τό, ὀρύσσω
I. a trench, ditch, moat, Lat. scrobs, Hdt., Thuc., etc.: a tunnel, mine, Hdt., Xen.: —ὄρ. τύμβου the grave, Eur.
II. = ὄρυξις, Luc.

English (Woodhouse)

hole in the ground

Mantoulidis Etymological

(=λάκκος, ὑπόνομος). Ἀπό τό ὀρύσσω (=σκάβω), ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα.

Lexicon Thucydideum

foss, ditch, moat, trench, 1.106.1, 4.67.1, 4.90.2.

Translations

ditch

Albanian: hendek; Arabic: خَنْدَق‎, أُخْدُود‎, قَنَال‎, قَنَاة‎; Egyptian Arabic: خندق‎; Aragonese: franxe; Armenian: փոս, խրամ; Aromanian: hãndac, fusati, avlachi; Assamese: গাঁত; Avar: хандакъ; Azerbaijani: xəndək; Belarusian: канава, роў, траншэя; Bulgarian: канавка, траншея, ров; Burmese: မြောင်း; Catalan: sèquia, rasa; Chinese Mandarin: 水溝, 水沟, 溝渠, 沟渠, 渠; Czech: příkop; Danish: grav, rende; Dutch: sloot, greppel; Esperanto: fluejo; Estonian: kraav; Finnish: oja, kanava; French: fossé, tranchée, rigole; Friulian: fuesse; Galician: rego, suco, gabia; Georgian: თხრილი, გუბი; German: Graben, Schanze; Greek: χαντάκι, τάφρος, αυλάκι; Ancient Greek: τάφρος, τράφος, ὄρυγμα; Gujarati: ખાડો; Hebrew: חֲפִיר‎, תְּעָלָה‎; Hindi: खाई, नाली, गड्ढा; Hungarian: árok, sáncárok; Icelandic: skurður, síki, díki, gröftur, gröf; Indonesian: parit; Italian: fossato, trincea, canale, canalone, canale di scarico, affossamento, fosso; Japanese: 側溝; Javanese: kalèn; Khmer: ប្រឡាយ; Kikuyu: mũkaro; Korean: 도랑; Kumyk: татавул, канав, ханав; Kurdish Central Kurdish: خەندەک‎, خەندەق‎; Northern Kurdish: co, cihok, xendek, xendeq; Lao: ຄູ, ຕະຄອງ; Latin: fossa, canalis, scrobis, elix; Latvian: grāvis; Lithuanian: griovys; Luxembourgish: Gruef; Macedonian: ров, ендек; Maori: waikeri; Nepali: खाई; Norwegian Bokmål: grøft; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: ровъ; Old East Slavic: ровъ; Persian: گودال‎, فرگن‎; Plautdietsch: Growen; Polish: rów; Portuguese: fosso, trincheira, vala; Romanian: șanț; Russian: канава, траншея, ров, кювет; Scots: sheuch; Scottish Gaelic: dìg, clais; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ро̏в, јарак; Roman: rȍv, járak; Slovak: priekopa, jarok, kanál; Slovene: jarek, grapa; Southern Altai: ондук; Spanish: foso, surco, zanja, trinchera, acequia, cuneta; Swahili: handaki; Swedish: dike; Tabasaran: хандакӏ; Tajik: хандақ; Telugu: అగడ్త; Thai: คู, คูน้ำ; Tibetan: ས་ཤུར; Turkish: hendek; Ukrainian: рів, канава, траншея; Uzbek: xandaq; Vietnamese: hào, rãnh, mương; Volapük: söp; Welsh: ffos; Zazaki: hendeg

moat

Arabic: خَنْدَق‎; Armenian: խրամ; Azerbaijani: xəndək; Belarusian: роў; Bulgarian: ров; Burmese: ကျုံး; Catalan: fossat; Chinese Mandarin: 護城河, 护城河, 城壕, 城河; Chinese Characters: 堑, 塹, 壕, 池, 洫, 濠; Czech: vodní příkop, příkop; Danish: voldgrav; Dutch: slotgracht, gracht; Esperanto: fosaĵo; Estonian: vallikraav; Finnish: vallihauta; French: douve; Galician: foso, cárcava; Georgian: თხრილი, გუბი; German: Burggraben; Greek: τάφρος, τράφος, ὄρυγμα; Hebrew: חֲפִיר‎; Hindi: खन्दक, खाइ; Hungarian: sáncárok, vizesárok; Icelandic: kastalasíki, síki, virkisgröf, kastaladíki, díki; Ido: fosato; Irish: móta; Italian: fossato, fosso, canale, canalone; Japanese: 堀; Khmer: ស្នាមភ្លោះ; Korean: 해자, 호; Latin: fossa; Latvian: aizsarggrāvis; Macedonian: шанец; Maori: awamate; Norwegian Bokmål: vollgrav; Nynorsk: vollgrav; Occitan: valat, doga; Persian: خندق‎, پارگین‎; Polish: fosa; Portuguese: fosso; Romanian: șanț; Russian: ров; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: шанац; Roman: šanac; Slovak: priekopa; Slovene: jarek; Spanish: fosa, foso; Swedish: vallgrav, stormgrav; Tajik: хандақ; Tamil: பாதுகாப்பு பள்ளம்; Thai: คูปราสาท, คูเมือง; Tibetan: ཆུ་དོང་ལྕགས་རི; Turkish: hendek; Ukrainian: рів; Urdu: خندق‎, کھائی‎; Uzbek: xandaq; Vietnamese: hào, hố; Welsh: ffos

trench

Albanian: hendek; Arabic: خَنْدَق‎, أُخْدُود‎; Armenian: խրամատ; Basque: lubaki; Belarusian: траншэя, роў, канава, акоп; Bulgarian: изкоп, канавка; Catalan: trinxera; Chinese Mandarin: 壕溝, 壕沟, 戰壕, 战壕; Czech: příkop, výkop, zákop, rýha, brázda; Danish: grøft; Dutch: geul, sloot, greppel; Esperanto: fosaĵo; Finnish: oja; French: tranchée, fossé; Galician: trincheira, gabia, foxo; Georgian: თხრილი, ტრანშეა; German: Graben; Greek: χαράκωμα; Ancient Greek: τάφρος; Hebrew: תְּעָלָה‎; Hindi: खाई; Hungarian: árok; Ido: trancheo; Indonesian: palung; Italian: fosso, trincea, fossato; Japanese: 塹壕, トレンチ, 溝; Khmer: ប្រឡាយ; Kikuyu: mũkaro; Korean: 참호(塹壕), 트렌치; Lao: ຄູ, ຮ່ອງ; Latin: fossa, scrobis; Macedonian: ров; Malay: parit, jurang; Norman: tranchie; Norwegian Bokmål: grøft; Persian: ترانشه‎; Polish: okop, rów; Portuguese: fosso; Romanian: tranșee, fosă; Russian: траншея, окоп, ров, канава; Scottish Gaelic: trainnse, clais; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̀пкоп, ро̏в, јарак; Roman: òpkop, rȍv, járak; Slovak: priekopa, výkop, zákop; Slovene: jarek, rov; Spanish: trinchera; Swahili: mtaro, handaki; Swedish: dike, fåra, ränna; Tagalog: trintsera; Tajik: хандақ; Telugu: కందకము; Thai: คู, ร่อง; Tibetan: ས་ཤུར; Turkish: hendek, siper; Ukrainian: траншея, окоп, окі́п, рів, канава; Vietnamese: hào; Welsh: ffos