officium: Difference between revisions
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|lshtext=<b>offĭcĭum</b>: ii, n. for [[opificium]], [[opus]] and [[facio]], qs. [[that]] [[which]] one does for [[another]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[service]], [[whether]] of [[free]] [[will]] or of ([[external]] or [[moral]]) [[necessity]] ([[class]].; cf.: [[studium]], [[beneficium]], [[meritum]], [[munus]]).<br /><b>I</b> A [[voluntary]] [[service]], a [[kindness]], [[favor]], [[courtesy]], rendered to one whose [[claim]] to it is recognized; [[while]] [[beneficium]] is a [[service]] rendered [[where]] [[there]] is no [[claim]]: [[officium]] esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas [[necessitudo]] suscitat et ferre opem jubet, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: altera [[sententia]] est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: odiosum [[sane]] [[genus]] hominum officia exprobrantium, id. ib. 20, 71: [[nihil]] est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum [[officio]] vicini decidere, so as to do him a [[service]], Col. 2, 14, 6: summo [[officio]] [[praeditus]] [[homo]], [[exceedingly]] [[obliging]], Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 135. —<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[ceremonial]] [[observance]], [[ceremony]], [[attendance]] (on a [[festive]] or [[solemn]] [[occasion]]; [[mostly]] [[post]]-Aug.): [[officio]] togae [[virilis]] interfui, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2: [[sine]] solenni [[officio]], Suet. Claud. 2: per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo [[officio]] deductum ad se, id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26: ad [[officium]] venire, id. Calig. 25: relicto [[statim]] novorum consulum [[officio]], id. Caes. 50: in [[officio]] salutationis, id. Aug. 27: vitans [[praeter]] navigantium officia, id. Tib. 12: officia prosequentium, id. Caes. 71: [[quod]] supremis in matrem officiis defuisset, at the [[payment]] of the [[last]] offices, at the [[funeral]], Tac. A. 5, 2: [[officium]] [[cras]] Primo [[sole]] mihi peragendum in valle Quirini, a [[ceremonial]] [[visit]], Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—<br /> <b>2</b> In mal. [[part]]., [[compliance]], [[favor]], Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf. [[virile]], Theod. Prisc. 2, 11: [[puerile]], Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5; Petr. 140.—<br /><b>II</b> In gen., an obligatory [[service]], an [[obligation]], [[duty]], [[function]], [[part]], [[office]] (so [[most]] freq. in [[prose]] and [[poetry]] of all periods): nulla vitae [[pars]] [[neque]] publicis [[neque]] privatis [[neque]] forensibus [[neque]] domesticis in rebus, [[neque]] si [[tecum]] agas [[quid]], [[neque]], si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est [[honestas]] [[omnis]] et in neglegendo [[turpitudo]], etc., Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum [[officium]] rectum [[opinor]] vocemus, [[quod]] [[Graeci]] [[κατόρθωμα]] | |lshtext=<b>offĭcĭum</b>: ii, n. for [[opificium]], [[opus]] and [[facio]], qs. [[that]] [[which]] one does for [[another]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[service]], [[whether]] of [[free]] [[will]] or of ([[external]] or [[moral]]) [[necessity]] ([[class]].; cf.: [[studium]], [[beneficium]], [[meritum]], [[munus]]).<br /><b>I</b> A [[voluntary]] [[service]], a [[kindness]], [[favor]], [[courtesy]], rendered to one whose [[claim]] to it is recognized; [[while]] [[beneficium]] is a [[service]] rendered [[where]] [[there]] is no [[claim]]: [[officium]] esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas [[necessitudo]] suscitat et ferre opem jubet, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: altera [[sententia]] est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: odiosum [[sane]] [[genus]] hominum officia exprobrantium, id. ib. 20, 71: [[nihil]] est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum [[officio]] vicini decidere, so as to do him a [[service]], Col. 2, 14, 6: summo [[officio]] [[praeditus]] [[homo]], [[exceedingly]] [[obliging]], Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 135. —<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[ceremonial]] [[observance]], [[ceremony]], [[attendance]] (on a [[festive]] or [[solemn]] [[occasion]]; [[mostly]] [[post]]-Aug.): [[officio]] togae [[virilis]] interfui, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2: [[sine]] solenni [[officio]], Suet. Claud. 2: per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo [[officio]] deductum ad se, id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26: ad [[officium]] venire, id. Calig. 25: relicto [[statim]] novorum consulum [[officio]], id. Caes. 50: in [[officio]] salutationis, id. Aug. 27: vitans [[praeter]] navigantium officia, id. Tib. 12: officia prosequentium, id. Caes. 71: [[quod]] supremis in matrem officiis defuisset, at the [[payment]] of the [[last]] offices, at the [[funeral]], Tac. A. 5, 2: [[officium]] [[cras]] Primo [[sole]] mihi peragendum in valle Quirini, a [[ceremonial]] [[visit]], Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—<br /> <b>2</b> In mal. [[part]]., [[compliance]], [[favor]], Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf. [[virile]], Theod. Prisc. 2, 11: [[puerile]], Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5; Petr. 140.—<br /><b>II</b> In gen., an obligatory [[service]], an [[obligation]], [[duty]], [[function]], [[part]], [[office]] (so [[most]] freq. in [[prose]] and [[poetry]] of all periods): nulla vitae [[pars]] [[neque]] publicis [[neque]] privatis [[neque]] forensibus [[neque]] domesticis in rebus, [[neque]] si [[tecum]] agas [[quid]], [[neque]], si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est [[honestas]] [[omnis]] et in neglegendo [[turpitudo]], etc., Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum [[officium]] rectum [[opinor]] vocemus, [[quod]] [[Graeci]] [[κατόρθωμα]]: hoc [[autem]] [[commune]] καθῆκον vocant, id. ib. 1, 3, 8; an id doles, [[quia]] [[illi]] suum [[officium]] non colunt, [[quom]] tu tuum facis? Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 34; id. ib. 1, 1, 39; id. Pers. 4, 4, 66: meminisse [[officium]] suum, to [[remember]] one's [[duty]], id. Trin. 3, 2, 71.—Also, [[subject]]., a [[sense]] of [[duty]]: si [[quis]] [[aegre]] ferat [[nihil]] in se esse virtutis, [[nihil]] officii, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: [[quicquid]] in eum judicii officiique contuleris, id. Fam. 10, 1 fin.: intellegere, [[utrum]] [[apud]] eos [[pudor]] [[atque]] [[officium]] an [[timor]] valeret, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 14: suum facere, to do one's [[duty]], Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44: omnibus officiis amicitiae servatis, [[observe]] all the obligations of [[friendship]], Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: exsequi, id. Att. 3, 15, 4: fungi [[officio]], id. Fam. 3, 8, 3: satisfacere [[officio]], to [[perform]], id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47: [[officium]] suum deserere, to [[disregard]] one's [[duty]], not [[perform]] it, id. Off. 1, 9, 28: discedere ab [[officio]], id. ib. 1, 10, 32: deesse [[officio]] suo, id. Fam. 7, 3, 1: officii duxit, considered it his [[duty]], Suet. Tib. 11.—Of animals: [[canes]] funguntur officiis luporum, [[act]] the [[part]] of, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—Of things: [[neque]] pes [[neque]] [[mens]] [[satis]] suum [[officium]] facit, Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 3: [[officium]] corporis, the [[function]] or [[property]] of a [[body]], Lucr. 1, 336 and 362.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> Lit., an [[official]] [[duty]], a [[service]], [[employment]], [[business]] ([[class]].): toti [[officio]] maritimo M. [[Bibulus]] [[praepositus]] cuncta administrabat, [[naval]] [[service]], Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; 3, 8: [[celeriter]] [[equitatus]] ad cotidianum itineris [[officium]] revertitur, id. ib. 1, 80: confecto legationis [[officio]], id. ib. 3, 103: destringor [[officio]], Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 1: [[officium]] (scribae), Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—<br /> <b>2</b> Transf., an [[office]], [[appointment]] ([[post]]-Aug.).<br /> <b>a</b> Laboriosissimum et maximum, [[office]], Plin. [[Pan]]. 91: nova officia excogitavit, Suet. Aug. 37; cf.: novum [[officium]] instituit a voluptatibus, id. Tib. 42: obligationes, quae non propriis viribus consistunt, [[neque]] [[officio]] judicis, [[neque]] praetoris imperio [[neque]] legis potestate confirmantur, Dig. 44, 7, 27: qui ex [[officio]] pro aliis interveniunt, by [[virtue]] of [[their]] [[office]], ib. 21, 1, 31, § 14: ministerii, Vulg. Exod. 28, 35: sacerdotum, id. Num. 7, 8.—<br /> <b>b</b> Transf., in concr.<br /> <b>(a)</b> The officials or attendants on a [[magistrate]] = officialium [[corpus]] ([[post]]-[[class]].): sub praetextu [[adventus]] officiorum vel militum, Dig. 1, 18, 6; 21, 2, 74: deponere aliquid [[apud]] [[officium]], ib. 2, 4. 17: officia palatina, officers at the [[imperial]] [[court]], Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> An [[office]] or [[court]] of a [[magistrate]]: [[ipse]] me [[Regulus]] convenit in praetoris [[officio]], Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11. | ||
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Revision as of 09:33, 13 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
offĭcĭum: ii, n. for opificium, opus and facio, qs. that which one does for another,
I a service, whether of free will or of (external or moral) necessity (class.; cf.: studium, beneficium, meritum, munus).
I A voluntary service, a kindness, favor, courtesy, rendered to one whose claim to it is recognized; while beneficium is a service rendered where there is no claim: officium esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas necessitudo suscitat et ferre opem jubet, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1.
A In gen.: altera sententia est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: odiosum sane genus hominum officia exprobrantium, id. ib. 20, 71: nihil est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum officio vicini decidere, so as to do him a service, Col. 2, 14, 6: summo officio praeditus homo, exceedingly obliging, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 135. —
B In partic.
1 A ceremonial observance, ceremony, attendance (on a festive or solemn occasion; mostly post-Aug.): officio togae virilis interfui, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2: sine solenni officio, Suet. Claud. 2: per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo officio deductum ad se, id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26: ad officium venire, id. Calig. 25: relicto statim novorum consulum officio, id. Caes. 50: in officio salutationis, id. Aug. 27: vitans praeter navigantium officia, id. Tib. 12: officia prosequentium, id. Caes. 71: quod supremis in matrem officiis defuisset, at the payment of the last offices, at the funeral, Tac. A. 5, 2: officium cras Primo sole mihi peragendum in valle Quirini, a ceremonial visit, Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—
2 In mal. part., compliance, favor, Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf. virile, Theod. Prisc. 2, 11: puerile, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5; Petr. 140.—
II In gen., an obligatory service, an obligation, duty, function, part, office (so most freq. in prose and poetry of all periods): nulla vitae pars neque publicis neque privatis neque forensibus neque domesticis in rebus, neque si tecum agas quid, neque, si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est honestas omnis et in neglegendo turpitudo, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum officium rectum opinor vocemus, quod Graeci κατόρθωμα: hoc autem commune καθῆκον vocant, id. ib. 1, 3, 8; an id doles, quia illi suum officium non colunt, quom tu tuum facis? Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 34; id. ib. 1, 1, 39; id. Pers. 4, 4, 66: meminisse officium suum, to remember one's duty, id. Trin. 3, 2, 71.—Also, subject., a sense of duty: si quis aegre ferat nihil in se esse virtutis, nihil officii, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: quicquid in eum judicii officiique contuleris, id. Fam. 10, 1 fin.: intellegere, utrum apud eos pudor atque officium an timor valeret, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 14: suum facere, to do one's duty, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44: omnibus officiis amicitiae servatis, observe all the obligations of friendship, Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: exsequi, id. Att. 3, 15, 4: fungi officio, id. Fam. 3, 8, 3: satisfacere officio, to perform, id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47: officium suum deserere, to disregard one's duty, not perform it, id. Off. 1, 9, 28: discedere ab officio, id. ib. 1, 10, 32: deesse officio suo, id. Fam. 7, 3, 1: officii duxit, considered it his duty, Suet. Tib. 11.—Of animals: canes funguntur officiis luporum, act the part of, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—Of things: neque pes neque mens satis suum officium facit, Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 3: officium corporis, the function or property of a body, Lucr. 1, 336 and 362.—
B In partic.
1 Lit., an official duty, a service, employment, business (class.): toti officio maritimo M. Bibulus praepositus cuncta administrabat, naval service, Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; 3, 8: celeriter equitatus ad cotidianum itineris officium revertitur, id. ib. 1, 80: confecto legationis officio, id. ib. 3, 103: destringor officio, Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 1: officium (scribae), Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—
2 Transf., an office, appointment (post-Aug.).
a Laboriosissimum et maximum, office, Plin. Pan. 91: nova officia excogitavit, Suet. Aug. 37; cf.: novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, id. Tib. 42: obligationes, quae non propriis viribus consistunt, neque officio judicis, neque praetoris imperio neque legis potestate confirmantur, Dig. 44, 7, 27: qui ex officio pro aliis interveniunt, by virtue of their office, ib. 21, 1, 31, § 14: ministerii, Vulg. Exod. 28, 35: sacerdotum, id. Num. 7, 8.—
b Transf., in concr.
(a) The officials or attendants on a magistrate = officialium corpus (post-class.): sub praetextu adventus officiorum vel militum, Dig. 1, 18, 6; 21, 2, 74: deponere aliquid apud officium, ib. 2, 4. 17: officia palatina, officers at the imperial court, Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8.—
(b) An office or court of a magistrate: ipse me Regulus convenit in praetoris officio, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11.
