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|lnetxt=observo observare, observavi, observatus V :: [[watch]], [[observe]]; [[heed]] | |||
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|lshtext=<b>ob-servo</b>: āvi, ātum, 1 (archaic<br /><b>I</b> fut. perf. observasso, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 57), v. a.<br /><b>I</b> In gen., to [[watch]], [[note]], [[heed]], [[observe]] a [[thing]]; to [[take]] [[notice]] of, [[pay]] [[attention]] to ([[class]].; syn.: [[animadverto]], [[attendo]]): ne me observare possis, [[quid]] rerum geram, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 14: [[quid]] [[ille]] faciat, ne id observes, id. Men. 5, 2, 38: [[fetus]], to [[watch]] for, [[seek]] to [[catch]], Verg. G. 4, 512: [[lupus]] observavit, dum dormitarent [[canes]], watched, waited, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 133: occupationem alicujus, et aucupari [[tempus]], to [[watch]] in [[order]] to [[take]] [[advantage]] of, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 22: si iniquitates observaveris, Domine, Vulg. Psa. 129, 3: [[tempus]] epistulae alicui reddendae, to [[watch]] or [[wait]] for, Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1: et insidiari, to be on the [[watch]], id. Or. 62, 210: observavit [[sedulo]], ut [[praetor]] indiceret, etc., took [[care]] [[that]], etc., Suet. Claud. 22.—So [[pass]]. impers.: observatum est, ne [[quotiens]] introiret urbem, [[supplicium]] de [[quoquam]] sumeretur, Suet. Aug. 57 fin.: [[observans]] Acerroniae necem, observing, perceiving, Tac. A. 14, 6: [[postquam]] poëta sensit, scripturam suam Ab iniquis observari, to be scrutinized, Ter. Ad. prol. 1: [[sese]], to [[keep]] a [[close]] [[watch]] [[over]] one's [[self]], Cic. Brut. 82, 283.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic.<br /> <b>A</b> To [[watch]], [[guard]], [[keep]] [[any]] [[thing]]: januam, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 7: fores, id. Mil. 2, 3, 57: greges, Ov. M. 1, 513: draconem, auriferam obtutu observantem arborem, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 9, 22; Sen. Hippol. 223.—<br /> <b>B</b> To [[observe]], [[respect]], [[regard]], [[attend]] to, [[heed]], [[keep]], [[comply]] [[with]] a [[law]], [[precept]], [[recommendation]], etc.: leges, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40: censoriam animadversionem, id. Clu. 42, 117: [[praeceptum]] diligentissime, Caes. B. G. 5, 35: [[imperium]], Sall. J. 80, 2: [[foedus]], Sil. 17, 78: centesimas, to adhere to, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11: commendationes, to [[attend]] to, [[regard]], id. Fam. 13, 27, 1: auspicia, Tac. G. 9: diem concilii, Liv. 1, 50, 6: ordines, to [[keep]] in the ranks, Sall. J. 51, 1.—Pass.: id ab omnibus, Just. 21, 4, 5.—<br /> <b>C</b> To [[pay]] [[attention]] or [[respect]] to; to [[respect]], [[regard]], [[esteem]], [[honor]] one (syn.: [[veneror]], [[revereor]]): tribules suos, Cic. Planc. 18, 45: regem, Verg. G. 4, 210: me, ut alterum patrem, et observat, et diligit, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 4: et colere aliquem, id. Att. 2, 19, 5: aliquem [[perofficiose]] et [[amanter]], id. ib. 9, 20, 3: clarissimus et nobis observandus vir, Front. Ep. ad Anton. p. 4.—<br /> <b>D</b> Observare se a quā re = se abstinere, Vulg. Judic. 13, 12.—<br /> <b>E</b> To [[observe]], [[notice]], [[perceive]] (eccl. Lat.): Amasa non observavit [[gladium]], Vulg. 2 Reg. 20, 10.—Hence,<br /> <b>1</b> ob-[[servans]], antis, P. a.<br /> <b>A</b> Watchful, regardful, [[observant]].—Comp.: observantior aequi Fit [[populus]], Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 296.—Sup.: observantissimus omnium officiorum, Plin. Ep. 7, 30, 1; 10, 11, 1: observantissima lex suorum itinerum, App. de Mundo, 33 fin.—<br /> <b>B</b> Attentive, [[respectful]]: [[homo]] tui [[observans]], Cic. Quint. 11, 39; [[Charis]]. 77 P.: observantissimus mei [[homo]], Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 11; id. Fam. 13, 3 init. —Hence, adv.: [[observanter]], [[carefully]], [[sedulously]] ( | |lshtext=<b>ob-servo</b>: āvi, ātum, 1 (archaic<br /><b>I</b> fut. perf. observasso, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 57), v. a.<br /><b>I</b> In gen., to [[watch]], [[note]], [[heed]], [[observe]] a [[thing]]; to [[take]] [[notice]] of, [[pay]] [[attention]] to ([[class]].; syn.: [[animadverto]], [[attendo]]): ne me observare possis, [[quid]] rerum geram, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 14: [[quid]] [[ille]] faciat, ne id observes, id. Men. 5, 2, 38: [[fetus]], to [[watch]] for, [[seek]] to [[catch]], Verg. G. 4, 512: [[lupus]] observavit, dum dormitarent [[canes]], watched, waited, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 133: occupationem alicujus, et aucupari [[tempus]], to [[watch]] in [[order]] to [[take]] [[advantage]] of, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 22: si iniquitates observaveris, Domine, Vulg. Psa. 129, 3: [[tempus]] epistulae alicui reddendae, to [[watch]] or [[wait]] for, Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1: et insidiari, to be on the [[watch]], id. Or. 62, 210: observavit [[sedulo]], ut [[praetor]] indiceret, etc., took [[care]] [[that]], etc., Suet. Claud. 22.—So [[pass]]. impers.: observatum est, ne [[quotiens]] introiret urbem, [[supplicium]] de [[quoquam]] sumeretur, Suet. Aug. 57 fin.: [[observans]] Acerroniae necem, observing, perceiving, Tac. A. 14, 6: [[postquam]] poëta sensit, scripturam suam Ab iniquis observari, to be scrutinized, Ter. Ad. prol. 1: [[sese]], to [[keep]] a [[close]] [[watch]] [[over]] one's [[self]], Cic. Brut. 82, 283.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic.<br /> <b>A</b> To [[watch]], [[guard]], [[keep]] [[any]] [[thing]]: januam, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 7: fores, id. Mil. 2, 3, 57: greges, Ov. M. 1, 513: draconem, auriferam obtutu observantem arborem, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 9, 22; Sen. Hippol. 223.—<br /> <b>B</b> To [[observe]], [[respect]], [[regard]], [[attend]] to, [[heed]], [[keep]], [[comply]] [[with]] a [[law]], [[precept]], [[recommendation]], etc.: leges, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40: censoriam animadversionem, id. Clu. 42, 117: [[praeceptum]] diligentissime, Caes. B. G. 5, 35: [[imperium]], Sall. J. 80, 2: [[foedus]], Sil. 17, 78: centesimas, to adhere to, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11: commendationes, to [[attend]] to, [[regard]], id. Fam. 13, 27, 1: auspicia, Tac. G. 9: diem concilii, Liv. 1, 50, 6: ordines, to [[keep]] in the ranks, Sall. J. 51, 1.—Pass.: id ab omnibus, Just. 21, 4, 5.—<br /> <b>C</b> To [[pay]] [[attention]] or [[respect]] to; to [[respect]], [[regard]], [[esteem]], [[honor]] one (syn.: [[veneror]], [[revereor]]): tribules suos, Cic. Planc. 18, 45: regem, Verg. G. 4, 210: me, ut alterum patrem, et observat, et diligit, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 4: et colere aliquem, id. Att. 2, 19, 5: aliquem [[perofficiose]] et [[amanter]], id. ib. 9, 20, 3: clarissimus et nobis observandus vir, Front. Ep. ad Anton. p. 4.—<br /> <b>D</b> Observare se a quā re = se abstinere, Vulg. Judic. 13, 12.—<br /> <b>E</b> To [[observe]], [[notice]], [[perceive]] (eccl. Lat.): Amasa non observavit [[gladium]], Vulg. 2 Reg. 20, 10.—Hence,<br /> <b>1</b> ob-[[servans]], antis, P. a.<br /> <b>A</b> Watchful, regardful, [[observant]].—Comp.: observantior aequi Fit [[populus]], Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 296.—Sup.: observantissimus omnium officiorum, Plin. Ep. 7, 30, 1; 10, 11, 1: observantissima lex suorum itinerum, App. de Mundo, 33 fin.—<br /> <b>B</b> Attentive, [[respectful]]: [[homo]] tui [[observans]], Cic. Quint. 11, 39; [[Charis]]. 77 P.: observantissimus mei [[homo]], Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 11; id. Fam. 13, 3 init. —Hence, adv.: [[observanter]], [[carefully]], [[sedulously]] (post-class.): sequi, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 1, § 7; App. Mag. p. 320, 11.—Comp.: observantius, Amm. 23, 6, 79.—Sup.: aliquid observantissime vitare, Gell. 10, 21.—<br /> <b>b</b> Reverentially: ad precandum accedere, Lact. 5, 19, 26.—<br /> <b>2</b> observātē, adv., [[observantly]], [[carefully]], perspicaciously (postclass.): [[observate]] curioseque animadvertit M. [[Tullius]], Gell. 2, 17, 1. | ||
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|georg=ob-[[servo]], āvī, ātum, āre, [[etwas]] [[beobachten]], [[auf]] [[etwas]] [[achtgeben]], [[passen]], [[merken]], [[lauern]], I) im allg.: virum, den M. [[belauern]], [[auf]] den M. [[aufpassen]], Plaut.: [[motus]] stellarum, Cic.: aquilae [[volatus]], Plin.: occupationem alcis observare tempusque aucupari, [[auf]] die [[Zeit]] [[lauern]], wo jmd. beschäftigt ist (um [[sie]] [[sich]] [[zunutze]] zu [[machen]]), Cic.: [[sese]], [[sehr]] [[auf]] [[sich]] [[aufmerksam]] [[sein]], Cic.: obs. se ab alqa re, [[sich]] in [[acht]] [[nehmen]] [[vor]] etw., Interpr. Iren. praef. § 2. – m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, [[observans]], [[quae]] signa ferant, Verg.: observat, quem ad modum se [[unus]] [[quisque]] vestrûm gerat in retinenda religione, Cic. – absol., [[non]] [[enim]] id agit, ut insidietur et observet, [[sed]] [[iam]] favet, Cic. or. 210. – II) insbes.: A) [[auf]] [[etwas]] [[achtgeben]], etw. [[hüten]], ianuam, Plaut.: greges, Ov.: draconem, Cic. poët. – B) jmdm. Ehrerbietung-, [[Hochachtung]] [[erweisen]], jmd. [[ehren]], [[verehren]], [[schätzen]], deos, Ov.: alqm ut patrem, Cic.: alqm parentis [[loco]] obs., Cic.: alqm colere [[atque]] observare, Cic.: clarissimus et [[nobis]] observandus [[vir]], [[Fronto]] ep. ad Anton. Pium 4. p. 167, 6 N. – C) [[etwas]] [[beobachten]], [[auf]] etw. [[achten]], [[halten]], etw. [[einhalten]] = [[sich]] [[nach]] [[etwas]] [[richten]], etw. [[befolgen]], a) v. Pers.: leges, Cic.: [[praeceptum]], Caes.: centesimas, Cic.: vacationem, Liv.: [[suffragium]], Liv.: commendationem alcis, Cic. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., [[darauf]] [[halten]], [[darauf]] [[sehen]] ([[achten]]), Suet. Claud. 22: unpers., observatum est, ut etc., Liv. 2, 5, 10. observandum est, ut etc., Colum. 9, 3, 4: [[ebenso]] observare m. folg. ne u. Konj., Cic. de amic. 58. Pelagon. veterin. 25 (336 Ihm): unpers., [[quod]] ne accĭdat observari [[nec]] potest [[nec]] [[necesse]] est, Cic. or. 190: observatum est, ne [[quotiens]] introiret urbem, [[supplicium]] de [[quoquam]] sumeretur, Suet. Aug. 57, 2. – b) übtr., v. Lebl.: [[etesiae]] [[tempus]] observant, Sen. de nat. qu. 4, 2, 22. | |georg=ob-[[servo]], āvī, ātum, āre, [[etwas]] [[beobachten]], [[auf]] [[etwas]] [[achtgeben]], [[passen]], [[merken]], [[lauern]], I) im allg.: virum, den M. [[belauern]], [[auf]] den M. [[aufpassen]], Plaut.: [[motus]] stellarum, Cic.: aquilae [[volatus]], Plin.: occupationem alcis observare tempusque aucupari, [[auf]] die [[Zeit]] [[lauern]], wo jmd. beschäftigt ist (um [[sie]] [[sich]] [[zunutze]] zu [[machen]]), Cic.: [[sese]], [[sehr]] [[auf]] [[sich]] [[aufmerksam]] [[sein]], Cic.: obs. se ab alqa re, [[sich]] in [[acht]] [[nehmen]] [[vor]] etw., Interpr. Iren. praef. § 2. – m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, [[observans]], [[quae]] signa ferant, Verg.: observat, quem ad modum se [[unus]] [[quisque]] vestrûm gerat in retinenda religione, Cic. – absol., [[non]] [[enim]] id agit, ut insidietur et observet, [[sed]] [[iam]] favet, Cic. or. 210. – II) insbes.: A) [[auf]] [[etwas]] [[achtgeben]], etw. [[hüten]], ianuam, Plaut.: greges, Ov.: draconem, Cic. poët. – B) jmdm. Ehrerbietung-, [[Hochachtung]] [[erweisen]], jmd. [[ehren]], [[verehren]], [[schätzen]], deos, Ov.: alqm ut patrem, Cic.: alqm parentis [[loco]] obs., Cic.: alqm colere [[atque]] observare, Cic.: clarissimus et [[nobis]] observandus [[vir]], [[Fronto]] ep. ad Anton. Pium 4. p. 167, 6 N. – C) [[etwas]] [[beobachten]], [[auf]] etw. [[achten]], [[halten]], etw. [[einhalten]] = [[sich]] [[nach]] [[etwas]] [[richten]], etw. [[befolgen]], a) v. Pers.: leges, Cic.: [[praeceptum]], Caes.: centesimas, Cic.: vacationem, Liv.: [[suffragium]], Liv.: commendationem alcis, Cic. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., [[darauf]] [[halten]], [[darauf]] [[sehen]] ([[achten]]), Suet. Claud. 22: unpers., observatum est, ut etc., Liv. 2, 5, 10. observandum est, ut etc., Colum. 9, 3, 4: [[ebenso]] observare m. folg. ne u. Konj., Cic. de amic. 58. Pelagon. veterin. 25 (336 Ihm): unpers., [[quod]] ne accĭdat observari [[nec]] potest [[nec]] [[necesse]] est, Cic. or. 190: observatum est, ne [[quotiens]] introiret urbem, [[supplicium]] de [[quoquam]] sumeretur, Suet. Aug. 57, 2. – b) übtr., v. Lebl.: [[etesiae]] [[tempus]] observant, Sen. de nat. qu. 4, 2, 22. | ||
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{{ | {{LaZh | ||
| | |lnztxt=observo, as, are. :: 細觀。理會。偷看。敬。遵守。— occasionem 窺便時。— sese 自省察。— leges 守律例。— ostium 看門。 | ||
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Latest revision as of 21:05, 12 June 2024
Latin > English
observo observare, observavi, observatus V :: watch, observe; heed
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
ob-servo: āvi, ātum, 1 (archaic
I fut. perf. observasso, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 57), v. a.
I In gen., to watch, note, heed, observe a thing; to take notice of, pay attention to (class.; syn.: animadverto, attendo): ne me observare possis, quid rerum geram, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 14: quid ille faciat, ne id observes, id. Men. 5, 2, 38: fetus, to watch for, seek to catch, Verg. G. 4, 512: lupus observavit, dum dormitarent canes, watched, waited, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 133: occupationem alicujus, et aucupari tempus, to watch in order to take advantage of, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 22: si iniquitates observaveris, Domine, Vulg. Psa. 129, 3: tempus epistulae alicui reddendae, to watch or wait for, Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1: et insidiari, to be on the watch, id. Or. 62, 210: observavit sedulo, ut praetor indiceret, etc., took care that, etc., Suet. Claud. 22.—So pass. impers.: observatum est, ne quotiens introiret urbem, supplicium de quoquam sumeretur, Suet. Aug. 57 fin.: observans Acerroniae necem, observing, perceiving, Tac. A. 14, 6: postquam poëta sensit, scripturam suam Ab iniquis observari, to be scrutinized, Ter. Ad. prol. 1: sese, to keep a close watch over one's self, Cic. Brut. 82, 283.—
II In partic.
A To watch, guard, keep any thing: januam, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 7: fores, id. Mil. 2, 3, 57: greges, Ov. M. 1, 513: draconem, auriferam obtutu observantem arborem, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 9, 22; Sen. Hippol. 223.—
B To observe, respect, regard, attend to, heed, keep, comply with a law, precept, recommendation, etc.: leges, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40: censoriam animadversionem, id. Clu. 42, 117: praeceptum diligentissime, Caes. B. G. 5, 35: imperium, Sall. J. 80, 2: foedus, Sil. 17, 78: centesimas, to adhere to, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11: commendationes, to attend to, regard, id. Fam. 13, 27, 1: auspicia, Tac. G. 9: diem concilii, Liv. 1, 50, 6: ordines, to keep in the ranks, Sall. J. 51, 1.—Pass.: id ab omnibus, Just. 21, 4, 5.—
C To pay attention or respect to; to respect, regard, esteem, honor one (syn.: veneror, revereor): tribules suos, Cic. Planc. 18, 45: regem, Verg. G. 4, 210: me, ut alterum patrem, et observat, et diligit, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 4: et colere aliquem, id. Att. 2, 19, 5: aliquem perofficiose et amanter, id. ib. 9, 20, 3: clarissimus et nobis observandus vir, Front. Ep. ad Anton. p. 4.—
D Observare se a quā re = se abstinere, Vulg. Judic. 13, 12.—
E To observe, notice, perceive (eccl. Lat.): Amasa non observavit gladium, Vulg. 2 Reg. 20, 10.—Hence,
1 ob-servans, antis, P. a.
A Watchful, regardful, observant.—Comp.: observantior aequi Fit populus, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 296.—Sup.: observantissimus omnium officiorum, Plin. Ep. 7, 30, 1; 10, 11, 1: observantissima lex suorum itinerum, App. de Mundo, 33 fin.—
B Attentive, respectful: homo tui observans, Cic. Quint. 11, 39; Charis. 77 P.: observantissimus mei homo, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 11; id. Fam. 13, 3 init. —Hence, adv.: observanter, carefully, sedulously (post-class.): sequi, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 1, § 7; App. Mag. p. 320, 11.—Comp.: observantius, Amm. 23, 6, 79.—Sup.: aliquid observantissime vitare, Gell. 10, 21.—
b Reverentially: ad precandum accedere, Lact. 5, 19, 26.—
2 observātē, adv., observantly, carefully, perspicaciously (postclass.): observate curioseque animadvertit M. Tullius, Gell. 2, 17, 1.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
observō,⁹ āvī, ātum, āre, tr.,
1 porter son attention sur, observer : alia signa Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 7, observer d’autres signes [dans la divination] ; occupationem alicujus Cic. Amer. 22, guetter, épier le moment où qqn est occupé ; sese Cic. Br. 283, s’observer soi-même, ne se passer rien ; observant, quemadmodum sese unusquisque nostrum gerat Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 46, ils observent la manière dont chacun de nous se comporte || abst] observer des phénomènes, faire des observations : observando notare Cic. Div. 2, 146, noter (relever) au moyen d’observations
2 faire attention à, avoir l’œil sur, surveiller : januam Pl. As. 273 ; greges Ov. M. 1, 513, surveiller (garder) une porte, des troupeaux || [avec ne subj.] être attentif à éviter que : Cic. Læl. 58 ; Or. 190 ; [avec ut subj.] veiller à ce que, être attentif à ce que : Cic. Leg. 2, 24 ; Liv. 2, 5, 10 ; Suet. Claud. 22 ; Aug. 57
3 observer, respecter, se conformer à : leges Cic. Off. 2, 40, observer les lois ; præceptum Cæs. G. 5, 35, 1, se conformer à une instruction ; imperium Sall. J. 80, 2, observer les ordres ; ordines Sall. J. 51, 1, garder ses rangs || avoir des égards, de la déférence pour qqn, respecter, honorer : me ut alterum patrem et observat et diligit Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 4, il me respecte à la fois et m’affectionne comme un second père, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 149 ; Att. 2, 19, 5 ; 9, 20, 3 ; Fam. 7, 24, 1. arch. fut. ant. observasso Pl. Mil. 328.
Latin > German (Georges)
ob-servo, āvī, ātum, āre, etwas beobachten, auf etwas achtgeben, passen, merken, lauern, I) im allg.: virum, den M. belauern, auf den M. aufpassen, Plaut.: motus stellarum, Cic.: aquilae volatus, Plin.: occupationem alcis observare tempusque aucupari, auf die Zeit lauern, wo jmd. beschäftigt ist (um sie sich zunutze zu machen), Cic.: sese, sehr auf sich aufmerksam sein, Cic.: obs. se ab alqa re, sich in acht nehmen vor etw., Interpr. Iren. praef. § 2. – m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, observans, quae signa ferant, Verg.: observat, quem ad modum se unus quisque vestrûm gerat in retinenda religione, Cic. – absol., non enim id agit, ut insidietur et observet, sed iam favet, Cic. or. 210. – II) insbes.: A) auf etwas achtgeben, etw. hüten, ianuam, Plaut.: greges, Ov.: draconem, Cic. poët. – B) jmdm. Ehrerbietung-, Hochachtung erweisen, jmd. ehren, verehren, schätzen, deos, Ov.: alqm ut patrem, Cic.: alqm parentis loco obs., Cic.: alqm colere atque observare, Cic.: clarissimus et nobis observandus vir, Fronto ep. ad Anton. Pium 4. p. 167, 6 N. – C) etwas beobachten, auf etw. achten, halten, etw. einhalten = sich nach etwas richten, etw. befolgen, a) v. Pers.: leges, Cic.: praeceptum, Caes.: centesimas, Cic.: vacationem, Liv.: suffragium, Liv.: commendationem alcis, Cic. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., darauf halten, darauf sehen (achten), Suet. Claud. 22: unpers., observatum est, ut etc., Liv. 2, 5, 10. observandum est, ut etc., Colum. 9, 3, 4: ebenso observare m. folg. ne u. Konj., Cic. de amic. 58. Pelagon. veterin. 25 (336 Ihm): unpers., quod ne accĭdat observari nec potest nec necesse est, Cic. or. 190: observatum est, ne quotiens introiret urbem, supplicium de quoquam sumeretur, Suet. Aug. 57, 2. – b) übtr., v. Lebl.: etesiae tempus observant, Sen. de nat. qu. 4, 2, 22.
Latin > Chinese
observo, as, are. :: 細觀。理會。偷看。敬。遵守。— occasionem 窺便時。— sese 自省察。— leges 守律例。— ostium 看門。
