humus
Latin > English
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
hŭmus: i (archaic form of the
I abl. sing. humu, Varr. ap. Non. 488, 6 and 48, 26), f. (archaic masc. humum humidum pedibus fodit, Laev. ap. Prisc. p. 719 P.: humidum humum, Gracch. ib.) from the prim. form XAM, whence xămai/, xămo/qen, xămălo/sxămai/, xămo/qen, xămălo/s>, Lat. humilis; kindr. with Sanscr. Xám, earth; Gr. χθών], the earth, the ground, the soil.
I Lit. (class.; cf.: terra, solum, tellus): humus erat immunda, lutulenta vino, coronis languidulis et spinis coöperta piscium, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Gall. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 66 (ap. Orell. IV. 2, p. 454); cf.: omnia constrata telis, armis, cadaveribus et inter ea humus infecta sanguine, Sall. J. 101 fin.: subacta atque pura, Cic. de Sen. 17, 59: cubitis pinsibant humum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 23 Müll. (Trag. v. 435 Vahl.); cf.: procubuit moriens et humum semel ore momordit. bit the ground and died (cf. the Homer. ὀδὰξ ἑλεῖν γαῖαν), Verg. A. 11, 418: calcibus atram Tundit humum exspirans, id. ib. 10, 731; cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 112: pede candido In morem Salium ter quatient humum, Hor. C. 4, 1, 28: Acestes aequaevum ab humo attollit amicum, Verg. A. 5, 452: sedit humo, Ov. M. 4, 261: ipse feraces Figat humo plantas, Verg. G. 4, 115; cf.: semina spargere humo, Ov. M. 5, 647: surgit humo, id. F. 6, 735; cf.: nec se movit humo, id. M. 4, 264: dejectoque in humum vultu, id. ib. 6, 607: propter humum volitat, id. ib. 8, 258: humi atque ipsius stirpis laetitia, Col. 4, 24, 4; cf.: quis cibus erat caro ferina atque humi pabulum uti pecoribus, Sall. J. 18, 1: ii, quos humus injecta contegeret (shortly afterwards, gleba), Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57: quae (genera arborum) humi arido atque arenoso gignuntur, Sall. J. 48, 3 Kritz N. cr.—Poet., as a fig. for what is low, mean, common: sermones repentes per humum, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251; cf.: ne, dum vitat humum, nubes et inania captet, id. A. P. 230: ad humum maerore gravi deducit et angit, id. ib. 110; v. also under adv.: affigit humo divinae particulam aurae, id. S. 2, 2, 79.—
II Transf., in gen., like solum, land, country, region: Punica nec Teucris pressa fuisset humus, Ov. H. 7, 140: Aonia, id. F. 1, 490: Illyrica, id. Med. Fac. 74: Pontica, id. P. 3, 5, 56.—
III Adverbial form humi, like χαμαί, on the ground or to the ground: jacere humi, Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26: requiescere, Sall. J. 85, 33: strati, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22; cf.: serpit humi tutus nimium timidusque procellae, Hor. A. P. 28: quousque humi defixa tua mens erit? fixed on the ground, Cic. Rep. 6, 17: locus circiter duodecim pedes humi depressus, Sall. C. 55, 3: quot humi morientia corpora fundis? Verg. A. 11, 665: spargere humi dentes, Ov. M. 3, 105; cf.: hunc stravit humi, id. ib. 12, 255: tremens procumbit humi bos, Verg. A. 5, 481: volvitur ille excussus humi, id. ib. 11, 640; cf.: projectum humi jugulavit, Tac. H. 2, 64: stratus humi palmes viduas desiderat ulmos, Juv. 8, 78.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
hŭmus,⁸ ī, f.,
1 sol, terre : humo tectus Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, recouvert de terre, cf. Leg. 2, 58 || jacere humi Cic. Cat. 1, 26, coucher à terre, sur la dure ; sermones repentes per humum Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251, entretiens qui rampent a terre, sans élévation
2 pays, contrée, région : Ov. P. 1, 2, 90 ; F. 1, 490. m. arch. Prisc. Gramm. 6, 85 || abl. humu Varr. d. Non. 488, 6.
Latin > German (Georges)
humus, ī, f. (altind. kšāḥ, Erde, Erdboden, griech. χθών, χθονός Erdboden, χθαμαλός, niedrig, χαμαί, auf der Erde), die Erde, der erdige Boden, der Erdboden, das Erdreich, I) eig.: humus iniecta, Cic.: pabulum humi, Kräuter, Gras usw., Sall.: humum mordere (ὀδὰξ ελειν γαιαν b. Hom.), vor Schmerz in die Erde beißen, Verg.: repere per humum, auf der Erde, Hor.: propter humum volare, an der Erde, nahe an der Erde, Ov.: deicere in humum vultum, Ov. – dah. humi, wie χαμαί, an-, auf der Erde, an-, auf dem Boden, zu Boden, quae humi arido atque arenoso gignuntur, Sall.: humi iacēre, Cic.: stratus humi, Liv. u. Val. Max.: prosternere alqm humi, Verg. u. Ov.: se od. corpus humi abicere, Curt. u. Plin.: Ggstz. sublime (in der Luft), zB. Theodori nihil interest, humine an sublime putescat, Cic. Tusc. 1, 102. – humo, α) von der Erde, vom Boden, surgere, Ov.: membra levare, Ov.: ventus arenam humo excitavit (jagte auf), Sall. – β) auf dem Boden, sedēre, Ov.: iacēre, Ov. u. Phaedr. – γ) aus dem Boden, fundit humo facilem victum iustissima tellus, Verg.: hominem appellari, quia sit humo natus, von der Erde stamme, Quint. – δ) in der Erde, zur Erde, figere plantas, Verg.: condere alqm, Verg. – II) meton, (u. poet.) der Erdboden = die Gegend, das Land, h. Punica, h. Pontica, Ov. – / Als masc., Acc. humum humidum, Gracch. u. Laev. fr. bei Prisc. 6, 85. – Abl. humu, Varro sat. Men. 422 u. 531.
Latin > Chinese
humus, i. f. :: 土。地。Mandare eum humo 埋。Laetitia humi 地肥壯。 Fundere humi 倒地。Humi jacere 臥于地。