σίναπι

English (LSJ)

τό, Anaxipp.1.45, PFay.122.4,12 (i/ii A.D.); gen. εως PTeb.9.13 (ii B.C.), Ev.Matt.13.31, POxy.920.2 (ii/iii A.D.), Alex.Trall.1.12; ιος PMich.Zen.72.9 (iii B.C.), PStrassb.102.9 (iii A.D.); ις PLond.2.453.6 (iv A.D.); dat. ι PFlor.20.21 (ii A.D.); also σίνᾱπυ, Diocl. Fr.120, PCair.Zen.608.31, 703.12 (iii B.C.); gen. υος Sor.2.15 cod.; σίνηπι, Archig. ap. Gal.12.813, Crito ib.817, Dsc.2.154, Artem.5.5, etc.; gen. εως Asclep. ap. Gal.13.248, Dsc.1.38, PLips.97 xxxiii 4 (iv A.D.), etc.; ιος Aret.CD1.2, v.l. in Polyaen.4.3.32, etc.; σίνηπυ, Nic. Fr.84, Dsc.Eup.1.14; also σίνηπυς, acc. υν, ὁ, Nic.Al.533, and σίνᾱπις, ἡ, Herod.Med.in Rh.Mus.58.88:—

   A mustard, Sinapis alba:—in early Att. and Ion. none of these forms appear, but νᾶπυ, Hp.Vict.2.54, Morb.3.15, Mul.1.13, cf.Ath.9.367a, Phryn.255.    II σίνηπι ἄγριον or Περσικόν,= θλάσπι, Ps.-Dsc.2.156.    III σ. κηπαῖον, Brassica nigra, ib.154.

German (Pape)

[Seite 882] u. σίναπυ, τό, poet. σίνηπυ, υος, aus Nic. bei Ath. IX c. 2 (369 e), wo er als Ableitung angiebt, ὅτι σίνεται το ὺς ὦπας ἐν τῇ ὀδμῇ, – Senf, lat. sinapi; die bessern Att. brauchen aber keine dieser beiden Formen, sondern νᾶπυ, Ath. IX, 367 a; vgl. Lob. Phryn. p. 288; Crates bei Ath. a. a. O. führt aus Ar. Equitt. 631 βλέπε σίναπυ an, wo aber, wie Ath. auch bemerkt, ἔβλεψε νᾶπυ gelesen wird.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

σίνᾱπῐ: [σῐ], εως, Ἀνάξιππ. ἐν «Ἐγκαλυπτομένῳ» 1. 45, Καιν. Διαθ., καὶ σίνᾱπυ, ῠος Διοκλ. παρ’ Ἀθην. 68Ε, τό· Ἰων. σίνηπι, εως, ἢ ιος, Ἀριστ. περὶ Φυτ. 1. 5, 5, Ἀρχιγ. παρὰ Γαλην., κλπ., ἢ σίνηπυ Νίκ. παρ’ Ἀθην.366D· ὡσαύτως σίνηπυς, αἰτ. υν, ὁ, Νικ. Ἀλεξιφ. 533, «σινᾶπι», Λατιν. sinapi· ― παρὰ τοῖς δοκίμοις τῶν Ἀττικῶν οὐδεὶς τοιοῦτος τύπος εἶναι ἐν χρήσει, ἀλλὰ νᾶπυ, Ἀθήν. 367Α, πρβλ. Λοβέκ. εἰς Φρύνιχ. 288.

French (Bailly abrégé)

εως (τό) :
sénevé ; moutarde.
Étymologie: DELG emprunt.
Par. νᾶπυ.

Spanish

mostaza

English (Strong)

perhaps from sinomai (to hurt, i.e. sting); mustard (the plant): mustard.

English (Thayer)

(also σινηπι (but not in the N. T.), both later for the Attic νᾶπυ (so accented in late authors, better νᾶπυ), see Lob. ad Phryn., p. 288) (thought to be of Egyptian origin; cf. Vanicek, Fremdwörter, under the word νᾶπυ), σινάπεως (Buttmann, 14 (13)), τό, mustard, the name of a plant which in oriental countries grows from a very small seed and attains to the height of 'a tree' — ten feet and more; hence, a very small quantity of a thing is likened to a κόκκος σινάπεως (A. V. a grain of mustard seed), B. D., under the word Smith's Bible Dictionary, Mustard; Löw, Aram. Pflanzennamen, § 134; Carruthers in the ' Bible Educator' vol. i., p. 119f; Tristram, Nat. Hist. of the Bible, p. 472 f; Thomson, The Land and the Book, ii., 100f.)

Greek Monolingual

-άπεως, το, ΝΑ
βλ. σινάπι.

Greek Monotonic

σίνᾱπῐ: [σῐ], -εως, τό, Αττ. -νᾶπυ, το φυτό σινάπι, από τους αλεσμένους σπόρους του οποίου παρασκευάζεται η μουστάρδα, σε Καινή Διαθήκη

Russian (Dvoretsky)

σίναπι: εως τό (= σίνηπι) бот. горчица: κόκκος σινάπεως NT горчичное зерно.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

σίνᾱπῐ -εως, τό [νᾶπυ] mosterd(plant). NT.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: ν.
Meaning: mustard, mustard plaster. Can be found in late Lat. senpecta; s. Svennung Riv. fil. class. 95, 65 ff.
Other forms: σίνηπι, -απυ, -απις, -ηπυς (hell a. late). A variant is νᾶπυ (s.v.).
Compounds: A comp. is *σιναπο-πηκτη.
Derivatives: σινάπιον (EM, gloss.), -ίδιον (Alex. Trall.), -ινος of mustard (Dsc., Gal.), -ηρός spiced with mustard (pap.). -ίζω apply a mustard plaster with -ισμός (medic.).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: Comparable variants are found in words of Egyptian origin (σίλι : σέσελι, σάρι : σίσαρον), so the word has been thought to be of Egypt. origin (Hehn Kulturpflanzen 211, André Latomus 15, 296ff; rejected by Mayrhofer Sprache 7, 185ff.) Against the theory of Austro-Asiatic origin Kretschmer Glotta 27, 249f and Wüst Ρῆμα 2, 59ff, Anthropos 54 (1959) 987f. On the Greek forms Björck Alpha impurum 289f. The word can be found in late Lat. senpecta; s. Svennung Riv. fil. class. 95, 65 ff. Lat. LW [loanword] napus turnip (Plin.) and sinapi(s) mustard; from the last Goth. sina(s) , OHG senf etc. -- The form clearly goes back to a Pre-Greek *synapi with palatalized s; this may develop before consonant into σι (cf. κνώψ : κινώπετον, λασιτός : λάσται) cf. Beekes FS Kortlandt). If an i was not introduced, *sn- would have normally developed to ν- in Greek (cf. νεῦρον), but the σ- might have been retained, giving *σναπυ.
See also: s. νᾶπυ.