actio: Difference between revisions
ἀναρχία γάρ ἐστιν ἡ πλεισταρχία → the rule of the widest sway of opinion is the same as no rule at all (Gregory Nazianzenus, De vita sua 1744)
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|lshtext=<b>actĭo</b>: ōnis, f. [[ago]],<br /><b>I</b> a doing, performing, acting, [[action]], [[act]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen.: non [[modo]] deos spoliat motu et actione divina, sed [[etiam]] homines inertes efficit, Cic. N. D. 1, 37; 2, 16; virtutis [[laus]] [[omnis]] in actione consistit, id. Off. 1, 6; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54.—With [[subject]]. gen.: ad eas res parandas, quibus [[actio]] vitae continetur, [[active]], [[practical]] [[life]], id. Off. 1, 5: corporis, id. Div. 1, 32: mentis, id. N. D. 1, 17; and [[with]] [[object]]. gen.: [[itaque]] nec [[actio]] rerum illarum (the [[public]] [[performance]] of those things) apertā petulantiā vacat, id. ib. 1, 35, 127; ib. 1, 43: [[actio]] ullius rei, id. Ac. 2, 33, 108; and so plur.: periculosae rerum actiones sunt, Off. 1, 2, 4; [[hence]]: [[actio]] gratiarum, the giving of [[thanks]], id. Fam. 10, 19 (cf.: gratias agere).—<br /><b>II</b> Esp.<br /> <b>A</b> Public functions, [[civil]] acts, proceedings, or duties.<br /> <b>1</b> In gen., Cic. Fam. 9, 8: tribunorum, [[their]] [[official]] duties, Liv. 5, 11; so, [[consularis]], id. 4, 55 al.: actiones [[nostras]] scriptis mandamus, Cic. Off. 2, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 5.—Hence [[negotiation]], [[deliberation]]: discessu consulum [[actio]] de [[pace]] sublata est, Cic. Att. 9. 9.—Esp.<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[judicial]] proceedings.<br /> <b>a</b> An [[action]], [[suit]], [[process]] (in abstr.), [[with]] a gen. [[more]] [[precisely]] defining it, e. g. [[actio]] furti, injuriarum; also [[with]] de: [[actio]] de repetundis, de arboribus succisis, etc.: actionem alicui intendere, Cic. Mil. 14: instituere, to [[bring]] an [[action]] [[against]] one, id. Mur. 9: multis actiones (processes, suits) et res (the [[property]] in [[suit]]) peribant, Liv. 39, 18 al.—<br /> <b>b</b> The [[accusation]] (in concr.), the [[statement]] of the [[crime]], the [[indictment]], [[charge]], [[accusation]]: Inde [[illa]] [[actio]], OPE CONSILIOQVE TVO FVRTVM AIO FACTVM ESSE, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74; cf. id. Caecin. 3; id. de Or. 1, 36, 167.—Hence, in gen., [[judicial]] forms (the [[omission]] of [[which]] rendered a [[suit]] null and [[void]]): actiones Manilianae, forms [[relative]] to [[purchase]] and [[sale]]; cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 246: Hostilianae, ib. 1, 57, 245.—Hence,<br /> <b>c</b> A [[pleading]] of a [[case]] ([[spoken]] or written); so Cic. calls his Orats. [[against]] [[Verres]], actiones, pleas, [[simply]] [[dividing]] [[them]] [[into]] [[actio]] prima and [[actio]] secunda: [[actio]] causae, Cic. Caecin. 2, 4; actiones litium, id. Phil. 9, 5, 11; so, Suet. continuae actiones, Ner. 15: in prima parte actionis, Quint. 10, 1, 20 al.—<br /> <b>d</b> Permission for a [[suit]]: [[dare]] alicui actionem ([[which]] [[was]] the [[right]] or [[duty]] of the [[praetor]] or [[judge]]), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27.—<br /> <b>e</b> The [[judicial]] [[management]] of a [[suit]], the [[trial]], the [[day]] of [[trial]]: prima, altera, tertia, Cic. Verr. 1, 30; 2, 2, 6.—<br /> <b>B</b> Gesticulation [[connected]] [[with]] [[oral]] [[delivery]].<br /> <b>1</b> Of an [[orator]]; the [[exterior]] [[air]] or [[bearing]], the [[action]], [[delivery]]: Demosthenem ferunt ei qui quaesivisset [[quid]] [[primum]] esset in dicendo, actionem; [[quid]] [[secundum]], [[idem]] et [[idem]] [[tertium]] respondisse, Cic. Brut. 38; cf. id. de Or. 1, 18; so [[that]] it [[often]] includes [[even]] the [[voice]]: [[actio]] ejus ([[Pompeii]]) habebat et in voce magnum splendorem et in motu summam dignitatem, id. Brut. 68; cf. id. Or. 17: est [[actio]] [[quasi]] [[sermo]] corporis, id. de Or. 3, 59; cf. ib. 2, 17 al.—Hence, also —<br /> <b>2</b> Of an [[actor]], [[action]]: in quo tanta commoveri [[actio]] non posset, id. de Or. 3, 26.—<br /> <b>C</b> In [[dramatic]] lang., the [[action]], the [[connection]] or [[series]] of events, the [[plot]], in a [[play]]: habet [[enim]] ([[fabula]]) varios [[actus]] multasque actiones et consiliorum et temporum, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6. | |lshtext=<b>actĭo</b>: ōnis, f. [[ago]],<br /><b>I</b> a doing, performing, acting, [[action]], [[act]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen.: non [[modo]] deos spoliat motu et actione divina, sed [[etiam]] homines inertes efficit, Cic. N. D. 1, 37; 2, 16; virtutis [[laus]] [[omnis]] in actione consistit, id. Off. 1, 6; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54.—With [[subject]]. gen.: ad eas res parandas, quibus [[actio]] vitae continetur, [[active]], [[practical]] [[life]], id. Off. 1, 5: corporis, id. Div. 1, 32: mentis, id. N. D. 1, 17; and [[with]] [[object]]. gen.: [[itaque]] nec [[actio]] rerum illarum (the [[public]] [[performance]] of those things) apertā petulantiā vacat, id. ib. 1, 35, 127; ib. 1, 43: [[actio]] ullius rei, id. Ac. 2, 33, 108; and so plur.: periculosae rerum actiones sunt, Off. 1, 2, 4; [[hence]]: [[actio]] gratiarum, the giving of [[thanks]], id. Fam. 10, 19 (cf.: gratias agere).—<br /><b>II</b> Esp.<br /> <b>A</b> Public functions, [[civil]] acts, proceedings, or duties.<br /> <b>1</b> In gen., Cic. Fam. 9, 8: tribunorum, [[their]] [[official]] duties, Liv. 5, 11; so, [[consularis]], id. 4, 55 al.: actiones [[nostras]] scriptis mandamus, Cic. Off. 2, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 5.—Hence [[negotiation]], [[deliberation]]: discessu consulum [[actio]] de [[pace]] sublata est, Cic. Att. 9. 9.—Esp.<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[judicial]] proceedings.<br /> <b>a</b> An [[action]], [[suit]], [[process]] (in abstr.), [[with]] a gen. [[more]] [[precisely]] defining it, e. g. [[actio]] furti, injuriarum; also [[with]] de: [[actio]] de repetundis, de arboribus succisis, etc.: actionem alicui intendere, Cic. Mil. 14: instituere, to [[bring]] an [[action]] [[against]] one, id. Mur. 9: multis actiones (processes, suits) et res (the [[property]] in [[suit]]) peribant, Liv. 39, 18 al.—<br /> <b>b</b> The [[accusation]] (in concr.), the [[statement]] of the [[crime]], the [[indictment]], [[charge]], [[accusation]]: Inde [[illa]] [[actio]], OPE CONSILIOQVE TVO FVRTVM AIO FACTVM ESSE, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74; cf. id. Caecin. 3; id. de Or. 1, 36, 167.—Hence, in gen., [[judicial]] forms (the [[omission]] of [[which]] rendered a [[suit]] null and [[void]]): actiones Manilianae, forms [[relative]] to [[purchase]] and [[sale]]; cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 246: Hostilianae, ib. 1, 57, 245.—Hence,<br /> <b>c</b> A [[pleading]] of a [[case]] ([[spoken]] or written); so Cic. calls his Orats. [[against]] [[Verres]], actiones, pleas, [[simply]] [[dividing]] [[them]] [[into]] [[actio]] prima and [[actio]] secunda: [[actio]] causae, Cic. Caecin. 2, 4; actiones litium, id. Phil. 9, 5, 11; so, Suet. continuae actiones, Ner. 15: in prima parte actionis, Quint. 10, 1, 20 al.—<br /> <b>d</b> Permission for a [[suit]]: [[dare]] alicui actionem ([[which]] [[was]] the [[right]] or [[duty]] of the [[praetor]] or [[judge]]), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27.—<br /> <b>e</b> The [[judicial]] [[management]] of a [[suit]], the [[trial]], the [[day]] of [[trial]]: prima, altera, tertia, Cic. Verr. 1, 30; 2, 2, 6.—<br /> <b>B</b> Gesticulation [[connected]] [[with]] [[oral]] [[delivery]].<br /> <b>1</b> Of an [[orator]]; the [[exterior]] [[air]] or [[bearing]], the [[action]], [[delivery]]: Demosthenem ferunt ei qui quaesivisset [[quid]] [[primum]] esset in dicendo, actionem; [[quid]] [[secundum]], [[idem]] et [[idem]] [[tertium]] respondisse, Cic. Brut. 38; cf. id. de Or. 1, 18; so [[that]] it [[often]] includes [[even]] the [[voice]]: [[actio]] ejus ([[Pompeii]]) habebat et in voce magnum splendorem et in motu summam dignitatem, id. Brut. 68; cf. id. Or. 17: est [[actio]] [[quasi]] [[sermo]] corporis, id. de Or. 3, 59; cf. ib. 2, 17 al.—Hence, also —<br /> <b>2</b> Of an [[actor]], [[action]]: in quo tanta commoveri [[actio]] non posset, id. de Or. 3, 26.—<br /> <b>C</b> In [[dramatic]] lang., the [[action]], the [[connection]] or [[series]] of events, the [[plot]], in a [[play]]: habet [[enim]] ([[fabula]]) varios [[actus]] multasque actiones et consiliorum et temporum, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6. | ||
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{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>āctĭō</b>,⁸ ōnis, f. ([[ago]]), action de faire :<br /><b>1</b> action <b> a)</b> accomplissement d’une chose : [[actio]] illarum rerum aperta Cic. Off. 1, 127, accomplissement de ces choses au grand jour ; [[actio]] rerum Cic. Ac. 2, 62, action de faire qqch., action, activité ; gratiarum Cic. Fam. 12, 26, 1, action de remercier || [avec gén. subj.] : vitæ Cic. Off. 1, 17, vie [[active]], pratique ; corporis Cic. Div. 1, 70, action du corps, activité physique ; <b> b)</b> action, [[acte]] : honesta Cic. Læl. 47, action honorable ; æquabilitas universæ vitæ, tum singularum actionum Cic. Off. 1, 111, l’unité dans la vie en général, comme dans chaque action en particulier || in singulis tetrantum actionibus Vitr. Arch. 3, 5, 6, dans chaque exécution d’un quart de cercle<br /><b>2</b> action oratoire [débit, gestes, attitudes] : Cic. de Or. 1, 18, etc. || jeu des acteurs : Cic. de Or. 3, 102 ; Fin. 3, 24<br /><b>3</b> manifestation de l’activité, action d’un magistrat dans l’exercice de ses fonctions ; débats, propositions, motions [devant le peuple ou le sénat] : [[actio]] de pace sublata [[est]] Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2, toute action [de caractère officiel] pour le maintien de la paix a été supprimée ; actiones tribuniciæ Liv. 3, 24, 2, actions [interventions] des tribuns ; nulla erat [[consularis]] [[actio]] Liv. 4, 55, 1, aucune mesure n’était prise par les consuls ; seditiosæ actiones Liv. 4, 43, 6, des motions séditieuses ; meæ actiones publicæ Cic. Or. 148, mon activité politique<br /><b>4</b> action [dans la langue judiciaire], poursuite devant les tribunaux : actionem perduellionis intendere Cic. Mil. 36, intenter une action [accusation] de haute trahison || [[prima]] Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 156 ; [[prior]] Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, la première action || droit de poursuite : dare actionem Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61 ; Fl. 49, donner l’autorisation de poursuivre ; postulare Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, demander l’autorisation de poursuivre || formule de la poursuite : Cic. Cæc. 54 ; Fin. 5, 88, etc.; [[inde]] [[illa]] [[actio]] « ope consilioque tuo [[furtum]] [[aio]] [[factum]] [[esse]] » Cic. Nat. 3, 74, d’où [[cette]] formule d’action « j’affirme que le vol a été fait par ton œuvre, par ton initiative » ; expositis a Cn. Flavio [[primum]] actionibus Cic. de Or. 1, 186, les formules des actions ayant été publiées pour la première fois par Cn. [[Flavius]] ; Hostilianæ actiones Cic. de Or. 1, 245, le recueil des formules d’[[Hostilius]]<br /><b>5</b> discours [judiciaire] : Cic. de Or. 2, 271 ; Quint. 10, 1, 22 || discours [en général] : Vell. 2, 63, 3. | |||
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Revision as of 06:30, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
actĭo: ōnis, f. ago,
I a doing, performing, acting, action, act.
I In gen.: non modo deos spoliat motu et actione divina, sed etiam homines inertes efficit, Cic. N. D. 1, 37; 2, 16; virtutis laus omnis in actione consistit, id. Off. 1, 6; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54.—With subject. gen.: ad eas res parandas, quibus actio vitae continetur, active, practical life, id. Off. 1, 5: corporis, id. Div. 1, 32: mentis, id. N. D. 1, 17; and with object. gen.: itaque nec actio rerum illarum (the public performance of those things) apertā petulantiā vacat, id. ib. 1, 35, 127; ib. 1, 43: actio ullius rei, id. Ac. 2, 33, 108; and so plur.: periculosae rerum actiones sunt, Off. 1, 2, 4; hence: actio gratiarum, the giving of thanks, id. Fam. 10, 19 (cf.: gratias agere).—
II Esp.
A Public functions, civil acts, proceedings, or duties.
1 In gen., Cic. Fam. 9, 8: tribunorum, their official duties, Liv. 5, 11; so, consularis, id. 4, 55 al.: actiones nostras scriptis mandamus, Cic. Off. 2, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 5.—Hence negotiation, deliberation: discessu consulum actio de pace sublata est, Cic. Att. 9. 9.—Esp.
2 Of judicial proceedings.
a An action, suit, process (in abstr.), with a gen. more precisely defining it, e. g. actio furti, injuriarum; also with de: actio de repetundis, de arboribus succisis, etc.: actionem alicui intendere, Cic. Mil. 14: instituere, to bring an action against one, id. Mur. 9: multis actiones (processes, suits) et res (the property in suit) peribant, Liv. 39, 18 al.—
b The accusation (in concr.), the statement of the crime, the indictment, charge, accusation: Inde illa actio, OPE CONSILIOQVE TVO FVRTVM AIO FACTVM ESSE, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74; cf. id. Caecin. 3; id. de Or. 1, 36, 167.—Hence, in gen., judicial forms (the omission of which rendered a suit null and void): actiones Manilianae, forms relative to purchase and sale; cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 246: Hostilianae, ib. 1, 57, 245.—Hence,
c A pleading of a case (spoken or written); so Cic. calls his Orats. against Verres, actiones, pleas, simply dividing them into actio prima and actio secunda: actio causae, Cic. Caecin. 2, 4; actiones litium, id. Phil. 9, 5, 11; so, Suet. continuae actiones, Ner. 15: in prima parte actionis, Quint. 10, 1, 20 al.—
d Permission for a suit: dare alicui actionem (which was the right or duty of the praetor or judge), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27.—
e The judicial management of a suit, the trial, the day of trial: prima, altera, tertia, Cic. Verr. 1, 30; 2, 2, 6.—
B Gesticulation connected with oral delivery.
1 Of an orator; the exterior air or bearing, the action, delivery: Demosthenem ferunt ei qui quaesivisset quid primum esset in dicendo, actionem; quid secundum, idem et idem tertium respondisse, Cic. Brut. 38; cf. id. de Or. 1, 18; so that it often includes even the voice: actio ejus (Pompeii) habebat et in voce magnum splendorem et in motu summam dignitatem, id. Brut. 68; cf. id. Or. 17: est actio quasi sermo corporis, id. de Or. 3, 59; cf. ib. 2, 17 al.—Hence, also —
2 Of an actor, action: in quo tanta commoveri actio non posset, id. de Or. 3, 26.—
C In dramatic lang., the action, the connection or series of events, the plot, in a play: habet enim (fabula) varios actus multasque actiones et consiliorum et temporum, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
āctĭō,⁸ ōnis, f. (ago), action de faire :
1 action a) accomplissement d’une chose : actio illarum rerum aperta Cic. Off. 1, 127, accomplissement de ces choses au grand jour ; actio rerum Cic. Ac. 2, 62, action de faire qqch., action, activité ; gratiarum Cic. Fam. 12, 26, 1, action de remercier
